CN103308663A - Geotechnical engineering landslide model test box - Google Patents
Geotechnical engineering landslide model test box Download PDFInfo
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- CN103308663A CN103308663A CN2013101749446A CN201310174944A CN103308663A CN 103308663 A CN103308663 A CN 103308663A CN 2013101749446 A CN2013101749446 A CN 2013101749446A CN 201310174944 A CN201310174944 A CN 201310174944A CN 103308663 A CN103308663 A CN 103308663A
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Abstract
The invention relates to a geotechnical engineering landslide model test box which overcomes the defects that the landslide model test wastes time and energy in the prior art. The geotechnical engineering landslide model test box comprises a box body, wherein the box body is basically a cuboid; an inclined plane is arranged on the inner sides of the two opposite side faces with the maximum areas of the cuboid; the inclined plane is perpendicular to the two side faces, and divides an inner space of the cuboid into an upper part and a lower part; and the shape of the inclined plane is similar to that of a slide face simulated by a geotechnical engineering landslide model test. According to the geotechnical engineering landslide model test box, the inclined plane is arranged in the test box, and divides the inner space of the box body into the upper part and the lower part, namely a part above the inclined plane and a part below the inclined plane; the shape of the inclined plane is similar to that of the slide face simulated by the geotechnical engineering landslide model test; when the geotechnical engineering landslide model test is performed, the part below the inclined plane does not need to be filled with a model material; and therefore, the filling quantity of the model material is reduced greatly, and manpower and financial resources are saved.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to Geotechnical Engineering Landslide Model experimental technique, particularly a kind of Geotechnical Engineering Landslide Model chamber.
Background technology
Indoor layer during similar model test is ground slope works problem research method commonly used, because the major parameter of subjects can arrange flexibly according to the research needs, outstanding leading factor, the size that studies a question dwindled plurality of advantages such as saving manpower and material resources than prototype, be to have the very important method that acts in the slope works research always.In the ramp structure shown in Figure 1, usually this slope 11 is divided into gliding mass 12, sliding surface 13 and sliding bed 14 on the engineering.In the sliding process on slope 11, normally gliding mass 12 slides along sliding surface 13, and the sliding bed 14 of sliding surface part below 13 does not participate in sliding.In the slope works layer during similar model test, the transversal section of sliding surface can be simulated with one section broken line usually, and such as the broken line ABCD among Fig. 1, namely the shape of sliding surface 13 can be simulated by the inclined-plane that consists of that links to each other, the plane different with length, several angles of inclination.The slope works layer during similar model test adopts Geotechnical Engineering landslide chamber as shown in Figure 2 to carry out simulation test usually.This chamber becomes rectangular shape basically, and casing 10 is connected into framework by steel welding usually, then inlays the baffle plates such as plank, fiberboard at framework and consists of.Casing places smooth firm cement flooring, and ground is exactly the bottom surface of casing, and its relative face is end face, is generally Open architecture, is convenient to filling mould shaped material (such as rock-soil material, sandstone material etc.).For the ease of observing, casing front surface A ODQ and back side EPFR(are generally the side of two area maximums of rectangular parallelepiped, are also referred to as forward and backward face) adopt transparent material to do baffle plate.In the slope works layer during similar model test of prior art, above-mentioned test model case exists major defect to be, one, the cast material that fills in the test model case upwards fills the slope position of test design usually from the bottom of the case, be almost completely to fill cast material in the casing, the part below 11 of slope as shown in Figure 3 all need to be filled cast material.Like this, every battery of tests of doing all will upwards fill model basically from the bottom of the case, can cause the test period longer, consumes more manpower, financial resources.Especially large-scale slope works, its model test box size is generally larger, and the time of testing in this case cost is longer, and the human, financial, and material resources power of consumption is just more.Its two, sliding surface (or be called sliding band) shape realizes its geometric properties by filling sliding bed, and is just definite when filling model, and is difficult to change again, if will change, need to again fill model.In fact, in the failure mechanism of stability of research slope works, in order to prove absolutely problem, usually to relate to the comparative analysis of many group slip surface shapes, like this, sliding bed even whole model just need to heavily be filled out or adjust to slip surface shape of every change, causes equally length and experimentation cost increase of test period.Therefore, the slope works layer during similar model test of prior art, test is wasted time and energy, when especially needing to carry out many group tests more very.
Summary of the invention
Technical matters to be solved by this invention, it is exactly the shortcoming for above-mentioned prior art, traditional Geotechnical Engineering landslide chamber is improved, so that the cycle of this type of test reduces, cost, and make chamber have stronger applicability, can be widely used in the dissimilar slope works model test.
The present invention solve the technical problem, the technical scheme that adopts is, the chamber of Geotechnical Engineering Landslide Model, comprise casing, described casing becomes rectangular parallelepiped basically, it is characterized in that, the inboard, side of two area maximums that described rectangular parallelepiped is relative is provided with the inclined-plane vertical with these two faces described rectangular parallelepiped inner space is divided into upper and lower two parts, and described inclined plane shape is similar to the slip surface shape of Geotechnical Engineering Landslide Model test simulation.
Geotechnical Engineering Landslide Model of the present invention chamber, (common front that is called rectangular parallelepiped, side in two area maximums of casing, a back side that is called rectangular parallelepiped) inboard is provided with and these two inclined-planes that face is vertical, and the rectangular parallelepiped inner space is divided into up and down two parts---the above part in inclined-plane and the following part in inclined-plane.This inclined plane shape is similar to the slip surface shape of Geotechnical Engineering Landslide Model test simulation, when carrying out the test of Geotechnical Engineering Landslide Model, because the following part Rock And Soil of sliding surface does not participate in sliding, so the following part in inclined-plane does not need the filling mould shaped material, greatly reduce the loadings of cast material, saved manpower and financial resources.
Preferably, described inclined-plane is connected and composed by 2 above planes.
According to the result of study that sloping body is slided, the sliding surface of DIFFERENT SOIL structure, different geometric shapes, its transversal section can be simulated with the multistage broken line, that is to say and to connect to simulate slip surface shape with the plane of varying number, the plane quantity that connects is more, it is more accurate to simulate, and usually adopts 2～4 planes to couple together and just can simulate more accurately most of slip surface shapes.
Further, described flat inclination and length are adjustable.
Different slip surface shapes can be simulated with length by the angle of inclination of adjusting each plane in a plurality of planes of simulation sliding surface, can carry out very easily the comparative analysis of many group sliding surface forms, to adapt to the simulation test of different sliding surfaces.
Further, have at least a side that transparent glass window is installed in the side of described two area maximums relatively.
Transparent glass window, eaily viewing test mesoslope body deformability evolution are installed in front and/or the back side in chamber.
Further, the framework that is made of shaped steel of described casing and the baffle plate that is installed on the described framework consist of.
Adopt shaped steel welding, riveted joint etc. to consist of framework, and at framework baffle plate being installed, to consist of chamber be method relatively more commonly used in the practice, be fit to very much carry out the simulation test research of coming down of large-scale Geotechnical Engineering.The baffle plate here is transparency glass plate and hardwood plate or hard fiber board, and what wherein install on the side of two area maximums is transparency glass plate, forms transparent glass window by it.
Transparency glass plate adopts the method for bolt riveted joint to install.Glass plate on front, the back side all adopts the method for bolt riveted joint to install, can carry out targetedly installation or removal according to the size of the sloping body Model of reality, especially in the zone near box top, so that can simulating the sloping body of differing heights easily, same chamber tests.
Concrete, described shaped steel is channel-section steel and/or angle steel.
Channel-section steel and angle steel all are to use very general structured material on the engineering, adopt channel-section steel and the angle steel of different model, can consist of the chamber of all size, have and draw materials conveniently the advantage that cost is low.
Be provided with the slit of assigning hardwood plate or hard fiber board between the angle steel that casing four ribs are erect and end face, the bottom surface transverse channel steels, i.e. slot.So that assign for gear native hardwood plate or hard fiber board.Like this, can in banketing process, sloping body Model according to the needs of the actual depth of fill, breast boards be installed in time, to make things convenient for banket operation and observe model from the casing side at any time and fill situation of model.
The side of two area maximums that further, described rectangular parallelepiped is relative is provided with the shaped steel that is arranged symmetrically with.
Side in two relative area maximums of rectangular parallelepiped arranges the shaped steel that is arranged symmetrically with, and makes things convenient for the install and adjust inclined plane shape.Particularly when consisting of the chamber framework, just be arranged symmetrically with shaped steel at two relative faces of rectangular parallelepiped, so that the symmetrical shaped steel that is used for supporting oblique surface of installing of segmentation on these two faces, by angle of inclination and the length of adjusting each segment type steel, can in a big way, adjust inclined plane shape, reach the effect of the different slip surface shapes of simulation.
Concrete, described inclined-plane is made of the dividing plate that is embedded between the shaped steel that is arranged symmetrically with.
Making up first the supporting construction on inclined-plane with shaped steel, then consist of a sliding bed inclined-plane, top at shaped steel riveted joint dividing plate, is the scheme of simulation slip surface shape a kind of simple in structure, easy to adjust, has very strong practicality.
More specifically, described dividing plate is hardwood plate or hard fiber board, and and supports between its shaped steel and adopt the bolt riveted joint.
Dividing plate adopts hardwood plate or hard fiber board, so as with the shaped steel that supports it between easily adopt the mode of bolt riveted joint to be connected, for convenience detach with install.
The invention has the beneficial effects as follows, each test all only needs partly to fill simulation material more than the dividing plate inclined-plane, saves a large amount of human and material resources and financial resources, and the test operation process is more simple.Further adopt the adjustable ramp structure, can adjust flexibly the simulation slip surface shape according to the test design needs, to simulate different test types or operating condition of test, greatly improved the scope of application of chamber.The framed structure that adopts channel-section steel and angle steel to be welded into, and the bottom surface do not establish steel plate, and the model casing overall weight is reduced largely.Adopt clear glass, so that wholely fill process and the test operation process all has good visuality, be convenient to intuitively fully understand model slope body deformability feature.This model test box of the present invention has that sliding surface form (comprising position and inclination angle) can be adjusted flexibly, structure is light-duty, fill fast characteristics, has preferably Technological Economy comprehensive benefit.
Description of drawings
Fig. 1 is the landslide sectional schematic diagram;
Fig. 2 is prior art chamber structural representation;
Fig. 3 is that the simulation material schematic diagram is filled in the prior art chamber;
Fig. 4 is the chamber structural representation of the embodiment of the invention 1;
Fig. 5 is the chamber of the embodiment of the invention 1 simulation schematic diagram that bankets;
Fig. 6 is the chamber structural representation of embodiment 2;
Fig. 7 is the vertical view of Fig. 6;
Fig. 8 is the left view of Fig. 6;
Fig. 9 is chamber manufacturing process schematic diagram.
Among the figure: the 1-transparent toughened glass; 2-erects channel-section steel; 3-erects angle steel; The 4-bolt hole; The oblique angle steel of 5-; The 6-transverse channel steels; Connect channel-section steel in the middle of the 7-; The 8-end connects channel-section steel; 9-side direction baffle plate; The 10-casing; The 11-slope; 12-gliding mass; 13-inclined-plane, sliding surface; The sliding bed of 14-; The 30-slot; The riveting point of 100-sliding bed dividing plate and oblique angle steel; The sliding bed of 110-dividing plate.
Embodiment
Below in conjunction with drawings and Examples, describe technical scheme of the present invention in detail.
This routine Geotechnical Engineering Landslide Model chamber, casing 10 structures become rectangular parallelepiped as shown in Figure 4 basically.The side of two area maximums that rectangular parallelepiped is relative, front surface A ODQ and EPFR inboard, the back side are provided with inclined-plane 13, shown in ABCDHGFE among Fig. 4, inclined-plane 13 is divided into up and down two parts with rectangular parallelepiped 10 inner spaces, inclined-plane 13 is vertical with back side EPFR with rectangular parallelepiped 10 front surface A ODQ, and the shape on inclined-plane 13 is similar to Geotechnical Engineering Landslide Model test simulation slip surface shape.
As seen from Figure 4, inclined-plane 13 is connected and composed by plane ABFE, plane BCGF and plane CDHG, and this three dimensions has same widths, and namely the length of the line segment AE among Fig. 4 is determined by the body structure size.Change plane ABFE, plane BCGF and CDHG angle of inclination, plane (such as the α among Fig. 4) and length (such as the length of the AB among Fig. 4, BC and CD) and can adjust the shape on inclined-plane 13, simulate different sliding surfaces.
This routine Geotechnical Engineering Landslide Model chamber, carrying out Geotechnical Engineering landslide simulation test when filling cast material, part below 13 does not need to fill cast material on the sliding bed inclined-plane, top of simulation, only 13 upper parts fill cast material and get final product on the inclined-plane, greatly reduce the amount of filling, save a large amount of manpowers, financial resources and material resources.For the test of the different slip surface shapes of simulation, as long as it is just passable, very convenient and practical to change plane ABFE, plane BCGF and CDHG angle of inclination, plane and length.
For the ease of observing the sliding condition of cast material, at front surface A ODQ and/or the back side EPFR transparent glass window is installed, can directly select the making such as transparent material such as tempered glass.
The framework that this routine Geotechnical Engineering Landslide Model chamber, casing 10 are made of shaped steel and the baffle plate that is installed on the described framework consist of, referring to Fig. 6, Fig. 7 and Fig. 8.
Be arranged on the setting angle steel 3 of rectangular parallelepiped four ribs and the setting channel-section steel 2 of each side and weld the framework that consists of casings 10, at forward and backward (casing 10 long side directions) transparent tempered glass 1 is installed, the left and right side is reserving slot 30 with angle-bar joint when the welding channel-section steel, in slot 30, according to the height piecemeal of casing 10 pluggable side direction baffle plate 9 is installed, not baffled between the channel-section steel of end face, casing 10 bottom surfaces place on the smooth hard cement flooring.Can be found out by Fig. 6 and Fig. 7, the setting channel-section steel 2 of casing 10 front and back sides is arranged symmetrically with, in casing 10 inboards, on the channel-section steel of the diverse location of leading flank and trailing flank, be spaced in intervals bolt hole (or rivet hole) 4 is set, front and back sides is symmetrical arranged, position according to bolt hole 4, three sections oblique angle steel 5 are fixed by bolts on leading flank and the trailing flank, make oblique angle steel 5 leading flanks and trailing flank also in a symmetrical arrangement, as supporting, the sliding bed of the inclined-plane 13(simulation top sliding surface that dividing plate consists of casing 10 is installed thereon with this oblique angle steel 5 again), as shown in phantom in Figure 6.Like this, by adjusting the installation site of oblique angle steel 5, just can change slip surface shape.Because what the slope model test was mainly paid close attention to is the behavioural characteristic of gliding mass and sliding band, thereby the adjustable transparent ramp model test box of this sliding surface, when analog ramp, not mold filling shaped material of bed dividing plate downside can slided, and only fill at the dividing plate upside, to realize preferably the function of the sliding band of only simulation and gliding mass; Simultaneously, because the oblique angle steel 5 of front and back sides adopts bolt to be connected with casing shaped steel, thereby can carry out the link position adjustment according to actual needs, to realize the sliding surface of simulation different shape.Therefore, adopt this model test box, can simulate neatly the slope of different sliding surface forms, owing to need not fill sliding bed, thereby the cast material that each test need to be filled also greatly reduces.
This routine chamber method for making namely progressively realizes to (i) from (a) as shown in Figure 9 in turn.
1) choose suitable place, according to the model casing bed-plate dimension of actual design, smooth location also adopts the portland cement that is not less than No. 325 to build, and carries out the operation of welding model cabinet frame after reaching curing cycle in this place;
2) two transverse channel steels 6(are not less than No. 10) weld with therebetween the channel- section steel 7,8 that is connected, formation model case bottom surface, each channel-section steel is opening down, shown in (a) among Fig. 9;
3) in the bottom surface four of two channel-section steels 6 jiaos, weld respectively an angle steel 3, angle steel 3 is kept upright, and slit 30 width that reserve between angle steel and the channel-section steel are 15mm, shown in (b) among Fig. 9;
4) with the welded top of other two transverse channel steels 6 with upright angle steel 3, then between two channel-section steels, be welded to connect channel- section steel 7,8, formation model case end face, each channel-section steel is opening up, shown in (c) among Fig. 9;
5) will erect channel-section steel 2 and be welded on respectively on the transverse channel steels 6, forward and backward of the formation model case respectively, each erects the channel-section steel opening towards the casing outside, and shown in (d) among Fig. 9, so far, the main body frame of model casing is just finished;
6) on each erects channel-section steel 2, axially be complementary every 30～40cm(and tempered glass height along web) at the rivet hole 4 that to make a call to respectively a diameter from channel airfoil plate clear distance 10mm place be 5mm, for assigning plain bolt with support tempered glass; Make a call to a rivet hole every 15cm by the design aperture along the web axis, be used for the angle steel of assigning high-strength bolt to arrange to rivet oblique angle steel 5(vergence direction), shown in (e) among Fig. 9;
7) according to being actually used in the position, hole that tempered glass is installed, the size of every block of glass of accurate measuring, and definite amount of glass, until customized purchase corresponding glass after, erect between the channel-section steels 2 and erect between channel-section steel 2 and the angle steel 3 the support transparent toughened glass is installed take plain bolt as bearing respectively at adjacent two of forward and backward of model casing, mounting glass from top to bottom, concrete reference position is determined according to actual tests model slope position, shown in (f) among Fig. 9;
8) adopt high-strength bolt to rivet oblique three sections angle steel 5 in the inboard of the setting channel-section steel 2 of forward and backward of model casing according to the design position of slip surface, at least two riveting points on every section angle steel, adjacent two angle-bar joints need to carry out the excision of overlapping wing plate part in advance, to guarantee that compatibility connects between two angle steel, shown in (g) among Fig. 9;
9) take oblique angle steel 5 as bearing, with the equal plank of the appropriate sliding bed of dividing plate 110(simulation top sliding surface of length, width and the thickness made in advance) be riveted on respectively on the oblique angle steel 5 of each section, rivet hole diameter 5mm, the riveted joint of employing plain bolt, rivet with dividing plate 110 at least two riveting points 100 on every section angle steel, lay along angle steel 5 axis directions are symmetrical riveting point 100, shown in (h) among Fig. 9;
The gear building plate 9 of the appropriate size that 10) will tailor in advance inserts in the model casing side slot 30, in time inserts next piece gear building plate 9 according to the variation of filled height, shown in (i) among Fig. 9.
Claims (10)
1. Geotechnical Engineering Landslide Model chamber, comprise casing, described casing becomes rectangular parallelepiped basically, it is characterized in that, the inboard, side of two area maximums that described rectangular parallelepiped is relative is provided with the inclined-plane vertical with these two faces described rectangular parallelepiped inner space is divided into upper and lower two parts, and described inclined plane shape is similar to the slip surface shape of Geotechnical Engineering Landslide Model test simulation.
2. Geotechnical Engineering Landslide Model according to claim 1 chamber is characterized in that, described inclined-plane is connected and composed by 2 above planes.
3. Geotechnical Engineering Landslide Model according to claim 2 chamber is characterized in that described flat inclination and length are adjustable.
4. Geotechnical Engineering Landslide Model according to claim 1 chamber is characterized in that, has at least a side that transparent glass window is installed in the side of described two area maximums relatively.
5. the chamber of the described Geotechnical Engineering Landslide Model of any one is characterized in that according to claim 1～4, and the framework that described casing is made of shaped steel and the baffle plate that is installed on the described framework consist of.
6. Geotechnical Engineering Landslide Model according to claim 5 chamber is characterized in that, described shaped steel is channel-section steel and/or angle steel.
7. Geotechnical Engineering Landslide Model according to claim 6 chamber is characterized in that, described baffle plate is transparency glass plate and hardwood plate or hard fiber board, and what wherein install on the side of two area maximums is transparency glass plate, forms transparent glass window.
8. Geotechnical Engineering Landslide Model according to claim 5 chamber is characterized in that, the side of two area maximums that described rectangular parallelepiped is relative has been arranged symmetrically with shaped steel.
9. Geotechnical Engineering Landslide Model according to claim 8 chamber is characterized in that described inclined-plane is made of the dividing plate that is embedded between the shaped steel that is arranged symmetrically with.
10. Geotechnical Engineering Landslide Model according to claim 9 chamber is characterized in that, described dividing plate is hardwood plate or hard fiber board.
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| CN103616493A (en) * | 2013-11-29 | 2014-03-05 | 三峡大学 | Three-dimensional artificial rainfall reservoir type landslide physical model testing equipment |
| CN104807976A (en) * | 2015-05-12 | 2015-07-29 | 北京师范大学 | Landslide geotechnical model test device |
| CN103675238B (en) * | 2013-12-27 | 2016-04-13 | 成都理工大学 | Multifunctional rainfall landslide laboratory testing rig |
| CN105510100A (en) * | 2016-01-26 | 2016-04-20 | 长安大学 | Device used for manufacturing indoor slope model |
| CN106198076A (en) * | 2016-07-05 | 2016-12-07 | 林永芳 | Geotechnical Engineering large stereo comprehensive simulation test platform |
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| CN103616493B (en) * | 2013-11-29 | 2015-10-21 | 三峡大学 | A kind of three-dimensional artificial rainfall reservoir landslide physical experiments equipment |
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| CN106198339A (en) * | 2015-05-29 | 2016-12-07 | 长沙理工大学 | A kind of covering layer slope seepage flow characteristics considering rainfall infiltration and stability model |
| CN105510100A (en) * | 2016-01-26 | 2016-04-20 | 长安大学 | Device used for manufacturing indoor slope model |
| CN105510100B (en) * | 2016-01-26 | 2018-02-27 | 长安大学 | A kind of device for side slope model in make-up room |
| CN106198076A (en) * | 2016-07-05 | 2016-12-07 | 林永芳 | Geotechnical Engineering large stereo comprehensive simulation test platform |
| CN107102118B (en) * | 2017-05-16 | 2019-08-23 | 华北水利水电大学 | The model test apparatus of real-time measurement traction landslide slopes ess-strain |
| CN107102118A (en) * | 2017-05-16 | 2017-08-29 | 华北水利水电大学 | The model test apparatus of real-time measurement traction landslide slopes ess-strain |
| CN107247128A (en) * | 2017-05-16 | 2017-10-13 | 华北水利水电大学 | The model test apparatus of retrogressive landslide sliding process under real-time measurement condition of raining |
| CN107247128B (en) * | 2017-05-16 | 2020-08-14 | 华北水利水电大学 | Model test device for measuring traction type landslide sliding process under rainfall condition in real time |
| CN108037249A (en) * | 2017-12-29 | 2018-05-15 | 长江大学 | Deep-water Sediments System forming simulator |
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| CN110736820A (en) * | 2019-10-29 | 2020-01-31 | 中国石油大学(华东) | Model test device of landslide area pipeline safety |
| CN110736821A (en) * | 2019-10-29 | 2020-01-31 | 中国石油大学(华东) | Model test device of landslide area pipeline safety based on gravity loading material |
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