CN103306419B - Earthquake-proof energy-saving chained block - Google Patents

Abstract

Earthquake-proof energy-saving chained block is a new block-type for concrete small size hollow building block, and its feature has two kinds of chain and two kinds of thermal insulation schemes can select and use: drive the chain keyway of matrix at the lower planes of block wall; Block rib first half otch is formed transverse passage-way, and it and vertical hole formation arrange steel concrete within the walls becomes not only load-bearing but also the reinforced masonry without form removal, makes every block building block all form building integral with the steel concrete of beam column ground floor roofing chain; Do not fill with in concrete vestibule and paste aluminium foil face-to-face, band air space sandwich heat preservation; Drive locating slot on the rib top of air space, groove interpolation thermal insulation slab separate vestibule, plate insulation; It can adapt to different power conservation requirement in all parts of the country, more can resist violent earthquake and not collapse, live cool in summer and warm in winter, guarantees that safety is perfectly safe.

Description

Earthquake-proof energy-saving chained block

(1) technical field:

This earthquake-proof energy-saving chained block is the new block-type of concrete small size hollow building block (being called for short little building block), belongs to the composite wall body material of load bearing wall infilled wall.

(2) background technology:

Since reform and opening-up, for promoting national economy sustainable development and preserving the ecological environment, government takes progressively to limit to prohibit the use up to now and produces loam brick measure, simultaneously Basic national topographic map huge fund has bought the most efficient state-of-the-art little block machine and complete set technology and equipment from American-European Japan, various places adopt ordinary concrete, the various material prescription such as light aggregate concrete, produce large batch of little building block, there is single row of holes, double-row hole, many rounds block-type, nation-building authorities have have also developed and published the national standard of " Small Concrete Hollow Block Building tecnical regulations " and Related product, define the building system that complete sets of Techniques is complete, it has become China and has dominated materials for wall.At the turn of the century during the little building block multistoried housing construction of national large-scale promotion, drawbacks such as occurring that body of wall splits, ooze, be hot, little building block load bearing wall multi-storey building 4,500,000 square meter has been built in Shanghai City continuously, result has generality and regular crack, because quality problems are complained more, local authorities are announced, the little building block building of bearing system is advanced no longer on a large scale.A lot of provinces and regions, the whole nation and then all dare not again with it, it is difficult that building block factory subsists, mould have to be changed and do solid concrete brick according to common brick specification, the requirement of country to building energy conservation, from last century energy-conservation 30%, new century requires energy-conservation 50%, Beijing-Shanghai Hangzhoupro requires to reach energy-conservation 65%, last year, Beijing proposed to want energy-conservation 75%, power conservation requirement progressively improves, western China recurs violent earthquake in recent years, people's lives and properties are sustained losses severely, therefore the reliable earthquake-proof energy-saving of high-quality and economical and practical new walling are badly in need of in the construction of various places and post-disaster reconstruction especially.New edition " Small Concrete Hollow Block Building tecnical regulations " JGJ/T14-2011 issues enforcement, for little building block development indicates direction, has increased the design and construction requirement of multilayer, high-rise built with ribbed bricks building in code newly, with multinomial technology such as composite heat insulation block wall body structure design and construction requirements, there is the technical foundation of these two aspects, reinforced masonry and heat-preserving wall are combined together, naturally be the requirement of economic technology development, meet the novel little building block that earthquake-proof energy-saving requirement can build multilayer and high-rise heat-preserving building, raising construction quality is always promoted to some extent, metropolitan highrise building 15 layers of 18 layers of needs are thick for 19cm little building block, fill with steel concrete, the multistory building of so a large amount of small and medium-sized cities there is no need again steel concrete to be filled in building block thick for 19cm the building of this less than seven layers, reduce the thickness of armored concrete, being used for doing insulation layer wouldn't be make the best of both worlds, this composite block just in time meets the needs of Urbanization Construction, also can be applicable to highrise building upper floor, the building block that this arrangement of reinforcement is incubated again has significant market demand in China's Urbanization Construction simultaneously.

(3) summary of the invention:

The object of invention earthquake-proof energy-saving chained block, will with the theory of science, draw the enlightenment that various places wall reform is useful, create a kind of novel little building block adapting to Chinese practice, the drawbacks such as little building block building splits, oozes, heat that it can effectively overcome, can resist violent earthquake assures the safety for life and property of the people, Different climate region, China vast north and south power conservation requirement can be adapted to again, reach inhabitation cool in summer and warm in winter, anti-shock robustness can not collapse, and economical and practical compound new walling.

Technical scheme of the present invention is the wall rib structure by improving existing little building block, formed with selecting the aluminium foil of complex reflex thermal insulation, its feature have two kinds of chain and two kinds of thermal isolation technique schemes can for select and and: one, the lower planes centering that the chain optical plane up and down by wall (comprise parallel with wall in partition) of horizontal mortar joint changes wall into drives the chain keyway of matrix, but can not be open-minded with both sides inside and outside wall, guarantee that bar face lower edges is perfect, the longitudinally wide dark and chain keyway of narrow shallow alternate slub type can be driven in lower planes center along wall, or drive the chain keyway of being laterally separated by side by side, and open vertical ash-pit at the both ends of the surface center of wall, anyhow mortar joint all wants tight full, two, building integral is chain is exactly by single row of holes block-type chain for entirety, double-row hole block-type, the rib first half otch of three round block-type forms transverse passage-way in block, rib is high to have reduced by half into half rib, it forms and arranges reinforcing bar anyhow within the walls together with vertical hole, irrigation hole concrete does not need the combined wall template dismantled, steel concrete and beam column are all used in the little building block of each block of whole building, ground, the comprehensive comprehensive anchoring of building roof, chain one-tenth steel concrete entirety, just become the roughly the same NEW TYPE OF COMPOSITE bearing wall of reinforced masonry, but this round end face and constructional column linkage interface plate of not establishing steel concrete within the walls be cut off can not spillage, spillage will affect effect of sandwich insulating herein, the chain body of wall of building integral should open clean out by regulatory requirements in the building block of foundation first skin, the window of colligation is connected up and down as foreign material and vertical joint bar and longitudinal reinforcement in cleaning hole, certainly after completing these two work, clean out be closed can not spillage, three round block-type also need out two-layer clean out, should process equally with block inside holding when clean out is closed, there is tendon bricking force wall structure, constructional column is had to connect longitudinal cross wall by code wall end, add reinforced concrete floor floor roof panel to be again interconnected, just form complete earthquake proof construction: three, the sandwich heat-insulation and heat-preservation of aluminium foil with air space is not establishing this round of steel concrete, the top of rib is also notch, also form transverse passage-way, rib is cold bridge heat bridge, cut off half, also half rib has been become, increase thermal resistance, improve self heat-insulating property, again wall with interior between the relative two sides of wall paste aluminium foil, namely the sandwich heat-insulation and heat-preservation composite bearing wall of aluminium foil of band air space is formed, exterior wall three round block-type in severe cold area can do dual heat-insulation and heat-preservation by inside and outside two rounds, inner side one round is also provided convenience for installing pipeline, four, vestibule interpolation thermal insulation slab heat-insulation and heat-preservation is not establishing this round of steel concrete, the first half of rib drives vertical locating slot, vestibule is separated at the thermal insulation slab of locating slot interpolation aluminium foil veneer, the base material of thermal insulation slab should adopt the polystyrol plastic foam plate meeting fire-fighting national standard, its gabarite should be block length and adds that mortar joint is loose to be taken advantage of block high to add mortar joint loose, thickness and the locating slot of thermal insulation slab match, thermal insulation slab plate basifacial wants gap mutually embedding with rib at the bottom of locating slot, guarantee that thermal insulation slab is inserted into location, block baseplane, and make joint close between adjacent panels up and down, the setting of block every round half rib: grout arrangement of reinforcement layer adopts three rib holes block termination, road half groove cavities structures, to sweep buccal mass type consistent with the opening or cleaning that code is specified, and is convenient to longitudinal reinforcement and is connected colligation with vertical joint bar and fixes, paste sandwich heat preservation and the thermal insulation slab separate air interbed of aluminium foil with air space face-to-face, rib is made into twice half rib structure, reduce heat bridge and improve block self heat-insulating property, grout arrangement of reinforcement layer also can be re-established as twice half rib, middle both sides, a hole half bore, can at the elongated vertical reinforcement of the first pre-buried spacing 400mm of body of wall, then established at this two ends the building block of half bore to be embedded in mutually between two vertical reinforcements and build upper wall by laying bricks or stones, the method that muscle straight joint is built by laying bricks or stones is vertically led in this employing, existing local code instructs engineering, and also having several successful to implement precedent, is also a kind of effective construction method, many rounds block is heavier, can reduce to 140mm or 90mm by high for block, thicken in block and establish reinforced concrete structure layer thickness, just can be applied to middle-high building body of wall, various block-type is all the main block-type of the little building block of external wall compound above, interior wall uses and can not paste the slotting thermal insulation slab of aluminium foil, but can be used as pipeline installation passage, the protection domain of above-mentioned series structure feature composition independent claims.Supporting length of still needing when building a wall is 3/4,1/4,1/2 block-type, and width changes block-type that is thin and that thicken, and its structure is all consistent with main block-type, and can mutually be connected.For adapting to the supporting needs that in building, elevator staircase, bottom wall are reinforced especially, therefore the single row of holes block-type without sandwich insulating is also listed in wherein.

The available benefit of the invention process is as follows:

1, vertical hole has been opened in little building block, and slurry surface slurry surface is reduced, and mortar joint adhesion stress can significantly decline, and the little building block of every block is expanded with heat and contract with cold, and moisture expansion and drying shrinkage all can cause block two ends to the breathing displacement of block center.The centering fissure of displacement is built by laying bricks or stones, the rule that hypodermis little building block breathing direction is contrary will be formed, adhesion stress is little will be concentrated and weakness pull-out crack at wall stress, improve tension shearing resistance and must drive chain keyway by upper and lower optical plane at the wall that original friction factor is little, after when building by laying bricks or stones, mortar embedding matrix keyway solidifies, equal to have imbedded positioning key uniformly at horizontal mortar joint, these keys can limit the little building block relative displacement of hypodermis, there are this newly-increased groove and key positive mechanical to retrain, concrete block wall crack difficulty can have been captured.The upper and lower mortar joint of building block wall is chain positioning key, for adding agglomerate body thermal resistance deep slotting mouth on rib, still can provide safeguard for the load-carrying members of wall are stable.

2, at the larger body of wall of area that above-mentioned employing horizontal mortar joint is chain, internal and external factor is had to need at body of wall internal reinforcement, punching beam can be added again chain, but the constructional column at punching beam steel and wall two ends or upright of frame embedded bar must be connected anchoring, above-mentioned two kinds of chain and use, it is perfectly safe to protect.

3, building integral is chain is really played the hollow technical advantage of little building block, it is load bearing wall, one deck cavity steel bar concrete reinforcement constitutes the reinforced masonry not needing form removal wherein again, it makes little building block plain concrete fragility material, escalate into the hard and soft toughness material taken into account, realize the body of wall of fragility to toughness qualitative change, it has ready-made notch, more easy to use than the dedicated building block of the band function seam of specifying in code, it need not knock notch open in block limit, limit, show from earthquake calamity, conscientiously precast floor slab should do not re-used, must with the bar connecting anchoring of cast-in-situ steel reinforced concrete floor floor roof panel, form the chain house of building integral that steel concrete hexahedron supports mutually, it is structurally the most reasonable science, according to local requirements for fortification against earthquake and relevant regulations design and construction, the chain house of the building integral so built up, ensure that building aseismicity does not fall apart, do not collapse, people life property safety can be saved from damage in earthquake disaster, benefit is just self-evident.This is the engineering for descendants insures.

4, building energy conservation has been state plans, in block, do not fill with concrete vestibule retain loss of weight space to have transformed air space aluminium foil sandwich heat preservation layer into be function upgrading, it does not increase thickness of wall body, but can reduce unit weight, play heat-insulation and heat-preservation and save energy consumption effect, and price is the cheapest.Aluminium foil is applied to architectural be it advantage wood property determine, be separated by around the jet pipe of jet fighter high temperature flame flame 10 centimetres be exactly fuel tank, therebetween employing aluminium foil heat insulation, technically reliable is undoubtedly, aluminium foil is applied in cool in summer and warm in winter within the walls, find after more than 40 year, pull down aluminium foil and detect that heat-proof quality result is substantially identical with new aluminium foil not to be become, Hangzhou industrial building design institute is in constant temperature engineering, freezer engineer applied aluminium foil heat insulation and preservation effect is fine, even build in pilot at staff quarters, application aluminium foil compares test at the identical Unit two of adjacent area structure, one of them unit from roof system to common brick wall interlayer and curtain all use individual layer aluminium foil heat-insulation and heat-preservation, midsummer is automatic Record Comparison testing result reduce 5-5.5 DEG C, severe winter height 7.3-8.5 DEG C, other heat insulating materials of the cost ratio of aluminium foil are all low, be because aluminium foil thin light again (thickness is less than 0.01 millimeter, every square meter weighs 27 grams, 1 kilogram has 37 square meter areas), China's aluminium foil production capacity is large, aluminium ore reserve is also large, really go up to the sky to bless, recently CCTV announces national steel iron cement electrolytic aluminiums in 2012 all production capacity surpluses, therefore aluminium foil heat-insulation and heat-preservation is adopted, multiplex chained block builds a house, bring benefit to the people and can promote that national economy balances and accelerate development in order.

(4) accompanying drawing illustrates:

To be GB block-type set up the top view of the chain keyway of slub type, lateral view and broken section at wall lower planes to Fig. 1,2.

Fig. 3,4 is local top view, lateral view and the broken section recommending double-row hole block-type to set up the chain keyway of slub type in Shanghai-Hangzhou.

Fig. 5 is that Shanghai recommends three round block-type to set up the top view of the chain keyway of slub type.

Fig. 6,7,8 is that the chain keyway of type of being laterally separated by side by side set up up and down by double-row hole (row's three road half rib armored concretes a, row has air space twice half rib aluminium foil sandwich heat preservation) wall, block-type is faced, side-looking, top view.

Fig. 9 is (aluminium foil coverlay plastic foamboard) thermal insulation slab elevation.

Figure 10,11 is double-row hole (row's three road half rib armored concretes, thermal insulation slab inserted by row's twice half rib locating slot) block-type side-looking, top view.

To be that double-row hole (a deploying reinforced concrete one row have air space aluminium foil sandwich heat preservation) block-type is counter to build on wall steel-bar arrangement schematic diagram anyhow to Figure 12.

Figure 13,14 is that overlook, lateral view by block-type for double-row hole (a deploying reinforced concrete one is arranged the outer bar face of back cover and pasted aluminium foil).

Figure 15,16 is that overlook, lateral view by the chain block-type of horizontal mortar joint for double-row hole (row establishes punching beam one to arrange two through hole three rib).

Figure 17,18,19 be three rounds (middle deploying reinforced concrete both sides row have air space aluminium foil sandwich heat preservation) 390 × 240 × 190 (millimeter) block-type is faced, side-looking, top view.Many rounds block is heavier, can reduce to 140mm or 90mm by high for block.

Figure 20 is three rounds (middle row establishes punching beam both sides to arrange and establishes aluminium foil sandwich heat preservation and concealed installation pipeline) block-type lateral view.

Figure 21 is that three rounds widen block-type (middle deploying reinforced concrete both sides row has air space aluminium foil sandwich heat preservation) bottom view.

Figure 22 is double-row hole (row's establishing reinforced concrete one row is provided with air space aluminium foil sandwich heat preservation) block-type bottom view.

In accompanying drawing: 1 is chain keyway (comprising matrix, longitudinal slub type, type of being laterally separated by side by side); 2 is U-type groove; 3 is notch; 4 is half rib; 5 is transverse passage-way; 6 is aluminium foil; 7 is thermal insulation slab locating slot; 8 is (aluminium foil coverlay plastic foamboard) thermal insulation slab; 9 is vertical reinforcement (i.e. longitudinal reinforcement); 10 is lacing wire (lateral tie); 11 is horizontal reinforcement; 12 is the step of U-type groove port; 13 is (up/down perforation) hole; 14 is the breach mutually embedding with (under locating slot) rib; 15 is groove (cavity); 16 is vertical ash-pit; 17 is (back cover) hole; 18 is half bore.

Details are as follows by reference to the accompanying drawings:

Fig. 1,2 is national standard block-type, the present invention goes out the chain keyway of slub type of matrix longitudinal direction in the lower planes mold pressing of wall, build by laying bricks or stones by the hypodermis centering fissure of displacement in code, after masonry mortar embedding keyway solidifies, just evenly imbed positioning key at horizontal mortar joint, the positive mechanical restraint forces having had this to newly increase, the chain realization of horizontal mortar joint, wall body slit difficulty can be captured.Fig. 3,4 is that block-type is recommended in place, Shanghai-Hangzhou, set up the chain keyway of slub type, block is consistent with national standard is 390 × 190 × 190 (millimeters), Fig. 5 (Shanghai) block-type is 390 × 240 × 190 (millimeters), two kinds of ground diamond types are all hole back covers, there is the feature of oneself, unanimously with chain keyway function to can be used together.Fig. 6, 7, 8 is main block-type that double-row hole is built for less than five layers load bearing walls, wall belongs to chain keyway of being laterally separated by side by side up and down, inner side one row arrangement steel concrete anyhow, outside one row is the aluminium foil sandwich heat preservation layer having air space, aluminium foil just posts in building block factory, first build at foundation the building block that a skin opens clean out when building by laying bricks or stones by code, in building block, plane sets horizontal reinforcement by designing requirement, and complete mortar, again by building block notch (transverse passage-way) down, anti-block is on horizontal reinforcement, skin one skin like this is counter to be built, and add horizontal reinforcement by plan, build wall top by laying bricks or stones, the hole of specifying from wall top by plan is again to the vertical longitudinal reinforcement of hole interpolation, be inserted at the bottom of hole, the vertical joint bar stretched out with collar tie beam overlaps colligation at clean out, cleaning hole rear enclosed clean out, anyhow reinforcing bar all will be connected after anchoring with building beam column by regulatory requirements, press operating provision irrigation hole concrete again, just building integral can be realized chain.The base material of thermal insulation slab shown in Fig. 9 is all with the plastic foamboard meeting fire-fighting requirements, and insert locating slot after aluminium foil coverlay and separate vestibule, two-sided have air space, and insulation effect is good, processing easy construction.Figure 10,11 belongs to the sandwich heat preservation preferred option that vestibule separated by thermal insulation slab.To be that double-row hole block-type is counter build wall steel-bar arrangement schematic diagram anyhow to Figure 12.Figure 13,14 directly pastes aluminium foil in bar face, and inner side is widened row's back cover load-bearing outside armored concrete and is applicable to multistory building exterior wall.Figure 15,16 be secretly set punching beam reinforcing wall in infilled wall pick out type, the block-type of this band U-type groove all can not instead be built, only have and just build U-type groove and can establish cast-in-place punching beam reinforcing wall upward, the block-type that it and double-row hole three rib are provided with chain keyway can go up the hypodermis centering fissure of displacement and be connected chain, this two kinds of block-type with realizing the chain dual fail-safe chain with horizontal mortar joint of punching beam.Figure 17, 18, 19 is three round block-type that body of wall thickeies to 240 millimeters, both sides vestibule is with between twice half rib drawknot wall, compared with arranging holes three rib with tradition one, heat bridge cuts off 2/3rds, namely strengthen thermal resistance and improve self heat preservation and insulation, middle round and code specify the same three road half rib two circular cavities of establishing of block-type to have larger width as armored concrete deck, easy construction is reliable, both sides row can be used as and pastes aluminium foil face-to-face and have air space, better heat preservation, the building in the north of the applicable cold of exterior wall so, inside it, a round also has transverse passage-way, for concealed pipe and line is provided convenience within the walls, metope is filled up again without the need to embed pipe with trough, aluminium foil can not be pasted as load-bearing internal partition wall, concealed installation pipeline is all convenient in wall both sides, the upper and lower complete matching load-bearing of its four road wall, building integral is good to have armored concrete structure to ensure again, violent earthquake also can not cave in again, it has not been the general load bearing wall that brick assembles, it has been the stereochemical structure that six mutual drawknots that reinforced concrete surrounding adds lid and bottom support mutually, stay in the inside safety perfectly safe also cool in summer and warm in winter, six, the multistory building load bearing wall of seven layers and high-rise reinforcing bars building block building top floor adopt it most suitable.Figure 20 establishes punching beam block-type in being, can be used for frame construction infilled wall horizontal mortar joint chained block wall reinforcement position, punching beam steel must be connected anchoring with two ends column.Figure 21 looks schematic diagram at the bottom of 240 mm wide block arrangement of reinforcement relative positions, first mortar is completed at hypodermis building block slurry surface during operation, horizontal reinforcement is placed by designing requirement, build horizontal reinforcement above by transverse passage-way is counter in little building block bottom surface upward down again, make glues pouring machine along transverse passage-way and hole unblocked gap of not boxing out anyhow, an entirety is all filled with in the little building block of every block on wall, realizes building integral chain.Figure 22 looks steel-bar arrangement schematic diagram at the bottom of 190 mm wide double-row hole block-type, reduces by a round chamber than Figure 21 block-type, and sandwich heat preservation layer twice half rib is arranged, heat bridge cuts off half, and block self thermal resistance strengthens, and heat-insulation and heat-preservation is better, just aluminium foil in block is posted in building block factory, easy construction, in figure, grout arrangement of reinforcement layer is both sides, hole half pore structure in the middle of twice half rib, be convenient between the vertical reinforcement of 400mm spacing, build wall by laying bricks or stones, also transverse passage-way is established in block, inside have between horizontal reinforcement and concrete ditch via holes, so adopt vertical same seam (i.e. vertical straight joint) to build by laying bricks or stones, also be technically reliable, and existing many successes precedent, western Hunan several engineering practice, subjected to time test, all obtain good economic and social profit, vertical same seam is adopted to build by laying bricks or stones and can not open clean out, first vertical vertical elongated reinforcing bar, do not need to overlap upper and lower reinforcing bar again, anyhow reinforcing bar can directly colligation accurate positioning, and double reinforcing bar can be established to improve mechanical property of masonry, also can water vibrated concrete in block limit, limit, omnidistance in lower construction directly perceived, construction quality is reliably guaranteed.The above-mentioned sandwich heat preservation layer having air space, should arrange drain hole by regulatory requirements at floor bearing surface.Several drawings all indicate the outer heat insulation building block that aluminium foil is pasted in bar face above, need before delivery according to user, block bar face is posted aluminium foil to be facilitated feasible, but the exposed face of the mortar joint beam column floor roofing of aluminium foil together with interblock after building block is built into wall pastes aluminium foil, most economical is also feasible, the exterior wall of this external reflectance pastes aluminium foil outer heat insulation technology, the wide geographic area exterior wall optimum of Xia Redong cold-peace hot summer and warm winter zone and the most effective outer provision for thermal insulation, this is also the technical measures that the national sector standard " Small Concrete Hollow Block Building tecnical regulations " meeting The Ministry of Construction of the People's Republic of China, MOC's issue requires, the building operations of aluminium foil veneer is easy to maintenance, there is metallic luster do not seep water, silvery white true qualities can be kept for a long time, Treatment Solution can be utilized to obtain various beautiful colors if need decorate, even can be processed into variable color aluminium foil, can with direction of illumination and pedestrian position change, automatic change surface color and polish, architectural decoration is obtained bright and glittering.

(5) detailed description of the invention:

The enforcement of this invention is a system engineering involved a wide range of knowledge, be related to all sectors of society, list is discussed from business technical elements, the first step just must have special forming machine and mould, because existing forming machine both domestic and external all doubles as bed die with supporting plate and produces little building block, produce earthquake-proof energy-saving chained block, a set of liftable bed die must be set up on existing forming machine, framed and top board are also transformed accordingly simultaneously, object is exactly arrange punch at the chain keyway place of the upper and lower surface matrix of forming blocks body wall, there is new die (comprising new framed new pressing plate) and set up the forming machine of a set of liftable bed die, just can produce earthquake-proof energy-saving chained block, this part technological transformation, as long as the machine making factory with Machine Design and manufacturing capacity can complete, by adhesive row secondary operations again after the little block forming of clad aluminum foil need, there is product can carry out necessary test, the requirement be up to state standards, batch production can be organized, designing institute can according to the seismic fortification intensity of locality, energy-conservation thermal property requirement, and specify by national standard " building structure RELIABILITY DESIGN unified standard " safe class, design ap-plication is to construction work, when design alternative earthquake-proof energy-saving chained block block-type, strictly must defer to scientific principles, ensure rational nargin, ancients' vallum builds a house a grade wind and rain, not that prevailing condition limit with steel, nowadays building high room also wants antidetonation to ensure not collapse, this definitely must not economize with steel place, within 2012, national steel production capacity is superfluous, economize excessive hidden danger of just staying to bring disaster upon and descendant, so design and construct for descendants's highly responsible theory that ensures safety with project of vital and lasting importance is perfectly safe, energy-saving application: it once invests permanent being benefited, so standard answers for up not for down, cold severe cold area, the north, three round block-type applied by exterior wall, the insulation of inside and outside double layer sandwich can be done, the foam insulation that aluminium foil is pasted on the most handy insertion two sides of row, outside one separates vestibule, and inner side one is arranged and pasted aluminium foil face-to-face, and air space still can be made pipeline and install passage, Xia Redong cold-peace hot summer and warm winter region can, by three rounds or double-row hole block-type, only need outside one row to do sandwich heat preservation, do above-mentioned sandwich heat preservation, also should by national standard requirement, isothermal holding is done to the exposed face of beam column building roof, namely the easiest method is that whole building pastes one deck aluminium foil outward, this is also the measure meeting regulatory requirements, that need make building external decoration still can adopt the plug-in dry method assembling construction processing of decoration panel (as sieve protects plate), but air space between aluminium foil composite wall surface and link plate should be kept to optimize heat preservation and insulation, antidetonation is applied: in framed building, make infilled wall, only need arrange built-in fitting at body of wall periphery beam column can be connected anchoring with punching beam steel, can provide convenience secretly setting within the walls beam column reinforcing, the chain keyway of horizontal mortar joint upper and lower surface, must fill up with mortar when building by laying bricks or stones and strike off, then with special 400mm mortar joint shaping mould, fill up mortar in mould to strike off and tip upside down on every bar wall of slurry surface, building by laying bricks or stones of perps is also first filled up by each for perps both sides bar wall end face ash-pit mortar to strike off, by block end faces to be built upward, with 190mm mortar joint shaping mould, strike off tip upside down on after block building block every bar wall end face by filling up mortar in mould, this building block could be built upper wall, and afterburning compacted mortar joint mortar, careful operation like this could not be starched in blank not drop, ensure that mortar joint is tight full anyhow, drop is starched discontentedly again, chain function could be secure, only has the workman's ability operation on duty grasping rigorous operation through training, having horizontal mortar joint, chain to add punching beam chain, dual chain infilled wall quality is naturally reliable, building integral is applied chain in multistory building, given full play to the hollow peculiar advantage of little building block completely, build a wall as adopted three round block-type, it is the load bearing wall of four road wall consistencies from top to bottom, a middle round chamber steel concrete is filled, make whole wall chain integral, and connect to by cast-in-place collar tie beam, constructional column, floor, floor, roof panel the six-sided solids space mutually supported, by little for the plain concrete of fragility building block, promote and become the reinforced masonry building of the moistureproof steel concrete toughness of energy heat-insulation and heat-preservation sound insulation.The chain building of this entirety builds the little building block of the first skin by code by laying bricks or stones from foundation, clean out should be opened inside the body of wall that plan has vertical reinforcement hole, and be clean out preparation cover plate, three round block-type also will open two-layer clean out, could strive dry for cleaning at the bottom of a middle round, also will longitudinal reinforcement and collar tie beam stretch out by hole whereby vertical joint bar to be connected colligation firm, cover closure clean out is used after completing cleaning colligation, ensure that cover plate can not spillage when irrigation hole concrete, the cover plate of three round block-type has two-layer, lid surface should equally with block need to paste can not lacking of aluminium foil, anyhow the mortar joint of building skin one skin by laying bricks or stones all will be built by laying bricks or stones tight full by above-mentioned ad hoc approach, and place horizontal reinforcement by designing requirement, when on wall, mortar set strength reaches 1Mpa, ability irrigation hole concrete, and need be first rebasing with the cement mortar grouting 50mm that composition is identical, then glues pouring machine wants continuous pouring, layering tamping, water from till the 50mm of wall top, leave 50mm space to water together with collar tie beam, each link rigorous operation object is all reinforcing bars of whole building are connected up and down, anyhow node all will connect anchoring reliably not stay hidden danger to form building integral reliable and secure.How how mortar joint shaping mould above-mentioned, clean out and cover plate are opened covers, there is little exquisite tips, mishandling meeting goes out burden, entrust building block factory can unify to settle, handle well, easy to operate quality is guaranteed, and rigorous motive can operate at little place, all linked with one another could guarantee facilitates meddlesome major issue.Vertical same seam has built a lot of benefit by laying bricks or stones, just specify that indivedual clause is inconsistent with national sector standard current edition, but but have provincial standard to support in some areas, for adaptable area feature, earthquake-proof energy-saving chained block appropriately adjusts at grout arrangement of reinforcement layer, also be complied with regional era development needs, for promoting that building block building quality improves, meet the people and making the life better to require it is also worth.

The year two thousand twenty our people under the leadership of Communist Party of China, moderately well-off happy life will be strided forward, unite like one man and deeply inspired, The people are filled with enthusiasm for children and old men, as the devotion to the people, implement the Application and Development of earthquake-proof energy-saving chained block, it is the huge engineering benefiting people of all nationalities, in this dream, individual manpower thin gesture list is insignificant, but continue greatly in the open great historical trend of deepen renovations 18, the common recognition of each side may be obtained in vast town and country, adhere to forward position of going down to the grass-roots units in force, fair cooperation, create the mode of shared benefit, play the maximum enthusiasm of each side surely, this good thing with Chinese characteristics is run well surely.

Claims (1)

1. an earthquake-proof energy-saving chained block, it is characterized in that comprising horizontal mortar joint chain, building integral is chain, the sandwich heat-insulation and heat-preservation of aluminium foil with air space and vestibule interpolation thermal insulation slab heat-insulation and heat-preservation, described horizontal mortar joint is chain wall is comprised parallel with wall in the optical plane up and down of the partition lower planes centering of making wall into drive the chain keyway of matrix, but not with wall inside and outside both sides open-minded, guarantee that bar face lower edges is perfect, lower planes center along wall is opened longitudinally wide dark with the chain keyway of narrow shallow alternate slub type or drive the chain keyway of being laterally separated by side by side, and open vertical ash-pit at the both ends of the surface center of wall, described building integral is chain is that the rib first half otch of single row of holes block-type chain for entirety, double-row hole block-type, three round block-type is formed transverse passage-way in block, rib is high to have reduced by half into half rib, it forms the combined wall template arranging steel concrete within the walls and do not need to dismantle together with vertical hole, the little building block of each block of whole building is all used steel concrete and beam column, ground, the comprehensive comprehensive anchoring of building roof chain become a steel concrete entirety, do not establish this round end face of steel concrete and constructional column linkage interface plate to cut off not spillage within the walls, the sandwich heat-insulation and heat-preservation of aluminium foil of described band air space is not establishing this round of steel concrete, if half rib strengthens thermal resistance, improves block heat preservation and insulation, aluminium foil is pasted face-to-face again in wall, namely the sandwich heat-insulation and heat-preservation composite bearing wall of aluminium foil of band air space is formed, exterior wall two rounds inside and outside three round block-type in severe cold area do dual heat-insulation and heat-preservation, inner side one round concealed installation pipeline, described vestibule interpolation thermal insulation slab heat-insulation and heat-preservation is not establishing this round of steel concrete, the first half of rib establishes vertical locating slot, vestibule is separated at the thermal insulation slab of locating slot interpolation aluminium foil veneer, the base material of thermal insulation slab will adopt the polystyrol plastic foam plate meeting fire-fighting national standard, its gabarite should be block length and block height, and all to add mortar joint loose, thickness and the locating slot of thermal insulation slab match, thermal insulation slab plate basifacial wants gap mutually embedding with locating slot bottom land rib, guarantee that thermal insulation slab is inserted into location, block baseplane, make joint close partition vestibule between adjacent panels up and down, the setting of each round half rib of block: grout arrangement of reinforcement layer adopts three rib holes block termination, road half groove cavities structures, opens clean out by code at foundation, is convenient to longitudinal reinforcement and is connected colligation with vertical joint bar and fixes, paste the sandwich heat preservation of aluminium foil face-to-face with air space and thermal insulation slab separate air interbed is heat insulation rib need be made into twice half rib structure, reduce heat bridge, improve block self heat-insulating property, grout arrangement of reinforcement layer is re-established as both sides, a hole half bore in the middle of twice half rib, namely at the elongated vertical reinforcement of body of wall center elder generation pre-buried spacing 400 millimeters, then established at this two ends the building block of half bore to be embedded in mutually between two vertical reinforcements and build upper wall by laying bricks or stones, it need not be opened clean out and be connected vertical reinforcement with pre-doweling, when many rounds block is heavier, reduce to 140 millimeters or 90 millimeters by high for block, thicken in block and establish reinforced concrete structure layer thickness, namely can be applicable to middle-high building body of wall.