CN103322919A - Grating ruler and method for finding null position of grating ruler quickly - Google Patents
Grating ruler and method for finding null position of grating ruler quickly Download PDFInfo
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- CN103322919A CN103322919A CN2013102007123A CN201310200712A CN103322919A CN 103322919 A CN103322919 A CN 103322919A CN 2013102007123 A CN2013102007123 A CN 2013102007123A CN 201310200712 A CN201310200712 A CN 201310200712A CN 103322919 A CN103322919 A CN 103322919A
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Abstract
The invention discloses a grating ruler and a method for finding a null position of the grating ruler quickly. The grating ruler comprises a main ruler assembly, a movable reading part, an installation base and a photoelectric ranging assembly, wherein the system null position and a plurality of reference positions are arranged on the main ruler assembly, the movable reading part is arranged on one side of the main ruler assembly and comprises a support and a reader, and the photoelectric ranging assembly comprises a photoelectric sensor and a reflecting part used for enabling light emitted by the photoelectric sensor to return. According to the grating ruler and the method for finding the null position of the grating ruler quickly, due to the fact that the reference positions are evenly arranged on the main ruler assembly at intervals, the position, relative to the main ruler assembly, of the movable reading part is measured by means of the photoelectric sensor and the reflecting part in a matching mode, the distance between the movable reading part and a reference position closest to the movable reading part is calculated through comparison, the reference position returns by being moved by a corresponding distance, the system null position is found, and the purpose of finding the null position quickly is achieved. Compared with the traditional Heidenhain distance code, the grating ruler has the advantages of being simpler in structure, and capable of effectively reducing manufacturing difficulty and reducing manufacturing cost.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to the grating scale art, refer in particular to the method for a kind of grating scale and quick small change position thereof.
Background technology
Grating scale displacement transducer (abbreviation grating scale) is the measurement feedback assembly that utilizes the optical principle work of grating.The grating scale displacement transducer often is applied to lathe and the aspects such as present machining center and surveying instrument, can be used as the detection of straight-line displacement or angular displacement.Its signal of measuring output is digit pulse, has sensing range large, and accuracy of detection is high, the characteristics of fast response time.For example, in numerically-controlled machine, be usually used in the coordinate of cutter and workpiece is detected, observe and follow the tracks of the feed error, with the effect of the kinematic error that plays a compensation cutter.
At present, most grating scale only has a zero-bit, when this kind grating scale is applied on large-scale board or the instrument, in start, need to expends the plenty of time and go to seek zero-bit and make zero, thereby bring very large inconvenience to use.
Although, have on the market at present a kind of Heidenhain distance codes, be provided with a plurality of zero-bits on the main scale of this kind distance codes, yet, be provided with a scale between adjacent two zero-bits on this main scale, so that formed the unequal RI of multistage distance at main scale, so that it is structurally comparatively special, thereby so that the manufacture difficulty of this kind distance codes and cost are all higher; And this kind Heidenhain distance codes is when making zero, and maximum demand is walked the spacing of 2 RI, and is same so that the small change position is comparatively consuming time.
Summary of the invention
In view of this, the present invention is directed to the disappearance of prior art existence, its fundamental purpose provides the method for a kind of grating scale and quick small change position thereof, and it can effectively solve existing grating scale manufacture difficulty and the problem that cost is high and the small change position is comparatively consuming time.
For achieving the above object, the present invention adopts following technical scheme:
A kind of grating scale includes main scale assembly, mobile reading parts, is used for the mount pad of fixing main scale assembly and for the electro-optical distance measurement assembly of measuring the relative main scale module position of mobile reading parts; Be provided with the reference point position of system's zero-bit and a plurality of intervals equal distribution on this main scale assembly; This moves the reading parts, and to be arranged at the side of main scale assembly other and can move around along the length direction of main scale assembly, and this moves the reading parts and includes support and be arranged at reader on the support; The reflection part that this electro-optical distance measurement assembly includes photoelectric sensor and returns for the light that sends that makes photoelectric sensor.
As a kind of preferred version, described photoelectric sensor is arranged on support or the reader, and this reflection part is arranged on the mount pad accordingly.
As a kind of preferred version, the two ends of described support are provided with an aforementioned photoelectric sensor, and the two ends of this mount pad are provided with an aforementioned reflection part accordingly.
As a kind of preferred version, the two ends of described reader are provided with an aforementioned photoelectric sensor, and the two ends of this mount pad are provided with an aforementioned reflection part accordingly.
As a kind of preferred version, described reflection part is arranged on support or the reader, and this photoelectric sensor is arranged on the mount pad accordingly.
As a kind of preferred version, the two ends of described support are provided with an aforementioned reflection part, and the two ends of this mount pad are provided with an aforementioned photoelectric sensor accordingly.
As a kind of preferred version, the two ends of described reader are provided with an aforementioned reflection part, and the two ends of this mount pad are provided with an aforementioned photoelectric sensor accordingly.
The method of the quick small change of a kind of grating scale position may further comprise the steps:
(1) selects the main scale assembly: the reference point position that is provided with system's zero-bit and a plurality of intervals equal distribution on this main scale assembly;
Position when (2) measuring mobile reading part stationary: utilize the light that photoelectric sensor sends and cooperate reflection part with light reflection and meter is calculated the position of the relative main scale assembly of mobile reading parts and is designated as m, this position m is positioned at reference point position R
xAnd R
X+1Between;
(3) calculate distance: calculate position m and reference point position R
xBetween apart from d
1And position m and reference point position R
X+1Between apart from d
2
(4) distance relatively: compare d
1With d
2Size, if d
1Less than d
2, towards reference point position R
xMobile d
1If distance and return the reference point position is d
1Greater than d
2, towards reference point position R
X+1Mobile d
2If distance and return the reference point position is d
1Equal d
2Towards reference point position R
xOr R
X+1A recurrence wherein reference point position all can;
(5) calculate the zero-bit R of system according to the reference point position that returns
0The position get final product.
As a kind of preferred version, in abovementioned steps (2), utilize two photoelectric sensors and two reflection parts to measure two distance values, and judge between these two distance values and two photoelectric sensors apart from the numerical value that obtains after the addition whether with two reflection parts between actual range equate; If equate, show not have barrier between photoelectric sensor and the reflection part, can use the distance value of aforementioned measurement to carry out subsequent calculations relatively; If unequal, show between photoelectric sensor and the reflection part to have barrier, can not use the distance value of aforementioned measurement to carry out subsequent calculations relatively.
The present invention compared with prior art has obvious advantage and beneficial effect, particularly, and as shown from the above technical solution:
One, is provided with equably a plurality of reference point position by interval on the main scale assembly, cooperating utilizes photoelectric sensor and reflection part to measure the relative main scale module position of mobile reading parts, and calculating compares the distance between the nearest reference point of the mobile reading parts position, mobile corresponding distance returns the reference point position again, and then calculate and find out the system zero bit position, realize the purpose of quick small change position, the present invention compares with traditional Heidenhain distance codes, structure is simpler, effectively reduce manufacture difficulty, and reduce cost of manufacture.
Two, by being provided with two photoelectric sensors, corresponding each photoelectric sensor is provided with a reflection part, with this, when measuring distance, can check between each photoelectric sensor and the corresponding reflection part and whether have barrier, truly errorless to guarantee the distance of measuring between photoelectric sensor and the reflection part, for subsequent calculations relatively and accurately finds zero-bit that effective guarantee is provided.
For more clearly setting forth architectural feature of the present invention and effect, the present invention is described in detail below in conjunction with accompanying drawing and specific embodiment.
Description of drawings
Fig. 1 is the structural representation of the first preferred embodiment of the present invention;
Fig. 2 is the structural representation of the second preferred embodiment of the present invention;
Fig. 3 is the structural representation of the present invention's the 3rd preferred embodiment;
Fig. 4 is the structural representation of the present invention's the 4th preferred embodiment.
The accompanying drawing identifier declaration:
10, main scale assembly 20, mobile reading parts
21, support 22, reader
30, mount pad 40, electro-optical distance measurement assembly
41, photoelectric sensor 42, reflection part.
Embodiment
Please refer to shown in Figure 1ly, the concrete structure that it has demonstrated the first preferred embodiment of the present invention includes main scale assembly 10, mobile reading parts 20, mount pad 30 and electro-optical distance measurement assembly 40.
Wherein, be provided with the zero-bit R of system on this main scale assembly 10
0And the reference point position of a plurality of intervals equal distribution, those reference point positions are respectively R
1, R
2, R
3
This moves reading parts 20, and to be arranged at the side of main scale assembly 10 other and can move around along the length direction of main scale assembly 10, and this moves reading parts 20 and includes support 21 and be arranged at reader 22 on the support 21.
This mount pad 30 is used for fixedly main scale assembly 10.
This electro-optical distance measurement assembly 40 is used for measuring mobile reading parts 20 relative main scale assemblies 10 positions, the reflection part 42 that this electro-optical distance measurement assembly 40 includes photoelectric sensor 41 and returns for the light that sends that makes photoelectric sensor 41.In the present embodiment, this photoelectric sensor 41 is arranged on the reader 22, this reflection part 42 is arranged on the mount pad 30 accordingly, and, the two ends of this reader 22 are provided with an aforementioned photoelectric sensor 41, distance between this two reader 22 is fixing and known, and the two ends of this mount pad 30 are provided with an aforementioned reflection part 42 accordingly, and the distance between this two reflection part 42 is fixing and known equally.
The method of the quick small change of the present embodiment position is described in detail in detail, may further comprise the steps:
(1) selects main scale assembly 10: must be provided with the zero-bit R of system on this main scale assembly 10
0And a plurality of intervals are every the reference point position of equal distribution, and they are respectively R
1, R
2, R
3, the distance between adjacent two reference point positions is d
r
(2) measure mobile reading parts 20 position when static: utilize the light that photoelectric sensor 41 sends and cooperate reflection part 42 with light reflection and meter is calculated the position of mobile reading parts 20 relative main scale assemblies 10 and is designated as m, this position m is positioned at reference point position R
xAnd R
X+1Between, wherein x can be 0, and when x was 0, this first reference point position overlapped with the system zero-bit, and the m of this moment is positioned at the zero-bit R of system
0With reference point position R
1Between.Say for example, as shown in Figure 1, by photoelectric sensor 41 and reflection part 42 can directly measure photoelectric sensor 41 between the reflection part 42 apart from d, because reflection part 42 is to be fixed on the mount pad 30, so the R at zero point of system of these reflection part 42 relative main scale assemblies 10
0Between be fixing known apart from a, and owing to photoelectric sensor 41 is fixed on the reader 22, so the distance between the scales also is fixing known in the middle of this photoelectric sensor 41 and the reader 22, so, can calculate position m, this position m is positioned at reference point position R
3With reference point position R
4Between.
(3) calculate distance: calculate position m and reference point position R
xBetween apart from d
1And position m and reference point position R
X+1Between apart from d
2In the present embodiment namely, calculate m and reference point position R
3Between distance be designated as d
1And position m and reference point position R
4Between distance be designated as d
2
(4) distance relatively: compare d
1With d
2Size, if d
1Less than d
2, towards reference point position R
xMobile d
1If distance and return the reference point position is d
1Greater than d
2, towards reference point position R
X+1Mobile d
2If distance and return the reference point position is d
1Equal d
2Towards reference point position R
xOr R
X+1Returning one of them reference point position all can.
(5) calculate the zero-bit R of system according to the reference point position that returns
0The position get final product.
And, in abovementioned steps (2), also can utilize two photoelectric sensors 41 and two reflection parts 42 to measure two distance value L
1And L
2, owing to two photoelectric sensors 41 all are fixed on the reader 22, so the distance L between this two photoelectric sensor 41
3Fixing known, and because two reflection parts 42 are to be fixed on the mount pad 30, so the distance L between this two reflection part 42 is fixing known; Then judge this two distance value L
1, L
2And the distance L between two photoelectric sensors
3The numerical value that obtains after the addition whether with two reflection parts 42 between actual range L equate; If equate, show between photoelectric sensor 41 and the reflection part 42 not have barrier, can use the distance value L of aforementioned measurement
1And L
2Carry out subsequent calculations relatively, wherein this distance value L
1D equates with afore-mentioned distance; If unequal, show between photoelectric sensor 41 and the reflection part 42 to have barrier, can not use the distance value L of aforementioned measurement
1And L
2Carry out subsequent calculations relatively.
Please refer to shown in Figure 2ly, it has demonstrated the concrete structure of the second preferred embodiment of the present invention, and the concrete structure of the concrete structure of the present embodiment and aforementioned the first preferred embodiment is basic identical, and its difference is:
This photoelectric sensor 41 is arranged on the support 21, this reflection part 42 is arranged on the mount pad 30 accordingly, this photoelectric sensor 41 and corresponding reflection part 42 over against, and the two ends of this support 21 are provided with an aforementioned photoelectric sensor 41, and the two ends of this mount pad 30 are provided with an aforementioned reflection part 42 accordingly.
The small change method for position of the present embodiment and the small change method for position of aforementioned the first preferred embodiment are basic identical, are not described in detail at this small change method for position to the present embodiment.
Please refer to shown in Figure 3ly, it has demonstrated the concrete structure of the present invention's the 3rd preferred embodiment, and the concrete structure of the concrete structure of the present embodiment and aforementioned the first preferred embodiment is basic identical, and its difference is:
This photoelectric sensor 41 is arranged on the mount pad 30, this reflection part 42 is arranged on the support 21 accordingly, this photoelectric sensor 41 and corresponding reflection part 42 over against, and the two ends of this mount pad 30 are provided with an aforementioned photoelectric sensor 41, and the two ends of this support 21 are provided with an aforementioned reflection part 42 accordingly.
The small change method for position of the present embodiment and the small change method for position of aforementioned the first preferred embodiment are basic identical, are not described in detail at this small change method for position to the present embodiment.
Please refer to shown in Figure 4ly, it has demonstrated the concrete structure of the present invention's the 4th preferred embodiment, and the concrete structure of the concrete structure of the present embodiment and aforementioned the first preferred embodiment is basic identical, and its difference is:
This photoelectric sensor 41 is arranged on the mount pad 30, this reflection part 42 is arranged on the reader 22 accordingly, this photoelectric sensor 41 and corresponding reflection part 42 over against, and the two ends of this mount pad 30 are provided with an aforementioned photoelectric sensor 41, and the two ends of this reader 22 are provided with an aforementioned reflection part 42 accordingly.
The small change method for position of the present embodiment and the small change method for position of aforementioned the first preferred embodiment are basic identical, are not described in detail at this small change method for position to the present embodiment.
Design focal point of the present invention is: at first, be provided with equably a plurality of reference point position by interval on the main scale assembly, cooperating utilizes photoelectric sensor and reflection part to measure the relative main scale module position of mobile reading parts, and calculating compares the distance between the nearest reference point of the mobile reading parts position, mobile corresponding distance returns the reference point position again, and then calculate and find out the system zero bit position, realize the purpose of quick small change position, the present invention compares with traditional Heidenhain distance codes, structure is simpler, effectively reduce manufacture difficulty, and reduce cost of manufacture.Secondly, by being provided with two photoelectric sensors, corresponding each photoelectric sensor is provided with a reflection part, with this, when measuring distance, can check between each photoelectric sensor and the corresponding reflection part whether have barrier, truly errorless to guarantee the distance of measuring between photoelectric sensor and the reflection part, for subsequent calculations relatively and accurately finds zero-bit that effective guarantee is provided.
The above, it only is preferred embodiment of the present invention, be not that technical scope of the present invention is imposed any restrictions, therefore every foundation technical spirit of the present invention all still belongs in the scope of technical solution of the present invention any trickle modification, equivalent variations and modification that above embodiment does.
Claims (9)
1. grating scale is characterized in that: include main scale assembly, mobile reading parts, be used for the mount pad of fixing main scale assembly and for the electro-optical distance measurement assembly of measuring the relative main scale module position of mobile reading parts; Be provided with the reference point position of system's zero-bit and a plurality of intervals equal distribution on this main scale assembly; This moves the reading parts, and to be arranged at the side of main scale assembly other and can move around along the length direction of main scale assembly, and this moves the reading parts and includes support and be arranged at reader on the support; The reflection part that this electro-optical distance measurement assembly includes photoelectric sensor and returns for the light that sends that makes photoelectric sensor.
2. grating scale according to claim 1, it is characterized in that: described photoelectric sensor is arranged on support or the reader, and this reflection part is arranged on the mount pad accordingly.
3. grating scale according to claim 1, it is characterized in that: the two ends of described support are provided with an aforementioned photoelectric sensor, and the two ends of this mount pad are provided with an aforementioned reflection part accordingly.
4. grating scale according to claim 1, it is characterized in that: the two ends of described reader are provided with an aforementioned photoelectric sensor, and the two ends of this mount pad are provided with an aforementioned reflection part accordingly.
5. grating scale according to claim 1, it is characterized in that: described reflection part is arranged on support or the reader, and this photoelectric sensor is arranged on the mount pad accordingly.
6. grating scale according to claim 1, it is characterized in that: the two ends of described support are provided with an aforementioned reflection part, and the two ends of this mount pad are provided with an aforementioned photoelectric sensor accordingly.
7. grating scale according to claim 1, it is characterized in that: the two ends of described reader are provided with an aforementioned reflection part, and the two ends of this mount pad are provided with an aforementioned photoelectric sensor accordingly.
8. the method for the quick small change of a grating scale position is characterized in that: may further comprise the steps:
(1) selects the main scale assembly: the reference point position that is provided with system's zero-bit and a plurality of intervals equal distribution on this main scale assembly;
Position when (2) measuring mobile reading part stationary: utilize the light that photoelectric sensor sends and cooperate reflection part with light reflection and meter is calculated the position of the relative main scale assembly of mobile reading parts and is designated as m, this position m is positioned at reference point position R
xAnd R
X+1Between;
(3) calculate distance: calculate position m and reference point position R
xBetween apart from d
1And position m and reference point position R
X+1Between apart from d
2
(4) distance relatively: compare d
1With d
2Size, if d
1Less than d
2, towards reference point position R
xMobile d
1If distance and return the reference point position is d
1Greater than d
2, towards reference point position R
X+1Mobile d
2If distance and return the reference point position is d
1Equal d
2Towards reference point position R
xOr R
X+1A recurrence wherein reference point position all can;
(5) calculate the zero-bit R of system according to the reference point position that returns
0The position get final product.
9. the method for the quick small change of grating scale according to claim 8 position, it is characterized in that: in abovementioned steps (2), utilize two photoelectric sensors and two reflection parts to measure two distance values, and judge between these two distance values and two photoelectric sensors apart from the numerical value that obtains after the addition whether with two reflection parts between actual range equate; If equate, show not have barrier between photoelectric sensor and the reflection part, can use the distance value of aforementioned measurement to carry out subsequent calculations relatively; If unequal, show between photoelectric sensor and the reflection part to have barrier, can not use the distance value of aforementioned measurement to carry out subsequent calculations relatively.
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| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN201310200712.3A CN103322919B (en) | 2013-05-27 | 2013-05-27 | The method of grating chi and fast small change position |
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| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN201310200712.3A CN103322919B (en) | 2013-05-27 | 2013-05-27 | The method of grating chi and fast small change position |
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| Publication Number | Publication Date |
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| CN103322919A true CN103322919A (en) | 2013-09-25 |
| CN103322919B CN103322919B (en) | 2016-06-01 |
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Cited By (4)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN104697426A (en) * | 2013-12-10 | 2015-06-10 | 中国航空工业第六一八研究所 | Method for automatically searching zero position of displacement sensor |
| CN105890913A (en) * | 2016-05-30 | 2016-08-24 | 清华大学苏州汽车研究院（相城） | Stroke-variable trolley return photoelectric detection mechanism and collision simulation trolley device |
| CN106441097A (en) * | 2016-09-22 | 2017-02-22 | 广东万濠精密仪器股份有限公司 | Absolute grating scale |
| CN112318204A (en) * | 2020-09-17 | 2021-02-05 | 珠海格力电器股份有限公司 | Machine tool mechanical zero point searching device and method and machine tool |
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Cited By (5)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN104697426A (en) * | 2013-12-10 | 2015-06-10 | 中国航空工业第六一八研究所 | Method for automatically searching zero position of displacement sensor |
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| CN105890913A (en) * | 2016-05-30 | 2016-08-24 | 清华大学苏州汽车研究院（相城） | Stroke-variable trolley return photoelectric detection mechanism and collision simulation trolley device |
| CN106441097A (en) * | 2016-09-22 | 2017-02-22 | 广东万濠精密仪器股份有限公司 | Absolute grating scale |
| CN112318204A (en) * | 2020-09-17 | 2021-02-05 | 珠海格力电器股份有限公司 | Machine tool mechanical zero point searching device and method and machine tool |
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|---|---|
| CN103322919B (en) | 2016-06-01 |
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