CN103225919B - Working medium high-position gathering pressure-reduction heat collection component for protecting vacuum heat pipe from stagnation - Google Patents
Working medium high-position gathering pressure-reduction heat collection component for protecting vacuum heat pipe from stagnation Download PDFInfo
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- CN103225919B CN103225919B CN201310141322.3A CN201310141322A CN103225919B CN 103225919 B CN103225919 B CN 103225919B CN 201310141322 A CN201310141322 A CN 201310141322A CN 103225919 B CN103225919 B CN 103225919B
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Abstract
The invention provides a working medium high-position gathering pressure-reduction heat collection component for protecting a vacuum heat pipe from stagnation. A heat collection component is mounted vertically or obliquely, and a heat pipe relies on the gravity to operate. The working medium high-position gathering pressure-reduction stagnation protecting vacuum heat pipe heat collection component is characterized in that a vacuum heat insulation layer at the tail end of the heat collection component comprises a controllable heat transfer passage; the inner of the hot end of the heat pipe comprises working medium absorbing and intercepting devices for absorbing and intercepting liquid working medium coming from the position above the hot end of the heat pipe to lift the position of the liquid working medium gathering at the bottom end of the hot end of the heat pipe after the operation of the heat pipe is finished to further speed up the starting of the heat pipe; and the working medium absorbing and intercepting device is an annular liquid storing tank-shaped substance, or a short cylinder liquid absorbing core, or a slim capillary liquid absorbing core, or a sparse core mesh. According to the invention, the low power stagnation protector is adopted to ensure that the water vapor pressure inside the heat pipe is never larger than two times of barometric pressure; and the starting time of the heat pipe can be shorted to 20 minutes from 140 minutes in winter, so that the time of heat collection can be increased by 1 hour everyday.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to a working medium high position and gather decompression empty sun protection vacuum heat-pipe heat collecting element.
Background technology
Vacuum heat collection pipe arranges vacuum heat-insulating layer between its cover glass tube and inner glass tube, can manufacture and also can provide domestic hot-water's vacuum solar water heater winter.With the solar water heater of heat-pipe vacuum heat collecting pipe manufacture have more in pipe anhydrous Energy Efficiency Ratio high, meet safe drinking water standard, single tube and damage the advantage such as in the same old way work.Therefore.In pipe, anhydrous solar energy evacuated water-both with hot pipe will likely capture the increasing market share.
Adopt integrated glass heat pipe have can with cover glass tube melt envelope, glass heat pipe surface can directly make absorbing film heat transfer link few, can adopt the splendid water of thermophysical property to make the advantages such as working medium.
But during air drying, heat collecting element inside heat pipe temperature can reach 230 ℃, saturated vapor pressure corresponding to this temperature is 28.53 atmospheric pressure, and corresponding working medium filling weight is that working medium volumetric ratio is 1.1% with the ratio of heat pipe volume, and every 1 liter capacity has 11 ml waters.
The pressure of inside heat pipe in the time of can reducing air drying by reducing working medium filling weight, take device of working medium as example: when working medium filling weight/heat pipe plot ratio 0.5% during from 5 milliliters/1000 milliliters are reduced to 2 milliliters/1000 milliliters 0.2%, correspondingly its highest saturated vapor pressure is reduced to approximately 3.7 atmospheric pressure of 140 ℃ from approximately 10 atmospheric pressure of 180 ℃, and inside heat pipe while continuing to be warming up to 180 ℃ from 140 ℃ approximately 3.7 atmospheric high-vapor-pressures internal pressure only have 4 atmospheric pressure left and right.But internal pressure when working medium filling weight can not be only with air drying sometimes decides.For working medium filling weight/heat pipe plot ratio be 0.2%, the heat pipe of 1000 milliliters of internal capacities, 2000 millimeters of length, if internal pressure is no more than 4 atmospheric pressure when making 230 ℃ of air dryings, working medium filling weight is approximately 1.8 milliliters.Even if problem is described heat pipe is light-pipe structure, when tilting approximately 45 degree work, the condensed water of cold junction, the circulating water in hot junction add that 0.353 milliliter of sum of the water yield of 85 ℃ of water vapours can be far away from 1.8 milliliters.
In order to meet the normal work of heat pipe, make working medium filling weight/heat pipe plot ratio be greater than 0.2% even 0.3%, and guarantee glass heat pipe not because air drying and bombing must be taked empty sun protection measure.
The anti-air drying all-glass vacuum of Chinese invention patent 2009101951003 heat collector tube element; disclosed a kind of empty sun protection all-glass vacuum heat collector tube element; by controlled heat transfer path being set between vacuum heat collection element absorber and cover glass-tube, form; controlled heat transfer path is comprised of movable heat transfer piece and actuator, it is characterized in that containing the heating power transducing actuator being connected with vacuum heat collection element absorber low thermal resistance.Because this patent is not specially for gravity assisted heat pipe heat collecting element, thereby specific aim is not strong; The uniformity of the original product of bimetal leaf heating power transducing actuator that it adopts is just bad, after temperature distortion repeatedly, restorable ability can reduce again, operating point setting, control variables input, comparison, transducing and the Power supply that its control system of bearing is relevant and carry out function and far can not normally effectively work because precision is affected 20 year possible projected life of heat collecting element.
Fig. 2 provides the light-pipe structure gravity assisted heat pipe structural representation of a tiltably-mounted.
In Fig. 2, heat pipe 1 is made by shell and internal working medium.Its operation principle is: heat energy is i.e. arrow marked position input inwards side by side from the hot junction of below, make the vaporization of being heated of the working medium at heat pipe 1 inner bottom place, steam is under the effect of pressure reduction, upwards advance to heat pipe cold junction and be arrow side by side outwards marked position emit heat energy and be supplied to and load and be condensed into the cold junction of liquid below being back under Action of Gravity Field, in the vaporization of being again heated of hot junction working medium ..., constantly circulation realizes two phase flow heat transfer circulation thus.Heat pipe has excellent heat-transfer capability, heat flow density ability to transform and isothermal characteristics.If 100 watts of heat pipe 1 hot junction inputs, its cold junction output is the highest can reach 97 watts even higher.
If attempt the heat pipe 1 of Fig. 2 only to input heat energy from below, and do not take heat energy away, heat pipe 1 steam inside is pressed and can sharply be risen.If heat pipe 1 adopts water as working medium and abundant,, when heat pipe 1 temperature reaches 230 ℃, inner maximum pressure can reach 28.53 atmospheric pressure.
If attempted the comprehensively heating take out heat energy from a section of whole heat pipe 1 length 3% of accounting for for example starting from bottom a little more than heat pipe 1 bottom local below from top to bottom of the heat pipe 1 of Fig. 2, only make position that bottom accounts for heat pipe 1 total length 3% forward simultaneously as overlapping cold junction, the vapour pressure of heat pipe 1 inside can drop to the saturated vapor pressure corresponding with the temperature of cold junction below.When for example water is as working medium, keep heat pipe 1 100 ℃ of the temperature of overlapping cold junction below, even if other parts are heated to 230 ℃ above, because the liquid refrigerant of heat pipe 1 inside is all collected in described overlapping cold junction, heat pipe 1 hot junction above except described overlapping cold junction is whole dry owing to having working medium to supplement, and two phase flow heat transfer mechanism has not existed.The steam pressure of heat pipe 1 inside 1 atmospheric pressure of also only having an appointment.
An example of overlapping cold junction be thermotube wall with absorbing film, absorb sunshine and input as heat energy, with Thermal Conduction Equipment low thermal resistance, connect described thermotube wall simultaneously and heat energy shifted.
This make that heat pipe 1 is in tilted layout, heat energy is inputted above heat pipe 1 and only with below a bit of design as overlapping cold junction in other occasions, perhaps there is no what meaning, but the empty sun protection for solar collection element, because only need minimum a part of heat radiation power---when this part heat radiation power is used for guaranteeing that air drying occurs, the peak of the initial stage inside heat pipe vapour pressure that empty sun protection device starts to work is no more than setting value; This part heat radiation power is also greater than described overlapping cold junction as the heat energy input power in hot junction---thus have advantages of radiating element volume compact, dependable performance, heat radiation power little, on the venting of vacuum heat-insulating layer less, on absorber to block impact little and can utilize heat collecting element tail end as heat dissipation interface.
Can see, the needed heat radiation power of less, the described empty sun protection device of area of overlapping cold junction is also less, more favourable.Actual heat collecting element needs the device of tail box and so on to settle.Tail box can hide the tail end of heat collecting element.The part being hidden by tail box does not belong to overlapping cold junction.Why also can use overlapping cold junction; be because some heat collecting element empty sun protection device be relatively applicable to being installed on vacuum heat-insulating layer drum-shaped section or; heat collection element cover glass pipe is with necking segment and be to adopt after necking segment forms, to assemble inner glass tube, and then draws tail pipe to be called for short the technique of post-tensioning tail pipe to cover glass tube circle envelope.If the round end-blocking that post-tensioning tail pipe technique forms is not suitable for heat radiation, with regard to needing to utilize, from described round end-blocking cover glass tube drum-shaped section up, dispel the heat.Heat pipe or the inner glass tube end section corresponding with described drum-shaped section belong to overlapping cold junction.
China's 912050845 utility model electric cooker automatic magnetic temperature detect switch (TDS)s, have introduced a kind of pyromagnetic force inverting element operation principle of utilizing.
Summary of the invention
The object of the invention is to provide a working medium high position to gather decompression empty sun protection vacuum heat-pipe heat collecting element.
The present invention solves the technical scheme of its technical problem: manufacture a working medium high position and gather decompression empty sun protection vacuum heat-pipe heat collecting element, comprise the metal heat pipe heat collecting element that can cut down sealing-in cover glass tube and metal fin heat pipe, by cover glass tube with wing plate inner glass tube nested, concentric, arrange the interior glass wing plate heat pipe vacuum heat collection element that sealing-in is made, by cover glass tube and inner glass tube nested, concentric, arrange the all-glass vacuum heat collector tube element that sealing-in is made, with one by the eccentric heat collector tube element made from the sealing-in of cover glass tube nested arrangement with the crooked inner glass tube of the outer straight section of the positive heart with eccentric straight section with by all-glass vacuum thermal-collecting tube, be connected one of plug-in type heat collector tube element made from insertion glass heat pipe low thermal resistance wherein, described heat collecting element is vertical or tilt to install the work of described heat pipe dependence gravity.The vacuum heat-insulating layer of heat collecting element tail end contains a controlled heat transfer path,
Described controlled heat transfer path comprises heat radiation paster, heat sink, with the thermodynamic-driven device with heat collecting element heat pipe hot junction or inner glass tube heat transfer linkage interface be in transmission connection with thermodynamic-driven device or the middle sheet integrally manufactured with thermodynamic-driven device, described heat transfer path has two kinds of stable states: the middle sheet unlatching heat conduction state while connecting heat sink with heat radiation paster that simultaneously conducts heat; The middle adiabatci condition of closing of conducting heat when different while connecting heat sink with heat radiation paster; Described heat radiation paster is with the low thermal resistance linkage interface with cover glass tube circle end-blocking inner surface and with the heat transfer interface with middle;
Or, described controlled heat transfer path comprises with the thermodynamic-driven device with heat collecting element heat pipe hot junction or inner glass tube heat transfer linkage interface and is in transmission connection with thermodynamic-driven device or the heat straight-tube integrally manufactured with thermodynamic-driven device, and described empty sun protection device has two kinds of stable states: heat straight-tube is stretched out the unlatching heat conduction state conducting heat while connecting cover glass tube tail end; The adiabatci condition of closing that heat straight-tube is retracted and do not conducted heat while connecting cover glass tube tail end; Heat straight-tube directly or by a heat sink adopts the secondary low thermal resistance of one-dimensional movement to be connected with inner glass tube tail end or place, bottom, heat pipe hot junction, and described heat sink is connected with inner glass tube tail end or place, bottom, heat pipe hot junction low thermal resistance; Described heat straight-tube can move forward and backward along heat collecting element direction of axis line; The outer end shape of heat straight-tube and matching of cover glass tube tail end inner surface;
Or described controlled heat transfer path comprises temperature-sensitive permanent-magnet steel, the hot wing of soft iron and connection circlip, described controlled heat transfer path has two kinds of stable states: the unlatching heat conduction state that the hot wing active edges of soft iron raises up and conducts heat while connecting cover glass tube; The curved adiabatci condition of closing of not conducting heat while connecting cover glass tube under the hot wing active edges of soft iron; The fixed edge low thermal resistance of the hot wing of soft iron connects inner glass tube tail end or place, bottom, heat pipe hot junction; Temperature-sensitive permanent-magnet steel is arranged at the active edges below of the hot wing of soft iron, and is hidden by the hot wing of soft iron; Temperature-sensitive permanent-magnet steel has magnetic, and the hot wing of soft iron is attracted lower curved by temperature-sensitive permanent-magnet steel, and its active edges is not conducted heat and is connected with cover glass tube; Temperature-sensitive permanent-magnet steel loss of excitation, the hot wing of soft iron upwarps under self elastic force effect, and its active edges is conducted heat and is connected with cover glass tube;
Or, described controlled heat transfer path comprises temperature-sensitive permanent-magnet steel, the hot wing of soft iron, transmission levers and connection circlip, and described controlled heat transfer path has two kinds of stable states: transmission levers rises and promotes the unlatching heat conduction state that the hot wing active edges of soft iron raises up and conducts heat while connecting cover glass tube; Transmission levers declines and makes the curved adiabatci condition of closing of not conducting heat while connecting cover glass tube under the hot wing active edges of soft iron; The fixed edge low thermal resistance of the hot wing of soft iron connects inner glass tube tail end or place, bottom, heat pipe hot junction; The stage casing of transmission levers puts in the active edges below of the hot wing of soft iron in its free end of temperature-sensitive permanent-magnet steel top; Temperature-sensitive permanent-magnet steel has magnetic, and transmission levers is attracted to decline by temperature-sensitive permanent-magnet steel and makes the curved connection cover glass tube that do not conduct heat under the hot wing active edges of soft iron; Temperature-sensitive permanent-magnet steel loss of excitation, transmission levers raises up to conduct heat by the hot wing active edges of self resilient force rising promotion soft iron and connects cover glass tube;
Inside, described heat pipe hot junction contain working medium sticking interception device for sticking interception from above the liquid refrigerant position gathered, liquid refrigerant bottom when raising heat pipe end-of-job, described working medium sticking interception device overlays in heat pipe hot junction inwall or working medium sticking interception device dependence self elasticity and overlays in heat pipe hot junction inwall with jump ring, specifically comprises:
In inwall bottom, heat pipe hot junction, contain annular hopper shape thing working medium sticking interception device, annular hopper shape thing contains storage liquid space or annular hopper shape thing forms storage liquid space because of the change of heat pipe spatiality; Annular hopper shape thing is greater than 40 millimeters from the spacing distance of heat pipe bottom and is less than 20% of heat pipe hot junction total length;
Or, in glass heat pipe hot junction inner bottom, containing short cylinder liquid-sucking core working medium sticking interception device, short cylinder liquid-sucking core is along the circumferential layout of heat pipe inner wall; Short cylinder liquid-sucking core is less than 20% of heat pipe hot junction total length from the spacing distance of heat pipe bottom;
Or the slice capillary wick working medium sticking that contains 2 to 30 millimeters of width at inner bottom place, glass heat pipe hot junction is tackled device, the length of slice capillary wick is 10% to 50% of heat pipe hot end length; The lower end of slice capillary wick is 0 to 200 millimeter from the distance of heat pipe bottom;
Or, at inner bottom place, glass heat pipe hot junction, containing a sparse core net working medium sticking interception device being formed by the slice capillary wick of 2 to 10 millimeters of some width, the area of sparse core net is less than 5% of described heat pipe hot junction inner wall area.
Can also make: outside 700 ± 50 watts/square metre of sunshine exposures, heat pipe cold junction 40 ± 5 ℃ of water temperatures, heat collecting element axial line be that north-south is in tilted layout and the angle of its axial line and incident sunlight within the scope of 90 ± 20 ° under condition: described annular hopper shape thing or described short cylinder liquid-sucking core or described slice capillary wick or described sparse core net hold liquid refrigerant quality≤its maximum liquid refrigerant volume of holding 25%;
Or, described annular hopper shape thing or described short cylinder liquid-sucking core or described slice capillary wick or the maximum liquid refrigerant of the described sparse core net volume of holding >=4 milliliter; Outside 700 ± 50 watts/square metre of sunshine exposures, heat pipe cold junction 40 ± 5 ℃ of water temperatures, heat collecting element axial line be that north-south is in tilted layout and the angle of its axial line and incident sunlight within the scope of 90 ± 20 ° under condition, described annular hopper shape thing or described short cylinder liquid-sucking core or described slice capillary wick or described sparse core net are held quality≤0.9 milliliter of liquid refrigerant.
Can also make described heat collecting element tail end for be no more than the part of heat collecting element total length 6% forward from heat collecting element tail end bottom outer surface.
Beneficial effect of the present invention: with respect to dispel the heat to prevent the technical scheme of heat pipe bombing when the air drying by starting described controllable heat dissipation passage by uniform controllable heat dissipation passage in vacuum heat collection element vacuum heat-insulating layer; the present invention relies on the empty sun protection method that liquid refrigerant, blocking-up inside heat pipe two phase flow heat transfer are collected in the heat radiation of place, heat collecting element heat pipe bottom, and heat radiation power can reduce greatly.For example, the original output heat collecting element of 70 watts, 3 milliliters of working medium filling weights, adopt the scheme that controlled heat transfer path is set between heat collecting element absorber and cover glass-tube, during air drying, increase by 40 watts of heat radiation powers, inside heat pipe temperature is the highest to be also had more than 150 ℃, and corresponding water vapor pressure still can reach the voltage endurance capability that 4.8 atmospheric pressure exceed 1.6 millimeters of glass tubes of 37 millimeters of wall thickness of internal diameter.The present invention is for the glass heat pipe heat collecting element of 70 watts of same outputs, and decompression empty sun protection heat transfer path only needs 10 watts of heat radiation powers, just can when air drying occurs, with the speed of 0.25 ml/min, absorb the water of inside heat pipe.Air drying started after approximately 6 minutes; although 95 ℃ when the temperature of heat pipe may start from empty sun protection are at that time increased to approximately 114 to 123 ℃; but heat pipe hot junction is inner except all dry up in place, bottom, vapour pressure has been less than 2 atmospheric pressure, and heat pipe has been protected in a safe condition.The heat radiation power of saving 30 watts makes cost have larger reduction, reduces heat transfer path venting 75% and the reliability of vacuum heat-insulating layer are increased substantially.Key is the empty sun protection problem that can effectively solve heat collector tube element.The present invention adopts a small-power empty sun protection device just can guarantee that inside heat pipe water vapor pressure is no more than 2 atmospheric pressure all the time, and does not affect the normal work of heat collecting element completely.
Heat straight-tube heat transfer area is large, rigidity strong, it is few to the absorption resource occupation of heat collecting element to utilize heat collecting element bottom to build heat transfer path.Employing is with the heat straight-tube of extension diameter section, for the abundant heat transfer between the thinner wing plate heat pipe of diameter and the thicker cover glass tube of diameter provides a suitable solution.Temperature-sensitive permanent-magnet steel driving element high conformity, reproducible, control accuracy is high, long service life, performance are satisfactory.
Sparse core net is set in described glass heat pipe inside or annular hopper shape thing is set or short cylinder liquid-sucking core or slice capillary wick at inner bottom place, described glass heat pipe hot junction, when the sun sets, heat pipe hot-side temperature declines, the reverse work of described glass heat pipe: the liquid refrigerant evaporation of the former heat pipe cold junction inner surface being connected with heating load low thermal resistance is also condensed at former heat pipe hot junction inner surface, thereby when gathering when more and downward trickling arrives sparse core net or annular hopper shape thing or slice capillary wick or short cylinder liquid-sucking core, former heat pipe hot junction inner surface liquid refrigerant held back the position of having raised working medium by sticking.The second day sun is out time, once heat pipe hot junction is heated, the liquid refrigerant that is cut liquid by sticking evaporates rapidly and participates in two phase flow heat transfer.Further analyze known: owing to having adopted sparse core net, annular hopper shape thing, short cylinder liquid-sucking core and slice capillary wick, tenfold has increased endotherm area, compare the heating power of working medium startup stage of having increased considerably with the light pipe glass heat pipe that only relies on glass tube walls to draw heat energy from the glass tube top being surrounded by getter minute surface.In winter, heat pipe start-up course, from foreshorten to for more than 140 minute 10 to 30 minutes of original light pipe, is equivalent to heat collector many thermal-arrests every day in winter more than one hour.For the heat collecting element that adopts annular hopper shape thing, when daytime, heat collecting element was normally worked, because annular hopper shape thing only has 45 millimeters from bottom, heat pipe hot junction, even if the solar thermal energy that the dry relevant absorbing film of these 45 millimeters of sections absorbs also can effectively participate in heat exchange to the heat transfer of annular hopper shape thing by glass tube.Use other working medium sticking interception device also can not hold or seldom hold liquid refrigerant when heat pipe is normally worked.With regard to not existing, because using working medium sticking interception device, increase or more increase like this problem of working medium filling weight, thereby both having accelerated to greatest extent heat pipe starts; While making air drying again, the pressure of glass heat pipe inside keeps low level.
Accompanying drawing explanation
Below in conjunction with drawings and Examples, the present invention is further described.
Fig. 1 is that a working medium high position is gathered decompression empty sun protection wing plate heat pipe vacuum heat collection element composite construction schematic diagram.
Fig. 2 is the light-pipe structure gravity assisted heat pipe structural representation of a tiltably-mounted.
Fig. 3 is that a working medium high position is gathered the eccentric heat-tube vacuum heat collecting element of decompression empty sun protection structural representation.
1. heat pipes in figure; 2. cover glass tube; 3. wing plate; 4. inner glass tube; 5. heat straight-tube; 6. temperature-sensitive permanent-magnet steel; 7. soft iron; 8. thermal conductance; 9. transmission steel wire; 10. spring; 11 extension diameter sections; 12. outer ends; 13. short liquid-sucking cores; 14. curved inner glass tubes; 15. outer straight sections; 16. eccentric straight sections; 17. interior straight sections; 18. outer straight changeover portions; 19. interior straight changeover portions; 20. semicircle minute surfaces.
The specific embodiment
Fig. 1 provides one embodiment of the invention.
In Fig. 1; in vacuum heat-insulating layer between wing plate heat pipe vacuum heat collection element cover glass tube 2 tail ends and heat pipe 1 tail end; an embedded straight tube heat-tube vacuum heat collecting element decompression empty sun protection device is set, forms a working medium high position and gather decompression empty sun protection metal heat pipe vacuum heat collection element.Wing plate heat pipe vacuum heat collection element is made by cover glass tube 2 and the inner glass tube 4 nested, concentric layout sealing-ins that are set with wing plate 3; Inner glass tube 4 from sealing-in place stretch out forward and inner vacuum pumping loading working medium after sealed-off make a heat pipe; Wing plate 3 surfaces are manufactured with absorbing film.Empty sun protection device is comprised of temperature-sensitive permanent-magnet steel driving element and heat straight-tube 5.Temperature-sensitive permanent-magnet steel driving element comprises a temperature-sensitive permanent-magnet steel 6 and a soft iron 7; Temperature-sensitive permanent-magnet steel 6 is connected with heat pipe 1 hot junction low thermal resistance by thermal conductance 8.While needing, shadow shield is set on temperature-sensitive permanent-magnet steel 6 and prevents that sunshine direct projection from making its misoperation at the temperature-sensitive permanent-magnet steel 6 in vacuum heat-insulating layer.Thermal conductance has solved the large problem of transmission of heat by contact thermal resistance between temperature-sensitive permanent-magnet steel 6 and heat pipe 1.Soft iron 7 is tied and can moves forward and backward and be in transmission connection by transmission steel wire 9 and heat straight-tube 5 along heat collecting element direction of axis line, and soft iron 7 is subject to spring 10 thrust to pushed away from permanent-magnet steel 6 or has the trend that pushed away from permanent-magnet steel 6.The board making that heat straight-tube 5 available thickness is 0.22 millimeter, heat straight-tube 5 is with one section of extension diameter section 11, the shape of outer end 12 of extension diameter section 11 and matching of cover glass tube 2 tail end inner surfaces.Heat straight-tube 5 adopts one-dimensional movement auxiliary structure low thermal resistance to be connected with heat pipe 1 place, bottom, hot junction, and heat straight-tube 5 can be stretched out to retract along heat pipe 1 direction of axis line and be moved forward and backward.
In heat pipe 1 hot junction inner bottom, short cylinder liquid-sucking core 13 is set, short cylinder liquid-sucking core 13 is along the circumferential layout of heat pipe 1 inwall; Short cylinder liquid-sucking core 13 is from 45 millimeters of the spacing distances of heat pipe bottom; Short cylinder liquid-sucking core 13 adopts glass fibre to make, and 50 millimeters of length, overlay in heat pipe 1 inwall with jump ring.
The operation principle of Fig. 1 embodiment: the heat collecting element that described decompression empty sun protection device is installed when embedding is normally in tilted layout and during not in air drying state; temperature-sensitive permanent-magnet steel 6 temperature that are connected with heat pipe 1 low thermal resistance do not reach loss of excitation temperature; temperature-sensitive permanent-magnet steel 6 hold soft iron 7 by heat straight-tube 5 toward Zola; make heat straight-tube 5 not contact cover glass tube 2 tail ends, empty sun protection device is in closing adiabatci condition.Heat collecting element is thermal-arrest normally.
When heat collecting element is during in air drying state, temperature-sensitive permanent-magnet steel 6 temperature rising magnetic force disappear, and spring 10 is pushed soft iron 7 and heat straight-tube 5 to the right side, heat straight-tube 5 are stretched out conduct heat to connect cover glass tube 2 tail ends, and empty sun protection device is in opening heat conduction state.The heat energy in heat pipe 1 hot junction is lost to environment continually by empty sun protection device.The steam of heat pipe 1 inside flows to place, bottom and condenses and be collected in place, bottom under differential pressure action, clamps down on heat pipe 1 internal pressure all the time in low level, and assurance inside heat pipe pressure low level is realized the empty sun protection of heat collecting element.
Heat collecting element departs from air drying state later, and temperature-sensitive permanent-magnet steel 6 temperature reduce magnetic force to be recovered and attract soft iron 7 to make heat straight-tube 5 retract not conduct heat to connect cover glass tube 2 tail ends, and empty sun protection device is in closing adiabatci condition, and heat collecting element can normally be worked again.
When the heat collecting element of Fig. 1 embodiment turns clockwise approximately 45 degree inclination installation, heat pipe 1 can rely on gravity to realize two phase flow cycle heat exchange, and solar thermal energy is passed to heating load by cold junction continuously.During heat pipe 1 work, because short cylinder liquid-sucking core 13 can not held working medium, so working medium filling weight does not increase, while being conducive to limit air drying, the inner saturated vapor pressure of heat pipe 3 is in low-level.
When the short cylinder liquid-sucking core 13 of Fig. 1 embodiment can be when heat pipe 1 not be worked a large amount of sticking liquid refrigerants, improve the position that former light pipe heat pipe is collected in the working medium of heat pipe 1 bottom.When short cylinder liquid-sucking core 13 can make heat pipe 1 start from 45 millimeters of heat pipe 1 bottom spacing distances from above and below absorb solar thermal energy simultaneously and accelerate to start.
In Fig. 1 embodiment, so allow during the normal work of heat pipe 1 below it the dry or dry short cylinder of part liquid-sucking core 13 of tens of millimeters of sections usually not hold working medium when heat pipe 1 work.When the sun sets, the evaporation of the condensate water of heat pipe 1 cold junction inner surface, comprises that the whole or most working medium of all working medium of this part working medium is by short cylinder liquid-sucking core 13 stickings.
Fig. 1 embodiment is for the wing plate heat pipe vacuum heat collection element of cover glass tube 2 diameters 70; do not adopt at cover glass tube tail end inwall and heat radiation paster is set and between heat pipe 1 hot junction and heat straight-tube 5, heat sink is not set, the heat radiation power of described empty sun protection device also can reach more than 10 watts.
Change the temperature-sensitive permanent-magnet steel driving element in Fig. 1 embodiment into bimetal leaf thermodynamic-driven device or change memory alloy actuator part into or change into and when bellows driving element also can be realized air drying, make heat straight-tube 5 stretch out to conduct heat to connect, working medium is locked in to the empty sun protection mechanism that heat pipe 1 place, bottom, hot junction realizes heat pipe 1 inner pressure relief.
Fig. 3 provides second embodiment of the present invention.
In Fig. 3, in the cover glass tube 2 of the eccentric heat-tube vacuum heat collecting element of bending and the vacuum heat-insulating layer between curved inner glass tube 14, an empty sun protection device is set, forms the empty sun protection bias heat-tube vacuum heat collecting element that reduces pressure.The eccentric heat-tube vacuum heat collecting element of bending, by the curved inner glass tube 14 that outer straight section 15, eccentric straight section 16, interior straight section 17, outer straight changeover portion 18 and interior straight changeover portion 19 form of drawing, is made with the cover glass tube 2 nested arrangement sealing-ins of one end circle envelope.The necking down port sealing-in of the waist of outer straight section 15 and cover glass tube 2, extension is as heat pipe 1 cold junction.The glass shell heat pipe 1 of a bending is made in the sealed-off of the inner vacuum pumping loading working medium of curved inner glass tube 14.The eccentric straight section 5 of curved inner glass tube 14 is that the outer surface in heat pipe 1 hot junction is manufactured with absorbing film; The cover glass tube 2 inner surface Magnetron Sputtered Al Films of approximately 180 degree angle of circumference scopes are made semicircle minute surface 20; Eccentric straight section 5 gos deep into cover glass tube 2 inside; Eccentric straight section 5 with absorbing film is connected with semicircle minute surface 20 optically focused.Empty sun protection device passes hot linked temperature-sensitive permanent-magnet steel driving element by one with heat pipe 1 hot junction and forms with the heat straight-tube 5 that temperature-sensitive permanent-magnet steel driving element is in transmission connection.Temperature-sensitive permanent-magnet steel driving element comprises a temperature-sensitive permanent-magnet steel 6 and soft subsides 7; Temperature-sensitive permanent-magnet steel 6 is connected with heat pipe 1 hot junction low thermal resistance by a thermal conductance 8; While needing, shadow shield is set on temperature-sensitive permanent-magnet steel 6 and prevents that sunshine direct projection from making its misoperation at the temperature-sensitive permanent-magnet steel 6 in vacuum heat-insulating layer.Thermal conductance 8 has solved the large problem of transmission of heat by contact thermal resistance between temperature-sensitive permanent-magnet steel 6 and heat pipe 1.Soft subsides 7 are tied and can move forward and backward and be in transmission connection by transmission steel wire 9 and heat straight-tube 5 along heat collecting element direction of axis line.Soft subsides 7 are subject to spring 10 thrust to pushed away from permanent-magnet steel 6 or have the trend that pushed away from permanent-magnet steel 6.Heat straight-tube 5 adopts one-dimensional movement auxiliary structure low thermal resistances to be connected with the heat pipe 1 interior straight section 17 in place, bottom, hot junction.Heat straight-tube 58 can be stretched out to retract along heat collecting element direction of axis line and be moved forward and backward; Heat straight-tube 5 contains one section of extension diameter section 11, the shape of outer end 12 of extension diameter section 11 and matching of cover glass tube 2 tail end inner surfaces.Heat straight-tube 5 can be made of thin plate.
Optically focused connects the eccentric straight section 5 referring to absorbing film, and with its axial line, the symmetrical plane along semicircle minute surface 20 moves from the top down near semicircle minute surface 20 but does not contact in order to avoid form heat bridge and cause heat-energy losses with semicircle minute surface 20.As seen from Figure 1: enter the sunlight of cover glass tube 2, mid portion directly changes into heat energy on the absorbing film of eccentric straight section 5; The overwhelming majority in two side portions arrives on absorbing film and changes into heat energy through the reflection of semicircle minute surface 20 once or repeatedly.The sunlight passing from the gap between eccentric straight section 5 and cover glass tube 2 likely passes cover glass tube 2 through the reflection of semicircle minute surface 20 and escapes.Gap width between eccentric straight section 5 and cover glass tube 2 is about 2 millimeters.
In heat pipe 1 hot junction inner bottom, short cylinder liquid-sucking core 13 is set.Short cylinder liquid-sucking core 13 adopts glass fibre to make; 50 millimeters of length.Short cylinder liquid-sucking core 13 is along the circumferential layout of heat pipe 1 inwall, from 45 millimeters of the spacing distances of heat pipe bottom, with jump ring, overlays in heat pipe 1 inwall.
The operation principle of Fig. 3 embodiment: the heat collecting element that described decompression empty sun protection device is installed when embedding is normally in tilted layout and during not in air drying state; temperature-sensitive permanent-magnet steel 6 temperature that are connected with heat pipe 1 low thermal resistance do not reach loss of excitation temperature; temperature-sensitive permanent-magnet steel 6 hold soft subsides 7 by heat straight-tube 5 toward Zola; make heat straight-tube 5 not contact cover glass tube 2 tail ends, empty sun protection device is in closing adiabatci condition.Heat collecting element is thermal-arrest normally.
When heat collecting element is during in air drying state; temperature-sensitive permanent-magnet steel 6 temperature rising magnetic force disappear; spring 10 is pushed soft subsides 7 and heat straight-tube 5 to the right side, makes the outer end 12 of heat straight-tube 5 stretch out connection cover glass tube 2 tail ends that conduct heat, and empty sun protection device is in opening heat conduction state.The heat energy in heat pipe 1 hot junction is lost to environment continually by empty sun protection device.The steam of heat pipe 1 inside flows to place, bottom and condenses and be collected in place, bottom under differential pressure action, clamps down on heat pipe 1 internal pressure all the time in low level, and assurance heat pipe 1 internal pressure low level is realized the empty sun protection of heat collecting element.
Heat collecting element departs from air drying state later, and temperature-sensitive permanent-magnet steel 6 temperature reduce magnetic force to be recovered and attract soft subsides 7 to make heat straight-tube 5 retract not conduct heat to connect cover glass tube 2 tail ends, and empty sun protection device is in closing adiabatci condition, and heat collecting element can normally be worked again.
When the heat collecting element of Fig. 3 embodiment turns clockwise approximately 45 degree inclination installation, heat pipe 1 can rely on gravity to realize two phase flow cycle heat exchange, and solar thermal energy is passed to heating load by cold junction continuously.During heat pipe 1 work, because short cylinder liquid-sucking core 13 can not held working medium, so working medium filling weight does not increase, while being conducive to limit air drying, the inner saturated vapor pressure of heat pipe 1 is in low-level.
When the short cylinder liquid-sucking core 13 of Fig. 3 embodiment can be when heat pipe 1 not be worked a large amount of sticking liquid refrigerants, improve the position that former light pipe heat pipe is collected in the working medium of heat pipe 1 bottom.When short cylinder liquid-sucking core 13 can make heat pipe 1 start from 45 millimeters of heat pipe 1 bottom spacing distances from above and below absorb solar thermal energy simultaneously and accelerate to start.
In Fig. 3 embodiment, so allow during the normal work of heat pipe 1 below it the dry or dry short cylinder of part liquid-sucking core 13 of tens of millimeters of sections usually not hold working medium when heat pipe 1 work.When the sun sets, the evaporation of the condensate water of heat pipe 1 cold junction inner surface, comprises that the whole or most working medium of all working medium of this part working medium is by short cylinder liquid-sucking core 13 stickings.
Fig. 3 embodiment, for the wing plate heat pipe vacuum heat collection element of cover glass tube 2 diameters 70, does not adopt at cover glass tube 2 tail end inwalls heat radiation paster is set, and the heat radiation power of described empty sun protection device also can reach more than 10 watts.
Change the temperature-sensitive permanent-magnet steel driving element in Fig. 3 embodiment into bimetal leaf thermodynamic-driven device or change memory alloy actuator part into or change into and when bellows driving element also can be realized air drying, make heat straight-tube 5 stretch out to conduct heat to connect, working medium is locked in to the empty sun protection mechanism that heat pipe 1 place, bottom, hot junction realizes heat pipe 1 inner pressure relief.
Claims (2)
1. a working medium high position is gathered decompression empty sun protection vacuum heat-pipe heat collecting element, comprise the metal heat pipe heat collecting element that can cut down sealing-in cover glass tube and metal fin heat pipe, by cover glass tube with wing plate inner glass tube nested, concentric, arrange the interior glass wing plate heat pipe vacuum heat collection element that sealing-in is made, by cover glass tube and inner glass tube nested, concentric, arrange the all-glass vacuum heat collector tube element that sealing-in is made, with one by the eccentric heat collector tube element made from the sealing-in of cover glass tube nested arrangement with the crooked inner glass tube of the outer straight section of the positive heart with eccentric straight section with by all-glass vacuum thermal-collecting tube, be connected one of plug-in type heat collector tube element made from insertion glass heat pipe low thermal resistance wherein, described heat collecting element is vertical or tilt to install, and described heat pipe relies on gravity work, it is characterized in that the vacuum heat-insulating layer of heat collecting element tail end contains a controlled heat transfer path,
Described controlled heat transfer path comprises heat radiation paster, heat sink, with the thermodynamic-driven device with heat collecting element heat pipe hot junction or inner glass tube heat transfer linkage interface be in transmission connection with thermodynamic-driven device or the middle sheet integrally manufactured with thermodynamic-driven device, described heat transfer path has two kinds of stable states: the middle sheet unlatching heat conduction state while connecting heat sink with heat radiation paster that simultaneously conducts heat; The middle adiabatci condition of closing of conducting heat when different while connecting heat sink with heat radiation paster; Described heat radiation paster is with the low thermal resistance linkage interface with cover glass tube circle end-blocking inner surface and with the heat transfer interface with middle;
Or, described controlled heat transfer path comprises with the thermodynamic-driven device with heat collecting element heat pipe hot junction or inner glass tube heat transfer linkage interface and is in transmission connection with thermodynamic-driven device or the heat straight-tube integrally manufactured with thermodynamic-driven device, and described empty sun protection device has two kinds of stable states: heat straight-tube is stretched out the unlatching heat conduction state conducting heat while connecting cover glass tube tail end; The adiabatci condition of closing that heat straight-tube is retracted and do not conducted heat while connecting cover glass tube tail end; Heat straight-tube directly or by a heat sink adopts the secondary low thermal resistance of one-dimensional movement to be connected with inner glass tube tail end or place, bottom, heat pipe hot junction, and described heat sink is connected with inner glass tube tail end or place, bottom, heat pipe hot junction low thermal resistance; Described heat straight-tube can move forward and backward along heat collecting element direction of axis line; The outer end shape of heat straight-tube and matching of cover glass tube tail end inner surface;
Or described controlled heat transfer path comprises temperature-sensitive permanent-magnet steel, the hot wing of soft iron and connection circlip, described controlled heat transfer path has two kinds of stable states: the unlatching heat conduction state that the hot wing active edges of soft iron raises up and conducts heat while connecting cover glass tube; The curved adiabatci condition of closing of not conducting heat while connecting cover glass tube under the hot wing active edges of soft iron; The fixed edge low thermal resistance of the hot wing of soft iron connects inner glass tube tail end or place, bottom, heat pipe hot junction; Temperature-sensitive permanent-magnet steel is arranged at the active edges below of the hot wing of soft iron; Temperature-sensitive permanent-magnet steel has magnetic, and the hot wing of soft iron is attracted lower curved by temperature-sensitive permanent-magnet steel, and its active edges is not conducted heat and is connected with cover glass tube; Temperature-sensitive permanent-magnet steel loss of excitation, the hot wing of soft iron upwarps under self elastic force effect, and its active edges is conducted heat and is connected with cover glass tube;
Or, described controlled heat transfer path comprises temperature-sensitive permanent-magnet steel, the hot wing of soft iron, transmission levers and connection circlip, and described controlled heat transfer path has two kinds of stable states: transmission levers rises and promotes the unlatching heat conduction state that the hot wing active edges of soft iron raises up and conducts heat while connecting cover glass tube; Transmission levers declines and makes the curved adiabatci condition of closing of not conducting heat while connecting cover glass tube under the hot wing active edges of soft iron; The fixed edge low thermal resistance of the hot wing of soft iron connects inner glass tube tail end or place, bottom, heat pipe hot junction; The stage casing of transmission levers puts in the active edges below of the hot wing of soft iron in its free end of temperature-sensitive permanent-magnet steel top; Temperature-sensitive permanent-magnet steel has magnetic, and transmission levers is attracted to decline by temperature-sensitive permanent-magnet steel and makes the curved connection cover glass tube that do not conduct heat under the hot wing active edges of soft iron; Temperature-sensitive permanent-magnet steel loss of excitation, transmission levers raises up to conduct heat by the hot wing active edges of self resilient force rising promotion soft iron and connects cover glass tube;
Inside, described heat pipe hot junction contain working medium sticking interception device for sticking interception from above the liquid refrigerant position gathered, liquid refrigerant bottom when raising heat pipe end-of-job, described working medium sticking interception device overlays in heat pipe hot junction inwall or working medium sticking interception device dependence self elasticity and overlays in heat pipe hot junction inwall with jump ring, specifically comprises:
In inwall bottom, heat pipe hot junction, contain annular hopper shape thing working medium sticking interception device, annular hopper shape thing contains storage liquid space or annular hopper shape thing forms storage liquid space because of the change of heat pipe spatiality; Annular hopper shape thing is greater than 40 millimeters from the spacing distance of heat pipe bottom and is less than 20% of heat pipe hot junction total length;
Or, in glass heat pipe hot junction inner bottom, containing short cylinder liquid-sucking core working medium sticking interception device, short cylinder liquid-sucking core is along the circumferential layout of heat pipe inner wall; Short cylinder liquid-sucking core is less than 20% of heat pipe hot junction total length from the spacing distance of heat pipe bottom;
Or the slice capillary wick working medium sticking that contains 2 to 18 millimeters of width at inner bottom place, glass heat pipe hot junction is tackled device, the length of slice capillary wick is 10% to 50% of heat pipe hot end length; The lower end of slice capillary wick is 0 to 200 millimeter from the distance of heat pipe bottom;
Or, at inner bottom place, glass heat pipe hot junction, containing a sparse core net working medium sticking interception device being formed by the slice capillary wick of 2 to 10 millimeters of some width, the area of sparse core net is less than 5% of described heat pipe hot junction inner wall area.
2. according to heat collecting element claimed in claim 1, it is characterized in that: outside 700 ± 50 watts/square metre of sunshine exposures, heat pipe cold junction 40 ± 5 ℃ of water temperatures, heat collecting element axial line be that north-south is in tilted layout and the angle of its axial line and incident sunlight within the scope of 90 ± 20 ° under condition: described annular hopper shape thing or described short cylinder liquid-sucking core or described slice capillary wick or described sparse core net hold liquid refrigerant quality≤its maximum liquid refrigerant volume of holding 25%;
Or, described annular hopper shape thing or described short cylinder liquid-sucking core or described slice capillary wick or the maximum liquid refrigerant of the described sparse core net volume of holding >=4 milliliter; Outside 700 ± 50 watts/square metre of sunshine exposures, heat pipe cold junction 40 ± 5 ℃ of water temperatures, heat collecting element axial line be that north-south is in tilted layout and the angle of its axial line and incident sunlight within the scope of 90 ± 20 ° under condition, described annular hopper shape thing or described short cylinder liquid-sucking core or described slice capillary wick or described sparse core net are held quality≤0.9 milliliter of liquid refrigerant.
3. according to heat collecting element claimed in claim 1, it is characterized in that described heat collecting element tail end for being no more than the part of heat collecting element total length 6% forward from heat collecting element tail end bottom outer surface.
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| CN201310141322.3A CN103225919B (en) | 2013-04-22 | 2013-04-22 | Working medium high-position gathering pressure-reduction heat collection component for protecting vacuum heat pipe from stagnation |
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| CN201310141322.3A CN103225919B (en) | 2013-04-22 | 2013-04-22 | Working medium high-position gathering pressure-reduction heat collection component for protecting vacuum heat pipe from stagnation |
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| CN103225919B true CN103225919B (en) | 2014-11-12 |
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Citations (3)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| WO1981001044A1 (en) * | 1979-10-09 | 1981-04-16 | S Yard | Sealing-and venting device for a solar collector |
| CN102003805A (en) * | 2009-09-03 | 2011-04-06 | 施国庆 | Heat accumulation type temperature control vacuum heat collection element without thermal short circuit |
| CN203240808U (en) * | 2013-04-22 | 2013-10-16 | 海宁伊满阁太阳能科技有限公司 | Working medium high-position gathering pressure-reduction idle-sunning protection vacuum heat tube heat collection element |
-
2013
- 2013-04-22 CN CN201310141322.3A patent/CN103225919B/en not_active Expired - Fee Related
Patent Citations (3)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| WO1981001044A1 (en) * | 1979-10-09 | 1981-04-16 | S Yard | Sealing-and venting device for a solar collector |
| CN102003805A (en) * | 2009-09-03 | 2011-04-06 | 施国庆 | Heat accumulation type temperature control vacuum heat collection element without thermal short circuit |
| CN203240808U (en) * | 2013-04-22 | 2013-10-16 | 海宁伊满阁太阳能科技有限公司 | Working medium high-position gathering pressure-reduction idle-sunning protection vacuum heat tube heat collection element |
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