CN103307787A - Boosting decompressing idle-sunning protection eccentric heat pipe vacuum solar heat collecting device - Google Patents
Boosting decompressing idle-sunning protection eccentric heat pipe vacuum solar heat collecting device Download PDFInfo
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- XEEYBQQBJWHFJM-UHFFFAOYSA-N Iron Chemical compound [Fe] XEEYBQQBJWHFJM-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims abstract description 64
- 239000011521 glass Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 61
- 229910000831 Steel Inorganic materials 0.000 claims abstract description 54
- 239000010959 steel Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 54
- 239000006059 cover glass Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 46
- 229910052742 iron Inorganic materials 0.000 claims abstract description 32
- XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N water Substances O XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims abstract description 24
- 238000012546 transfer Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 23
- 230000005540 biological transmission Effects 0.000 claims abstract description 14
- 230000037072 sun protection Effects 0.000 claims description 50
- 239000007788 liquid Substances 0.000 claims description 21
- 230000005855 radiation Effects 0.000 claims description 19
- 230000006837 decompression Effects 0.000 claims description 16
- 239000003507 refrigerant Substances 0.000 claims description 15
- 230000008859 change Effects 0.000 claims description 12
- 238000005452 bending Methods 0.000 claims description 9
- 230000005484 gravity Effects 0.000 claims description 7
- 230000005284 excitation Effects 0.000 claims description 6
- 239000000853 adhesive Substances 0.000 claims description 3
- 230000001070 adhesive effect Effects 0.000 claims description 3
- 238000005086 pumping Methods 0.000 claims description 3
- 230000006855 networking Effects 0.000 claims description 2
- 230000003203 everyday effect Effects 0.000 abstract description 2
- 230000001012 protector Effects 0.000 abstract 3
- 238000009413 insulation Methods 0.000 abstract 2
- 238000007605 air drying Methods 0.000 description 18
- 238000010438 heat treatment Methods 0.000 description 6
- 230000005514 two-phase flow Effects 0.000 description 5
- 229920006395 saturated elastomer Polymers 0.000 description 4
- 239000006096 absorbing agent Substances 0.000 description 3
- 230000009471 action Effects 0.000 description 3
- 230000008901 benefit Effects 0.000 description 3
- 238000001704 evaporation Methods 0.000 description 3
- 230000008020 evaporation Effects 0.000 description 3
- 230000007246 mechanism Effects 0.000 description 3
- 230000002463 transducing effect Effects 0.000 description 3
- 238000013461 design Methods 0.000 description 2
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 description 2
- 230000009467 reduction Effects 0.000 description 2
- 230000000630 rising effect Effects 0.000 description 2
- 229910001285 shape-memory alloy Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- 238000009834 vaporization Methods 0.000 description 2
- 230000008016 vaporization Effects 0.000 description 2
- 238000013022 venting Methods 0.000 description 2
- RIRXDDRGHVUXNJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N [Cu].[P] Chemical compound [Cu].[P] RIRXDDRGHVUXNJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 238000010521 absorption reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000013459 approach Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000009286 beneficial effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000002384 drinking water standard Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000001035 drying Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000000694 effects Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000005516 engineering process Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000002349 favourable effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000006870 function Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000003365 glass fiber Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000017525 heat dissipation Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000009434 installation Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000012423 maintenance Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000007257 malfunction Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000004519 manufacturing process Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000010792 warming Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000003643 water by type Substances 0.000 description 1
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- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02B—CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES RELATED TO BUILDINGS, e.g. HOUSING, HOUSE APPLIANCES OR RELATED END-USER APPLICATIONS
- Y02B10/00—Integration of renewable energy sources in buildings
- Y02B10/20—Solar thermal
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- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02E—REDUCTION OF GREENHOUSE GAS [GHG] EMISSIONS, RELATED TO ENERGY GENERATION, TRANSMISSION OR DISTRIBUTION
- Y02E10/00—Energy generation through renewable energy sources
- Y02E10/40—Solar thermal energy, e.g. solar towers
- Y02E10/44—Heat exchange systems
Abstract
The invention relates to a boosting decompressing idle-sunning protection eccentric heat pipe vacuum solar heat collecting device, which is composed of a boosting decompressing idle-sunning protection eccentric heat pipe vacuum heat collecting element and a heat-insulation water tank, wherein the boosting decompressing idle-sunning protection eccentric heat pipe vacuum heat collecting element is composed of a bent eccentric full-glass vacuum heat-pipe heat collecting element and a boosting idle-sunning protector which is arranged in the tail-end vacuum heat-insulation layer of the bent eccentric full-glass vacuum heat-pipe heat collecting element; and the boosting idle-sunning protector is formed by low-thermal resistance connection of a boosting thermal-driving device and a heat-transfer straight tube. The boosting decompressing idle-sunning protection eccentric heat pipe vacuum solar heat collecting device is characterized in that the heat-transfer straight tube is in low-thermal resistance connection with the tail end of the heat end of a heat pipe through a one-dimensional moving pair structure and can stretch and move, and the shape of the outer end part of the heat-transfer straight tube coincides with the inner surface of the tail end of a cover glass pipe; a heat-sensitive permanent magnet steel driving device comprises heat-sensitive permanent magnet steel and soft iron; the soft iron is in transmission connection with the heat-transfer straight tube; the heat pipe contains a short-tube liquid-suction core. The small-power idle-sunning protector is adopted, so that the pressure of water vapor in the heat pipe cannot exceed two atmospheric pressures, the starting time of the heat pipe can be shortened from 140 minutes to 20 minutes in winter, and the heat pipe can collect heat for one extra hour every day.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to the eccentric heat-tube vacuum solar energy heat collector of boosting decompression empty sun protection.
Background technology
Vacuum heat collection pipe arranges vacuum heat-insulating layer between its cover glass tube and inner glass tube, can make the vacuum solar water heater that also can provide the domestic hot-water winter.With the solar water heater of heat-pipe vacuum heat collecting pipe manufacturing have more in the pipe anhydrous Energy Efficiency Ratio high, meet safe drinking water standard, single tube and damage the advantage such as in the same old way work.Therefore.Anhydrous solar energy evacuated water-both with hot pipe might capture the increasing market share in the pipe.
Adopt the integrated glass heat pipe have can with cover glass tube melt envelope, glass heat pipe surface can directly make absorbing film heat transfer link few, can adopt the splendid water of thermophysical property to make the advantages such as working medium.
But during air drying, heat collecting element inside heat pipe temperature can reach 230 ℃, and saturated vapor pressure corresponding to this temperature is 28.53 atmospheric pressure, and corresponding working medium filling weight is that the working medium volumetric ratio is 1.1% with the ratio of heat pipe volume, and namely per 1 liter capacity has 11 ml waters.
The pressure of inside heat pipe in the time of can reducing air drying by reducing the working medium filling weight, take device of working medium as example: when working medium filling weight/heat pipe plot ratio 0.5% during from 5 milliliters/1000 milliliters are reduced to 2 milliliters/1000 milliliters 0.2%, correspondingly its highest saturated vapor pressure is reduced to approximately 3.7 atmospheric pressure of 140 ℃ from approximately 10 atmospheric pressure of 180 ℃, and inside heat pipe when approximately 3.7 atmospheric high-vapor-pressures continue to be warming up to 180 ℃ from 140 ℃ internal pressure only have about 4 atmospheric pressure.But the internal pressure when the working medium filling weight can not be only with air drying sometimes decides.For a working medium filling weight/heat pipe plot ratio be 0.2%, the heat pipe of 1000 milliliters of internal capacities, 2000 millimeters of length, if internal pressure is no more than 4 atmospheric pressure when making 230 ℃ of air dryings, then the working medium filling weight is approximately 1.8 milliliters.Be light-pipe structure even problem is described heat pipe, when tilting approximately 45 degree work, the condensed water of cold junction, the circulating water in hot junction add that 0.353 milliliter of sum of the water yield of 85 ℃ of water vapours can be far away from 1.8 milliliters.
Make working medium filling weight/heat pipe plot ratio greater than 0.2% even 0.3% in order to satisfy heat pipe normal operation, and guarantee glass heat pipe not because air drying and bombing must be taked the empty sun protection measure.
Chinese invention patent 2009101951003 anti-air drying all-glass vacuum heat collector tube elements; disclosed a kind of empty sun protection all-glass vacuum heat collector tube element; consist of by between vacuum heat collection element absorber and cover glass-tube, controlled heat transfer path being set; controlled heat transfer path is comprised of movable heat transfer piece and actuator, it is characterized in that containing the heating power transducing actuator that is connected with vacuum heat collection element absorber low thermal resistance.Because this patent is not specially for the gravity assisted heat pipe heat collecting element, thereby specific aim is not strong; The uniformity of the original product of bimetal leaf heating power transducing actuator that it adopts is just bad, restorable ability can reduce again after temperature distortion repeatedly, and operating point settings, control variables input, comparison, transducing and the Power supply that its control system of bearing is relevant and execution function far can not normally effectively be worked because precision is affected 20 year possible projected life of heat collecting element.
Fig. 2 provides the light-pipe structure gravity assisted heat pipe structural representation of a tiltably-mounted.
Among Fig. 2, heat pipe 1 is made by shell and internal working medium.Its operation principle is: heat energy is i.e. side by side inwards arrow marked position input from the hot junction of below, make the vaporization of being heated of the working medium at heat pipe 1 inner bottom place, steam is under the effect of pressure reduction, upwards advance to the heat pipe cold junction and be arrow side by side outwards marked position emit heat energy and be supplied to load and be condensed into the cold junction of liquid below under Action of Gravity Field, being back to, in the vaporization of again being heated of hot junction working medium ..., constantly circulation realizes the two phase flow heat transfer circulation thus.Heat pipe has excellent heat-transfer capability, heat flow density ability to transform and isothermal characteristics.If 100 watts of heat pipe 1 hot junction inputs, then its cold junction output is the highest can reach 97 watts even higher.
If attempt heat pipe 1 to Fig. 2 only from following input heat energy, and do not take heat energy away, then heat pipe 1 steam inside is pressed and can sharply be risen.If heat pipe 1 adopts water as working medium and abundant, then when heat pipe 1 temperature reached 230 ℃, inner maximum pressure can reach 28.53 atmospheric pressure.
If attempt the from top to bottom comprehensively heating and take out heat energy from following a section of whole heat pipe 1 length 3% of accounting for that for example begins from the bottom a little more than heat pipe 1 bottom local of the heat pipe 1 of Fig. 2, namely only make position that the bottom accounts for heat pipe 1 total length 3% forward simultaneously as overlapping cold junction, then the vapour pressure of heat pipe 1 inside can drop to the saturated vapor pressure corresponding with the temperature of following cold junction.When for example water is as working medium, 100 ℃ of the temperature of maintenance heat pipe 1 following overlapping cold junction, even then top other parts are heated to 230 ℃, because the liquid refrigerant of heat pipe 1 inside all is collected in described overlapping cold junction, heat pipe 1 hot junction above except described overlapping cold junction is not owing to there being working medium to replenish whole drying up, and the two phase flow heat transfer mechanism has not existed.The steam pressure of heat pipe 1 inside 1 atmospheric pressure of also only having an appointment.
An example of overlapping cold junction be thermotube wall with absorbing film, absorb sunshine and input as heat energy, connect described thermotube wall with the Thermal Conduction Equipment low thermal resistance simultaneously and heat energy shifted.
Thisly make that heat pipe 1 is in tilted layout, heat energy is inputted and only perhaps do not had what meaning with following a bit of design as overlapping cold junction in other occasions above heat pipe 1, but the empty sun protection that is used for solar collection element, because only need minimum a part of heat radiation power---when this part heat radiation power was used for guaranteeing that air drying occurs, the peak of the initial stage inside heat pipe vapour pressure that the empty sun protection device begins to work was no more than setting value; This part heat radiation power also is greater than described overlapping cold junction as the heat energy input power in hot junction---thus have advantages of radiating element volume compact, dependable performance, heat radiation power little, on the venting of vacuum heat-insulating layer less, on absorber to block impact little and can utilize the heat collecting element tail end as heat dissipation interface.
Can see, the needed heat radiation power of less, the described empty sun protection device of the area of overlapping cold junction is also less, more favourable.Actual heat collecting element needs the device of tail box and so on to settle.The tail box can hide the tail end of heat collecting element.The part that is hidden by the tail box does not belong to overlapping cold junction.Why also can use overlapping cold junction; be because some heat collecting element empty sun protection device relatively be fit to be installed on vacuum heat-insulating layer drum-shaped section or; heat collection element cover glass pipe is with necking segment and be to adopt to assemble inner glass tube after necking segment forms, and then draws tail pipe to be called for short the technique of post-tensioning tail pipe to cover glass tube circle envelope.If the round end-blocking that post-tensioning tail pipe technique forms is not suitable for heat radiation, dispel the heat from described round end-blocking cover glass tube drum-shaped section up with regard to needing to utilize.Heat pipe or the inner glass tube end section corresponding with described drum-shaped section belong to overlapping cold junction.
China's 912050845 utility model electric cooker automatic magnetic temperature detect switch (TDS)s have been introduced a kind of pyromagnetic force inverting element operation principle of utilizing.
Summary of the invention
The objective of the invention is to provide boosting decompression empty sun protection eccentric heat-tube vacuum solar energy heat collector.
The present invention solves the technical scheme of its technical problem: with the eccentric heat-tube vacuum heat collecting element of boosting decompression empty sun protection, adiabatic water tank or connection collection box, tail box, support and auxiliary, form an eccentric heat-tube vacuum solar energy heat collector of boosting decompression empty sun protection.The eccentric heat-tube vacuum heat collecting element of boosting decompression empty sun protection is with the eccentric heat-tube vacuum heat collecting element of bending and place the boosting empty sun protection device in the described heat collecting element tail end vacuum heat-insulating layer to form.The eccentric heat-tube vacuum heat collecting element of bending is made with the cover glass tube nested arrangement sealing-in of an end circle envelope by the curved inner glass tube that outer straight section, eccentric straight section and outer straight changeover portion consist of of drawing.The necking down port sealing-in extension of the waist of outer straight section and cover glass tube is as the heat pipe cold junction, and the glass shell heat pipe of a bending is made in the sealed-off of the inner vacuum pumping loading working medium of curved inner glass tube.The eccentric straight section of curved inner glass tube is that the outer surface in glass heat pipe hot junction is manufactured with absorbing film; Approximately the cover glass tube inner surface Magnetron Sputtered Al Film of 180 degree angle of circumference scopes is made the semicircle minute surface; Eccentric straight section gos deep into cover glass tube inside; Eccentric straight section with absorbing film is connected with semicircle minute surface optically focused.Described heat collecting element is vertical or tilt to install the work of described heat pipe dependence gravity.Described empty sun protection device passes hot linked boosting thermodynamic-driven device by one with described heat pipe hot junction, is in transmission connection with boosting thermodynamic-driven device or forms with the integrally manufactured heat straight-tube of boosting thermodynamic-driven device, and described empty sun protection device has two kinds of stable states: heat straight-tube is stretched out the unlatching heat conduction state that conducts heat when connecting the cover glass tube tail end; Heat straight-tube the adiabatci condition of closing when connecting the cover glass tube tail end of not conducting heat of retracting.Heat straight-tube adopts one-dimensional movement auxiliary structure low thermal resistance to be connected with place, bottom, heat pipe hot junction; Perhaps heat straight-tube adopts one-dimensional movement auxiliary structure low thermal resistance to be connected with a heat sink, and described heat sink is connected with place, bottom, heat pipe hot junction low thermal resistance; Heat straight-tube can move forward and backward along the heat collecting element direction of axis line; The outer end shape of heat straight-tube and cover glass tube tail end inner surface match.
Described boosting thermodynamic-driven device comprise temperature-sensitive permanent-magnet steel soft iron drive to bimetal leaf boosting parts; Temperature-sensitive permanent-magnet steel soft iron drives comprising a temperature-sensitive permanent-magnet steel and a soft iron; The temperature-sensitive permanent-magnet steel is connected with inner glass tube or heat pipe hot junction low thermal resistance by a thermal conductance; Soft iron is tied and can does moving forward and backward and being in transmission connection by transmission steel wire and heat straight-tube along the heat collecting element direction of axis line; Described temperature-sensitive permanent-magnet steel soft iron drives containing the linkage interface with bimetal leaf boosting parts; Described bimetal leaf boosting parts the temperature-sensitive permanent-magnet steel from the loss of excitation state to the temperature-fall period that has magnetic state to change, produce deformation and help to promote temperature-sensitive permanent-magnet steel soft iron and drive adhesive.The tail box hides described heat collecting element afterbody.
Contain annular hopper shape thing working medium sticking interception device in inside, described glass heat pipe hot junction, annular hopper shape thing contains the storage liquid space or annular hopper shape thing forms the storage liquid space because of the change of glass heat pipe spatiality; Annular hopper shape thing from the spacing distance of glass heat pipe bottom greater than 40 millimeters less than 20% of glass heat pipe hot junction total length; And annular hopper shape thing from the average vertical spacing distance of solar collection element tail end getter minute surface upper edge hole greater than 20 millimeters;
Perhaps, contain short cylinder liquid-sucking core working medium sticking interception device in described glass heat pipe hot junction inner bottom, short cylinder liquid-sucking core is along the circumferential layout of heat pipe inner wall; Short cylinder liquid-sucking core from the spacing distance of heat pipe bottom less than 20% of heat pipe hot junction total length; The length of described short cylinder liquid-sucking core is no more than 90 millimeters;
Perhaps, contain the slice capillary wick working medium sticking interception device of 2 to 30 millimeters of width in inside, described glass heat pipe hot junction, the length of described slice capillary wick is 10 to 50% of heat pipe hot end length; The lower end of slice capillary wick is 0 to 200 millimeter from the distance of heat pipe bottom; The area of slice capillary wick is less than 5% of described heat pipe hot junction inner wall area; Contain peephole or mark at heat collecting element;
Perhaps, contain a sparse core net working medium sticking interception device that is comprised of the slice capillary wick of 2 to 10 millimeters of some width in inside, described glass heat pipe hot junction, the area of sparse core net is less than 5% of described heat pipe hot junction inner wall area.
Can also make bottom, curved inner glass tube the inside contain straight section and interior straight changeover portion in one section, heat straight-tube changes into interior straight section and adopts one-dimensional movement auxiliary structure low thermal resistance to be connected; Perhaps heat straight-tube adopts one-dimensional movement auxiliary structure low thermal resistance to be connected with a heat sink, and described heat sink is connected with interior straight section low thermal resistance.
Can also make described cover glass tube tail end inner surface low thermal resistance connect a heat radiation paster; The heat transfer state of heat radiation paster and heat straight-tube changes according to the state of thermodynamic-driven device.
Can also make heat straight-tube contain one section extension diameter section, the matching of the shape of the outer end of extension diameter section and cover glass tube tail end inner surface.
Can also make described thermodynamic-driven device for by a temperature-sensitive permanent-magnet steel and the temperature-sensitive permanent-magnet steel driving element that soft iron consists of; The temperature-sensitive permanent-magnet steel is connected with heat pipe hot junction low thermal resistance by a thermal conductance; Soft iron is tied and can moves forward and backward and be in transmission connection by transmission steel wire and heat straight-tube along the heat collecting element direction of axis line.
Can also make described sparse core net be consisted of by the slice capillary wick ring that several are connected with glass heat pipe inwall concentric fit.
Can also make: 40 ± 5 ℃ of the water temperatures in 700 ± 50 watts/square metre of sunshine exposures, the described glass heat pipe cold junction outside, heat collecting element axial line be that the north-south is in tilted layout and the angle of its axial line and incident sunlight in 90 ± 20 ° of scopes under the condition: described annular hopper shape thing or described short liquid-sucking core or described slice capillary wick or described sparse core net are held 25% of the quality of liquid refrigerant≤its maximum liquid refrigerant volume of holding;
Perhaps, described annular hopper shape thing or described short cylinder liquid-sucking core or described slice capillary wick or the maximum liquid refrigerant volume of holding of described sparse core net 〉=4 milliliters; 40 ± 5 ℃ of the water temperatures in 700 ± 50 watts/square metre of sunshine exposures, the described glass heat pipe cold junction outside, heat collecting element axial line be that the north-south is in tilted layout and the angle of its axial line and incident sunlight in 90 ± 20 ° of scopes under the condition, described annular hopper shape thing or described short liquid-sucking core or described slice capillary wick or described sparse core net are held the quality of liquid refrigerant≤0.9 milliliter.
Can also make described heat collecting element tail end for from heat collecting element tail end bottom outer surface, being no more than the part of heat collecting element total length 6% forward.
Beneficial effect of the present invention: a working medium high position of the present invention gather the eccentric heat-tube vacuum heat collecting element of decompression empty sun protection adopt the heat radiation of place, heat pipe bottom collect liquid refrigerant in place, bottom, heat pipe hot junction, the empty sun protection design of blocking-up inside heat pipe two phase flow heat transfer, heat radiation power can reduce greatly.For example: an eccentric heat collecting element of exporting 70 watts, 3 milliliters of working medium filling weights.Employing dispels the heat to prevent the technical scheme of heat pipe air drying creep failure at the uniform controlled heat transfer path of heat pipe hot end surface, the heat radiation power of controlled heat transfer path is 40 watts.Because at least 1.6 sun intensity of optically focused, the inside heat pipe temperature is the highest to be also had more than 150 ℃, and corresponding water vapor pressure still can reach 5 atmospheric pressure, approaches or exceed the voltage endurance capability of 1.6 millimeters glass tubes of 30 millimeters wall thickness of external diameter.The present invention is for the heat collecting element of 70 watts of same outputs, and decompression empty sun protection heat transfer path only needs 10 watts of heat radiation powers, just can absorb the water of inside heat pipe when air drying occurs with the speed of 0.25 ml/min.Air drying begins approximately after 6 minutes; although 95 ℃ when the temperature on heat pipe surface begins from empty sun protection at that time are increased to approximately 119 ℃; all dry, vapour pressure is less than 1.5 atmospheric pressure except the place, bottom but the heat pipe hot junction is inner, and namely heat pipe has been protected and has been in a safe condition.The heat radiation power of saving 30 watts makes cost that larger reduction is arranged, and the minimizing heat transfer path increases substantially venting 75% and the reliability of vacuum heat-insulating layer.Key is the empty sun protection problem that can effectively solve glass heat pipe.The present invention adopts a small-power empty sun protection device just can guarantee that the inside heat pipe water vapor pressure is no more than 2 atmospheric pressure all the time, and does not affect the normal operation of heat collecting element fully.The heat straight-tube heat transfer area is large, rigidity strong, it is few to the absorption resource occupation of heat collecting element to utilize the heat collecting element bottom to make up heat transfer path.Employing is with the heat straight-tube of extension diameter section, for the abundant heat transfer between the thicker cover glass tube of the thinner wing plate heat pipe of diameter and diameter provides a suitable solution.Temperature-sensitive permanent-magnet steel driving element high conformity, good reproducibility, control accuracy are high, long service life, performance are satisfactory.
Sparse core net is set in described glass heat pipe inside or annular hopper shape thing is set or short cylinder liquid-sucking core or slice capillary wick at inner bottom place, described glass heat pipe hot junction, the heat pipe hot-side temperature descends when the sun sets, the reverse work of described glass heat pipe: the evaporation of the liquid refrigerant of the former heat pipe cold junction inner surface that is connected with the heating load low thermal resistance is also condensed at former heat pipe hot junction inner surface, thereby gathers more and held back the position of having raised working medium by sticking when the downward trickling sparse core net of arrival or annular hopper shape thing or slice capillary wick or short liquid-sucking core when former heat pipe hot junction inner surface liquid refrigerant.The second day sun is out the time, and in a single day the heat pipe hot junction is heated, rapidly evaporation and participate in two phase flow heat transfer of the liquid refrigerant that is cut liquid by sticking.Further analyze as can be known: owing to having adopted sparse core net, annular hopper shape thing, short cylinder liquid-sucking core and slice capillary wick, tenfold has increased endotherm area, compare the heating power of working medium startup stage of having increased considerably with the light pipe glass heat pipe that only relies on glass tube walls to draw heat energy from the glass tube top that is surrounded by the getter minute surface.In winter, the heat pipe start-up course foreshortens to 10 to 30 minutes from more than 140 minute of original light pipe, is equivalent to heat collector many thermal-arrests every day in winter more than one hour.When daytime, heat collecting element worked, because annular hopper shape thing only has 45 millimeters from bottom, heat pipe hot junction, even the solar thermal energy that the dry relevant absorbing film of these 45 millimeters sections absorbs also can come the effective participation heat exchange to the heat transfer of annular hopper shape thing by glass tube.Liquid refrigerant can not held or seldom hold to other working medium sticking interception device also when heat pipe works.Increase or more increase like this problem of working medium filling weight because using working medium sticking interception device with regard to not existing, thereby both having accelerated to greatest extent heat pipe starts; The pressure of glass heat pipe inside keeps low level when making air drying again.
Description of drawings
The present invention is further described below in conjunction with drawings and Examples.
Fig. 1 is the eccentric heat-tube vacuum solar energy heat collector of a boosting decompression empty sun protection structural representation.
Fig. 2 is the light-pipe structure gravity assisted heat pipe structural representation of a tiltably-mounted.
1. heat pipes among the figure; 2. cover glass tube; 3. curved inner glass tube; 4. outer straight section; 5. eccentric straight section; 6. interior straight section; 7. outer straight changeover portion; 8. interior straight changeover portion glass heat pipe; 9. semicircle minute surface; 10. heat straight-tube; 11. temperature-sensitive permanent-magnet steel; 12. soft iron; 13. thermal conductance; 14. transmission steel wire; 15. spring; 16. extension diameter section; 17. outer end; 18. short cylinder liquid-sucking core; 19. bimetal leaf boosting parts; 20. adiabatic water tank; 21. tail box.
The specific embodiment
Fig. 1 provides one embodiment of the present of invention.
Among Fig. 1, in the cover glass tube 2 of the eccentric heat-tube vacuum heat collecting element of bending and the vacuum heat-insulating layer between the curved inner glass tube 3, an empty sun protection device is set, forms the empty sun protection off-centre heat-tube vacuum heat collecting element that reduces pressure.Form an eccentric heat-tube vacuum solar energy heat collector of boosting decompression empty sun protection with the eccentric heat-tube vacuum heat collecting element of boosting decompression empty sun protection, adiabatic water tank 20 and tail box 21.The eccentric heat-tube vacuum heat collecting element of bending is made with the cover glass tube 2 nested arrangement sealing-ins of an end circle envelope by the curved inner glass tube 3 that outer straight section 4, eccentric straight section 5, interior straight section 6, outer straight changeover portion 7 and interior straight changeover portion 8 consist of of drawing.The necking down port sealing-in of the waist of outer straight section 4 and cover glass tube 2, extension is as heat pipe 1 cold junction.The glass shell heat pipe 1 of a bending is made in curved inner glass tube 3 inner vacuum pumping loading working medium sealed-off.The eccentric straight section 5 of curved inner glass tube 3 is that the outer surface in heat pipe 1 hot junction is manufactured with absorbing film; Approximately the cover glass tube 2 inner surface Magnetron Sputtered Al Films of 180 degree angle of circumference scopes are made semicircle minute surface 9; Eccentric straight section 5 gos deep into cover glass tube 2 inside; Eccentric straight section 5 with absorbing film is connected with semicircle minute surface 9 optically focused.
Empty sun protection device passes hot linked temperature-sensitive permanent-magnet steel boosting driving element by one with heat pipe 1 hot junction and forms with heat straight-tube 10 that temperature-sensitive permanent-magnet steel boosting driving element is in transmission connection.Temperature-sensitive permanent-magnet steel boosting driving element comprise temperature-sensitive permanent-magnet steel soft iron drive to bimetal leaf boosting parts 19; Temperature-sensitive permanent-magnet steel soft iron drives comprising a temperature-sensitive permanent-magnet steel 11 and a soft iron 12; Temperature-sensitive permanent-magnet steel 11 is connected by namely interior straight section 6 low thermal resistances in a thermal conductance 13 and heat pipe 1 hot junction.When needing, the temperature-sensitive permanent-magnet steel 11 that shadow shield prevents that the sunshine direct projection is being in the vacuum heat-insulating layer is set on temperature-sensitive permanent-magnet steel 11 makes its misoperation.Thermal conductance 13 has solved the large problem of transmission of heat by contact thermal resistance between temperature-sensitive permanent-magnet steel 11 and the heat pipe 1.Soft iron 12 is tied and can does moving forward and backward and being in transmission connection by transmission steel wire 14 and heat straight-tube 10 along the heat collecting element direction of axis line.Soft iron 12 is subjected to spring 15 thrust to pushed away from permanent-magnet steel 11 or has the trend that pushed away from permanent-magnet steel 11.The stiff end of bimetal leaf boosting parts 19 is connected with thermal conductance 13.The conduct of soft iron 12 outer surfaces and bimetal leaf boosting parts 19 free-ended linkage interfaces.Described bimetal leaf boosting parts the temperature-sensitive permanent-magnet steel from the loss of excitation state to the temperature-fall period that has magnetic state to change, produce deformation and help to promote temperature-sensitive permanent-magnet steel soft iron and drive adhesive.Tail box 21 hides described heat collecting element afterbody;
0.22 millimeter of heat straight-tube 10 thickness, 40 millimeters of width; The phosphor-copper thin plate is made.Heat straight-tube 10 adopts one-dimensional movement auxiliary structure low thermal resistances to be connected with the namely interior straight section 6 in place, bottom, heat pipe 1 hot junction.Heat straight-tube 10 can be done to stretch out to retract along the heat collecting element direction of axis line and be moved forward and backward; Heat straight-tube 10 contains one section extension diameter section 16, the shape of outer end 17 of extension diameter section 16 and matching of cover glass tube 2 tail end inner surfaces.
Optically focused connect refer to the eccentric straight section 5 of absorbing film mobile near semicircle minute surface 9 but do not contact in order to avoid form heat bridge with semicircle minute surface 9 and cause heat-energy losses from the top down along the symmetrical plane of semicircle minute surface 9 with its axial line.As seen from Figure 1: enter the sunlight of cover glass tube 2, mid portion directly changes into heat energy at the absorbing film of eccentric straight section 5; The overwhelming majority in the two side portions arrives on the absorbing film through the reflection of semicircle minute surface 9 once or repeatedly and changes into heat energy.The sunlight that passes from the gap between eccentric straight section 5 and the cover glass tube 2 might pass through the reflection of semicircle minute surface 9 cover glass tube 2 and escape.Gap width between eccentric straight section 5 and the cover glass tube 2 is about 2 millimeters.
In heat pipe 1 hot junction inner bottom short cylinder liquid-sucking core 18 is set.Short cylinder liquid-sucking core 13 adopts glass fibre to make; 50 millimeters of length.Short cylinder liquid-sucking core 18 is along the circumferential layout of heat pipe 1 inwall, from 45 millimeters of the spacing distances of heat pipe bottom, overlays in heat pipe 1 inwall with jump ring.
The operation principle of Fig. 1 embodiment: the heat collecting element that described decompression empty sun protection device is installed when embedding normally is in tilted layout and when not being in the air drying state; temperature-sensitive permanent-magnet steel 11 temperature that are connected with heat pipe 1 low thermal resistance do not reach the loss of excitation temperature; temperature-sensitive permanent-magnet steel 11 holds soft iron 12 with heat straight-tube 10 past Zolas; make heat straight-tube 10 not contact cover glass tube 2 tail ends, empty sun protection device is in closes adiabatci condition.Heat collecting element is thermal-arrest normally.
When heat collecting element was in the air drying state, temperature-sensitive permanent-magnet steel 11 temperature rising magnetic force disappeared, and spring 15 is pushed soft iron 12 and heat straight-tube 10 to the right side, heat straight-tube 10 were stretched out conduct heat to connect cover glass tube 2 tail ends, and empty sun protection device is in the heat conduction state of opening.The heat energy in heat pipe 1 hot junction is lost to environment continually by empty sun protection device.The steam of heat pipe 1 inside flows to bottom place and condenses and be collected in the place, bottom under differential pressure action, clamp down on heat pipe 1 internal pressure and be in all the time low level, guarantees that heat pipe 1 internal pressure low level realizes the empty sun protection of heat collecting element.
Heat collecting element breaks away from the air drying state later on, and temperature-sensitive permanent-magnet steel 11 temperature reduce magnetic force to be recovered and attract soft iron 12 to make heat straight-tube 10 retract not conduct heat to connect cover glass tube 2 tail ends, and empty sun protection device is in closes adiabatci condition, and heat collecting element can work again.
When the heat collecting element of Fig. 1 embodiment turned clockwise approximately 45 degree inclination installation, heat pipe 1 can rely on gravity to realize the two phase flow cycle heat exchange, and solar thermal energy is passed to heating load by cold junction continuously.During heat pipe 1 work, because short cylinder liquid-sucking core 18 can not held working medium, so the working medium filling weight does not increase, heat pipe 1 inner saturated vapor pressure is in low-level when being conducive to limit air drying.
When the short cylinder liquid-sucking core 18 of Fig. 1 embodiment can be when heat pipe 1 not be worked a large amount of sticking liquid refrigerants, improve the position that former light pipe heat pipe is collected in the working medium of heat pipe 1 bottom.When short cylinder liquid-sucking core 18 can make heat pipe 1 start from 45 millimeters of heat pipe 1 bottom spacing distances from top and below absorb simultaneously solar thermal energy and accelerate startup.
Among Fig. 1 embodiment, so allow during heat pipe 1 normal operation below it the dry or dry short cylinder of part liquid-sucking core 18 of tens of millimeters sections when heat pipe 1 work, usually not hold working medium.When the sun set, the evaporation of the condensate water of heat pipe 1 cold junction inner surface comprised that the whole or most working medium of all working medium of this part working medium are by short cylinder liquid-sucking core 18 stickings.
Fig. 1 embodiment does not adopt at cover glass tube 2 tail end inwalls the heat radiation paster is set for the wing plate heat pipe vacuum heat collection element of cover glass tube 2 diameters 70, and the heat radiation power of described empty sun protection device also can reach more than 10 watts.
Change the temperature-sensitive permanent-magnet steel driving element of Fig. 1 into bimetal leaf thermodynamic-driven device or change memory alloy actuator spare into or change into heat straight-tube 10 being stretched out conducting heat and connect, working medium is locked in the empty sun protection mechanism that place, bottom, heat pipe 1 hot junction realizes heat pipe 1 inner pressure relief.
The operation principle of Fig. 1 embodiment: the heat collecting element that described decompression empty sun protection device is installed when embedding normally is in tilted layout and when not being in the air drying state; temperature-sensitive permanent-magnet steel 11 temperature that are connected with heat pipe 1 low thermal resistance do not reach the loss of excitation temperature; temperature-sensitive permanent-magnet steel 11 holds soft iron 12 with heat straight-tube 10 past Zolas; make heat straight-tube 10 not contact cover glass tube 2 tail ends, empty sun protection device is in closes adiabatci condition.Heat collecting element is thermal-arrest normally.
When heat collecting element is in the air drying state; temperature-sensitive permanent-magnet steel 11 temperature rising magnetic force disappear; spring 15 is pushed soft iron 12 and heat straight-tube 10 to the right side, makes the outer end 16 of heat straight-tube 10 stretch out connection cover glass tube 2 tail ends that conduct heat, and empty sun protection device is in the heat conduction state of opening.The heat energy in heat pipe 1 hot junction is lost to environment continually by empty sun protection device.The steam of heat pipe 1 inside flows to bottom place and condenses and be collected in the place, bottom under differential pressure action, clamp down on heat pipe 1 internal pressure and be in all the time low level, guarantees that inside heat pipe pressure low level realizes the empty sun protection of heat collecting element.
Heat collecting element breaks away from the air drying state later on, and temperature-sensitive permanent-magnet steel 11 temperature reduce magnetic force to be recovered and attract soft iron 12 to make heat straight-tube 10 retract not conduct heat to connect cover glass tube 2 tail ends, and empty sun protection device is in closes adiabatci condition, and heat collecting element can work again.
Bimetal leaf boosting parts 19 temperature-sensitive permanent-magnet steel 11 from the loss of excitation state to the temperature-fall period that has magnetic state to change, produce its free end of deformation left the crooked soft iron 12 that promotes be moved to the left.Because the existence of bimetal leaf boosting parts 19; the trueness error that has overcome associated components make soft iron 12 from temperature-sensitive permanent-magnet steel 11 excessively away from; the problem of the inadequate empty sun protection device cisco unity malfunction of temperature-sensitive permanent-magnet steel 11 suction makes the work of temperature-sensitive permanent-magnet steel driving element more rapid reliable.
Fig. 1 embodiment does not arrange the heat radiation paster for the eccentric heat-tube vacuum heat collecting element of cover glass tube 2 diameters 70 even do not adopt at cover glass tube tail end inwall, and the heat radiation power of described empty sun protection device also can reach more than 10 watts.
Change the temperature-sensitive permanent-magnet steel driving element of Fig. 1 embodiment into bimetal leaf thermodynamic-driven device or change memory alloy actuator spare into or change into heat straight-tube 11 being stretched out conducting heat and connect, working medium is locked in the empty sun protection mechanism that place, bottom, heat pipe 1 hot junction realizes heat pipe 1 inner pressure relief.
Claims (7)
1. the eccentric heat-tube vacuum solar energy heat collector of boosting decompression empty sun protection is comprised of the eccentric heat-tube vacuum heat collecting element of boosting decompression empty sun protection, adiabatic water tank or connection collection box, tail box, support and auxiliary; The eccentric heat-tube vacuum heat collecting element of boosting decompression empty sun protection is with the eccentric heat-tube vacuum heat collecting element of bending and place the boosting empty sun protection device in the described heat collecting element tail end vacuum heat-insulating layer to form; The eccentric heat-tube vacuum heat collecting element of bending is made with the cover glass tube nested arrangement sealing-in of an end circle envelope with a curved inner glass tube that is made of outer straight section, eccentric straight section and outer straight changeover portion; The necking down port sealing-in extension of the waist of outer straight section and cover glass tube is as the heat pipe cold junction, and the glass shell heat pipe of a bending is made in the sealed-off of the inner vacuum pumping loading working medium of curved inner glass tube; The eccentric straight section of curved inner glass tube is that the outer surface in glass heat pipe hot junction is manufactured with absorbing film; Approximately the cover glass tube inner surface Magnetron Sputtered Al Film of 180 degree angle of circumference scopes is made the semicircle minute surface; Eccentric straight section gos deep into cover glass tube inside; Eccentric straight section with absorbing film is connected with semicircle minute surface optically focused; Described heat collecting element is vertical or tilt to install, described heat pipe relies on gravity work, described empty sun protection device passes hot linked boosting thermodynamic-driven device by one with described heat pipe hot junction, is in transmission connection with boosting thermodynamic-driven device or forms with the integrally manufactured heat straight-tube of boosting thermodynamic-driven device, and described empty sun protection device has two kinds of stable states: heat straight-tube is stretched out the unlatching heat conduction state that conducts heat when connecting the cover glass tube tail end; Heat straight-tube the adiabatci condition of closing when connecting the cover glass tube tail end of not conducting heat of retracting is characterized in that heat straight-tube is connected with place, bottom, heat pipe hot junction employing one-dimensional movement auxiliary structure low thermal resistance; Perhaps heat straight-tube adopts one-dimensional movement auxiliary structure low thermal resistance to be connected with a heat sink, and described heat sink is connected with place, bottom, heat pipe hot junction low thermal resistance; Heat straight-tube can move forward and backward along the heat collecting element direction of axis line; The outer end shape of heat straight-tube and cover glass tube tail end inner surface match; Described boosting thermodynamic-driven device comprise temperature-sensitive permanent-magnet steel soft iron drive to bimetal leaf boosting parts; Temperature-sensitive permanent-magnet steel soft iron drives comprising a temperature-sensitive permanent-magnet steel and a soft iron; The temperature-sensitive permanent-magnet steel is connected with inner glass tube or heat pipe hot junction low thermal resistance by a thermal conductance; Soft iron is tied and can does moving forward and backward and being in transmission connection by transmission steel wire and heat straight-tube along the heat collecting element direction of axis line; Described temperature-sensitive permanent-magnet steel soft iron drives containing the linkage interface with bimetal leaf boosting parts; Described bimetal leaf boosting parts the temperature-sensitive permanent-magnet steel from the loss of excitation state to the temperature-fall period that has magnetic state to change, produce deformation and help to promote temperature-sensitive permanent-magnet steel soft iron and drive adhesive; The tail box hides described heat collecting element afterbody;
Contain annular hopper shape thing working medium sticking interception device in inside, described glass heat pipe hot junction, annular hopper shape thing contains the storage liquid space or annular hopper shape thing forms the storage liquid space because of the change of glass heat pipe spatiality; Annular hopper shape thing from the spacing distance of glass heat pipe bottom greater than 40 millimeters less than 20% of glass heat pipe hot junction total length; And annular hopper shape thing from the average vertical spacing distance of solar collection element tail end getter minute surface upper edge hole greater than 20 millimeters;
Perhaps, contain short cylinder liquid-sucking core working medium sticking interception device in described glass heat pipe hot junction inner bottom, short cylinder liquid-sucking core is along the circumferential layout of heat pipe inner wall; Short cylinder liquid-sucking core from the spacing distance of heat pipe bottom less than 20% of heat pipe hot junction total length; The length of described short cylinder liquid-sucking core is no more than 90 millimeters;
Perhaps, contain the slice capillary wick working medium sticking interception device of 2 to 30 millimeters of width in inside, described glass heat pipe hot junction, the length of described slice capillary wick is 10 to 50% of heat pipe hot end length; The lower end of slice capillary wick is 0 to 200 millimeter from the distance of heat pipe bottom; The area of slice capillary wick is less than 5% of described heat pipe hot junction inner wall area; Contain peephole or mark at heat collecting element;
Perhaps, contain a sparse core net working medium sticking interception device that is comprised of the slice capillary wick of 2 to 10 millimeters of some width in inside, described glass heat pipe hot junction, the area of sparse core net is less than 5% of described heat pipe hot junction inner wall area.
2. according to heat collector claimed in claim 1, it is characterized in that bottom, curved inner glass tube the inside contains straight section and interior straight changeover portion in one section, heat straight-tube changes into interior straight section and adopts one-dimensional movement auxiliary structure low thermal resistance to be connected; Perhaps heat straight-tube adopts one-dimensional movement auxiliary structure low thermal resistance to be connected with a heat sink, and described heat sink is connected with interior straight section low thermal resistance.
3. according to claim 1 or 2 described heat collectors, it is characterized in that described cover glass tube tail end inner surface low thermal resistance connects a heat radiation paster; The heat transfer state of heat radiation paster and heat straight-tube changes according to the state of thermodynamic-driven device.
4. according to heat collector claimed in claim 1, it is characterized in that heat straight-tube contains one section extension diameter section, the matching of the shape of the outer end of extension diameter section and cover glass tube tail end inner surface.
5. according to heat collector claimed in claim 1, it is characterized in that described sparse core net is made of the slice capillary wick ring that several are connected with glass heat pipe inwall concentric fit.
6. according to heat collector claimed in claim 1, it is characterized in that: 40 ± 5 ℃ of the water temperatures in 700 ± 50 watts/square metre of sunshine exposures, the described glass heat pipe cold junction outside, heat collecting element axial line be that the north-south is in tilted layout and the angle of its axial line and incident sunlight in 90 ± 20 ° of scopes under the condition: described annular hopper shape thing or described short liquid-sucking core or described slice capillary wick or described sparse core net are held 25% of the quality of liquid refrigerant≤its maximum liquid refrigerant volume of holding;
Perhaps, described annular hopper shape thing or described short cylinder liquid-sucking core or described slice capillary wick or the maximum liquid refrigerant volume of holding of described sparse core net 〉=4 milliliters; 40 ± 5 ℃ of the water temperatures in 700 ± 50 watts/square metre of sunshine exposures, the described glass heat pipe cold junction outside, heat collecting element axial line be that the north-south is in tilted layout and the angle of its axial line and incident sunlight in 90 ± 20 ° of scopes under the condition, described annular hopper shape thing or described short liquid-sucking core or described slice capillary wick or described sparse core net are held the quality of liquid refrigerant≤0.9 milliliter.
7. according to heat collector claimed in claim 1, it is characterized in that described heat collecting element tail end is for being no more than the part of heat collecting element total length 6% forward from heat collecting element tail end bottom outer surface.
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| CN201310139242.4A CN103307787B (en) | 2013-04-22 | 2013-04-22 | The eccentric heat-tube vacuum solar energy heat collector of boosting decompression empty sun protection |
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| JP2011202910A (en) * | 2010-03-26 | 2011-10-13 | Nikkeikin Aluminium Core Technology Co Ltd | Sunlight heat collecting apparatus |
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| CN202757322U (en) * | 2012-08-29 | 2013-02-27 | 中广核太阳能开发有限公司 | Solar vacuum heat collecting pipe using copper steel composite pipe as heat absorbing pipe |
| CN203274285U (en) * | 2013-04-22 | 2013-11-06 | 海宁伊满阁太阳能科技有限公司 | Vacuum solar energy heat collecting device of boosting decompression stagnation protective eccentric heat pipe |
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- 2013-04-22 CN CN201310139242.4A patent/CN103307787B/en not_active Expired - Fee Related
Patent Citations (5)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| JP2011202910A (en) * | 2010-03-26 | 2011-10-13 | Nikkeikin Aluminium Core Technology Co Ltd | Sunlight heat collecting apparatus |
| KR20120113631A (en) * | 2011-04-05 | 2012-10-15 | 선다코리아주식회사 | Condenser for solar heat absorber of vacuum tube type for concentrating sunlight having curvature type reflector |
| CN202057101U (en) * | 2011-05-10 | 2011-11-30 | 邱醒 | Through vacuum heat collecting tube with edge openings of two ends of inner glass tube penetrating out |
| CN202757322U (en) * | 2012-08-29 | 2013-02-27 | 中广核太阳能开发有限公司 | Solar vacuum heat collecting pipe using copper steel composite pipe as heat absorbing pipe |
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Address after: Wenqiao town Wenling city Taizhou City, Zhejiang province 317527 Xing Chang Road 25 Building No. 5 Applicant after: Lin Gendi Address before: 200050, room 3, No. 113, Lane 103, Xuanhua Road, Shanghai, Changning District Applicant before: Lin Gendi |
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Address after: 225300 Yonganzhou Town Industrial Park, Gaogang District, Taizhou City, Jiangsu Province Patentee after: Xie Qingping Address before: 325611 Fangjiangyu Village, Qingjiang Town, Yueqing City, Wenzhou City, Zhejiang Province Patentee before: Xie Qingping |
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