CN103320214A - Low-temperature camellia seed oil cold-pressing process - Google Patents

Abstract

The invention relates to a low-temperature camellia seed oil cold-pressing process. The process comprises the main steps: warehousing and checking camellia seeds, cleaning and removing impurities, drying and controlling moisture, vibrating and discharging, warming the seeds and shelling, buffering and temporarily storing, pressing, settling and filtering. The process is characterized in that 1, the moisture is controlled, and the steps of flat-plate drying, storage bin ventilating, steam hot-blast stove moisture drying and cooling and storing are combined; 2, seed warming and shelling are carried out; 3, buffering and temporary storing are carried out, the seeds drop from the storage tank by vibrating during pressing; and 4,pre-pressing and pre-squeezing are carried out. The process is high in mechanical automation degree, the camellia seeds in different moisture contents can be dried and subjected to quality guarantee, and packaging and pouring after drying are not required when the seeds are stored for a long time after drying or are continuously squeezed after drying. Meanwhile, the problem that the kernel rate in the shells is extremely high after shelling is solved, the quality in the total process is well controlled, the process is simple and convenient to operate, and the oil extraction rate and the camellia seed oil quality are improved. The manual packaging and discharging cost is saved by 40 RMB for each ton of camellia seeds. The yield of the camellia seed oil in a two-screw unit is increased from the original 15 tons per day to over 30 tons per day, and the residual oil is reduced from the original 10-12 percent to 7-9 percent.

Description

A kind of camellia seed oil low-temperature cold pressing technique

 

Technical field

The present invention relates to camellia seed oil low-temperature cold pressing technique.

Background technology

Camellia seed oil is the high-grade edible grease that processes from the seed tea seed of Theaceae vegetables oil tea tree.Conventional oil-tea camellia seed hot moulding technique is because the benevolence shell makes the oil of squeezing contain a large amount of low molecule Carbonyl compounds, thermopolymerization compound, carcinogenic substance benzo (a) pyrene, pigment through high temperature high-moisture steaming stir-fry, compare through the duplex low-temperature cold pressing with the modified rear tea seed of peeling off, the squeezing crude quality is relatively poor.In recent years, camellia seed oil processing development is rapid, and low-temperature cold-squeezing reaches its maturity.But the preconditioning technique equipment of tea seed before low-temperature cold pressing cuts both ways, and mostly can not satisfy the needs of large scale continuous prod, the needs of can not satisfy timely purchase, in time drying, in time cooling off, in time store can not satisfy the needs that the front modified requirement of duplex low-temperature cold pressing and flow equalization enter to press.Retrieve Chinese Patent Literatures, patent No. ZL200610031452.1 discloses a kind of physical low-temperature cold-squeezing process for tea-seed oil, and this process using is dried, broken shell, low-temperature storage after-ripening, select seed, the separation of clearing up, peel off, roll embryo, cold press, multi-filtering, adsorption bleaching and make processed oil.This processing method is simple and easy to do, and expressing process is not lost the fragrance of nutritive ingredient, active substance and the tea oil in the oil itself; Refining process does not produce secondary pollution; The camellia seed oil quality is better than GB11765-2003 one-level pressed tea seed oil standard.But the drying process of this technique has only adopted and has dried, ted the ladle-to-ladle workload of dress bag large, labour cost is high, and drying is not killed enzyme sterilization cooling and is stored temperature adjustment, during long storage time dhdps enzyme and microbial process can cause become sour rotten, unstable without the modifier treatment of moisture temperature and balancing flow control oil yield before the cold press.Production cost and yield rate are all undesirable.The Hu Jianhua of Wuhan University of Technology, the people such as how to conquer east are published in " Chinese oil " 2009vol.34No.1pg16's " the pure natural tea-seed oil is produced in the shelling cold press " literary composition, and the shelling cold-squeezing is elaborated.Because tea seed is stored up with processing and often do not carried out simultaneously, often causing that tea seed goes mouldy when storing becomes sour rottenly, and article has also proposed selected tea seed, and safety is stored up guaranteeing to process the importance of high quality oils tea-seed oil.There is following problem in tea seed in the low-temperature cold pressing process:

1. high-moisture tea seed particle is larger, and the short time high temperature heating can destroy the activeconstituents of tea seed, need to be equipped with larger heat transfer area during the low-temperature heat oven dry.Although and dry material quality favourablely, be subject to the restriction of weather, wet weather can not in time dry and be easy to go mouldy continuously, needs the threshing ground area large, repeatedly teds dress bag human cost large, is unfavorable for the large production of mass-producing.

2. behind the tea seed heating, drying, if not just dress bag or stacking of effective cooling can cause that tea seed is cold outside and hot inside, moisture content heat energy continues to distribute to crust, easily causes heating moldy metamorphism phenomenon.

After the oven dry directly dress bag stack, manually again blanking before the squeezing, many together dress bags-pile bag-ladle-to-ladle process cause the increase of human cost.

4. tea seed siccative normal temperature is peeled off, because camellia seed kernel is hard frangible, easily causes rate of kernel in hull too high.

On the separate unit duplex cold pressing expeller storaging bucket volume can not play the buffering stablize into the press for extracting juice needs.The storaging bucket charging can cause the frequent flash of storaging bucket during greater than the crusher feeding capacity, makes former process be forced to anxious stopping, and modified effect is very unstable so that oven dry is peeled off; Otherwise the too little meeting of feed causes often empty material of storaging bucket, so that duplex crusher fracture falls to press, affects oil yield.

Summary of the invention

The purpose of this invention is to provide a kind of camellia seed oil low-temperature cold pressing technique, solve large quantities of processing problems of storing up the high-moisture tea seed, solving uneven traffic affects the effect of peeling off, enters to press temperature, enters to press the stable problem of moisture and inlet amount, improves quality and the yield of cold press crude oil.

Technical scheme of the present invention is: camellia seed oil low-temperature cold pressing technique, comprise the tea seed ware-house-in inspection, and the cleaning impurity elimination, oven dry, Vibrated baiting, warm seed are peeled off, squeezing, sedimentation are filtered, and have also adopted following technique and control method in the low-temperature cold pressing process:

A, regulation and control moisture;

Each storage bin volume that tea seed after the cleaning impurity elimination enters is 15 ~ 20m3, and the material stock height is avoided affecting ventilated because the high tea seed of bed of material high-moisture flattens caking below 5 meters; The import and export of each feed bin are connected with horizontal scraper conveyor; The cold and hot vent-pipe of processing through the steam heat wind furnace is inserted at each feed bin cone end, and the ventilation hole of vent-pipe is opened below feed bin; At 12% logical hot-air seasoning when above, adopt the steam heat wind furnace to heat through the chemical examination moisture content, avoid flue dust to the pollution of tea seed; Tea seed to water content 9 ~ 12%, changes the cooling drying of blowing a cold wind over to water content 7% ~ 9% through hot-air seasoning;

B, warm seed are peeled off;

Regulate and control the tea seed behind the moisture, peeled off front with plate dryer heating tea seed to 40 ~ 50 ℃, used again the broken shell of stone roller formula peeler part; Rate of hull in kernel contains benevolence below 0.5% in the shell between 10 ~ 30%;

C, buffering are kept in;

The tea seed that the warm seed of part is peeled off with enter the temporary tank of buffering after the tea seed that warm seed is not peeled off mixes, regulate the blanking plate of temporary pot bottom, control tea seed blanking flow, assurance feeding hopper material level is relatively constant;

D, precompressed are pressed in advance;

Utilize two forced feed helical feed augers that tea seed is carried out precompressed and press in advance, 90% just oil expression is discharged in first segment pressing screw end draining hole and first and second joint pressing screw slit; Oil outlet temperature is lower than 60 ℃, goes out the cake temperature less than 100 ℃.

Positively effect of the present invention is: the present invention is dried owing to employing is dull and stereotyped and storage bin ventilates, steam hot wind bake oven solid carbon dioxide divides combines with cooling off storage, and vibrations blanking, warm seed are peeled off and pressed in advance, keep in the methods such as tank buffer feeding.Can dry guarantees the quality processes the tea seed of different water cut, no matter dries the rear continuously squeezing of rear long-time storage or oven dry and produces, and all need not to dry rear dress bag ladle-to-ladle; Solved simultaneously and contained the higher problem of benevolence in the operation shell of peeling off, can be according to oil length and the moisture of tea seed before entering to press, stably adjust flexibly rate of hull in kernel and inlet amount, full technological process quality is better controlled, the mechanical automation degree is high, adaptability and continuous throughput are strong, simple to operation, have improved production efficiency, oil yield and tea oil quality.Guaranteed to enter to press the accurate control of moisture, tea seed per ton is saved 40 yuan of people's frock bag blanking expenses.Improve operation rate, the duplex single machine yield was brought up to more than 30 tons by 15 tons of original every days, and the cake Residual oil reduces to 7～9% by original 10～12%.

Description of drawings

Fig. 1 is process flow diagram of the present invention.

Embodiment

Camellia seed oil low-temperature cold pressing technique, master operation are the tea seed ware-house-in inspections, the cleaning impurity elimination, and that oven dry control moisture, Vibrated baiting, warm seed are peeled off, cushioned is temporary, squeezing, sedimentation are filtered.Innovation one of the present invention is the regulation and control moisture, the 2nd, and warm seed is peeled off; The 3rd, buffering is temporary, shakes blanking from storage tank during squeezing, and the 4th, precompressed is pressed in advance; Specific operation process is as follows:

1. ware-house-in inspection (2)

The tea seed of large quantities of purchases (1) warehouse-in index is, dried seed oil length 24%～40%, moisture 6% ~ 20%, impurity＜3%, mould variability＜2%, acid value＜2mg/g, and could the put of qualified divides to pile to stow in block and carry out quality identification; Do not reach warehouse-in and require then to reject (3).

2. cleaning impurity elimination (4)

According to the high first processing principle of moisture, tea seed cleaning impurity elimination is to go stone, wind-force dedusting with magnetic separator magnetic separation, vibratory screening, proportion during pre-treatment.

3. preliminary oven dry (5)

Dry most of moisture with plate dryer, the temperature baking is 20～40 minutes more than 70 ℃.

4. regulation and control moisture

Tea seed enters each Storage Silo, and each feed bin volume is 15 ~ 20m3, and the material stock height is avoided affecting ventilating permeability effect because the high hot tea seed of bed of material high-moisture flattens caking below 5 meters.Each feed bin is imported and exported with horizontal scraper conveyor series connection.Insert the cold and hot vent-pipe of processing through steam heat wind furnace (8) and regulate the moisture temperature at each feed bin cone end, and the ventilation hole of vent-pipe is opened below feed bin.Behind chemical examination moisture, determine whether to continue logical hot-air seasoning, water ratio〉12% logical hot-air seasoning, adopt steam heat wind furnace (8) heating, avoid flue dust to the pollution of tea seed.

5. cooling

Behind water ratio 9% ~ 12% (7), changing blows a cold wind over drains continuing to be dispersed into surperficial moisture in the tea seed tea seed through hot-air seasoning.The cold wind cooling drying is to room temperature, and water ratio is 7% ~ 9% (9).

6. Vibrated baiting (10)

At bin bottom a vibrating motor is installed, tea seed is balanced blanking under the control that can regulate the blanking plate, ensures that the supply of next procedure tea seed is stable.

7. warm seed peel off (11)

Peeling off frontly is heated to 40 ~ 50 ℃ with plate dryer with tea seed, adopts the broken shell of stone roller formula peeler part again, and soft camellia seed kernel has guaranteed to peel off and contained shell 10 ~ 30% in the benevolence after heating, contains benevolence in the shell below 0.5%.

8. buffering is kept in (12)

The press for extracting juice gun pressure power of double spiral squeezer is higher, and tea seed is through the front warm seed (30 ~ 40 ℃) of squeezing, and plasticity-is better, does not need fragmentation to roll embryo and just can enter to press.Tea seed enters the temporary tank of buffering of a 3m3 before entering to press, and can alleviate the too small deficiency of feeding hopper on the double spiral squeezer of purchasing.The tea seed of peeling off through the warm seed of part is kept in tank with the buffering that enters 3m3 after the tea seed that warm seed is not peeled off mixes; regulate the balanced blanking plate of temporary tank below; control tea seed blanking flow; guarantee that the feeding hopper material level is relatively constant, minimizing affects technological effect because of former process startup-shutdown frequent operation.

9. squeezing (13)

Tea seed behind the warm seed slightly just can be fuel-displaced through extruding, and two forced feed helical feed of this technology utilization auger can carry out precompressed to tea seed and press in advance, and 90% just oil expression is discharged in first segment pressing screw end draining hole and first and second joint pressing screw slit.A large amount of oil outlet temperatures are lower than 60 ℃, go out the cake temperature less than 100 ℃, realize the low temperature pressing of real meaning.

10. (14) are filtered in sedimentation

The squeezing crude oil filters through filter and obtains the less crude oil of impurity after three natural subsidence of clear oil sump, is convenient to storage, the reprocessing of crude oil.

Claims (1)

1. camellia seed oil low-temperature cold pressing technique, comprise tea seed (1) ware-house-in inspection (2), cleaning impurity elimination (4), oven dry (5), (14) are filtered in Vibrated baiting (10), peel off (11), squeezing (13), sedimentation, and it is characterized in that: the low-temperature cold pressing process has also adopted following technique and control method:

A, regulation and control moisture;

Each storage bin volume that tea seed after the cleaning impurity elimination (4) enters is 15 ~ 20m3, and the material stock height is below 5 meters, and the import and export of each feed bin are connected with horizontal scraper conveyor; The cold and hot vent-pipe of processing through steam heat wind furnace (8) is inserted at each feed bin cone end, and the ventilation hole of vent-pipe is opened below feed bin; Through chemical examination tea seed moisture content〉logical hot-air seasoning 12% (6) time, adopt steam heat wind furnace (8) heating; Tea seed to water content 9 ~ 12%, changes the cooling drying of blowing a cold wind over to water content 7% ~ 9% through hot-air seasoning;

B, warm seed peel off (11);

Regulate and control the tea seed behind the moisture, peeled off front with plate dryer heating tea seed to 40 ~ 50 ℃, used again the broken shell of stone roller formula peeler part; Rate of hull in kernel contains benevolence below 0.5% in the shell between 10 ~ 30%;

C, buffering temporary (12);

The tea seed that the warm seed of part is peeled off with enter the temporary tank of buffering after the tea seed that warm seed is not peeled off mixes, regulate the blanking plate of temporary pot bottom, control tea seed blanking flow, assurance feeding hopper material level is relatively constant;

D, precompressed are pressed in advance;

Utilize two forced feed helical feed augers that tea seed is carried out precompressed and press in advance, 90% just oil expression is discharged in first segment pressing screw end draining hole and first and second joint pressing screw slit; Oil outlet temperature is lower than 60 ℃, goes out the cake temperature less than 100 ℃.

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