CN103307787B - The eccentric heat-tube vacuum solar energy heat collector of boosting decompression empty sun protection - Google Patents
The eccentric heat-tube vacuum solar energy heat collector of boosting decompression empty sun protection Download PDFInfo
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- CN103307787B CN103307787B CN201310139242.4A CN201310139242A CN103307787B CN 103307787 B CN103307787 B CN 103307787B CN 201310139242 A CN201310139242 A CN 201310139242A CN 103307787 B CN103307787 B CN 103307787B
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- 230000037072 sun protection Effects 0.000 title claims abstract description 57
- 230000006837 decompression Effects 0.000 title claims abstract description 21
- XEEYBQQBJWHFJM-UHFFFAOYSA-N Iron Chemical compound [Fe] XEEYBQQBJWHFJM-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims abstract description 62
- 239000011521 glass Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 58
- 229910000831 Steel Inorganic materials 0.000 claims abstract description 56
- 239000010959 steel Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 56
- 239000006059 cover glass Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 46
- 229910052742 iron Inorganic materials 0.000 claims abstract description 31
- XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N water Substances O XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims abstract description 24
- 230000005540 biological transmission Effects 0.000 claims abstract description 14
- 238000005452 bending Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 11
- 239000000203 mixture Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 3
- 239000007788 liquid Substances 0.000 claims description 74
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- 239000003507 refrigerant Substances 0.000 claims description 15
- 230000005484 gravity Effects 0.000 claims description 7
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- 239000000853 adhesive Substances 0.000 claims description 3
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- 238000005086 pumping Methods 0.000 claims description 3
- 238000007789 sealing Methods 0.000 claims description 3
- 230000006855 networking Effects 0.000 claims description 2
- 230000003203 everyday effect Effects 0.000 abstract description 2
- 238000007605 air drying Methods 0.000 description 20
- 238000010438 heat treatment Methods 0.000 description 6
- 230000000875 corresponding effect Effects 0.000 description 5
- 230000005514 two-phase flow Effects 0.000 description 5
- 229920006395 saturated elastomer Polymers 0.000 description 4
- 239000006096 absorbing agent Substances 0.000 description 3
- 230000008901 benefit Effects 0.000 description 3
- 230000007246 mechanism Effects 0.000 description 3
- 230000002463 transducing effect Effects 0.000 description 3
- 241000937378 Everettia interior Species 0.000 description 2
- 230000009471 action Effects 0.000 description 2
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- 238000009834 vaporization Methods 0.000 description 2
- 230000008016 vaporization Effects 0.000 description 2
- 238000013022 venting Methods 0.000 description 2
- RIRXDDRGHVUXNJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N [Cu].[P] Chemical compound [Cu].[P] RIRXDDRGHVUXNJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 238000010521 absorption reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000004458 analytical method Methods 0.000 description 1
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- 239000002384 drinking water standard Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000000694 effects Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000005516 engineering process Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000001704 evaporation Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000008020 evaporation Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000002349 favourable effect Effects 0.000 description 1
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- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02B—CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES RELATED TO BUILDINGS, e.g. HOUSING, HOUSE APPLIANCES OR RELATED END-USER APPLICATIONS
- Y02B10/00—Integration of renewable energy sources in buildings
- Y02B10/20—Solar thermal
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- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02E—REDUCTION OF GREENHOUSE GAS [GHG] EMISSIONS, RELATED TO ENERGY GENERATION, TRANSMISSION OR DISTRIBUTION
- Y02E10/00—Energy generation through renewable energy sources
- Y02E10/40—Solar thermal energy, e.g. solar towers
- Y02E10/44—Heat exchange systems
Abstract
The eccentric heat-tube vacuum solar energy heat collector of boosting decompression empty sun protection, is made up of the eccentric heat-tube vacuum heat collecting element of boosting decompression empty sun protection and adiabatic water tank; Boosting decompression empty sun protection eccentric heat-tube vacuum heat collecting element bending eccentric all-glass vacuum heat collector tube element and the boosting empty sun protection device composition be placed in its tail end vacuum heat-insulating layer, boosting empty sun protection device connects heat straight-tube by boosting thermodynamic-driven device low thermal resistance and forms, it is characterized in that heat straight-tube and heat pipe hot junction bottom end adopt one-dimensional movement auxiliary structure low thermal resistance to be connected, Telescopic movable, its outer end shape and cover glass tube tail end inner surface match; Thermal sensitive permanent magnetic steel driving element comprises thermal sensitive permanent magnetic steel and soft iron; Soft iron is in transmission connection heat straight-tube; Heat pipe contains short cylinder liquid-sucking core.The present invention adopt small-power empty sun protection device just can ensure inside heat pipe water vapor pressure is no more than 2 atmospheric pressure, heat pipe can be foreshortened to 20 minutes from 140 minutes start-up time in the winter time, every day many thermal-arrests 1 hour.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to the eccentric heat-tube vacuum solar energy heat collector of boosting decompression empty sun protection.
Background technology
Vacuum heat collection pipe arranges vacuum heat-insulating layer between its cover glass tube and inner glass tube, can manufacture the vacuum solar water heater that winter also can provide domestic hot-water.With the solar water heater of heat-pipe vacuum heat collecting pipe manufacture have more anhydrous Energy Efficiency Ratio in pipe high, meet safe drinking water standard, single tube damages the advantage such as in the same old way to work.Therefore.In pipe, anhydrous solar energy evacuated water-both with hot pipe will likely capture the increasing market share.
Adopt integrated glass heat pipe to have can to melt with cover glass tube seal, glass heat pipe surperficial can directly make absorbing film heat transfer link few, the splendid water of thermophysical property can be adopted to make the advantages such as working medium.
But during air drying, heat collecting element inside heat pipe temperature can reach 230 DEG C, saturated vapor pressure corresponding to this temperature is 28.53 atmospheric pressure, and ratio and the working medium volumetric ratio of corresponding working medium filling weight and heat pipe volume are 1.1%, and namely every 1 liter capacity has 11 ml waters.
The pressure of inside heat pipe when can reduce air drying by reducing working medium filling weight, for device of working medium: when working medium filling weight/heat pipe volume rate is reduced to 2 milliliters/1000 milliliters from 0.5% when 5 milliliters/1000 milliliters 0.2%, correspondingly its highest saturated vapor pressure is reduced to about 3.7 atmospheric pressure of 140 DEG C from about 10 atmospheric pressure of 180 DEG C, and when inside heat pipe continues to be warming up to 180 DEG C from 140 DEG C about 3.7 atmospheric most high-vapor-pressures, internal pressure only has 4 atm higher.But working medium filling weight can not only decide with internal pressure during air drying sometimes.For a working medium filling weight/heat pipe volume rate be 0.2%, the heat pipe of internal capacity 1000 milliliters, length 2000 millimeters, if be no more than 4 atmospheric pressure, then working medium filling weight about 1.8 milliliters in order to internal pressure when making air drying 230 DEG C.Even if problem is described heat pipe is light-pipe structure, when tilting about 45 degree of work, the condensed water of cold junction, the circulating water in hot junction add that the water yield 0.353 milliliter of sum of 85 DEG C of water vapours can far more than 1.8 milliliters.
Normally work to meet heat pipe and make working medium filling weight/heat pipe volume rate be greater than 0.2% even 0.3%, and guarantee glass heat pipe not because air drying and bombing, empty sun protection measure must be taked.
Chinese invention patent 2009101951003 anti-air drying all-glass vacuum heat collector tube element; disclose a kind of empty sun protection all-glass vacuum heat collector tube element; form by arranging controlled heat transfer path between vacuum heat collection element absorber and cover glass-tube; controlled heat transfer path is made up of movable heat transfer piece and actuator, it is characterized in that the heating power transducing actuator containing being connected with vacuum heat collection element absorber low thermal resistance.Because this patent is not special in gravity assisted heat pipe heat collecting element, thus specific aim is not strong; The uniformity of the original product of bimetal leaf heating power transducing actuator that it adopts is just bad, after repeatedly temperature distortion, restorable ability can reduce again, 20 year projected life that operating point setting, control variables that its control system born is correlated with input, compare, transducing and Power supply and n-back test far can not normally effectively work because precision is affected heat collecting element is possible.
Fig. 2 provides the light-pipe structure gravity assisted heat pipe structural representation of a tiltably-mounted.
In Fig. 2, heat pipe 1 is made up of shell and internal working medium.Its operation principle is: heat energy hot junction from below namely side by side inwards arrows place input, the working medium at heat pipe 1 inner bottom place is heated vaporization, steam is under the effect of pressure reduction, upwards advance to heat pipe cold junction and arrow side by side outwards marked position release heat energy and be supplied to load and be condensed into liquid and be back to cold junction below under gravity, again to be heated vaporization in hot junction working medium ..., constantly circulation realizes two phase flow heat transfer circulation thus.Heat pipe has excellent heat-transfer capability, heat flow density ability to transform and isothermal characteristics.If heat pipe 1 hot junction inputs 100 watts, then the output of its cold junction is the highest can reach 97 watts even higher.
If attempt only to input heat energy from below to the heat pipe 1 of Fig. 2, and do not take heat energy away, then heat pipe 1 steam inside pressure can sharply rise.If heat pipe 1 adopts water as working medium and abundant, then, when heat pipe 1 temperature reaches 230 DEG C, inner maximum pressure can reach 28.53 atmospheric pressure.
If attempt the heating from taking out heat energy a little more than heat pipe 1 bottom local a section of whole heat pipe 1 length 3% of accounting for for example from bottom comprehensively from top to bottom of the heat pipe 1 of Fig. 2 below, namely only make bottom account for the position of heat pipe 1 total length 3% forward simultaneously as overlapping cold junction, then the vapour pressure of heat pipe 1 inside can drop to the saturated vapor pressure corresponding with the temperature of cold junction below.When for example using water as working medium, keep the temperature 100 DEG C of overlapping cold junction below heat pipe 1, even if then other parts are heated to 230 DEG C above, because the liquid refrigerant of heat pipe 1 inside is all collected in described overlapping cold junction, heat pipe 1 hot junction above except described overlapping cold junction is whole dry owing to not having working medium to supplement, and two phase flow heat transfer mechanism has not existed.The steam pressure of heat pipe 1 inside is also only had an appointment 1 atmospheric pressure.
An example of overlapping cold junction be thermotube wall with absorbing film, absorb sunshine and input as heat energy, connect described thermotube wall with Thermal Conduction Equipment low thermal resistance and by heat energy transfer simultaneously.
This make that heat pipe 1 is in tilted layout, heat energy inputs above heat pipe 1 and only with below a bit of design as overlapping cold junction perhaps there is no what meaning in other occasions, but for the empty sun protection of solar collection element, because only need minimum a part of heat radiation power---when this part heat radiation power is used for guaranteeing that air drying occurs, the peak that empty sun protection device starts the initial stage inside heat pipe vapour pressure worked is no more than setting value; This part heat radiation power is also greater than the heat energy input power of described overlapping cold junction as hot junction---thus have radiating element volume compact, dependable performance, heat radiation power little, on the venting of vacuum heat-insulating layer less, on absorber to block impact little and heat collecting element tail end can be utilized as the advantage of heat dissipation interface.
Can see, the heat radiation power required for less, the described empty sun protection device of the area of overlapping cold junction is also less, more favourable.Actual heat collecting element needs the device of tail box and so on to settle.Tail box can hide the tail end of heat collecting element.Overlapping cold junction is not belonged to by the part that tail box hides.Why also can use overlapping cold junction; be because some heat collecting element empty sun protection device be relatively applicable to being installed on vacuum heat-insulating layer drum-shaped section or; heat collection element cover glass pipe is with necking segment and be adopt to assemble inner glass tube after necking segment is formed, and then draws tail pipe to be called for short the technique of post-tensioning tail pipe to cover glass tube circle envelope.If the round end-blocking that post-tensioning tail pipe technique is formed is not suitable for heat radiation, just needs utilization is dispelled the heat from described round end-blocking cover glass tube drum-shaped section up.The heat pipe corresponding with described drum-shaped section or inner glass tube end section belong to overlapping cold junction.
China's 912050845 utility model electric cooker automatic magnetic temperature detect switch (TDS)s, describe one and utilize pyromagnetic force inverting element operation principle.
Summary of the invention
The object of the invention is to provide boosting decompression empty sun protection eccentric heat-tube vacuum solar energy heat collector.
The present invention solves the technical scheme of its technical problem: with the eccentric heat-tube vacuum heat collecting element of boosting decompression empty sun protection, adiabatic water tank or connection collection box, tail box, support and auxiliary, forms an eccentric heat-tube vacuum solar energy heat collector of boosting decompression empty sun protection.The eccentric heat-tube vacuum heat collecting element of boosting decompression empty sun protection eccentric heat-tube vacuum heat collecting element bending and the boosting empty sun protection device composition be placed in described heat collecting element tail end vacuum heat-insulating layer.The eccentric heat-tube vacuum heat collecting element of bending to be drawn the curved inner glass tube that outer straight section, eccentric straight section and outer straight changeover portion form by one, and the cover glass tube nested arrangement sealing-in of sealing with one end circle is made.The necking down port sealing-in extension of outer straight section and cover glass tube is as heat pipe cold junction, and the glass shell heat pipe of a bending is made in the sealed-off of curved inner glass tube inner vacuum pumping loading working medium.The eccentric straight section of curved inner glass tube and the outer surface in glass heat pipe hot junction are manufactured with absorbing film; The cover glass tube inner surface Magnetron Sputtered Al Film of about 180 degree of angle of circumference scopes makes semicircle minute surface; Eccentric straight section gos deep into cover glass tube inside; Eccentric straight section with absorbing film is connected with semicircle minute surface optically focused.Described heat collecting element is vertical or tilt to install, and described heat pipe relies on gravity work.Described empty sun protection device is passed hot linked boosting thermodynamic-driven device by one and described heat pipe hot junction, to be in transmission connection or the heat straight-tube integrally manufactured with boosting thermodynamic-driven device forms with boosting thermodynamic-driven device, and described empty sun protection device has two kinds of stable states: heat straight-tube stretches out unlatching heat conduction state when heat transfer connects cover glass tube tail end; The closedown adiabatci condition that heat straight-tube retraction is not conducted heat when connecting cover glass tube tail end.Heat straight-tube and heat pipe hot junction bottom end adopt one-dimensional movement auxiliary structure low thermal resistance to be connected; Or heat straight-tube and a heat sink adopt one-dimensional movement auxiliary structure low thermal resistance to be connected, and described heat sink is connected with heat pipe hot junction bottom end low thermal resistance; Heat straight-tube can move forward and backward along heat collecting element direction of axis line; Outer end shape and the cover glass tube tail end inner surface of heat straight-tube match.
Described boosting thermodynamic-driven device comprise thermal sensitive permanent magnetic steel soft iron drive to bimetal leaf boosting parts; Thermal sensitive permanent magnetic steel soft iron drives comprising one piece of thermal sensitive permanent magnetic steel and one block of soft iron; Thermal sensitive permanent magnetic steel is connected with inner glass tube or heat pipe hot junction low thermal resistance by one piece of thermal conductance; Above thermal sensitive permanent magnetic steel, shadow shield is set; Soft iron is tied and can does along the movable of heat collecting element direction of axis line and be in transmission connection by transmission steel wire and heat straight-tube; Described thermal sensitive permanent magnetic steel soft iron drive to containing and the linkage interface of bimetal leaf boosting parts; Described bimetal leaf boosting parts from loss of excitation state to the temperature-fall period having magnetic state to change in thermal sensitive permanent magnetic steel, produce deformation and help to promote the driving of thermal sensitive permanent magnetic steel soft iron to adhesive.Tail box hides described heat collecting element afterbody.
In inside, described glass heat pipe hot junction containing annular liquid storage tank working medium sticking interception device, annular liquid storage tank contains storage liquid space; Annular liquid storage tank be greater than that 40 millimeters are less than glass heat pipe hot junction total length from the spacing distance of glass heat pipe bottom 20%; And annular liquid storage tank is greater than 20 millimeters from the average vertical spacing distance of solar collection element tail end getter minute surface upper edge hole;
Or contain short cylinder liquid-sucking core working medium sticking interception device in described glass heat pipe hot junction inner bottom, short cylinder liquid-sucking core is along the circumferential layout of heat pipe inner wall; Short cylinder liquid-sucking core is less than 20% of heat pipe hot junction total length from the spacing distance of heat pipe bottom; The length of described short cylinder liquid-sucking core is no more than 90 millimeters;
Or, the thin capillary liquid suction core working medium sticking interception device in inside, described glass heat pipe hot junction containing a width 2 to 30 millimeters, the length of described thin capillary liquid suction core is 10 to 50% of heat pipe hot end length; The lower end of thin capillary liquid suction core is 0 to 200 millimeter from the distance of heat pipe bottom; The area of thin capillary liquid suction core is less than 5% of described heat pipe hot junction inner wall area; Containing peephole or mark on heat collecting element;
Or the slim capillary liquid suction core net working medium sticking interception device be made up of the thin capillary liquid suction core of some width 2 to 10 millimeters containing in inside, described glass heat pipe hot junction, the area of slim capillary liquid suction core net is less than 5% of described heat pipe hot junction inner wall area.
Bottom inside curved inner glass tube can also be made to contain straight section and interior straight changeover portion in one section, and heat straight-tube changes into and adopts one-dimensional movement auxiliary structure low thermal resistance to be connected with interior straight section; Or heat straight-tube and a heat sink adopt one-dimensional movement auxiliary structure low thermal resistance to be connected, and described heat sink is connected with interior straight section low thermal resistance.
Described cover glass tube tail end inner surface low thermal resistance can also be made to connect a heat radiation paster; The heat transfer conditions of heat radiation paster and heat straight-tube changes according to the state of thermodynamic-driven device and changes.
Heat straight-tube can also be made to contain one section of extension diameter section, and the shape of the outer end of extension diameter section and the shape of cover glass tube tail end inner surface match.
Described thermodynamic-driven device can also be made to be the thermal sensitive permanent magnetic steel driving element be made up of one piece of thermal sensitive permanent magnetic steel and one block of soft iron; Thermal sensitive permanent magnetic steel is connected with heat pipe hot junction low thermal resistance by one piece of thermal conductance; Soft iron is tied and can moves forward and backward along heat collecting element direction of axis line and be in transmission connection by transmission steel wire and heat straight-tube.
The thin capillary liquid suction core ring that described slim capillary liquid suction core net can also be made to be connected with glass heat pipe inwall concentric fit by several is formed.
Can also make: outside sunshine exposure 700 ± 50 watts/square metre, described glass heat pipe cold junction water temperature 40 ± 5 DEG C, heat collecting element axial line be north-south be in tilted layout and the angle of its axial line and incident sunlight within the scope of 90 ± 20 ° under condition: described annular liquid storage tank or described short cylinder liquid-sucking core or described thin capillary liquid suction core or described slim capillary liquid suction core net hold 25% of quality≤its maximum liquid refrigerant volume of holding of liquid refrigerant;
Or, described annular liquid storage tank or described short cylinder liquid-sucking core or described thin capillary liquid suction core or the maximum liquid refrigerant volume of holding >=4 milliliter of described slim capillary liquid suction core net; Outside sunshine exposure 700 ± 50 watts/square metre, described glass heat pipe cold junction water temperature 40 ± 5 DEG C, heat collecting element axial line be north-south be in tilted layout and the angle of its axial line and incident sunlight within the scope of 90 ± 20 ° under condition, described annular liquid storage tank or described short cylinder liquid-sucking core or described thin capillary liquid suction core or described slim capillary liquid suction core net hold quality≤0.9 milliliter of liquid refrigerant.
Described heat collecting element tail end can also be made to be the part being no more than heat collecting element total length 6% from heat collecting element tail end bottom outer surface forward.
Beneficial effect of the present invention: a working medium high position of the present invention is gathered the eccentric heat-tube vacuum heat collecting element employing of decompression empty sun protection and collected liquid refrigerant in heat pipe hot junction bottom end, the empty sun protection design blocking inside heat pipe two phase flow heat transfer in the heat radiation of heat pipe bottom end, and heat radiation power can reduce greatly.Citing: one exports the eccentric heat collecting element of 70 watts, working medium filling weight 3 milliliters.Adopt the technical scheme preventing heat pipe air drying creep failure in the uniform controlled heat transfer path heat radiation of heat pipe hot end surface, the heat radiation power of controlled heat transfer path is 40 watts.Because optically focused at least 1.6 sun intensity, inside heat pipe temperature is the highest also has more than 150 DEG C, and corresponding water vapor pressure still can reach 5 atmospheric pressure, close to or exceed the voltage endurance capability of external diameter 30 millimeters of wall thickness 1.6 millimeters of glass tubes.The present invention is for the same heat collecting element exporting 70 watts, and decompression empty sun protection heat transfer path only needs 10 watts of heat radiation powers, just can when air drying occurs with the speed of 0.25 ml/min to absorb the water of inside heat pipe.After air drying starts about 6 minutes; although 95 DEG C when the temperature of tube surface is from empty sun protection are at that time increased to about 119 DEG C; but inside, heat pipe hot junction except bottom end all dry, vapour pressure be less than 1.5 atmospheric pressure, namely to be subject to protection in a safe condition for heat pipe.The heat radiation power saving 30 watts makes cost have larger reduction, reduce heat transfer path to the venting 75% of vacuum heat-insulating layer and reliability increase substantially.Key is the empty sun protection problem that effectively can solve glass heat pipe.The present invention adopt a small-power empty sun protection device just can ensure inside heat pipe water vapor pressure is no more than 2 atmospheric pressure all the time, and do not affect the normal work of heat collecting element completely.Heat straight-tube heat transfer area is large, rigidity strong, it is few to utilize heat collecting element bottom to build the absorption resource occupation of heat transfer path to heat collecting element.Adopt with the heat straight-tube of extension diameter section, the abundant heat transfer between the wing plate heat pipe thinner for diameter and the thicker cover glass tube of diameter provides a suitable solution.Thermal sensitive permanent magnetic steel driving element uniformity is good, reproducible, control accuracy is high, long service life, performance are satisfactory.
Slim capillary liquid suction core net is set in described glass heat pipe inside or annular liquid storage tank or short cylinder liquid-sucking core or thin capillary liquid suction core are set at inner bottom place, described glass heat pipe hot junction, when the sun sets, heat pipe hot-side temperature declines, the reverse work of described glass heat pipe: the liquid refrigerant of the former heat pipe cold junction inner surface be connected with heating load low thermal resistance evaporates and condenses at former heat pipe hot junction inner surface, when former heat pipe hot junction inner surface liquid refrigerant gather more and trickle downwards and arrive slim capillary liquid suction core net or annular liquid storage tank or thin capillary liquid suction core or short cylinder liquid-sucking core time to be retained by sticking thus to have raised the position of working medium.Second day sun out time, heat pipe hot junction is once be heated, and the liquid refrigerant being cut liquid by sticking evaporates rapidly and participates in two phase flow heat transfer.Further analysis is known: owing to have employed slim capillary liquid suction core net, annular liquid storage tank, short cylinder liquid-sucking core and thin capillary liquid suction core, tenfold adds endotherm area, draw compared with the light pipe glass heat pipe of heat energy above the glass tube surrounded by getter minute surface with only relying on glass tube walls, the heating power of working medium startup stage of having increased considerably.In winter, heat pipe start-up course foreshortens to 10 to 30 minutes in more than 140 minute from original light pipe, is equivalent to heat collector many thermal-arrests every day in winter more than one hour.When daytime, heat collecting element normally worked, because annular liquid storage tank only has 45 millimeters from bottom, heat pipe hot junction, even if the solar thermal energy that absorbs of the dry relevant absorbing film of these 45 millimeters of sections also effectively can participate in heat exchange by glass tube to the heat transfer of annular liquid storage tank.Other working medium sticking interception device also can not be held when heat pipe normally works or seldom hold liquid refrigerant.So just there is not the problem increasing or more increase working medium filling weight because using working medium sticking interception device, thus both accelerated heat pipe startup to greatest extent; The pressure of glass heat pipe inside during air drying is made again to keep low level.
Accompanying drawing explanation
Below in conjunction with drawings and Examples, the present invention is further described.
Fig. 1 is a boosting decompression empty sun protection eccentric heat-tube vacuum solar energy heat collector structural representation.
Fig. 2 is the light-pipe structure gravity assisted heat pipe structural representation of a tiltably-mounted.
1. heat pipes in figure; 2. cover glass tube; 3. curved inner glass tube; 4. outer straight section; 5. eccentric straight section; 6. straight section in; 7. outer straight changeover portion; 8. straight changeover portion glass heat pipe in; 9. semicircle minute surface; 10. heat straight-tube; 11. thermal sensitive permanent magnetic steel; 12. soft irons; 13. thermal conductances; 14. transmission steel wires; 15. springs; 16. extension diameter sections; 17. outer ends; 18. short liquid-sucking cores; 19. bimetal leaf boosting parts; 20. adiabatic water tanks; 21. tail boxes.
Detailed description of the invention
Fig. 1 provides one embodiment of the present of invention.
In Fig. 1, an empty sun protection device is set in the vacuum heat-insulating layer between the cover glass tube 2 and curved inner glass tube 3 of the eccentric heat-tube vacuum heat collecting element of bending, forms an eccentric heat-tube vacuum heat collecting element of decompression empty sun protection.An eccentric heat-tube vacuum solar energy heat collector of boosting decompression empty sun protection is formed with the eccentric heat-tube vacuum heat collecting element of boosting decompression empty sun protection, adiabatic water tank 20 and tail box 21.The eccentric heat-tube vacuum heat collecting element of bending to be drawn the curved inner glass tube 3 that outer straight section 4, eccentric straight section 5, interior straight section 6, outer straight changeover portion 7 and interior straight changeover portion 8 form by one, and the cover glass tube 2 nested arrangement sealing-in of sealing with one end circle is made.The necking down port sealing-in of outer straight section 4 and cover glass tube 2, extension is as heat pipe 1 cold junction.The glass shell heat pipe 1 of a bending is made in the sealed-off of curved inner glass tube 3 inner vacuum pumping loading working medium.The eccentric straight section 5 i.e. outer surface in heat pipe 1 hot junction of curved inner glass tube 3 is manufactured with absorbing film; The cover glass tube 2 inner surface Magnetron Sputtered Al Film of about 180 degree of angle of circumference scopes makes semicircle minute surface 9; It is inner that eccentric straight section 5 gos deep into cover glass tube 2; Eccentric straight section 5 with absorbing film is connected with semicircle minute surface 9 optically focused.
Empty sun protection device passes hot linked thermal sensitive permanent magnetic steel boosting driving element by one with heat pipe 1 hot junction and forms with the heat straight-tube 10 that thermal sensitive permanent magnetic steel boosting driving element is in transmission connection.Thermal sensitive permanent magnetic steel boosting driving element comprise thermal sensitive permanent magnetic steel soft iron drive to bimetal leaf boosting parts 19; Thermal sensitive permanent magnetic steel soft iron drives comprising one piece of thermal sensitive permanent magnetic steel 11 and one block of soft iron 12; Thermal sensitive permanent magnetic steel 11 is connected with heat pipe 1 hot junction i.e. interior straight section 6 low thermal resistance by one piece of thermal conductance 13.When needing, shadow shield is set on thermal sensitive permanent magnetic steel 11 and prevents the thermal sensitive permanent magnetic steel 11 that sunshine direct projection is being in vacuum heat-insulating layer from making its misoperation.Thermal conductance 13 solves the problem that between thermal sensitive permanent magnetic steel 11 and heat pipe 1, transmission of heat by contact thermal resistance is large.Soft iron 12 is tied and can does along the movable of heat collecting element direction of axis line and be in transmission connection by transmission steel wire 14 and heat straight-tube 10.Soft iron 12 pushed away from permanent-magnet steel 11 by spring 15 thrust or has the trend pusheding away from permanent-magnet steel 11.The stiff end of bimetal leaf boosting parts 19 is connected with thermal conductance 13.Soft iron 12 outer surface is as the linkage interface with bimetal leaf boosting parts 19 free end.Described bimetal leaf boosting parts from loss of excitation state to the temperature-fall period having magnetic state to change in thermal sensitive permanent magnetic steel, produce deformation and help to promote the driving of thermal sensitive permanent magnetic steel soft iron to adhesive.Tail box 21 hides described heat collecting element afterbody;
Heat straight-tube 10 thickness 0.22 millimeter, width 40 millimeters; Phosphor-copper thin plate makes.Heat straight-tube 10 and heat pipe 1 hot junction bottom end i.e. interior straight section 6 adopts one-dimensional movement auxiliary structure low thermal resistance to be connected.Heat straight-tube 10 can be stretched out to retract along heat collecting element direction of axis line and be moved forward and backward; Heat straight-tube 10 is containing one section of extension diameter section 16, and the shape of the outer end 17 of extension diameter section 16 and the shape of cover glass tube 2 tail end inner surface match.
Optically focused connection refers to that the eccentric straight section 5 of band absorbing film moves from the top down near semicircle minute surface 9 with the symmetrical plane of its axial line along semicircle minute surface 9 but do not contact with semicircle minute surface 9 in order to avoid form heat bridge to cause heat-energy losses.As seen from Figure 1: the sunlight entering cover glass tube 2, mid portion directly changes into heat energy on the absorbing film of eccentric straight section 5; The overwhelming majority in two side portions arrives on absorbing film through the once or repeatedly reflection of semicircle minute surface 9 and changes into heat energy.The sunlight passed from the gap between eccentric straight section 5 and cover glass tube 2 likely passes cover glass tube 2 through the reflection of semicircle minute surface 9 and escapes.Gap width between eccentric straight section 5 and cover glass tube 2 is about 2 millimeters.
In heat pipe 1 hot junction, inner bottom arranges short cylinder liquid-sucking core 18.Short cylinder liquid-sucking core 13 adopts glass fibre to make; Length 50 millimeters.Short cylinder liquid-sucking core 18, along the circumferential layout of heat pipe 1 inwall, from the spacing distance 45 millimeters of heat pipe bottom, overlays in heat pipe 1 inwall with jump ring.
The operation principle of Fig. 1 embodiment: when embedding the heat collecting element normal dip being provided with described decompression empty sun protection device and arranging and be not in air drying state; thermal sensitive permanent magnetic steel 11 temperature be connected with heat pipe 1 low thermal resistance does not reach loss of excitation temperature; thermal sensitive permanent magnetic steel 11 holds soft iron 12 by heat straight-tube 10 toward Zola; make heat straight-tube 10 not contact cover glass tube 2 tail end, empty sun protection device is in closedown adiabatci condition.Heat collecting element can normal thermal-arrest.
When heat collecting element is in air drying state, thermal sensitive permanent magnetic steel 11 temperature raises magnetic force and disappears, and spring 15 pushes soft iron 12 and heat straight-tube 10 to the right side, makes heat straight-tube 10 stretch out heat transfer and connects cover glass tube 2 tail end, and empty sun protection device is in opens heat conduction state.The heat energy in heat pipe 1 hot junction is lost to environment continually by empty sun protection device.The steam of heat pipe 1 inside flows to bottom end and condenses and be collected in bottom end under differential pressure action, clamps down on heat pipe 1 internal pressure and is in low level all the time, ensures that heat pipe 1 internal pressure low level realizes the empty sun protection of heat collecting element.
Later heat collecting element departs from air drying state, and thermal sensitive permanent magnetic steel 11 temperature reduces magnetic force and recovers and attract soft iron 12 that heat straight-tube 10 is retracted not conduct heat connection cover glass tube 2 tail end, and empty sun protection device is in closedown adiabatci condition, and heat collecting element can normally work again.
When the heat collecting element of Fig. 1 embodiment turn clockwise about 45 degree tilt to install time, heat pipe 1 can rely on gravity to realize two phase flow cycle heat exchange, and solar thermal energy is passed to heating load by cold junction continuously.When heat pipe 1 works, because short cylinder liquid-sucking core 18 can not hold working medium, so working medium filling weight does not increase, when being conducive to limiting air drying, the inner saturated vapor pressure of heat pipe 1 is in low-level.
When Fig. 1 embodiment short cylinder liquid-sucking core 18 can when heat pipe 1 does not work a large amount of sticking liquid refrigerant, improve the position that former light pipe heat pipe is collected in the working medium bottom heat pipe 1.When short cylinder liquid-sucking core 18 can make heat pipe 1 start from heat pipe 1 bottom spacing distance 45 millimeters from above and below simultaneously stability solar thermal energy accelerate start.
In Fig. 1 embodiment, when heat pipe 1 normally works, allow tens of milliseconds section below it dry or partly dry so short cylinder liquid-sucking core 18 does not usually hold working medium when heat pipe 1 works.When the sun sets, the condensate water evaporation of heat pipe 1 cold junction inner surface, comprises the whole or most working medium of all working medium of this part working medium by short cylinder liquid-sucking core 18 sticking.
Fig. 1 embodiment is for the wing plate heat pipe vacuum heat collection element of cover glass tube 2 diameter 70, and do not adopt and arrange heat radiation paster at cover glass tube 2 tail end inwall, the heat radiation power of described empty sun protection device also can reach more than 10 watts.
Changing the thermal sensitive permanent magnetic steel driving element of Fig. 1 into bimetal leaf thermodynamic-driven device or changing memory alloy actuator part into or change into when bellows driving element also can realize air drying makes heat straight-tube 10 stretch out heat transfer connection, working medium is locked in the empty sun protection mechanism that heat pipe 1 hot junction bottom end realizes heat pipe 1 inner pressure relief.
The operation principle of Fig. 1 embodiment: when embedding the heat collecting element normal dip being provided with described decompression empty sun protection device and arranging and be not in air drying state; thermal sensitive permanent magnetic steel 11 temperature be connected with heat pipe 1 low thermal resistance does not reach loss of excitation temperature; thermal sensitive permanent magnetic steel 11 holds soft iron 12 by heat straight-tube 10 toward Zola; make heat straight-tube 10 not contact cover glass tube 2 tail end, empty sun protection device is in closedown adiabatci condition.Heat collecting element can normal thermal-arrest.
When heat collecting element is in air drying state; thermal sensitive permanent magnetic steel 11 temperature raises magnetic force and disappears; spring 15 pushes soft iron 12 and heat straight-tube 10 to the right side, makes the outer end 16 of heat straight-tube 10 stretch out heat transfer and connects cover glass tube 2 tail end, and empty sun protection device is in opens heat conduction state.The heat energy in heat pipe 1 hot junction is lost to environment continually by empty sun protection device.The steam of heat pipe 1 inside flows to bottom end and condenses and be collected in bottom end under differential pressure action, clamps down on heat pipe 1 internal pressure and is in low level all the time, ensures that inside heat pipe pressure low level realizes the empty sun protection of heat collecting element.
Later heat collecting element departs from air drying state, and thermal sensitive permanent magnetic steel 11 temperature reduces magnetic force and recovers and attract soft iron 12 that heat straight-tube 10 is retracted not conduct heat connection cover glass tube 2 tail end, and empty sun protection device is in closedown adiabatci condition, and heat collecting element can normally work again.
Bimetal leaf boosting parts 19 are in thermal sensitive permanent magnetic steel 11 from loss of excitation state to the temperature-fall period having magnetic state to change, and its free end of the generation deformation left bending soft iron 12 that promotes is moved to the left.Due to the existence of bimetal leaf boosting parts 19; the trueness error overcoming associated components make soft iron 12 from thermal sensitive permanent magnetic steel 11 excessively away from; the problem of the inadequate empty sun protection device cisco unity malfunction of thermal sensitive permanent magnetic steel 11 suction, makes the work of thermal sensitive permanent magnetic steel driving element more rapid reliable.
Fig. 1 embodiment, for the eccentric heat-tube vacuum heat collecting element of cover glass tube 2 diameter 70, arranges heat radiation paster even if do not adopt at cover glass tube tail end inwall, and the heat radiation power of described empty sun protection device also can reach more than 10 watts.
Changing the thermal sensitive permanent magnetic steel driving element of Fig. 1 embodiment into bimetal leaf thermodynamic-driven device or changing memory alloy actuator part into or change into when bellows driving element also can realize air drying makes heat straight-tube 11 stretch out heat transfer connection, working medium is locked in the empty sun protection mechanism that heat pipe 1 hot junction bottom end realizes heat pipe 1 inner pressure relief.
Claims (7)
1. the eccentric heat-tube vacuum solar energy heat collector of boosting decompression empty sun protection, is made up of the eccentric heat-tube vacuum heat collecting element of boosting decompression empty sun protection, adiabatic water tank or connection collection box, tail box, support and auxiliary; The eccentric heat-tube vacuum heat collecting element of boosting decompression empty sun protection eccentric heat-tube vacuum heat collecting element bending and the boosting empty sun protection device composition be placed in described heat collecting element tail end vacuum heat-insulating layer; The curved inner glass tube that the eccentric heat-tube vacuum heat collecting element of bending is made up of outer straight section, eccentric straight section and outer straight changeover portion with one, the cover glass tube nested arrangement sealing-in of sealing with one end circle is made; The necking down port sealing-in extension of outer straight section and cover glass tube is as heat pipe cold junction, and the glass shell heat pipe of a bending is made in the sealed-off of curved inner glass tube inner vacuum pumping loading working medium; The eccentric straight section of curved inner glass tube and the outer surface in glass heat pipe hot junction are manufactured with absorbing film; The cover glass tube inner surface Magnetron Sputtered Al Film of about 180 degree of angle of circumference scopes makes semicircle minute surface; Eccentric straight section gos deep into cover glass tube inside; Eccentric straight section with absorbing film is connected with semicircle minute surface optically focused; Described heat collecting element is vertical or tilt to install, described heat pipe relies on gravity work, described empty sun protection device is passed hot linked boosting thermodynamic-driven device by one and described heat pipe hot junction, to be in transmission connection or the heat straight-tube integrally manufactured with boosting thermodynamic-driven device forms with boosting thermodynamic-driven device, and described empty sun protection device has two kinds of stable states: heat straight-tube stretches out unlatching heat conduction state when heat transfer connects cover glass tube tail end; The closedown adiabatci condition that heat straight-tube retraction is not conducted heat when connecting cover glass tube tail end, is characterized in that heat straight-tube and heat pipe hot junction bottom end adopt one-dimensional movement auxiliary structure low thermal resistance to be connected; Or heat straight-tube and a heat sink adopt one-dimensional movement auxiliary structure low thermal resistance to be connected, and described heat sink is connected with heat pipe hot junction bottom end low thermal resistance; Heat straight-tube can move forward and backward along heat collecting element direction of axis line; Outer end shape and the cover glass tube tail end inner surface of heat straight-tube match; Described boosting thermodynamic-driven device comprise thermal sensitive permanent magnetic steel soft iron drive to bimetal leaf boosting parts; Thermal sensitive permanent magnetic steel soft iron drives comprising one piece of thermal sensitive permanent magnetic steel and one block of soft iron; Thermal sensitive permanent magnetic steel is connected with inner glass tube or heat pipe hot junction low thermal resistance by one piece of thermal conductance; Above thermal sensitive permanent magnetic steel, shadow shield is set; Soft iron is tied and can does along the movable of heat collecting element direction of axis line and be in transmission connection by transmission steel wire and heat straight-tube; Described thermal sensitive permanent magnetic steel soft iron drive to containing and the linkage interface of bimetal leaf boosting parts; Described bimetal leaf boosting parts from loss of excitation state to the temperature-fall period having magnetic state to change in thermal sensitive permanent magnetic steel, produce deformation and help to promote the driving of thermal sensitive permanent magnetic steel soft iron to adhesive; Tail box hides described heat collecting element afterbody;
In inside, described glass heat pipe hot junction containing annular liquid storage tank working medium sticking interception device, annular liquid storage tank contains storage liquid space; Annular liquid storage tank be greater than that 40 millimeters are less than glass heat pipe hot junction total length from the spacing distance of glass heat pipe bottom 20%; And annular liquid storage tank is greater than 20 millimeters from the average vertical spacing distance of solar collection element tail end getter minute surface upper edge hole;
Or contain short cylinder liquid-sucking core working medium sticking interception device in described glass heat pipe hot junction inner bottom, short cylinder liquid-sucking core is along the circumferential layout of heat pipe inner wall; Short cylinder liquid-sucking core is less than 20% of heat pipe hot junction total length from the spacing distance of heat pipe bottom; The length of described short cylinder liquid-sucking core is no more than 90 millimeters;
Or, the thin capillary liquid suction core working medium sticking interception device in inside, described glass heat pipe hot junction containing a width 2 to 30 millimeters, the length of described thin capillary liquid suction core is 10 to 50% of heat pipe hot end length; The lower end of thin capillary liquid suction core is 0 to 200 millimeter from the distance of heat pipe bottom; The area of thin capillary liquid suction core is less than 5% of described heat pipe hot junction inner wall area; Containing peephole or mark on heat collecting element;
Or the slim capillary liquid suction core net working medium sticking interception device be made up of the thin capillary liquid suction core of some width 2 to 10 millimeters containing in inside, described glass heat pipe hot junction, the area of slim capillary liquid suction core net is less than 5% of described heat pipe hot junction inner wall area.
2., according to heat collector according to claim 1, it is characterized in that inside curved inner glass tube, straight section and interior straight changeover portion in one section are contained in bottom, heat straight-tube changes into and adopts one-dimensional movement auxiliary structure low thermal resistance to be connected with interior straight section; Or heat straight-tube and a heat sink adopt one-dimensional movement auxiliary structure low thermal resistance to be connected, and described heat sink is connected with interior straight section low thermal resistance.
3., according to the heat collector described in claims 1 or 2, it is characterized in that described cover glass tube tail end inner surface low thermal resistance connects a heat radiation paster; The heat transfer conditions of heat radiation paster and heat straight-tube changes according to the state of thermodynamic-driven device and changes.
4. according to heat collector according to claim 1, it is characterized in that heat straight-tube contains one section of extension diameter section, the shape of the outer end of extension diameter section and the shape of cover glass tube tail end inner surface match.
5., according to heat collector according to claim 1, it is characterized in that the thin capillary liquid suction core ring that described slim capillary liquid suction core net is connected with glass heat pipe inwall concentric fit by several is formed.
6., according to heat collector according to claim 1, it is characterized in that: outside sunshine exposure 700 ± 50 watts/square metre, described glass heat pipe cold junction water temperature 40 ± 5 DEG C, heat collecting element axial line be north-south be in tilted layout and the angle of its axial line and incident sunlight within the scope of 90 ± 20 ° under condition: described annular liquid storage tank or described short cylinder liquid-sucking core or described thin capillary liquid suction core or described slim capillary liquid suction core net hold 25% of quality≤its maximum liquid refrigerant volume of holding of liquid refrigerant;
Or, described annular liquid storage tank or described short cylinder liquid-sucking core or described thin capillary liquid suction core or the maximum liquid refrigerant volume of holding >=4 milliliter of described slim capillary liquid suction core net; Outside sunshine exposure 700 ± 50 watts/square metre, described glass heat pipe cold junction water temperature 40 ± 5 DEG C, heat collecting element axial line be north-south be in tilted layout and the angle of its axial line and incident sunlight within the scope of 90 ± 20 ° under condition, described annular liquid storage tank or described short cylinder liquid-sucking core or described thin capillary liquid suction core or described slim capillary liquid suction core net hold quality≤0.9 milliliter of liquid refrigerant.
7., according to heat collector according to claim 1, it is characterized in that described heat collecting element tail end is the part being no more than heat collecting element total length 6% from heat collecting element tail end bottom outer surface forward.
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Citations (3)
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| CN202057101U (en) * | 2011-05-10 | 2011-11-30 | 邱醒 | Through vacuum heat collecting tube with edge openings of two ends of inner glass tube penetrating out |
| CN202757322U (en) * | 2012-08-29 | 2013-02-27 | 中广核太阳能开发有限公司 | Solar vacuum heat collecting pipe using copper steel composite pipe as heat absorbing pipe |
| CN203274285U (en) * | 2013-04-22 | 2013-11-06 | 海宁伊满阁太阳能科技有限公司 | Vacuum solar energy heat collecting device of boosting decompression stagnation protective eccentric heat pipe |
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| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
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| JP5025750B2 (en) * | 2010-03-26 | 2012-09-12 | 日軽金アクト株式会社 | Solar collector |
| KR101233976B1 (en) * | 2011-04-05 | 2013-02-18 | 선다코리아주식회사 | Condenser for solar heat absorber of vacuum tube type for concentrating sunlight having curvature type reflector |
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Patent Citations (3)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN202057101U (en) * | 2011-05-10 | 2011-11-30 | 邱醒 | Through vacuum heat collecting tube with edge openings of two ends of inner glass tube penetrating out |
| CN202757322U (en) * | 2012-08-29 | 2013-02-27 | 中广核太阳能开发有限公司 | Solar vacuum heat collecting pipe using copper steel composite pipe as heat absorbing pipe |
| CN203274285U (en) * | 2013-04-22 | 2013-11-06 | 海宁伊满阁太阳能科技有限公司 | Vacuum solar energy heat collecting device of boosting decompression stagnation protective eccentric heat pipe |
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Address after: Wenqiao town Wenling city Taizhou City, Zhejiang province 317527 Xing Chang Road 25 Building No. 5 Applicant after: Lin Gendi Address before: 200050, room 3, No. 113, Lane 103, Xuanhua Road, Shanghai, Changning District Applicant before: Lin Gendi |
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Address after: 225300 Yonganzhou Town Industrial Park, Gaogang District, Taizhou City, Jiangsu Province Patentee after: Xie Qingping Address before: 325611 Fangjiangyu Village, Qingjiang Town, Yueqing City, Wenzhou City, Zhejiang Province Patentee before: Xie Qingping |
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