CN103300861A - Impedance respiration measuring system - Google Patents
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- CN103300861A CN103300861A CN2013101678578A CN201310167857A CN103300861A CN 103300861 A CN103300861 A CN 103300861A CN 2013101678578 A CN2013101678578 A CN 2013101678578A CN 201310167857 A CN201310167857 A CN 201310167857A CN 103300861 A CN103300861 A CN 103300861A
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- A61B5/08—Detecting, measuring or recording devices for evaluating the respiratory organs
- A61B5/0809—Detecting, measuring or recording devices for evaluating the respiratory organs by impedance pneumography
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Abstract
The invention discloses an impedance respiration measuring system, which comprises a respiratory carrier signal acquisition module, a demodulation filter circuit module, an amplification circuit module, a waveform baseline adjustment circuit module, a high-pass filter circuit module, an analog-to-digital conversion circuit module and a microcontroller processing module, wherein the respiratory carrier signal acquisition module is used for acquiring a respiratory carrier signal; the demodulation filter circuit module is used for demodulating and filtering the respiratory carrier signal to obtain a respiratory waveform signal; the amplification circuit module is used for amplifying the alternating component of the respiratory waveform signal to obtain an amplified waveform signal; the waveform baseline adjustment circuit module is used for regulating the state of the amplification circuit module in real time to be an unsaturated amplification state; the high-pass filter circuit module is used for filtering a direct current signal in the amplified waveform signal to obtain a first analog waveform signal; the analog-to-digital conversion circuit module is used for carrying out analog-to-digital conversion on the first analog waveform signal to obtain a first digital waveform signal; the microcontroller processing module is used for carrying out digital signal processing on the first digital waveform signal to obtain a respiration measuring result. The impedance respiration measuring system is adopted, so that a waveform baseline can be quickly recovered, and a showed waveform has higher stability.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to field of medical device, particularly relate to a kind of impedance type respiratory measurement system.
Background technology
The impedance type breath measuring method is a kind of breath measuring method relatively more commonly used at present.The measuring principle of impedance type respiratory measurement system is that human body is considered as one section volume conductor, and high frequency electric is come, and human body impedance is exactly the variation of resistance basically.Along with human body one is exhaled a motion of inhaling, human body impedance also just constantly changes thereupon.When detecting, utilize the variation of measuring cardiac electrical two electrodes and the impedance of conducting wire human body.The high-frequency ac exciting current is added on the electrode, and the respiratory waveform that impedance variation produces can be modulated onto on the high-frequency ac excitation waveform, thereby obtains breathing carrier signal.Carrier signal is carried out demodulation, Filtering Processing obtains the respiratory waveform signal to breathing, the respiratory waveform signal comprises DC component signal and AC compounent signal, filtering DC component signal, and to faint AC compounent signal amplify, the operation such as analog digital conversion just can finally be presented at the waveform on the mutual display interface of instrument, this waveform is analyzed, can be obtained detected person's the information such as breathing pattern, breathing rate.
In the process of research, the present inventor finds in the existing impedance type respiratory measurement system, at least has following technical problem: carry out demodulation to breathing carrier signal, in the respiratory waveform signal that filtering obtains, if not effectively filtering of DC component signal, for example be the interference voltage that the detected person moves and introduces owing to rocking perhaps, can cause amplifying circuit to be in the saturation amplification state, comprise higher DC voltage in the voltage that amplifying circuit is exported, therefore will make analog-digital converter surpass input range, the stability of waveform demonstration is not high thus, there is waveform baseline drift phenomenon (the waveform baseline is the center of display waveform, and the waveform baseline drift is called again the waveform dc shift).More existing equipment are the methods of software rejuvenation for the solution of waveform baseline drift phenomenon, in the algorithm of software rejuvenation, generally all arrange and wait for a period of time to carry out correlated judgment and processing, response speed is slow, especially when detecting newborn respiration, can the irreclaimable situation of waveform baseline appear along with the neonate motion.
Summary of the invention
Based on this, be necessary for the problems referred to above, a kind of impedance type respiratory measurement system is provided, and quick-recovery waveform baseline makes display waveform have more high stability soon, satisfies more crowds' respiration measurement requirement.
A kind of impedance type respiratory measurement system comprises:
Breathe the carrier signal acquisition module, be used for obtaining the breathing carrier signal;
The demodulation filter circuit module is used for described breathing carrier signal is carried out demodulation, Filtering Processing, obtains the respiratory waveform signal, and described respiratory waveform signal is the stack of DC component and AC compounent;
The amplifying circuit module is used for the AC compounent of respiratory waveform signal is amplified, and obtains the waveform amplification signal;
Waveform baseline adjusted circuit module, being used in real time, the state of adjusting amplifying circuit module is the unsaturation magnifying state;
The high-pass filtering circuit module, the direct current signal for the described waveform amplification signal of filtering obtains the first analog waveform signal;
The analog to digital conversion circuit module is used for described the first analog waveform signal is carried out analog digital conversion, obtains the first digital waveform signal;
The microcontroller processing module is used for described the first digital waveform signal is carried out Digital Signal Processing, obtains the respiration measurement result;
Described breathing carrier signal acquisition module connects described demodulation filter circuit module, described demodulation filter circuit module connects described amplifying circuit module, described waveform baseline adjusted circuit module connects described amplifying circuit module, described amplifying circuit module connects described high-pass filtering circuit module, described high-pass filtering circuit module connects the analog-digital conversion circuit as described module, and the analog-digital conversion circuit as described module connects described microcontroller processing module.
Above-mentioned impedance type respiratory measurement system, comprise waveform baseline adjusted circuit module and high-pass filtering circuit module, the state of monitoring amplifier circuit module, when the amplifying circuit module is in the saturation amplification state, the state of waveform baseline adjusted circuit module regulating circuit amplification module is to the unsaturation magnifying state, make soon quick-recovery waveform baseline of impedance type respiratory measurement system, the high-pass filtering circuit module, direct current signal in the filtering waveform amplification signal, guarantee that the input signal of analog to digital conversion circuit module does not exceed the input range of analog-digital converter, makes display waveform have more high stability.
Description of drawings
The structural representation of a kind of impedance type respiratory measurement system that Fig. 1 provides for an embodiment;
The structural representation of the breathing carrier signal acquisition module of a kind of impedance type respiratory measurement system that Fig. 2 provides for embodiment shown in Fig. 1;
The circuit theory diagrams of the demodulation filter circuit module of a kind of impedance type respiratory measurement system that Fig. 3 provides for embodiment shown in Fig. 1;
The circuit theory diagrams of the waveform baseline adjusted circuit module of a kind of impedance type respiratory measurement system that Fig. 4 provides for embodiment shown in Fig. 1;
The structural representation of the microcontroller processing module of a kind of impedance type respiratory measurement system that Fig. 5 provides for embodiment shown in Fig. 1.
The specific embodiment
For the ease of understanding the present invention, the below is described more fully the present invention with reference to relevant drawings.Provided preferred embodiment of the present invention in the accompanying drawing.But the present invention can realize with many different forms, be not limited to embodiment described herein.On the contrary, provide the purpose of these embodiment be make the understanding of disclosure of the present invention more comprehensively thorough.
Referring to Fig. 1, in one embodiment, provide a kind of impedance type respiratory measurement system, comprising:
Breathe carrier signal acquisition module 110, be used for obtaining the breathing carrier signal;
Demodulation filter circuit module 120 is used for carrying out demodulation, Filtering Processing to breathing carrier signal, obtains the respiratory waveform signal, and the respiratory waveform signal is the stack of DC component and AC compounent;
Amplifying circuit module 130 is used for the AC compounent of respiratory waveform signal is amplified, and obtains the waveform amplification signal;
Waveform baseline adjusted circuit module 140, being used in real time, the state of adjusting amplifying circuit module is the unsaturation magnifying state;
High-pass filtering circuit module 150, the direct current signal for filtering waveform amplification signal obtains the first analog waveform signal;
Analog to digital conversion circuit module 160 is used for the first analog waveform signal is carried out analog digital conversion, obtains the first digital waveform signal;
Breathe carrier signal acquisition module 110 and connect demodulation filter circuit module 120, demodulation filter circuit module 120 connects amplifying circuit module 130, waveform baseline adjusted circuit module 140 connects amplifying circuit module 130, amplifying circuit module 130 connects high-pass filtering circuit module 150, high-pass filtering circuit module 150 connection mode number conversion circuit modules 160, analog to digital conversion circuit module 160 connects microcontroller processing module 170.
Referring to Fig. 2, the breathing carrier signal acquisition module 110 shown in Fig. 1 among the embodiment, when implementing, can but be not limited to comprise following device:
Exchange carrier wave and produce circuit 111, for generation of exchanging carrier signal;
Conducting wire 115 connects electrocardioelectrode 113 and exchanges carrier wave generation circuit 111;
The switching analoging switch 117 that leads connects microcontroller processing module 170 and conducting wire 115, is used for switching the pattern of leading;
Transformer-coupled circuit 119 connects the switching analoging switch 117 that leads, and obtains breathing carrier signal for the voltage signal on the described conducting wire of two-way is coupled.
Concrete, consider that the impedance of human body under high-frequency signal injection, can be considered as resistance induction reactance, can produce heat effect again but exciting signal frequency is too high.Therefore, exchange the frequency range that carrier wave produces the carrier signal that circuit produces and to be chosen in 50kHz～100kHz.In the present embodiment, exchanging carrier wave generation circuit 111 is the 62.5kHz sine wave generation circuit.
The present embodiment provides the impedance type respiratory measurement system pattern of optionally leading to have that I leads, II leads.The pattern of leading that I leads, electrocardioelectrode adopt LA(Left Arm, are called for short LA, left upper extremity) electrode and RA(Right Arm, be called for short RA, right upper extremity) electrode, and connect respectively left shoulders and the right shoulders of human body, be fit to detect thoracic respiration.And neonate adopts thoracoabdominal breathing mostly, is fit to the pattern of leading that employing II leads, and under the pattern of leading that II leads, electrocardioelectrode adopts RA electrode and LL(Left Leg, is called for short LL, left lower extremity) electrode.
The sinusoidal carrier that exchanges 111 generations of carrier wave generation circuit acts on human body by conducting wire 115, electrocardioelectrode 113.The switching analoging switch 117 of leading connects microcontroller processing module 170 and conducting wires 115, under the control of microcontroller processing module 170, and the switching of the pattern that can realize leading.Transformer-coupled circuit 119 connects the switching analoging switch 117 that leads, and the voltage signal on the two-way conducting wire is coupled obtains breathing carrier signal.
Referring to Fig. 3, the demodulation filter circuit module 120 among Fig. 1 among the embodiment comprises that full-wave rectifying circuit comprises full-wave rectifying circuit 121 and low-pass filter circuit 123.
The input of full-wave rectifying circuit 121 connects the outfan of breathing carrier signal acquisition module 110, is used for that the breathing carrier signal is carried out all wave rectification and obtains the first rectified signal.
The input of low-pass filter circuit 123 connects the outfan of full-wave rectifying circuit 121, is used for that the first rectified signal is carried out filtering and obtains the respiratory waveform signal.The respiratory waveform signal comprises DC component and AC compounent, DC component can be considered as the response voltage signal that human body " basic impedance " (constant resistance when can be understood as the human body no breathing) produces, the response voltage signal that impedance variation produced when AC compounent can be considered as human body respiration.Although AC compounent is faint, for DC component 1/1000 or less, 1.5V～3V as DC component, about the general 0.5mv of AC compounent, AC compounent is only the signal of effective measurement human body respiration.
Referring to Fig. 3, full-wave rectifying circuit 121 comprises the first phase inverter U201A, the first comparator U202A and the first analog switch U203; Carrier signal is breathed in the input access of the first phase inverter; Two inputs of the first comparator U202A access respectively breathes carrier signal and 0 electric potential signal; The control end of the first analog switch U203 connects the outfan of the first comparator U202A, and the input of the first analog switch U203 connects respectively the outfan of breathing carrier signal and the first phase inverter U201A.
Referring to Fig. 3, the operation principle of full-wave rectifying circuit is: the breathing carrier signal is at first reverse through the first phase inverter U201A, signal after breathing carrier signal and passing through is oppositely sent into respectively input Y0 and the Y1 foot of the first analog switch U203, breathe simultaneously the reverse input end that carrier signal is given the first comparator U202A, the input signal of the positive input of the first comparator U202A is by resistance R 203, voltage signal about the 1mV that R204 and R205 dividing potential drop produce, this voltage signal can be considered 0 electric potential signal, breathe carrier signal when breathing the carrier signal output pin Y output Y0 signal forward that the first comparator U202A output LOW voltage is controlled the first analog switch U203 when being positive voltage, when breathe carrier signal when being negative voltage the first comparator U202A output HIGH voltage control the output pin Y output Y1 signal of the first analog switch U203 breathing carrier signal after reverse.With respect to the halfwave rectifier that prior art adopts diode to carry out, the present embodiment is by all wave rectification demodulation, take full advantage of breathe in the positive negative direction of carrier signal with information, follow-up have higher signal accuracy when carrying out data analysis.
Referring to Fig. 3, low-pass filter circuit 123 comprises resistance R 206 and capacitor C 200, and the cut-off frequency of low-pass filter circuit 123 is 18Hz.By low-pass filtering, the high-frequency signal filtering with breathing in the carrier signal obtains the respiratory waveform signal.
Referring to Fig. 4, waveform baseline adjusted circuit module 140 comprises elementary amplifying circuit 141, the second comparator 142, the second analog switch 143, the first enumerator 144, the first resistor network 145 and clock circuit 146;
Two inputs of elementary amplifying circuit 141 connect respectively the outfan of demodulation filter circuit module 120 and the outfan of the first resistor network 145, and the outfan of elementary amplifying circuit 141 connects the input of amplifying circuit module 130;
Two inputs of the second comparator 142 connect respectively outfan and the reference voltage signal of elementary amplifying circuit 141, and the magnitude of voltage of reference voltage signal is less than the saturation voltage of amplifying circuit module 130;
The control end of the second analog switch 143 connects the outfan of the second comparator 142, and the input of the second analog switch 143 connects the outfan of clock circuit 146, and the outfan of the second analog switch 143 connects the clock input of described the first enumerator 144;
The outfan of the first enumerator 144 connects the input of the first resistor network 145.
In the specific implementation, clock circuit 146 can but to be not limited to be the PWM(PWM of 200Hz, Pulse Width Modulation, pulse width modulation) wave generation circuit.
Referring to Fig. 4, the operation principle of waveform baseline adjusted circuit module 140 is as follows:
The respiratory waveform signal connects the reverse input end of elementary amplifying circuit 141, the positive input of elementary amplifying circuit 141 connects the first resistor network 145, the positive input voltage of elementary amplifying circuit 141 is designated as bias voltage V1, elementary amplifying circuit output voltage V o is through connecting the positive input of the second comparator 142, the reverse input end of the second comparator 142 connects a reference voltage signal, and this reference voltage signal is set as the saturation voltage less than amplifying circuit module 130; The output of the second comparator 142 connects the control pin of the second analog switch 143, and the input pin X1 of the second analog switch 143 connects the PWM ripple signal of 200Hz, and output connects input clock signal (CLK) pin of the first enumerator 144.After respiratory waveform signal and bias voltage V1 carry out differential amplification, when if elementary amplifying circuit 141 output voltage V o are higher than reference voltage signal, the second comparator 142 output high level, the second analog switch 143 conductings output PWM ripple signal, PWM ripple signal is as the CLK signal input of the first enumerator 144, under the effect of CLK signal, R5-R17 is place in circuit successively, bias voltage V1 is raise gradually, by being set, suitable resistance make the bias voltage elevation process more level and smooth, substantially without the ladder situation.Along with bias voltage and respiratory waveform signal voltage move closer to, the output voltage V o of elementary amplifying circuit reduces gradually until be lower than reference voltage signal, the second comparator 142 output low levels, the second analog switch 143 disconnects, the clock signal of the first enumerator disappears, quit work, bias voltage is stable, this moment, Vo voltage was less, avoid the saturation amplification of amplifying circuit module 130, can carry out quick self-adapted adjusting to the respiratory waveform baseline drift phenomenon that occurs because of detected person's (such as neonate) motion.
A kind of impedance type respiratory measurement system that provides in the present embodiment, the high-pass filtering cut-off frequency of high-pass filtering circuit module 150 is 0.1Hz, the quick larger direct current signal that comprises of filtering amplifying circuit module output signal, guaranteed that analog to digital conversion circuit module 160 does not exceed input voltage range, makes display waveform more stable.
Referring to Fig. 5, microcontroller processing module 170 comprises:
Digital waveform signal acquiring unit 171 is used for obtaining the first digital waveform signal.
Low-pass digital filter unit 173 is used for the first digital waveform signal is carried out filtering, obtains the second digital waveform signal.
The adult is high for the newborn respiration frequency ratio, it is clinical to be limited to (2.5Hz) 150 times/second on generally acknowledging, 120 times/second (2Hz) that are higher than the adult, the low-pass digital filter unit can but to be not limited to be the 3 rank Butterworth LPF of 2.8hz, guaranteed that the waveshape signal that neonate is measured when breathing passes through undistortedly.
Wave trap filter unit 175 is used for the frequency according to the interference aroused in interest of obtaining, and the second digital waveform signal is carried out bandpass filtering, obtains the 3rd digital waveform signal.
When implementing, the frequency band range of wave trap can be regulated according to the frequency of interference aroused in interest.The frequency of interference aroused in interest can be obtained by detected person's heart rate value.Detected person's heart rate value can be obtained by heartbeat detection device, and this heartbeat detection device can be external or be built in the impedance type respiratory measurement system that the present embodiment provides.
The impedance type respiratory measurement system that the present embodiment provides, comprise waveform baseline adjusted circuit module and high-pass filtering circuit module, the state of monitoring amplifier circuit module, when the amplifying circuit module is in the saturation amplification state, the state of waveform baseline adjusted circuit module regulating circuit amplification module is to the unsaturation magnifying state, make soon quick-recovery waveform baseline of impedance type respiratory measurement system, the high-pass filtering circuit module, direct current signal in the filtering waveform amplification signal, guarantee that the input signal of analog to digital conversion circuit module does not exceed the input range of analog-digital converter, makes display waveform have more high stability.
The above embodiment has only expressed several embodiment of the present invention, and it describes comparatively concrete and detailed, but can not therefore be interpreted as the restriction to claim of the present invention.Should be pointed out that for the person of ordinary skill of the art, without departing from the inventive concept of the premise, can also make some distortion and improvement, these all belong to protection scope of the present invention.Therefore, the protection domain of patent of the present invention should be as the criterion with claims.
Claims (10)
1. an impedance type respiratory measurement system is characterized in that, comprising:
Breathe the carrier signal acquisition module, be used for obtaining the breathing carrier signal;
The demodulation filter circuit module is used for described breathing carrier signal is carried out demodulation, Filtering Processing, obtains the respiratory waveform signal, and described respiratory waveform signal is the stack of DC component and AC compounent;
The amplifying circuit module is used for the AC compounent of respiratory waveform signal is amplified, and obtains the waveform amplification signal;
Waveform baseline adjusted circuit module, being used in real time, the state of adjusting amplifying circuit module is the unsaturation magnifying state;
The high-pass filtering circuit module, the direct current signal for the described waveform amplification signal of filtering obtains the first analog waveform signal;
The analog to digital conversion circuit module is used for described the first analog waveform signal is carried out analog digital conversion, obtains the first digital waveform signal;
The microcontroller processing module is used for described the first digital waveform signal is carried out Digital Signal Processing, obtains the respiration measurement result;
Described breathing carrier signal acquisition module connects described demodulation filter circuit module, described demodulation filter circuit module connects described amplifying circuit module, described waveform baseline adjusted circuit module connects described amplifying circuit module, described amplifying circuit module connects described high-pass filtering circuit module, described high-pass filtering circuit module connects the analog-digital conversion circuit as described module, and the analog-digital conversion circuit as described module connects described microcontroller processing module.
2. impedance type respiratory measurement system according to claim 1 is characterized in that, described breathing carrier signal acquisition module comprises:
Electrocardioelectrode is used for connecting detected person's human body;
Exchange carrier wave and produce circuit, for generation of exchanging carrier signal;
Conducting wire connects described electrocardioelectrode and produces circuit with the described carrier wave that exchanges;
The switching analoging switch that leads connects described microcontroller processing module and described conducting wire, is used for switching the pattern of leading;
Transformer-coupled circuit connects the described switching analoging switch that leads, and obtains described breathing carrier signal for the voltage signal on the described conducting wire of two-way is coupled.
3. impedance type respiratory measurement system according to claim 2 is characterized in that, it is the 62.5kHZ sine wave generation circuit that described interchange carrier wave produces circuit.
4. impedance type respiratory measurement system according to claim 1 is characterized in that, described demodulation filter circuit module comprises full-wave rectifying circuit and low-pass filter circuit;
The input of described full-wave rectifying circuit connects the outfan of described breathing carrier signal acquisition module, is used for that described breathing carrier signal is carried out all wave rectification and obtains the first rectified signal;
The input of described low-pass filter circuit connects the outfan of described full-wave rectifying circuit, is used for that described the first rectified signal is carried out filtering and obtains described respiratory waveform signal.
5. impedance type respiratory measurement system according to claim 4 is characterized in that, described full-wave rectifying circuit comprises the first phase inverter, the first comparator and the first analog switch;
The input of described the first phase inverter accesses described breathing carrier signal;
Two inputs of described the first comparator access respectively described breathing carrier signal and 0 electric potential signal;
The control end of described the first analog switch connects the outfan of described the first comparator, and the input of described the first analog switch connects respectively the outfan of described breathing carrier signal and described the first phase inverter.
6. impedance type respiratory measurement system according to claim 4 is characterized in that, described low-pass filter circuit comprises resistance R 206 and capacitor C 200, and the cut-off frequency of described low-pass filter circuit is 18Hz.
7. impedance type respiratory measurement system according to claim 1 is characterized in that, described waveform baseline adjusted circuit module comprises elementary amplifying circuit, the second comparator, the second analog switch, the first enumerator, the first resistor network and clock circuit;
Two inputs of described elementary amplifying circuit connect respectively the outfan of described demodulation filter circuit module and the outfan of described the first resistor network, and the outfan of described elementary amplifying circuit connects the input of described amplifying circuit module;
Two inputs of described the second comparator connect respectively outfan and the reference voltage signal of described elementary amplifying circuit, and the magnitude of voltage of described reference voltage signal is less than the saturation voltage of described amplifying circuit module;
The control end of described the second analog switch connects the outfan of described the second comparator, and the input of described the second analog switch connects the outfan of described clock circuit, and the outfan of described the second analog switch connects the clock input of described the first enumerator;
The outfan of described the first enumerator connects the input of described the first resistor network.
8. impedance type respiratory measurement system according to claim 7 is characterized in that, described clock circuit is the PWM wave generation circuit of 200Hz.
9. impedance type respiratory measurement system according to claim 1 is characterized in that, the high-pass filtering cut-off frequency of described high-pass filtering circuit module is 0.1Hz.
10. impedance type respiratory measurement system according to claim 1 is characterized in that, described microcontroller processing module comprises:
The digital waveform signal acquiring unit is used for obtaining described the first digital waveform signal;
The low-pass digital filter unit is used for described the first digital waveform signal is carried out filtering, obtains the second digital waveform signal;
The wave trap filter unit is used for the frequency according to the interference aroused in interest of obtaining, and described the second digital waveform signal is carried out bandpass filtering, obtains the 3rd digital waveform signal;
Computing unit is used for according to described the 3rd digital waveform signal, judges detected person's breathing pattern and the breathing rate that calculates the detected person.
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| CN201310167857.8A CN103300861B (en) | 2013-05-08 | 2013-05-08 | Impedance respiration measuring system |
| PCT/CN2013/078120 WO2014180045A1 (en) | 2013-05-08 | 2013-06-27 | Impedance type breath measurement system |
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| CN104771806B (en) * | 2015-05-12 | 2018-01-16 | 中国人民解放军第三军医大学第二附属医院 | Infusion pump multi-parameter signals harvester and method based on impedance variations |
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| CN112781645A (en) * | 2019-11-08 | 2021-05-11 | 深圳市理邦精密仪器股份有限公司 | Respiration signal simulation circuit and respiration signal simulation method |
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Also Published As
| Publication number | Publication date |
|---|---|
| WO2014180045A1 (en) | 2014-11-13 |
| CN103300861B (en) | 2015-04-08 |
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