CN103324112B - Control method of free fall optimal braking time point of heavy hook - Google Patents

Abstract

The invention relates to a control method of a free fall optimal braking time point of a heavy hook. The method comprises the following steps of: inputting the measuring parameter and drilling depth through measuring parameters such as gravity and volume of the heavy hook, slurry fluid density, slurry damping coefficient and the like, and simultaneously inputting the computing formula related to the controlling of the free fall optimal braking time point of the heavy hook into a computer; and compiling a utilizing a computer software to rapidly calculate through compiling a flow path software for establishing and controlling the free fall optimal braking time point of the heavy hook in the computer, and optimally determining the optimal braking time point to guarantee the total falling shortest length of the heavy hook. The control method provided by the invention is suitable for drilling in different depths, and the falling efficiency of the heavy hook is high.

Description

The control method of heavy hook free-falling optimal brake time point

Technical field

The present invention relates to a kind of control method of heavy hook free-falling optimal brake time point, specifically a kind of by measuring the ratio of damping being heavily hooked in suffered resistance when moving in drilling rod and slurry liquid, and for different drilling depth, determine heavy hook from free releasing to braking time point and transfer the control method of total duration.

Background technology

Adamas wire line coring drilling technology because its drilling efficiency is high, bit life is long, exploration cycle is short, be widely used in geology get core look for ore deposit construct in, particularly deep hole and bad ground core drilling construction.

Tradition fishes for the operation of rock core drilling tool, from transfer and be heavily hooked to drawworks brake and determine by rule of thumb during this period of time, drilling depth is different, and braking time is also different, and this is very high to staff requirement; Heavily be hooked in when moving in mud, the resistance suffered by it is relevant with mud ratio of damping; The ratio of damping of slurry liquid and the density of mud, viscosity, the relating to parameters such as the shape of heavy hook, the ratio of damping of current mud does not also have authority to describe in wire line coring, and therefore heavy hook lowering velocity controls to get up also to rely on experience; If control bad, lowering velocity is crossed conference and is impacted core container and destroy core container, and speed is too little effectively can not be connected with core container, affects drilling efficiency.At present, the domestic control technology also disclosing some counterweight hook free-falling speed, as invariable power automatic speed regulation releasing winch, electric transmission control system of logging truck, the method for control speed of free falling winch and the device of enforcement the method, the weak point of these technology is: the device relevant by installation or control assembly reach the falling speed controlling heavy hook.If with relevant apparatus or control assembly in the control of speed, make the cost performance of complete equipment lower.

Summary of the invention

The object of the invention is for solving the deficiencies in the prior art, and a kind of control method of heavy hook free-falling optimal brake time point is provided, this method does not need to install complicated device or control assembly, but by measuring the ratio of damping being heavily hooked in suffered resistance when moving in drilling rod and slurry liquid, and for different drilling depth, through computer programming, optimize the control method determining heavy hook free-falling optimal brake time point.

For achieving the above object, the technical solution used in the present invention is: the control method providing a kind of heavy hook free-falling optimal brake time point, operates as follows:

Step 1, the gravity measuring heavy hook, volume and slurry liquid density parameter;

Step 2, creeping into on-site measurement mud ratio of damping, the equipment used in mensuration comprises: winch, tension pick-up, fixed axis gear trains, wire rope, angle sheave and heavy hook, described winch to be linked in sequence fixed axis gear trains, angle sheave and heavy hook by wire rope, and fixed axis gear trains is provided with tension pick-up; The different falling speed of two groups heavy hooks is exported by winch, the tension force of the wire rope be connected on heavy hook is measured by tension pick-up, buoyancy, resistance, damping force and gravity suffered by heavy hook four dynamic balance, records the ratio of damping being heavily hooked in suffered resistance in mud, and records data;

Step 3, mensuration drilling depth, drilling depth uses labeling method, carries out label to the drilling rod that each root is transferred, and by the numbering of current lowering drill pipes, calculates the degree of depth of creeping into;

Step 4, by above-mentioned steps measure parameters input in computing machine, the computing formula relevant to controlling heavy hook free-falling optimal brake time point is input in computing machine simultaneously, the control flow of the heavy hook free-falling of establishment in a computer, by computer process software calculate fast determine heavy hook from free releasing to the optimal time point of braking, the value of damping force and transfer total duration; Described computing formula comprises equation

8. equation is $\frac{{\mathrm{dv}}_2}{\mathrm{dt}}=g-\frac{F+T}{m}-\frac{k}{m}{v_2}^2;$

9. equation is $\underset{0}{\overset{t_1}{\∫}}{v}_1\mathrm{dt}+\underset{t_1}{\overset{t_2}{\∫}}{v}_2\mathrm{dt}=H;$

In formula: m attaches most importance to hook quality, and v is falling speed, v ₁for the speed before braking, v ₂for the speed after braking, g is acceleration of gravity, and t is fall time, t ₁the rear optimal time point starting to brake transferred by hook of attaching most importance to, t ₂hook of attaching most importance to falls T.T., and k is mud ratio of damping, and F is buoyancy, and T is damping force, and H is drilling depth.

The control flow of the described heavy hook free-falling of establishment is in a computer:

First preset heavy hook in a program to fall total duration t ₃for 1000s; Cycle index is n, if initial value is n=0; Be equipped with dynamic time point initial value t ₁=0s;

Judge whether cycle index n is less than the most long circulating number of times set in program, if not, then end loop;

If so, the whereabouts T.T. t meeting equation calculating 7., 8. and 9. is then exported ₂;

Judge the whereabouts T.T. t calculated ₂whether numerical value is greater than the numerical value of cycle index n, if not, then and end loop;

If so, the whereabouts T.T. t calculated then is judged ₂whether be less than and preset total duration t ₃, if not, then cycle index n adds 1 and again circulates;

If so, then the whereabouts T.T. t calculated ₂be assigned to and preset total duration t ₃, the numerical value of cycle index n is assigned to optimal brake time point t ₁, then cycle index n adds 1 and again circulates; Final display optimal brake time point t ₁.

Described computer process software determines the size starting the damping force of braking, and the damping force that computing machine is determined should be turned down a little in actual brake operating, to guarantee that heavy hook safely dropping is to shaft bottom.

The control method of heavy hook free-falling optimal brake time point of the present invention compared with prior art tool has the following advantages:

1. in method of the present invention, mud ratio of damping obtains by creeping into in-site measurement, can't not be by mud ratio of damping formulae discovery, therefore mud ratio of damping of the present invention has more practical value.

2. method of the present invention is different from and generally creeps into operation and transfer heavy hook by rule of thumb, but is calculated fast by computer process software and determine optimal brake time point, then controls the process transferring heavy hook artificially.Method of the present invention can be used for different depth and creeps into, and realizes safety and transfers heavy hook, can save man-hour and reduce the excessive impact impacted hole subdrilling tool of heavy hook lowering velocity.

3. method of the present invention is different from by the control of installing relevant device or control assembly and realize the free-falling of counterweight hook in prior art, and therefore method of the present invention is simple, small investment, successful.

Accompanying drawing explanation

Fig. 1 tests mud ratio of damping schematic diagram in the control method of the present invention's heavy hook free-falling optimal brake time point.

Fig. 2 is the control flow chart of the heavy hook free-falling optimal brake time point worked out in the present invention.

Fig. 3 is that the present invention tests 100 meters of drilling wells and transfers the speed of heavy hook, acceleration with the curve map of displacement, time variations.

Fig. 4 is that the present invention tests 1000 meters of drilling wells and transfers the speed of heavy hook, acceleration with the curve map of displacement, time variations.

In above-mentioned figure: 1-winch; 2-tension pick-up; 3-fixed axis gear trains; 4-wire rope; 5-angle sheave; The 6-borehole wall; 7-mud; The heavy hook of 8-; t ₁-optimal brake time point; t ₂-fall T.T.; N-cycle index; t ₃-optimum total duration.

Embodiment

Below in conjunction with the drawings and specific embodiments, content of the present invention is described in further detail.

Embodiment 1: the control method providing a kind of heavy hook free-falling optimal brake time point, operates as follows:

Step 1, in order to determine heavy hook free-falling optimal brake time point, also need the gravity mg, the volume V that first measure heavy hook, slurry liquid density p parameter.

Step 2, creeping into on-site measurement mud ratio of damping, as shown in Figure 1, measuring equipment used and comprise: winch 1, tension pick-up 2, fixed axis gear trains 3, wire rope 4, angle sheave 5 and heavy hook 8.Winch 1 is connected with fixed axis gear trains 3, angle sheave 5 and heavy hook 8 by wire rope 4 order, and installation tension sensor 2 on fixed axis gear trains 3, has mud 7 in the borehole wall 6, and heavy hook 8 falls toward shaft bottom in mud 7.

The principle that in the present invention, mud ratio of damping measures is: heavy hook 8 falls in mud 7, and final speed is at the uniform velocity, at this moment heavy hook 8 stress balance; In fact mud ratio of damping is relevant with several factors, and as the shape etc. of the viscosity of mud, density, weight, this makes directly to measure more difficult to mud ratio of damping.Do not consider that mud ratio of damping is relevant with other factors in the method, but can determine that heavy hook 8 moves in mud and its speed has following relation;

f＝kv ^x①

Formula 1. in f attach most importance to and be hooked in the resistance that is subject in mud motion, k is mud ratio of damping, and v attaches most importance to hook falling speed, and x is the power exponent in speed.

When heavy hook 8 falls to making uniform motion in mud, the gravity mg suffered by heavy hook 8, resistance f, buoyancy F, damping force T, four dynamic balances:

mg＝f+F+T ②

Wherein F=ρ gV _row, f=kv ^x, ρ-slurry liquid density, g-acceleration of gravity, V _rowto attach most importance to the volume of hook draining.

By given heavy hook two kinds of different fallings speed, just can record the tension force of corresponding wire rope respectively, just can obtain the ratio of damping of mud.

2. then have according to formula: $\left\{\begin{array}{c}\mathrm{mg}-F-T_1=k{v_{11}}^x\\ \mathrm{mg}-F-T_2=k{v_{22}}^x\end{array}\right.$

Simultaneous Equations solves and can obtain:

$x=\frac{\lg (\mathrm{mg}-F-T_1)-\lg (\mathrm{mg}-F-T_2)}{\lg v_{11}-\lg v_{22}}$ ③

$k=\frac{\mathrm{mg}-F-T_1}{{v_{11}}^x}$ ④

3. the ratio of damping of mud and is 4. calculated according to formula.The mud ratio of damping obtained to make measurement is more reliable, is averaged, then have by repetitive measurement:

$\stackrel{\‾}{k}=\frac{\underset{i=1}{\overset{n}{\mathrm{\Σ}}}{k}_i}{n}$ ⑤

Step 3, mensuration drilling depth, in Practical Project construction, drilling depth uses labeling method.Label is carried out to the drilling rod that each root is transferred, as long as read the current numbering wanting lowering drill pipes, 6. can obtain the degree of depth of creeping into according to formula below.

H＝l×n-l′×(n-l) ⑥

In above formula: H is drilling depth (rice), l is single drill pipe length (rice), and n is current lowering drill pipes label, and l ' is drilling rod screwing length (rice).

Step 4, by above-mentioned 1 ~ 3 step measure parameters input in computing machine, the computing formula relevant to controlling heavy hook free-falling optimal brake time point is input in computing machine simultaneously, the control flow of the heavy hook free-falling of establishment in a computer, by computer process software calculate fast determine heavy hook from free releasing to the optimal time point of braking, the value of damping force and transfer total duration; Because heavy hook falls to being divided into free-falling and two stages of braking.In the free-falling stage, under being heavily hooked in self gravitation and slurry resistance and buoyancy, do the accelerated motion that acceleration reduces, until heavy hook at the uniform velocity falls; Deboost phase is heavily hooked in gravity, slurry resistance, under the effect of buoyancy and damping force, does the retarded motion that acceleration reduces, until heavy hook at the uniform velocity falls.

In the free-falling stage, have according to Newton second law:

$\mathrm{mg}-f-F=m\frac{{\mathrm{dv}}_1}{\mathrm{dt}}$

Arrange distortion can obtain:

$\frac{{\mathrm{dv}}_1}{\mathrm{dt}}=g-\frac{F}{m}-\frac{k}{m}{v_1}^2$ ⑦

In the deboost phase, have according to Newton second law:

$\mathrm{mg}-f-F-T=m\frac{{\mathrm{dv}}_2}{\mathrm{dt}}$

Arrange distortion can obtain:

$\frac{{\mathrm{dv}}_2}{\mathrm{dt}}=g-\frac{F+T}{m}-\frac{k}{m}{v_2}^2$ ⑧

It is known for being heavily hooked in the whole dropping process degree of depth, v ₁the speed being heavily hooked in the free-falling stage, v ₂be the speed being heavily hooked in the deboost phase, be heavily hooked to braking be set to optimal brake time point t during this period of time from transferring ₁, heavy hook drops to the time of core container bottom for the T.T. t that falls ₂, then there is this relation following:

$\underset{0}{\overset{t_1}{\∫}}{v}_1\mathrm{dt}+\underset{t_1}{\overset{t_2}{\∫}}{v}_2\mathrm{dt}=H$ ⑨

Owing to being heavily hooked in fall stage, have the constraint of formula 7., 8. and 9. three equations, thus through computing machine repeatedly n add 1 cycle calculations, give a series of braking time point t ₁value, just can obtain a series of whereabouts T.T. t ₂value, from this series of whereabouts T.T. t ₂minimum whereabouts T.T. t is selected in value ₂the braking time point t that value is corresponding ₁value is exactly braking time point optimum in heavy hook free-falling process.

The control flow of the heavy hook free-falling optimal brake time point in the present invention, see Fig. 2, first presets heavy hook and to fall total duration t ₃=1000s, if initial value cycle index n=0, if initial value optimal brake time point t ₁=0s; Judge whether cycle index n is less than 1000, if not, then end loop, if so, then exports the whereabouts T.T. t meeting equation calculating 7., 8. and 9. ₂; Judge the whereabouts T.T. t calculated ₂numerical value whether be greater than the numerical value of cycle index n, if not, then end loop; If so, the whereabouts T.T. t calculated then is judged ₂whether be less than and preset total duration t ₃, if not, then cycle index n adds 1 and again circulates; If so, then whereabouts T.T. t ₂be assigned to and preset total duration t ₃, the numerical value of cycle index n is assigned to optimal brake time point t ₁, then cycle index n adds 1 and again circulates; So through computing machine repeatedly n add 1 cycle calculations, give a series of braking time point t ₁value, just can obtain the whereabouts T.T. t of series of computation ₂value, from this series of whereabouts T.T. t ₂minimum whereabouts T.T. t is selected in value ₂the braking time point t that value is corresponding ₁value is exactly braking time point optimum in heavy hook free-falling process.Computer display final optimal braking time point t ₁.

Analogic drilling of the present invention 100 meters and under creeping into 1000 meters of situations, the speed of the heavy hook free-falling of program display and acceleration in time with the curve of change in displacement as shown in Figures 3 and 4, Computer display creeps into 100 meters, and the optimal brake time is 16 seconds and to creep into 1000 meters of optimal brake times be 161 seconds.

During real work, the data that step 1 ~ 3 record are input in program, computing machine will demonstrate the optimal brake time point that heavy hook is transferred very soon; Then transfer heavy hook and timing, when reaching optimal brake time point, export damping force by winch, until heavy hook transfers to shaft bottom stably.After determining to put heavy hook well, winch reverses, and promotes drilling tool.

Shaft bottom transferred to by heavy hook will certain speed restriction, can not excessive also can not be too small, for the sake of security, the value of the optimal brake power can determined according to computer process, when practical operation, the value of damping force is turned down a bit a little, to guarantee that heavy hook safely dropping is to shaft bottom.

Method of the present invention does not need to install complicated device or control assembly, only need be calculated fast by computer process software and determine optimal brake time point.This method can be used for different depth and creeps into, and realizes safety and transfers heavy hook, can save and impact impact with the heavy hook lowering velocity of reduction is excessive to hole subdrilling tool man-hour.

Claims (3)

1. a control method for heavy hook free-falling optimal brake time point, is characterized in that: operate as follows:

Step 1, the gravity measuring heavy hook, volume and slurry liquid density parameter;

Step 2, creeping into on-site measurement mud ratio of damping, the equipment used in mensuration comprises: winch, tension pick-up, fixed axis gear trains, wire rope, angle sheave and heavy hook, described winch to be linked in sequence fixed axis gear trains, angle sheave and heavy hook by wire rope, and fixed axis gear trains is provided with tension pick-up; The different falling speed of two groups heavy hooks is exported by winch, the tension force of the wire rope be connected on heavy hook is measured by tension pick-up, buoyancy, resistance, damping force and gravity suffered by heavy hook four dynamic balance, records the ratio of damping being heavily hooked in suffered resistance in mud, and records data;

Step 3, mensuration drilling depth, drilling depth uses labeling method, carries out label to the drilling rod that each root is transferred, and by the numbering of current lowering drill pipes, calculates the degree of depth of creeping into;

Step 4, by above-mentioned steps measure parameters input in computing machine, the computing formula relevant to controlling heavy hook free-falling optimal brake time point is input in computing machine simultaneously, the control flow of the heavy hook free-falling of establishment in a computer, by computer process software calculate fast determine heavy hook from free releasing to the optimal time point of braking, the value of damping force and transfer total duration; Described computing formula comprises equation

8. equation is $\frac{{\mathrm{dv}}_2}{\mathrm{dt}}=g-\frac{F+T}{m}-\frac{k}{m}{v_2}^2;$

9. equation is $\underset{0}{\overset{t_1}{\∫}}{v}_1\mathrm{dt}+\underset{t_1}{\overset{t_2}{\∫}}{v}_2\mathrm{dt}=H;$

In formula: m attaches most importance to hook quality, and v is falling speed, v ₁for the speed before braking, v ₂for the speed after braking, g is acceleration of gravity, and t is fall time, t ₁the rear optimal time point starting to brake transferred by hook of attaching most importance to, t ₂hook of attaching most importance to falls T.T., and k is mud ratio of damping, and F is buoyancy, and T is damping force, and H is drilling depth.

2. the control method of a kind of heavy hook free-falling optimal brake time point according to claim 1, is characterized in that: the control flow of the heavy hook free-falling of described establishment is in a computer: first preset heavy hook in a program and to fall total duration t ₃for 1000s; Cycle index is n, if initial value is n=0; Be equipped with dynamic time point initial value t ₁=0s;

Judge whether cycle index n is less than the most long circulating number of times set in program, if not, then end loop;

If so, the whereabouts T.T. t meeting equation calculating 7., 8. and 9. is then exported ₂;

Judge the whereabouts T.T. t calculated ₂whether numerical value is greater than the numerical value of cycle index n, if not, then and end loop;

If so, the whereabouts T.T. t calculated then is judged ₂whether be less than and preset total duration t ₃, if not, then cycle index n adds 1 and again circulates;

If so, then the whereabouts T.T. t calculated ₂be assigned to and preset total duration t ₃, the numerical value of cycle index n is assigned to optimal brake time point t ₁, then cycle index n adds 1 and again circulates; Final display optimal brake time point t ₁.

3. the control method of a kind of heavy hook free-falling optimal brake time point according to claim 1, it is characterized in that: described computer process software determines the size starting the damping force of braking, the damping force that computing machine is determined should be turned down a little in actual brake operating, to guarantee that heavy hook safely dropping is to shaft bottom.