CN1559344A - Method and device for monitoring and controlling human breathing waves based on impedance variaton principle - Google Patents
Method and device for monitoring and controlling human breathing waves based on impedance variaton principle Download PDFInfo
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Abstract
A method and equipment based on impedance variation principle for monitoring human respiratory waves features that the adaptive biased voltage amplifier, asymmetrical carrier signal output for high gain, unidirectional diode detection, A/D conversion for digital comparison, and software for threshold comparison are used.
Description
Technical field the present invention relates to check the measuring method and the device of human body respiratory rhythm, relates in particular to based on torso model at impedance meeting between breathing change the human body respiration waveform of principle and the method for supervising and the device of the rhythm and pace of moving things.
Background technology is by the crosslinking electrode that is attached to the body surface ad-hoc location in the body surface ecg monitoring based on the respiratory wave measuring method of the former logos of impedance variation, high-frequency carrier signal is imposed on torso model, during the torso model constancy of volume, have a constant basic impedance with respect to high frequency carrier, and breathe the minor variations that the thoracic cavity volume-variation that causes can produce thoracic impedance.And then this variation can be modulated on the high-frequency carrier signal that applies, and by cardiac diagnosis lead-line with this sent into by the synthetic high-frequency carrier signal of human body respiration to breathe that amplifying circuit carries out that carrier wave amplifies, carrier detection separates and is in harmonious proportion respiratory wave and amplifies a breath signal that obtains the volt level, be converted to digital respiratory waveform signal by A/D again, can further carry out the calculating of respiratory wave feature identification and breathing rate in view of the above.
The respiratory rhythm of human body is mild, normal rhythm generally is a per minute 10～30 times (Resp/Min), the measuring range of general designing requirement respiratory circuit is 8～12 times/minute, the frequency band that is equivalent to respiratory waveform is in the scope of 0.125～2.0Hz, so general requirement of the passband of respiratory circuit is 0.12～2.5Hz.Because the impedance variation that is produced in the human body respiration process is very little, and is also very faint by the breath signal that it produced, need usually to amplify and to detect through tens thousand of times gain.Breathe amplifying circuit and generally can be divided into respiratory waveform treatment circuit after carrier signal treatment circuit and the demodulation.Because it is many greatly to breathing impedance to breathe basic impedance phase, the DC component of promptly breathing carrier wave is very big.Ecg cable often will be connected in series 1K resistance in order to adapt to the needs of defibrillation in addition, thereby requires respiratory circuit can adapt to the basic impedance variation of 2～4k Ω wide region.So the DC power component after the above-mentioned carrier signal demodulation will have bigger excursion, this will influence the duty of follow-up amplifying circuit, if deal with improperly producing serious circuit working unusual.In addition because the low frequency component of respiratory wave can hang down 0.12Hz, therefore, the baseline of respiratory circuit grow (above 10 seconds) recovery time generally speaking, and when respiratory waveform was subjected to motion artifacts and influences, the respiratory circuit recovery was also very slow.
The recognition methods of respiratory waveform is the key of accurately calculating breathing rate and suffocating and report to the police.The adaptive threshold method is the main method of respiratory wave feature identification.This method is set an initial threshold, searches for local extremum after the respiratory wave amplitude of variation surpasses this threshold value, and serves as according to refreshing threshold value with this extreme value, as the examination criteria of respiratory wave next time.The benefit of this method is that method is simple, realizes that easily defective is when respiratory wave is subjected to seriously disturbing, and is easy to the situation that threshold value can not in time be refreshed occur, and causes the puppet mistakes such as warning of suffocating.
Concluding the deficiencies in the prior art part is:
1. respiratory circuit is to the bad adaptability of signal input impedance variation;
2. the baseline of respiratory circuit recovers slowly;
3. there is obviously deficiency in the respiratory waveform recognition methods, can not in time follow the tracks of the variation tendency of respiratory wave and upgrade recognition threshold.
Summary of the invention technical problem to be solved by this invention is exactly the method and apparatus based on the monitoring of the respiratory waveform of impedance variation principle that proposes for fear of the deficiencies in the prior art part.The inventive method and apparatus features are that adaptive-biased voltage amplifier circuit is set, and adopt asymmetric carrier signal output and unilateral diode detection; Adopt the output of asymmetric signal to improve to exchange the circuit gain that amplifies near half; For voltage amplifier circuit, adopt digital form relatively to detect the output of this amplifying circuit by A/D conversion back, realize threshold window relatively by software approach, adjustment process can be along the direction varying cyclically that increases progressively, also can be along the direction varying cyclically that successively decreases.
The method that the present invention is based on the respiratory waveform monitoring of impedance variation principle can realize by following step:
Step comprises
A., the human body respiration ripple supervising device that comprises differential amplifier circuit, signal generation and drive circuit, diode detection circuit, adaptive-biased voltage amplifier circuit, voltage amplifier circuit, analog to digital conversion circuit and single chip circuit is set;
B. by the crosslinking electrode that is attached to the body surface ad-hoc location in the body surface ecg monitoring device, connect the input of differential amplifier circuit in the human body respiration ripple monitoring device and the outfan of signal generation and drive circuit;
C. breathe carrier signal by signal generation and drive circuit to the event channel transmission, the breathing carrier signal of being carried out amplitude modulation(PAM) by human body respiration is transported to differential amplifier circuit by event channel and amplifies;
D. the breathing carrier signal after amplifying is through diode detection circuit demodulation becoming breathing voltage signal, and be delivered to adaptive-biased voltage amplifier circuit, adaptive-biased voltage amplifier circuit is also imported the automatic bias voltage of setting from single chip circuit, and the flip-flop of breathing in the voltage signal is subtracted each other in adaptive-biased voltage amplifier circuit with automatic bias voltage; Remove the influence of DC component to voltage amplification, its output is input to follow-up voltage amplifier circuit again and amplifies;
E. the DC component in the breath signal of breath signal after voltage amplifier circuit amplifies and adaptive-biased voltage amplifier circuit output is input to analog to digital conversion circuit simultaneously and carries out analog digital conversion, its result is delivered to single chip circuit, single chip circuit is undertaken after related data handles by the program curing of inside, carry out the adjustment of automatic bias voltage, offer adaptive-biased voltage amplifier circuit then; Simultaneously, the program curing of single chip circuit inside also determines to suffocate the time of fire alarming threshold value according to being provided with, and determines baseline threshold according to current respiratory wave, and this threshold value is constantly being revised renewal according to the respiratory waveform Feature Recognition thereafter;
F. single chip circuit sends waveform, breathing rate and status signal to master computer;
G. master computer shows respiration information.
The control method of the described single chip circuit inside solidification of step e program may further comprise the steps:
1.. carry out the initialization setting after the energising, error flag and Status Flag zero clearing;
2.. detect whether set of mismark, set does not just down enter mastery routine, if set is then changeed the fault processing subprogram and handled, disposing changes mastery routine over to;
3.. after entering mastery routine, there is video data just to call the communication subprogram as the display buffer district waveform, breathing rate and status data are transferred to master computer, afterwards, call the data acquisition subprogram data acquisition of analog to digital conversion circuit delivery outlet is returned; Carry out calculation process with gathering the data of returning then, determine initial threshold and the alarm threshold value that suffocates, and whether set of decision Status Flag, call the bias-adjusted subprogram again and change, make single chip circuit export the in-phase end of adjusted automatic bias voltage to adaptive-biased voltage amplification by D/A;
4.. mastery routine is differentiated the state of Status Flag, as set, just call gain subprogram is set, make the automatic bias voltage of single chip circuit output go calculating and setting by new ratio, mastery routine is called respiratory wave identification and is discerned and computing gathering the data of returning with the breathing rate counting subroutine then, and result deposits the display buffer district in;
5.. turn back to step and 2. control operation.
The adjustment of the described adaptive-biased voltage of step e comprises step:
1., at first analog to digital conversion circuit obtains the DC component of adaptive-biased amplifying circuit output, and be converted to a digital signal, be input to single chip circuit;
2., the comparison algorithm window of algoritic module setting compares supplied with digital signal in the single chip circuit inside solidification program;
3., what of adaptive-biased voltage increment described algoritic module determine according to comparative result, determining increases or reduces numerical value, provides adjusted adaptive-biased voltage by D/A converter to above-mentioned adaptive-biased voltage amplifier circuit then;
4., by adjusting the size of bias voltage, the digital signal input that above-mentioned DC component is changed does not exceed the window upper limit and is not less than lower window edge.
The present invention can also further be implemented by following technical scheme:
Manufacture and design a kind of human body respiration ripple supervising device based on the impedance variation principle, comprise differential amplifier circuit, diode detection circuit and analog to digital conversion circuit, this respiratory wave supervising device is by the event channel that is attached to the body surface ad-hoc location in the body surface ecg monitoring device, the input that connects differential amplifier circuit, especially this respiratory wave supervising device also comprises single chip circuit, signal generation and drive circuit, voltage amplifier circuit and adaptive-biased voltage amplifier circuit, and described signal takes place and the outfan of drive circuit also connects event channel;
An outfan of described single chip circuit connects an input of adaptive-biased voltage amplifier circuit, output one automatic bias voltage; Another input of adaptive-biased voltage amplifier circuit connects the outfan of diode detection circuit, and the output of adaptive-biased voltage amplifier circuit connects the input of voltage amplifier circuit;
The input of the output termination analog to digital conversion circuit of described voltage amplifier circuit, the analog-digital conversion circuit as described outfan connects the another input interface of single chip circuit, and transformation result is by the single chip circuit collection;
Single chip circuit connects master computer by communication interface.
Comprise two operational amplifiers in described signal generation and the drive circuit, all be connected into the in-phase amplifier form, offset of sinusoidal ripple signal carries out the asymmetric amplification of tandem, and the asymmetric output signal after the amplification connects event channels by two electric capacity.
Described adaptive-biased voltage amplifier circuit comprises an operational amplifier, be connected into the difference amplifier form, its inverting input connects the outfan of diode detection circuit, its in-phase input end connects the outfan that single chip circuit provides automatic bias voltage, operational amplifier carries out the preposition amplification of subtraction to two inputs, and its output connects the input of voltage amplifier circuit.
Comprise D/A change-over circuit, data acquisition circuit and telecommunication circuit in the described single chip circuit, and solidified control sequence at its program storage area.
Described communication interface is followed RS232 or RS485 or CAN or IEEEE1394 standard.
Described communication interface can also be followed the Bluetooth standard.
Compared with prior art, the present invention has adopted the electric capacity of the asymmetric carrier signal of constant current to drive and coupling, has improved the adaptive capacity of carrier signal to the basic impedance of difference.Adopt digital form relatively to detect the output of voltage amplifier circuit by A/D conversion back, realize the comparison of window threshold value by software approach, adjustment process can be along the direction varying cyclically that increases progressively, also can be along the direction varying cyclically that successively decreases, reached stable, clear, accurately and safely monitored the purpose of respiratory waveform; Improve the fast restoration capabilities after respiratory wave is full and simplified amplification circuit structure.
Description of drawings Fig. 1 is that the human body respiration ripple method for supervising and the device that the present invention is based on the impedance variation principle constitute block diagram;
Fig. 2 is a single chip circuit program flow diagram in the method for the invention and the device;
Fig. 3 is the electrical schematic diagram of device of the present invention.
The specific embodiment is done detailed description below in conjunction with each accompanying drawing to most preferred embodiment of the present invention.
By Fig. 1 and Fig. 3 as can be known, implement can to realize by following step based on the method for the respiratory waveform monitoring of impedance variation principle:
Step comprises
A, setting comprise that differential amplifier circuit 50, signal take place and the human body respiration ripple supervising device of drive circuit 10, diode detection circuit 40, adaptive-biased voltage amplifier circuit 20, voltage amplifier circuit 30, analog to digital conversion circuit 70 and single chip circuit 60;
Be attached to the crosslinking electrode of body surface ad-hoc location in B, the body aid table electrocardiosignal monitoring device, connect the input of differential amplifier circuit 50 in the human body respiration ripple monitoring device and the outfan of signal generation and drive circuit 10;
C, signal take place and drive circuit 10 is breathed carrier signal to event channel 90 transmission, and the breathing carrier signal of being carried out amplitude modulation(PAM) by human body respiration is transported to differential amplifier circuit 50 by event channel 90 and amplifies;
D, the breathing carrier signal after big are through diode detection circuit 40 demodulation becoming breathing voltage signal, and be delivered to adaptive-biased voltage amplifier circuit 20, adaptive-biased voltage amplifier circuit 20 is also imported the automatic bias voltage of setting from single chip circuit 60, and the flip-flop of breathing in the voltage signal is subtracted each other in adaptive-biased voltage amplifier circuit 20 with automatic bias voltage; Remove the influence of DC component to voltage amplification, its output is input to follow-up voltage amplifier circuit 30 again and amplifies;
DC component in the breath signal of breath signal after E, voltage amplifier circuit 30 amplify and 20 outputs of adaptive-biased voltage amplifier circuit is input to analog to digital conversion circuit 70 simultaneously and carries out analog digital conversion, its result is delivered to single chip circuit 60, single chip circuit 60 is undertaken after related data handles by the program curing of inside, carry out the adjustment of automatic bias voltage, offer adaptive-biased voltage amplifier circuit 20 then; Simultaneously, the program curing of single chip circuit 60 inside also determines to suffocate the time of fire alarming threshold value according to being provided with, and this threshold value is constantly being revised renewal according to the respiratory waveform Feature Recognition thereafter;
F, sheet machine circuit 60 send waveform, breathing rate and status signal to master computer 100;
G, computer 100 show respiration information.
As shown in Figure 2: the control method of the described single chip circuit 60 inside solidification programs of step e may further comprise the steps:
(1), carries out the initialization setting, error flag and Status Flag zero clearing after the energising;
(2), detect whether set of mismark, set does not just down enter mastery routine, if set is then changeed the fault processing subprogram and handled, disposing changes mastery routine over to;
(3), enter mastery routine after, have video data just to call the communication subprogram as the display buffer district waveform, breathing rate and status data transferred to master computer, afterwards, call the data acquisition subprogram data acquisition of analog to digital conversion circuit 70 delivery outlets returned; Carry out calculation process with gathering the data of returning then, determine the initial baseline threshold value, and the whether set of decision Status Flag, call the bias-adjusted subprogram again and change by D/A, make the in-phase end of the adjusted automatic bias voltage of single chip circuit 60 outputs to adaptive-biased voltage amplification 20;
(4), mastery routine is differentiated the state of Status Flag, as set, just call gain subprogram is set, make the automatic bias voltage of single chip circuit 60 outputs go calculating and setting by new ratio, mastery routine is called respiratory wave identification and is discerned and computing gathering the data of returning with the breathing rate counting subroutine then, and result deposits the display buffer district in;
(5), turn back to step (two) and control operation.
The adjustment of the described adaptive-biased voltage of step e comprises step:
1. at first analog to digital conversion circuit 70 obtains the DC component of adaptive-biased amplifying circuit 20 outputs, and is converted to a digital signal, is input to single chip circuit 60;
2. the comparison algorithm window of algoritic module setting compares supplied with digital signal in the single chip circuit 60 inside solidification programs;
3. what of adaptive-biased voltage increment described algoritic module determine according to comparative result, and determining increases or reduce numerical value, provides adjusted adaptive-biased voltage by D/A converter to above-mentioned adaptive-biased voltage amplifier circuit 20 then;
4. by adjusting the size of bias voltage, the digital signal input that above-mentioned DC component is changed does not exceed the window upper limit and is not less than lower window edge.
Most preferred embodiment of the present invention is also further implemented by the following technical programs:
As shown in Figure 3: manufacture and design a kind of human body respiration ripple supervising device based on the impedance variation principle, comprise differential amplifier circuit 50, diode detection circuit 40 and analog to digital conversion circuit 70, this respiratory wave supervising device is by the event channel 90 that is attached to the body surface ad-hoc location in the body surface ecg monitoring device, the input that connects differential amplifier circuit 50, especially this respiratory wave supervising device also comprises single chip circuit 60, signal takes place and drive circuit 10, voltage amplifier circuit 30 and adaptive-biased voltage amplifier circuit 20, described signal take place and the outfan of drive circuit 10 also connects event channel 90;
An outfan of described single chip circuit 60 connects an input of adaptive-biased voltage amplifier circuit 20, output one automatic bias voltage; Another input of adaptive-biased voltage amplifier circuit 20 connects the outfan of diode detection circuit 40, and the output of adaptive-biased voltage amplifier circuit 20 connects the input of voltage amplifier circuit 30;
The input of the output termination analog to digital conversion circuit 70 of described voltage amplifier circuit 30, analog-digital conversion circuit as described 70 outfans connect the another input interface of single chip circuit 60, and transformation result is gathered by single chip circuit 60;
Comprise operational amplifier A 6-1 and A6-2 in described signal generation and the drive circuit 10, all be connected into the in-phase amplifier form, offset of sinusoidal ripple signal carries out the asymmetric amplification of tandem, and the asymmetric output signal after the amplification connects event channel 90 by capacitor C 1, C3.
Described adaptive-biased voltage amplifier circuit 20 comprises operational amplifier A 3-1, be connected into the difference amplifier form, its inverting input connects the outfan of diode detection circuit 40, its in-phase input end connects the outfan that single chip circuit 60 provides automatic bias voltage, operational amplifier A 3-1 carries out the preposition amplification of subtraction to two inputs, and its output connects the input of voltage amplifier circuit 30.
Comprise D/A change-over circuit, data acquisition circuit and telecommunication circuit in the described single chip circuit 60, and solidified control sequence at its program storage area.
Described communication interface is followed RS232 or RS485 or CAN or IEEEE1394 standard.
Described communication interface can also be followed the Bluetooth standard.
The present invention has reduced the controlling unit of hardware by the feedback regulation setting and the monitoring of bias-adjusted effect of software realization bias voltage; The hardware simulation circuit part is mainly finished the output of high frequency carrier constant-current source signal, the functions such as picked-up, demodulation, amplification and analog digital conversion of breathing carrier signal.
Because the diversity and the ecg cable band 1K of the impedance of human body base or be not with the 1K changes in resistance, the flip-flop that the low frequency breath signal that causes high-frequency carrier signal to obtain after demodulation comprises has very big variation, and the motion of human body also can cause the variation of this DC component, reach and offset above-mentioned DC component so be difficult to be provided with a suitable fixed bias voltage, thereby reach the purpose of outstanding respiratory wave AC compounent.If can carry out DC component monitoring, and automatically provide a suitable opposite direction according to monitoring result and setover and offset the respiratory wave DC component, could make the accurate amplification of follow-up respiratory wave signal become possibility the respiratory wave after the demodulation.
The present invention utilizes the DC component output of the respiratory waveform after the analog to digital conversion circuit 70 monitoring demodulation, and according to monitoring result and by the software self-adaptive regulative mode, by the bias voltage of DC voltage of single chip circuit 60 control outputs, accomplish flexibly, follow the tracks of freely the change of breathing basic impedance and realize regulating as adaptive-biased voltage amplifier circuit 20.
The operation principle of single-chip microcomputer inside solidification program is as follows:
As shown in Figure 2: systems soft ware is the core of work of the present invention.On the basis of above-mentioned hardware, the identification of the status monitoring of mainly finishing the work, respiratory waveform signal and the collection of breathing the carrier wave direct current signal and processing, respiratory wave with function such as communicating by letter of master computer 100.
Initialize routine
At first enter initialize routine after powering up, mainly finish setting, current each circuit worker the MCU state
Make thermodynamic state verification, and the setting of measurement state.
Mastery routine
This program is responsible for the log-on data capture program, and sends respiratory waveform, breathing rate data and system status information to the communication subprogram.
The gain setting program
This program realizes the setting that respiratory circuit gains by software mode, reaches to adapt to different signal inputs, obtains the purpose of optimal display result.
The bias-adjusted subprogram
This program will regularly be gathered current carrier wave DC component, and calculating mean value, calculate and export corresponding bias-adjusted voltage then, gather the respiratory circuit output effect after monitoring is regulated at last, and compare with predefined normal fluctuation range (window).When entire circuit just powers up, this program will realize the setting of circuit bias regulation voltage fast in 2 point-score modes, and respiratory circuit output voltage and normal fluctuation range are compared, and guarantee the normal output of circuit.When in observation process, occur output voltage exceed normal fluctuation range in limited time, program will be reduced in the normal fluctuation range upper limit with the output voltage that is arranged so that certain hour is progressively regulated at interval bias voltage, when occur in observation process that output voltage exceeds normal fluctuation range following in limited time, program will rise in the normal fluctuation range lower limit with the output voltage that is arranged so that certain hour is progressively regulated at interval bias voltage, finally guarantees output respiratory wave operate as normal in allowed band of circuit.
The data acquisition subprogram
This is a regularly interruption subroutine, the sample rate that one sampling time interval is set is finished the respiratory waveform signal, is breathed carrier wave DC component voltage and the collection of respiratory wave after bias-adjusted, and the monitoring of power supply status and judgement, and will store with the array form behind the above-mentioned data compilation, use for follow-up analytical calculation.
The communication subprogram
This is a communicating interrupt subprogram, and whether inquire about in real time has receive interior that the data that need transmission are perhaps arranged in the serial ports buffer memory, accepts or send subroutine function in case have to start at once.
The fault processing subprogram
This is a wrong and status information processing subprogram, will corresponding error and Status Flag be set according to detected mistake and status information input.System's main circulating program will provide corresponding processing according to this sign, also notify master computer 100 with these Status Flags by the communication subprogram simultaneously.
Respiratory wave identification and breathing rate counting subroutine
To press first in first out and calculate the respiratory wave baseline according to the setting of current breathing ripple baseline.Because the measuring range of respiratory wave is 8～120RPM, baseline can be set to 6～8 seconds average time, so just guaranteed the variation tendency that baseline can be followed the tracks of respiratory wave, confirm the rising edge and the trailing edge of respiratory wave afterwards according to the amplitude relation of this baseline and respiratory wave, further identify the crest and the trough of respiratory wave according to this, obtain the time location of crest, carry out threshold value and state refresh after, continue to repeat the identification of the rising edge and the trailing edge of next respiratory wave.Finish the time location recognition and verification of at least three respiratory wave crests when system after (promptly obtain 2 respiratory wave interval), just may enter the calculation procedure of breathing rate, carry out the calculating of breathing rate, whenever refresh once afterwards.
The present invention is having outstanding feature aspect the respiratory waveform Feature Recognition software:
The change frequency of respiratory waveform is extremely slow, and general feature identification all adopts self adaptation wave-shape amplitude threshold value tracking.The also wave amplitude of identification of breathing ripple and trough well of above-mentioned threshold value tracking calculates breathing rate exactly under the normal condition.But in actual applications, respiratory waveform is subjected to the probability of motion artifacts bigger, and its annoyance level is also bigger.Because threshold value is refreshed in real time, when occurring less respiratory wave again after bigger respiratory wave threshold value occurring, these little respiratory waves will not reach current threshold value, can cause this threshold value in time not to be updated, crest, trough that can not the identification of breathing ripple, thus wrong warning appears.Adopt first in first out average baselining and segmentation update method among the present invention, can guarantee in time to refresh threshold value.Even be subjected under the serious interferential situation, this average baselining can not be subjected to too much influence yet, and can follow the tracks of the variation tendency of current waveform in time.And current breathing ripple threshold value is determined according to this average baselining, so just can guarantee that amplitude threshold can in time be refreshed, and the crest and the trough of identification of breathing ripple exactly.Therefore this method can guarantee that current amplitude threshold can follow the tracks of the variation tendency of respiratory waveform and can make that again threshold value is in time refreshed, thereby has avoided the deficiencies in the prior art.
Facts have proved: the present invention has adopted the electric capacity of the asymmetric carrier signal of constant current to drive and coupling, has improved the adaptive capacity of carrier signal to the basic impedance of difference; Adopt digital form relatively to detect the output of voltage amplifier circuit by A/D conversion back, realize the comparison of window threshold value and adjusting in real time by software approach, adjustment process can be along the direction varying cyclically that increases progressively, also can be along the direction varying cyclically that successively decreases, reached stable, clear, accurately and safely monitored the purpose of respiratory waveform, improved the saturated fast restoration capabilities of respiratory wave and simplified amplification circuit structure.
Claims (9)
1, a kind of human body respiration ripple method for supervising based on the impedance variation principle is characterized in that:
Comprise the steps
A. be provided with and comprise that differential amplifier circuit (50), signal take place and the human body respiration ripple supervising device of drive circuit (10), diode detection circuit (40), adaptive-biased voltage amplifier circuit (20), voltage amplifier circuit (30), analog to digital conversion circuit (70) and single chip circuit (60);
B. by the crosslinking electrode that is attached to the body surface ad-hoc location in the body surface ecg monitoring device, connect the input of differential amplifier circuit (50) in the human body respiration ripple monitoring device and the outfan of signal generation and drive circuit (10);
C. breathe carrier signal by signal generation and drive circuit (10) to event channel (90) transmission, the breathing carrier signal of being carried out amplitude modulation(PAM) by human body respiration is transported to differential amplifier circuit (50) by event channel (90) and amplifies;
D. the breathing carrier signal after amplifying becomes the breathing voltage signal through diode detection circuit (40) demodulation, and be delivered to adaptive-biased voltage amplifier circuit (20), adaptive-biased voltage amplifier circuit (20) is also imported the automatic bias voltage of setting from single chip circuit (60), and the flip-flop of breathing in the voltage signal is subtracted each other in adaptive-biased voltage amplifier circuit (20) with automatic bias voltage; Its output is input to follow-up voltage amplifier circuit (30) again and amplifies;
E. the DC component in the breath signal of breath signal after voltage amplifier circuit (30) amplifies and adaptive-biased voltage amplifier circuit (20) output is input to analog to digital conversion circuit (70) simultaneously and carries out analog digital conversion, its result is delivered to single chip circuit (60), single chip circuit (60) is undertaken after related data handles by the program curing of inside, carry out the adjustment of automatic bias voltage, offer adaptive-biased voltage amplifier circuit (20) then; Simultaneously, the inner program curing of single chip circuit (60) also determines to suffocate the time of fire alarming threshold value according to being provided with, and this threshold value is constantly being revised renewal according to the respiratory waveform Feature Recognition thereafter;
F. single chip circuit (60) sends waveform, breathing rate and status signal to master computer (100);
G. master computer (100) shows respiration information.
2, the human body respiration ripple method for supervising based on the impedance variation principle according to claim 1,
It is characterized in that:
The control method of the described single chip circuit of step e (60) inside solidification program may further comprise the steps:
1.. carry out the initialization setting after the energising, error flag and Status Flag zero clearing;
2.. detect whether set of mismark, set does not just down enter mastery routine, if set is then changeed the fault processing subprogram and handled, disposing changes mastery routine over to;
3.. after entering mastery routine, there is video data just to call the communication subprogram as the display buffer district waveform, breathing rate and status data are transferred to master computer, afterwards, call the data acquisition subprogram data acquisition of analog to digital conversion circuit (70) delivery outlet is returned; Carry out calculation process with gathering the data of returning then, determine initial threshold and the alarm threshold value that suffocates, and whether set of decision Status Flag, call the bias-adjusted subprogram again and change, make the in-phase end of the adjusted automatic bias voltage of single chip circuit (60) output to adaptive-biased voltage amplification (20) by D/A;
4.. mastery routine is differentiated the state of Status Flag, as set, just call gain subprogram is set, make the automatic bias voltage of single chip circuit (60) output go calculating and setting by new ratio, mastery routine is called respiratory wave identification and is discerned and computing gathering the data of returning with the breathing rate counting subroutine then, and result deposits the display buffer district in;
5.. turn back to step and 2. control operation.
It is 3, according to claim 1 based on impedance variation principle human body respiration waveform method for supervising,
It is characterized in that:
The adjustment of the described adaptive-biased voltage of step e comprises step:
1., at first analog to digital conversion circuit (70) obtains the DC component of adaptive-biased amplifying circuit (20) output, and be converted to a digital signal, be input to single chip circuit (60);
2., the comparison algorithm window of algoritic module setting compares supplied with digital signal in single chip circuit (60) the inside solidification program;
3., what of adaptive-biased voltage increment described algoritic module determine according to comparative result, determining increases or reduces numerical value, provides adjusted adaptive-biased voltage by D/A converter to above-mentioned adaptive-biased voltage amplifier circuit (20) then;
4., by adjusting the size of bias voltage, the digital signal input that above-mentioned DC component is changed does not exceed the window upper limit and is not less than lower window edge.
4, a kind of as the described human body respiration ripple supervising device of claim 1 method based on the impedance variation principle, comprise differential amplifier circuit (50), diode detection circuit (40) and analog to digital conversion circuit (70), this respiratory wave supervising device is by the event channel (90) that is attached to the body surface ad-hoc location in the body surface ecg monitoring device, connect the input of differential amplifier circuit (50), it is characterized in that:
This respiratory wave supervising device comprises that also single chip circuit (60), signal take place and drive circuit (10), voltage amplifier circuit (30) and adaptive-biased voltage amplifier circuit (20), and described signal takes place and the outfan of drive circuit (10) also connects event channel (90);
An outfan of described single chip circuit (60) connects an input of adaptive-biased voltage amplifier circuit (20), output one automatic bias voltage; Another input of adaptive-biased voltage amplifier circuit (20) connects the outfan of diode detection circuit (40), and the output of adaptive-biased voltage amplifier circuit (20) connects the input of voltage amplifier circuit (30);
The input of the output termination analog to digital conversion circuit (70) of described voltage amplifier circuit (30), analog-digital conversion circuit as described (70) outfan connects the another input interface of single chip circuit (60), and transformation result is gathered by single chip circuit (60);
Single chip circuit (60) connects master computer (100) by communication interface.
5, the human body respiration ripple supervising device based on the impedance variation principle according to claim 4, it is characterized in that: comprise operational amplifier A 6-1 and A6-2 in described signal generation and the drive circuit (10), all be connected into the in-phase amplifier form, offset of sinusoidal ripple signal carries out the asymmetric amplification of tandem, and the asymmetric output signal after the amplification connects event channel (90) by capacitor C 1, C3.
6, the human body respiration ripple supervising device based on the impedance variation principle according to claim 4, it is characterized in that: described adaptive-biased voltage amplifier circuit (20) comprises operational amplifier A 3-1, be connected into the difference amplifier form, its inverting input connects the outfan of diode detection circuit (40), its in-phase input end connects the outfan that single chip circuit (60) provides automatic bias voltage, operational amplifier A 3-1 carries out the preposition amplification of subtraction to two inputs, and its output connects the input of voltage amplifier circuit (30).
7, the human body respiration ripple supervising device based on the impedance variation principle according to claim 4, it is characterized in that: described single chip circuit comprises D/A change-over circuit, data acquisition circuit and telecommunication circuit in (60), and has solidified control sequence at its program storage area.
8, the human body respiration ripple supervising device based on the impedance variation principle according to claim 4 is characterized in that: described communication interface is followed RS232 or RS485 or CAN or IEEEE1394 standard.
9, the human body respiration ripple supervising device based on the impedance variation principle according to claim 4, it is characterized in that: described communication interface is followed the Bluetooth standard.
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| CN 200410015387 CN1267055C (en) | 2004-02-16 | 2004-02-16 | Method and device for monitoring and controlling human breathing waves based on impedance variaton principle |
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| CN 200410015387 CN1267055C (en) | 2004-02-16 | 2004-02-16 | Method and device for monitoring and controlling human breathing waves based on impedance variaton principle |
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