CN103300861B - Impedance respiration measuring system - Google Patents
Impedance respiration measuring system Download PDFInfo
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- CN103300861B CN103300861B CN201310167857.8A CN201310167857A CN103300861B CN 103300861 B CN103300861 B CN 103300861B CN 201310167857 A CN201310167857 A CN 201310167857A CN 103300861 B CN103300861 B CN 103300861B
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
- A61B—DIAGNOSIS; SURGERY; IDENTIFICATION
- A61B5/00—Measuring for diagnostic purposes; Identification of persons
- A61B5/08—Detecting, measuring or recording devices for evaluating the respiratory organs
- A61B5/0809—Detecting, measuring or recording devices for evaluating the respiratory organs by impedance pneumography
Abstract
The invention discloses an impedance respiration measuring system, which comprises a respiratory carrier signal acquisition module, a demodulation filter circuit module, an amplification circuit module, a waveform baseline adjustment circuit module, a high-pass filter circuit module, an analog-to-digital conversion circuit module and a microcontroller processing module, wherein the respiratory carrier signal acquisition module is used for acquiring a respiratory carrier signal; the demodulation filter circuit module is used for demodulating and filtering the respiratory carrier signal to obtain a respiratory waveform signal; the amplification circuit module is used for amplifying the alternating component of the respiratory waveform signal to obtain an amplified waveform signal; the waveform baseline adjustment circuit module is used for regulating the state of the amplification circuit module in real time to be an unsaturated amplification state; the high-pass filter circuit module is used for filtering a direct current signal in the amplified waveform signal to obtain a first analog waveform signal; the analog-to-digital conversion circuit module is used for carrying out analog-to-digital conversion on the first analog waveform signal to obtain a first digital waveform signal; the microcontroller processing module is used for carrying out digital signal processing on the first digital waveform signal to obtain a respiration measuring result. The impedance respiration measuring system is adopted, so that a waveform baseline can be quickly recovered, and a showed waveform has higher stability.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to field of medical device, particularly relate to a kind of impedance type respiratory measurement system.
Background technology
Impedance type breath measuring method is a kind of breath measuring method relatively more conventional at present.The measuring principle of impedance type respiratory measurement system human body is considered as one section of volume conductor, and come high frequency electric, and human body impedance is exactly the change of resistance substantially.Along with human body one exhales the motion of a suction, human body impedance also just constantly changes thereupon.When detecting, utilize the change of measuring cardiac electrical two electrodes and the impedance of conducting wire human body.Be added on electrode by high-frequency ac exciting current, the respiratory waveform that impedance variation produces can be modulated onto on high-frequency ac excitation waveform, thus obtains breathing carrier signal.To breathing, carrier signal carries out demodulation, Filtering Processing obtains respiratory waveform signal, respiratory waveform signal comprises DC component signal and AC compounent signal, filtering DC component signal, and faint AC compounent signal is amplified, analog digital conversion etc. operates the waveform that just can be finally presented on the mutual display interface of instrument, this waveform is analyzed, the information such as the breathing pattern of detected person, breathing rate can be obtained.
In the process of research, the present inventor finds in existing impedance type respiratory measurement system, at least there is following technical problem: demodulation is carried out to breathing carrier signal, in the respiratory waveform signal that filtering obtains, if the not filtering effectively of DC component signal, or be such as that detected person moves introduced interference voltage owing to rocking, amplifying circuit can be caused to be in saturation amplification state, higher DC voltage is comprised in the voltage that amplifying circuit is exported, therefore analog-digital converter will be made to exceed input range, the stability of waveform display is not high thus, (waveform baseline is the center of display waveform to there is waveform baseline drift phenomenon, waveform baseline drift is also called waveform DC shift).More existing equipment are the methods of software rejuvenation for the solution of waveform baseline drift phenomenon, generally all arrange to wait for a period of time in the algorithm of software rejuvenation and carry out correlated judgment and process, response speed is slow, especially, when detecting newborn respiration, the irreclaimable situation of waveform baseline can be there is along with neonate motion.
Summary of the invention
Based on this, be necessary for the problems referred to above, a kind of impedance type respiratory measurement system is provided, can quick-recovery waveform baseline soon, make display waveform have more high stability, meet the respiration measurement requirement of more crowds.
A kind of impedance type respiratory measurement system, comprising:
Breathe carrier signal acquisition module, for obtaining breathing carrier signal;
Demodulation filter circuit module, for carrying out demodulation, Filtering Processing to described breathing carrier signal, obtains respiratory waveform signal, and described respiratory waveform signal is DC component and the superposing of AC compounent;
Amplification circuit module, for amplifying the AC compounent in respiratory waveform signal, is amplified waveshape signal;
Waveform baseline regulating circuit module is unsaturation magnifying state for regulating the state of amplification circuit module in real time;
High-pass filtering circuit module, for the direct current signal in waveform amplification signal described in filtering, obtains the first analog waveform signal;
Analog to digital conversion circuit module, for carrying out analog digital conversion to described first analog waveform signal, obtains the first digital waveform signal;
Microcontroller processing module, for carrying out Digital Signal Processing to described first digital waveform signal, obtains respiration measurement result;
Described breathing carrier signal acquisition module connects described demodulation filter circuit module, described demodulation filter circuit module connects described amplification circuit module, amplification circuit module described in described waveform baseline regulating circuit model calling, described amplification circuit module connects described high-pass filtering circuit module, described high-pass filtering circuit model calling analog-digital conversion circuit as described module, microcontroller processing module described in analog-digital conversion circuit as described model calling.
Above-mentioned impedance type respiratory measurement system, comprise waveform baseline regulating circuit module and high-pass filtering circuit module, the state of monitoring amplifier circuit module, when amplification circuit module is in saturation amplification state, the state of waveform baseline regulating circuit module regulating circuit amplification module is to unsaturation magnifying state, enable the fast quick-recovery waveform baseline of impedance type respiratory measurement system, high-pass filtering circuit module, direct current signal in filtering waveform amplification signal, ensure that the input signal of analog to digital conversion circuit module does not exceed the input range of analog-digital converter, display waveform is made to have more high stability.
Accompanying drawing explanation
The structural representation of a kind of impedance type respiratory measurement system that Fig. 1 provides for an embodiment;
The structural representation of the breathing carrier signal acquisition module of a kind of impedance type respiratory measurement system that Fig. 2 provides for embodiment shown in Fig. 1;
The circuit theory diagrams of the demodulation filter circuit module of a kind of impedance type respiratory measurement system that Fig. 3 provides for embodiment shown in Fig. 1;
The circuit theory diagrams of the waveform baseline regulating circuit module of a kind of impedance type respiratory measurement system that Fig. 4 provides for embodiment shown in Fig. 1;
The structural representation of the microcontroller processing module of a kind of impedance type respiratory measurement system that Fig. 5 provides for embodiment shown in Fig. 1.
Detailed description of the invention
For the ease of understanding the present invention, below with reference to relevant drawings, the present invention is described more fully.Preferred embodiment of the present invention is given in accompanying drawing.But the present invention can realize in many different forms, is not limited to embodiment described herein.On the contrary, provide the object of these embodiments be make the understanding of disclosure of the present invention more comprehensively thorough.
See Fig. 1, in one embodiment, provide a kind of impedance type respiratory measurement system, comprising:
Breathe carrier signal acquisition module 110, for obtaining breathing carrier signal;
Demodulation filter circuit module 120, for carrying out demodulation, Filtering Processing to breathing carrier signal, obtains respiratory waveform signal, and respiratory waveform signal is DC component and the superposing of AC compounent;
Amplification circuit module 130, for amplifying the AC compounent in respiratory waveform signal, is amplified waveshape signal;
Waveform baseline regulating circuit module 140 is unsaturation magnifying state for regulating the state of amplification circuit module in real time;
High-pass filtering circuit module 150, for the direct current signal in filtering waveform amplification signal, obtains the first analog waveform signal;
Analog to digital conversion circuit module 160, for carrying out analog digital conversion to the first analog waveform signal, obtains the first digital waveform signal;
Microcontroller processing module 170, for carrying out Digital Signal Processing to the first digital waveform signal, obtains respiration measurement result;
Breathe carrier signal acquisition module 110 and connect demodulation filter circuit module 120, demodulation filter circuit module 120 connects amplification circuit module 130, waveform baseline regulating circuit module 140 connects amplification circuit module 130, amplification circuit module 130 connects high-pass filtering circuit module 150, high-pass filtering circuit module 150 connection mode number conversion circuit module 160, analog to digital conversion circuit module 160 connects microcontroller processing module 170.
See the breathing carrier signal acquisition module 110 in embodiment shown in Fig. 2, Fig. 1, when implementing, can be, but not limited to comprise following device:
Electrocardioelectrode 113, for connecting detected person's human body;
AC carrier produces circuit 111, for generation of AC carrier signal;
Conducting wire 115, connects electrocardioelectrode 113 and produces circuit 111 with AC carrier;
Lead switching analoging switch 117, connects microcontroller processing module 170 and conducting wire 115, for switching pattern of leading;
Transformer-coupled circuit 119, connects the switching analoging switch 117 that leads, and obtains breathing carrier signal for carrying out coupling to the voltage signal on conducting wire described in two-way.
Concrete, consider that the impedance of human body is under high-frequency signal injection, can be considered as resistance induction reactance, but exciting signal frequency is too high can produce heat effect again.Therefore, AC carrier produces the frequency range of carrier signal that circuit produces and can select at 50kHz ~ 100kHz.In the present embodiment, it is 62.5kHz sine wave generation circuit that AC carrier produces circuit 111.
The present embodiment provides impedance type respiratory measurement system optionally to lead, and pattern has I to lead, II leads.Pattern that what I led lead, electrocardioelectrode adopts LA(Left Arm, is called for short LA, left upper extremity) electrode and RA(RightArm, be called for short RA, right upper extremity) electrode, connect the left shoulders of human body and right shoulders respectively, be applicable to detecting thoracic respiration.And neonate adopts thoracoabdominal breathing mostly, be applicable to the pattern of leading adopting II to lead, under the pattern of leading that II leads, electrocardioelectrode adopts RA electrode and LL(Left Leg, is called for short LL, left lower extremity) electrode.
The sinusoidal carrier that AC carrier produces circuit 111 generation acts on human body by conducting wire 115, electrocardioelectrode 113.The switching analoging switch 117 that leads connects microcontroller processing module 170 and conducting wire 115, under the control of microcontroller processing module 170, and the switching of the pattern that can realize leading.Transformer-coupled circuit 119, connects the switching analoging switch 117 that leads, and carries out coupling obtain breathing carrier signal to the voltage signal on two-way conducting wire.
Comprise full-wave rectifying circuit see the demodulation filter circuit module 120 in embodiment in Fig. 3, Fig. 1 and comprise full-wave rectifying circuit 121 and low-pass filter circuit 123.
The input of full-wave rectifying circuit 121 connects the outfan breathing carrier signal acquisition module 110, obtains the first rectified signal for carrying out all wave rectification to breathing carrier signal.
The input of low-pass filter circuit 123 connects the outfan of full-wave rectifying circuit 121, obtains respiratory waveform signal for carrying out filtering to the first rectified signal.Respiratory waveform signal comprises DC component and AC compounent, DC component can be considered as the response voltage signal that human body " base impedance " (being appreciated that constant resistance during adult body no breathing) produces, the response voltage signal that when AC compounent can be considered as human body respiration, impedance variation produces.Although AC compounent is faint, be 1/1000 or less, 1.5V ~ 3V as DC component, general about the 0.5mv of AC compounent of DC component, AC compounent is only the effective signal measuring human body respiration.
See Fig. 3, full-wave rectifying circuit 121 comprises the first phase inverter U201A, the first comparator U202A and the first analog switch U203; Carrier signal is breathed in the input access of the first phase inverter; Two inputs of the first comparator U202A access respectively breathes carrier signal and 0 electric potential signal; The control end of the first analog switch U203 connects the outfan of the first comparator U202A, and the input of the first analog switch U203 connects the outfan breathing carrier signal and the first phase inverter U201A respectively.
See Fig. 3, the operation principle of full-wave rectifying circuit is: breathing carrier signal is first reverse through the first phase inverter U201A, breathing carrier signal and the signal after are oppositely sent into respectively input Y0 and the Y1 foot of the first analog switch U203, breathe the reverse input end that carrier signal gives the first comparator U202A simultaneously, the input signal of the positive input of the first comparator U202A is by resistance R203, the voltage signal of about the 1mV that R204 and R205 dividing potential drop produces, this voltage signal can be considered 0 electric potential signal, when breathing carrier signal is positive voltage, the first comparator U202A output LOW voltage controls output pin Y output Y0 signal and the forward breathing carrier signal of the first analog switch U203, the output pin Y that first comparator U202A output HIGH voltage controls the first analog switch U203 when to breathe carrier signal be negative voltage export Y1 signal reverse after breathing carrier signal.Adopt the diode halfwave rectifier of carrying out relative to prior art, the present embodiment by all wave rectification demodulation, make full use of breathe in the positive negative direction of carrier signal with information, follow-up have higher signal accuracy when carrying out data analysis.
See Fig. 3, low-pass filter circuit 123 comprises resistance R206 and electric capacity C200, and the cut-off frequency of low-pass filter circuit 123 is 18Hz.By low-pass filtering, by breathing the high-frequency signal filtering in carrier signal, obtain respiratory waveform signal.
See Fig. 4, waveform baseline regulating circuit module 140 comprises elementary amplifying circuit 141, second comparator 142, second analog switch 143, first enumerator 144, first resistor network 145 and clock circuit 146;
Two inputs of elementary amplifying circuit 141 connect the outfan of demodulation filter circuit module 120 and the outfan of the first resistor network 145 respectively, and the outfan of elementary amplifying circuit 141 connects the input of amplification circuit module 130;
Two inputs of the second comparator 142 connect outfan and the reference voltage signal of elementary amplifying circuit 141 respectively, and the magnitude of voltage of reference voltage signal is less than the saturation voltage of amplification circuit module 130;
The control end of the second analog switch 143 connects the outfan of the second comparator 142, and the input of the second analog switch 143 connects the outfan of clock circuit 146, and the outfan of the second analog switch 143 connects the clock input of described first enumerator 144;
The outfan of the first enumerator 144 connects the input of the first resistor network 145.
In the specific implementation, clock circuit 146 can be, but not limited to be the PWM(PWM of 200Hz, PulseWidth Modulation, pulse width modulation) wave generation circuit.
See Fig. 4, the operation principle of waveform baseline regulating circuit module 140 is as follows:
Respiratory waveform signal connects the reverse input end of elementary amplifying circuit 141, the positive input of elementary amplifying circuit 141 connects the first resistor network 145, the positive input voltage of elementary amplifying circuit 141 is designated as bias voltage V1, elementary amplifying circuit output voltage Vo is through the positive input of connection second comparator 142, the reverse input end of the second comparator 142 connects a reference voltage signal, and this reference voltage signal is set smaller than the saturation voltage of amplification circuit module 130; The output of the second comparator 142 connects the control pin of the second analog switch 143, and the input pin X1 of the second analog switch 143 connects the PWM ripple signal of 200Hz, exports input clock signal (CLK) pin of connection first enumerator 144.After respiratory waveform signal and bias voltage V1 carry out differential amplification, if when elementary amplifying circuit 141 output voltage Vo is higher than reference voltage signal, second comparator 142 exports high level, second analog switch 143 conducting exports PWM ripple signal, PWM ripple signal inputs as the CLK signal of the first enumerator 144, under the effect of CLK signal, R5-R17 is place in circuit successively, bias voltage V1 is raised gradually, make bias voltage elevation process more level and smooth, substantially without ladder situation by arranging suitable resistance.Along with bias voltage and respiratory waveform signal voltage move closer to, the output voltage Vo of elementary amplifying circuit reduces until lower than reference voltage signal gradually, second comparator 142 output low level, second analog switch 143 disconnects, the clock signal of the first enumerator disappears, quit work, bias voltage is stablized, now Vo voltage is less, avoid the saturation amplification of amplification circuit module 130, quick self-adapted adjustment can be carried out to the respiratory waveform baseline drift phenomenon occurred because of detected person's (as neonate) motion.
A kind of impedance type respiratory measurement system provided in the present embodiment, the high-pass filtering cut-off frequency of high-pass filtering circuit module 150 is 0.1Hz, fast filtering amplification circuit module can output signal the larger direct current signal comprised, ensure that analog to digital conversion circuit module 160 does not exceed input voltage range, make display waveform more stable.
See Fig. 5, microcontroller processing module 170 comprises:
Digital waveform signal acquiring unit 171, for obtaining the first digital waveform signal.
Low-pass digital filter unit 173, for carrying out filtering to the first digital waveform signal, obtains the second digital waveform signal.
Newborn respiration frequency is higher than adult, its clinical generally acknowledged upper limit is 150 times/second (2.5Hz), higher than 120 times/second (2Hz) of adult, low-pass digital filter unit can be, but not limited to be the 3 rank Butterworth LPF of 2.8hz, ensure that the waveshape signal that neonate is measured when breathing passes through undistortedly.
Wave trap filter unit 175, for the frequency according to the interference aroused in interest obtained, carries out bandpass filtering to the second digital waveform signal, obtains the 3rd digital waveform signal.
When implementing, the frequency band range of wave trap can regulate according to the frequency of interference aroused in interest.The frequency of interference aroused in interest can be obtained by the heart rate value of detected person.The heart rate value of detected person can be obtained by heartbeat detection device, and this heartbeat detection device can be external or be built in impedance type respiratory measurement system that the present embodiment provides.
Computing unit 177, for according to the 3rd digital waveform signal, judges the breathing pattern of detected person and calculates the breathing rate of detected person.
The impedance type respiratory measurement system that the present embodiment provides, comprise waveform baseline regulating circuit module and high-pass filtering circuit module, the state of monitoring amplifier circuit module, when amplification circuit module is in saturation amplification state, the state of waveform baseline regulating circuit module regulating circuit amplification module is to unsaturation magnifying state, enable the fast quick-recovery waveform baseline of impedance type respiratory measurement system, high-pass filtering circuit module, direct current signal in filtering waveform amplification signal, ensure that the input signal of analog to digital conversion circuit module does not exceed the input range of analog-digital converter, display waveform is made to have more high stability.
The above embodiment only have expressed several embodiment of the present invention, and it describes comparatively concrete and detailed, but therefore can not be interpreted as the restriction to the scope of the claims of the present invention.It should be pointed out that for the person of ordinary skill of the art, without departing from the inventive concept of the premise, can also make some distortion and improvement, these all belong to protection scope of the present invention.Therefore, the protection domain of patent of the present invention should be as the criterion with claims.
Claims (9)
1. an impedance type respiratory measurement system, is characterized in that, comprising:
Breathe carrier signal acquisition module, for obtaining breathing carrier signal;
Demodulation filter circuit module, for carrying out demodulation, Filtering Processing to described breathing carrier signal, obtains respiratory waveform signal, and described respiratory waveform signal is DC component and the superposing of AC compounent;
Amplification circuit module, for amplifying the AC compounent in respiratory waveform signal, is amplified waveshape signal;
Waveform baseline regulating circuit module is unsaturation magnifying state for regulating the state of amplification circuit module in real time;
High-pass filtering circuit module, for the direct current signal in waveform amplification signal described in filtering, obtains the first analog waveform signal;
Analog to digital conversion circuit module, for carrying out analog digital conversion to described first analog waveform signal, obtains the first digital waveform signal;
Microcontroller processing module, for carrying out Digital Signal Processing to described first digital waveform signal, obtains respiration measurement result;
Described breathing carrier signal acquisition module connects described demodulation filter circuit module, described demodulation filter circuit module connects described amplification circuit module, amplification circuit module described in described waveform baseline regulating circuit model calling, described amplification circuit module connects described high-pass filtering circuit module, described high-pass filtering circuit model calling analog-digital conversion circuit as described module, microcontroller processing module described in analog-digital conversion circuit as described model calling;
Described waveform baseline regulating circuit module comprises elementary amplifying circuit, the second comparator, the second analog switch, the first enumerator, the first resistor network and clock circuit;
Two inputs of described elementary amplifying circuit connect the outfan of described demodulation filter circuit module and the outfan of described first resistor network respectively, and the outfan of described elementary amplifying circuit connects the input of described amplification circuit module;
Two inputs of described second comparator connect outfan and the reference voltage signal of described elementary amplifying circuit respectively, and the magnitude of voltage of described reference voltage signal is less than the saturation voltage of described amplification circuit module;
The control end of described second analog switch connects the outfan of described second comparator, and the input of described second analog switch connects the outfan of described clock circuit, and the outfan of described second analog switch connects the clock input of described first enumerator;
The outfan of described first enumerator connects the input of described first resistor network.
2. impedance type respiratory measurement system according to claim 1, is characterized in that, described breathing carrier signal acquisition module comprises:
Electrocardioelectrode, for connecting detected person's human body;
AC carrier produces circuit, for generation of AC carrier signal;
Conducting wire, connects described electrocardioelectrode and described AC carrier produces circuit;
Lead switching analoging switch, connects described microcontroller processing module and described conducting wire, for switching pattern of leading;
Transformer-coupled circuit, lead described in connection switching analoging switch, obtains described breathing carrier signal for carrying out coupling to the voltage signal on conducting wire described in two-way.
3. impedance type respiratory measurement system according to claim 2, is characterized in that, it is 62.5kHZ sine wave generation circuit that described AC carrier produces circuit.
4. impedance type respiratory measurement system according to claim 1, is characterized in that, described demodulation filter circuit module comprises full-wave rectifying circuit and low-pass filter circuit;
The input of described full-wave rectifying circuit connects the outfan of described breathing carrier signal acquisition module, obtains the first rectified signal for carrying out all wave rectification to described breathing carrier signal;
The input of described low-pass filter circuit connects the outfan of described full-wave rectifying circuit, obtains described respiratory waveform signal for carrying out filtering to described first rectified signal.
5. impedance type respiratory measurement system according to claim 4, is characterized in that, described full-wave rectifying circuit comprises the first phase inverter, the first comparator and the first analog switch;
The input of described first phase inverter accesses described breathing carrier signal;
Two inputs of described first comparator access described breathing carrier signal and 0 electric potential signal respectively;
The control end of described first analog switch connects the outfan of described first comparator, and the input of described first analog switch connects the outfan of described breathing carrier signal and described first phase inverter respectively.
6. impedance type respiratory measurement system according to claim 4, is characterized in that, described low-pass filter circuit comprises resistance R206 and electric capacity C200, and the cut-off frequency of described low-pass filter circuit is 18Hz.
7. impedance type respiratory measurement system according to claim 1, is characterized in that, described clock circuit is the PWM wave generation circuit of 200Hz.
8. impedance type respiratory measurement system according to claim 1, is characterized in that, the high-pass filtering cut-off frequency of described high-pass filtering circuit module is 0.1Hz.
9. impedance type respiratory measurement system according to claim 1, is characterized in that, described microcontroller processing module comprises:
Digital waveform signal acquiring unit, for obtaining described first digital waveform signal;
Low-pass digital filter unit, for carrying out filtering to described first digital waveform signal, obtains the second digital waveform signal;
Wave trap filter unit, for the frequency according to the interference aroused in interest obtained, carries out bandpass filtering to described second digital waveform signal, obtains the 3rd digital waveform signal;
Computing unit, for according to described 3rd digital waveform signal, judges the breathing pattern of detected person and calculates the breathing rate of detected person.
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| CN201310167857.8A CN103300861B (en) | 2013-05-08 | 2013-05-08 | Impedance respiration measuring system |
| PCT/CN2013/078120 WO2014180045A1 (en) | 2013-05-08 | 2013-06-27 | Impedance type breath measurement system |
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| CN201310167857.8A CN103300861B (en) | 2013-05-08 | 2013-05-08 | Impedance respiration measuring system |
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| CN106031633A (en) * | 2015-03-07 | 2016-10-19 | 上海贝瑞电子科技有限公司 | An electrocardiogram monitoring method and system |
| CN104771806B (en) * | 2015-05-12 | 2018-01-16 | 中国人民解放军第三军医大学第二附属医院 | Infusion pump multi-parameter signals harvester and method based on impedance variations |
| CN106527557B (en) * | 2016-11-25 | 2018-02-27 | 上海中嘉衡泰医疗科技有限公司 | A kind of baseline adjusted circuit of software control |
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| CN103300861A (en) | 2013-09-18 |
| WO2014180045A1 (en) | 2014-11-13 |
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