CN103299811A - Method for enhancing soil waterflooding effect to control pepper phytophthora blight - Google Patents
Method for enhancing soil waterflooding effect to control pepper phytophthora blight Download PDFInfo
- Publication number
- CN103299811A CN103299811A CN2013102399083A CN201310239908A CN103299811A CN 103299811 A CN103299811 A CN 103299811A CN 2013102399083 A CN2013102399083 A CN 2013102399083A CN 201310239908 A CN201310239908 A CN 201310239908A CN 103299811 A CN103299811 A CN 103299811A
- Authority
- CN
- China
- Prior art keywords
- soil
- trichoderma harzianum
- waterflooding
- days
- test tube
- Prior art date
- Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
- Granted
Links
Images
Landscapes
- Agricultural Chemicals And Associated Chemicals (AREA)
Abstract
The invention relates to a method for enhancing a soil waterflooding effect to control the pepper phytophthora blight. The method is characterized by comprising the following steps: when the soil temperature is higher than 15 DEG C, first, clearing up wracks produced by preceding crops in parcels of rice fields completely, then carrying out rotary cultivation for 20-25 cm, constructing ribs around the parcels of rice fields by soil, waterflooding the parcels of rice fields with irrigation water for 12-15 days, and at least keeping the water depth above the surface soil layer of the field to be 5 cm during the waterflooding period; and after finishing waterflooding, naturally drying the soil and then applying base fertilizers, and uniformly spraying trichoderma harzianum solid bactericide, and planting pepper after a rotary cultivation to the soil, wherein the trichoderma harzianum solid bactericide is prepared from trichoderma harzianum strains of which the preservation number is CGMCCNo.7640, the bacteria content in the Trichoderma harzianum solid bactericide is 10<10-11> cfu/g, and the dosage of the Trichoderma harzianum solid bactericide is 30-40 kilograms per acre.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to a kind of method that strengthens waterlogging effect prevention and control capsicum epidemic disease, specifically field soil is used the Trichoderma harzianum microbial inoculum and then is improved control effect to capsicum epidemic disease behind the submerging treatment certain hour.Belong to and utilize the soil regulation measure that corps diseases is carried out the integrated control field.
Background technology
Each pepper producing area generally occurs capsicum epidemic disease in the world, is a kind of worldwide soil-borne disease.Leonian nineteen twenty-two reported first cause that the pathogen of capsicum epidemic disease is phytophthora blight of pepper.This pathogen causes pepper producing area generation serious plant disease the autumn in 1918, and diseased region disease after a year continue to occur, and spread to around.The generation of capsicum epidemic disease is not limited by geographical environment, there is generation in America, Asia, Europe, and there are tens countries such as the U.S., Mexico, Argentina, Brazil, Russia, Bulgaria, France, Italy, Korea S, Japan, India in the general and serious country of falling ill.China finds this disease first in nineteen fifty in Jiangsu, Gansu Province in 1989 capsicum epidemic disease occured, Shaanxi Province in 1987 is very popular, and now extensively is distributed in more than 20 province, and the trend that increases the weight of year by year and spread is arranged.
It is investigated, the general 5%-65% of the capsicum epidemic disease incidence of disease on average can reach 24.4%.The death rate that causes because of this disease reaches 15.1%, but occuring, serious underproduction 4-7 becomes, even total crop failure.Capsicum epidemic disease has become the bottleneck of serious restriction Hot Pepper Industry Development.Construction is unfavorable for the pathogen survival and reproduction and the soil environment that is beneficial to or do not harm plant growth is one of important means of the soil-borne diseases such as control capsicum epidemic disease.At present, mainly contain Agro-chemicals control, biological control, breeding resistant variety and agricultural measures etc. for the method for preventing and treating capsicum epidemic disease both at home and abroad.Although every technology all constantly makes progress and develops, many successful test reports are also arranged, in production aspect, large scale application, lack still so far that preventive effect is stable, the prevention and control measure of economically feasible, operability.
Waterflooding is the processing method of the pests such as the sick worm of a kind of ancient elimination soil, germ.Newhall has described the multinomial practice of the soil-borne disease that causes about waterflooding control fungi, nematode, insect.In Gaza area, soil is through submerging treatment (winter and spring) planting vegetable again after several weeks, and vegetable disease significantly reduces and output increased.Pullman studies show that, summer, long submerging treatment can effectively be controlled verticillium dahliae and the microbial fusarium wilt of verticillium wilt, and therefore output of cotton increases.The laboratory test of Sariah etc. shows that the sclerotium survival ability of seedling blight of red pepper bacterium (capsicum root cap rotten and seedling withered pathogenic bacteria) weakens along with the prolongation of waterflooding time, the greenhouse test data show that the withered incidence of disease of the seedling of blank group is 43.7%, and the submerging treatment group is 10.2%, the Brassicol processed group is 12.3%, the corresponding root cap decay incidence of disease is respectively 58.1%, 25.3% and 28.1%, so the effective withered and capsicum root cap decay of the microbial seedling of prevention and control seedling blight of red pepper of waterflooding.Also more on the impact research of pathogenic soil fungi surviving rate about waterflooding, Loannou has studied the impact that the Water condition condition produces verticillium wilt pathogen sclerotium in the tomato tissue, the result shows, it is consistent with the sclerotium quantity of once irrigating the processing generation that nothing is irrigated processing, and produce hardly sclerotium under the waterflooding.Ulacio has set forth the Rhizoctonia fungi and still can survive under flooding condition, but its survival rate, produces the sclerotium ability and descend.The demonstration of the results of study such as Li Shichang, soil short-term submerging treatment is less on the Fusariumsp impact, but the bacterium amount of rust rot bacterium is reduced rapidly.Waterflooding can be combined with other measure and be strengthened the soil disinfection effect, and the test demonstration waterflooding of David etc. is combined with solarization and can be more effectively prevented and treated the disease that nematode causes.Stover points out that also the control effect that dries some soil-borne diseases is better behind waterlogging, also can increase protection effect with the fungicide processing after the waterflooding.
But many researchs also show, waterflooding can significantly reduce pathogen quantity in the soil, even but prolong the waterflooding time and also be difficult to reach the effect of eliminating pathogen fully.And if can finish add the beneficial microbe that can suppress the pathogen growth and stronger competitive advantage and good colonization ability are arranged at crop rhizosphere at waterlogging, will continue to build the generation that the environment that is unfavorable for pathogen existence is controlled disease then at crop rhizosphere.Trichoderma harzianum since its fast growth, biomass greatly and stronger ecologic competition ability, to the growth inhibition effects of many plant pathogenic fungis and to the facilitation of plant growth, commercially produced and extensive use in agricultural production as a kind of important Biocontrol microorganism both at home and abroad.The academy of agricultural sciences, Jiangsu Province screens a strain Trichoderma harzianum from soil, this wood is mould to be had strong growth inhibitory effect and at the capsicum rhizosphere good colonization ability is arranged Phytophthora capsici, this Trichoderma harzianum is applied in the soil after the waterflooding, in soil, reach the capsicum rhizosphere and form the superior microorganism population, will strengthen the control effect to capsicum epidemic disease.
The patent of existing relevant submerging treatment soil has: application (patent) number: 201110141809.2, in vegetable soil, use the easily biodegradable organics material, and eliminate facility vegetable field soil acidifying and secondary salinization by waterflooding, improve the vegetable soil proterties.Application (patent) number: 201110286730.9: the invention discloses a kind of method of utilizing slag improvement soil and intercepting rice from absorbing heavy metal, slag was applied to soil in previous month in the rice seedling transplanting, the rear maintenance waterflooding state of pouring water, treat the rice seedling transplanting, can improve soil environment, reduce rice from absorbing heavy metal.Application (patent) number: 201210570480.6, can reduce the soil conditioning method of rice cadmium accumulation.It is characterized in that soil conditioner sulphite is spread fertilizer over the fields surface at the acid heavy metal cadmium pollution soil, nurse one's health in conjunction with waterlogging, make the Eh of acid heavy metal cadmium pollution soil be in the reducing environment of low electrochemical potential, utilize the reduzate that generates that the cadmium in the soil is effectively adsorbed and generate chemical precipitation.Application (patent) number: 200910093768.7, the method for a kind of original position degraded DDT is with Na
2S joins in the DDT contaminated soil (or bed mud) under the waterflooding anaerobic environment, the DDT in the direct in-situ degraded solutions.Application (patent) number: 201310003092.4, a kind of rice field-upland field rotation common-mode for the treatment of facility continuous cropping obstacle of watermelon.After spring, the facility plastic greenhouse watermelon was gathered end, to implement to continue waterflooding and processed in 4 months, the aquatic vegetable of planting again can prevent effectively that the fusarium wilt of continuous cropping watermelon in next year from sending out and soil salinization harm.
Comprehensive above material can be found out, only there is a patent to relate to waterflooding prevention and control watermelon blight, the existing patent relevant with waterflooding all do not relate to use behind waterlogging has the Trichoderma harzianum that suppresses the pathogen growth and then the control effect that strengthens capsicum epidemic disease, also has no relevant research report both at home and abroad.
In pepper planting base, Jiangsu Province, the Soil-sickness Problems such as soil-borne disease that many peasant households adopt the continuous cropping of waterflooding measure prevention and control capsicum to cause are for a long time obtained certain control effect, but the general waterflooding time is more than 30～35 d, even waterflooding time lengthening, control effect are still unstable.The academy of agricultural sciences, Jiangsu Province passes through for many years, the test and study of multiple spot is found, in disease light plot occurs, and the preventive effect to capsicum epidemic disease can reach 70-100% in conventional waterflooding 20-35 days; And serious plot occurs in disease, the conventional waterflooding 20-35 days preventive effects to capsicum epidemic disease only are 40-60%, and different field soil preventive effect have very big difference (published an article at the water and soil conservation journal, 2013,27 (2), 209-214); We find in deep research; the processing of capsicum waterlogging is used the Trichoderma harzianum microbial inoculum with disease-proof functions after 13 days again to protection ground; then can suppress the growth of Phytophthora capsici in the soil fully; compare with conventional waterflooding; not only greatly shortened the waterflooding time; and having significantly improved preventive effect to capsicum epidemic disease, preventive effect can reach 100%.
Summary of the invention
The object of the invention is to: high for cropping index in China's protection ground pepper planting; continuous cropping is serious; capsicum epidemic disease is extensive; the serious production that occurs is actual; and existing prevention and control measure is because preventive effect is low; unstable or cost is high; operation easier is large; still the practical problem that is difficult to large scale application in actual production; proposition is carried out soil to add fast growth behind the submerging treatment certain hour again; be easy to cultivate; the soil colonazition is strong and have the Trichoderma harzianum of wide spectrum disease-proof functions, and method and lower input cost improve stability and the control efficiency of capsicum epidemic disease prevention and control in simple operation.
The object of the present invention is achieved like this: use the method that trichoderma improves the capsicum epidemic disease control effect after waterlogging is processed, build the environment that is unfavorable for the Phytophthora capsici growth by submerging treatment soil, at utmost reduce the quantity of pathogen, and then use Trichoderma harzianum, transplant capsicum, to reach the effect that continues to suppress Phytophthora capsici growth, prevention and control capsicum epidemic disease.It is characterized in that: soil temperature is more than 15 ℃, remove the residual body that preceding crop in the field produces clean, soil rotary tillage 20-25 centimetre, play approximately 20 centimetres of high ribs with around the field with fortifield village, with irrigation water field was carried out submerging treatment 13 days, the field depth of water remains on the soil layer surface more than 5 centimetres during the waterflooding.Waterflooding finishes, and applies base fertilizer after soil natural dries, and evenly is spilled into the Trichoderma harzianum microbial inoculum, with the capsicum of planting behind the soil rotary tillage again.
In the present invention, the trichoderma consumption is 30-40 kg/acre, and Trichoderma harzianum quantity is not less than 1X10 in the used trichoderma
10The gram microbial inoculum.
In the present invention, described Trichoderma harzianum solid fungicide is to obtain like this: trichoderma harzianum strain is inoculated among the test tube slant medium PDA, cultivated 3 days for 28 ± 2 ℃, be transferred in the PDB liquid nutrient medium again, liquid amount is 80ml/250ml; Place shaking table to cultivate 3-4 days triangular flask, the rotating speed 160r/min of shaking table, cultivation temperature is 28 ± 2 ℃; Access in the solid culture medium with 5% inoculum concentration V/W after cultivating end, continue to cultivate 6-8 days at 28 ± 2 ℃, turned once every 2-3 days, to producing spore; Pulverized the 10-20 mesh sieve after last natural air drying or 30 ℃ of oven dry, and obtained the Trichoderma harzianum solid fungicide, the bacteria containing amount in the solid fungicide is 10
10-11Cfu/g.
In the preparation of described Trichoderma harzianum solid fungicide: described test tube slant medium PDA obtains like this: take by weighing potato 100 grams, peeling is cut into piece and is boiled half an hour, then uses two-layer filtered through gauze, add again glucose 10 grams, agar 10 gram is supplied water to 500 milliliter after dissolving, minute install in 25 milliliters the test tube, 5 milliliters of medium of each test tube, 121 ℃, be put into the inclined-plane behind the sterilization 15min for subsequent use, bevel altitude is no more than 1/3rd of test tube length; Described liquid nutrient medium PDB obtains like this: take by weighing potato 100 grams, peeling, be cut into piece and boil half an hour, then use two-layer filtered through gauze, add again glucose 10 gram, supply water to 500 milliliter after dissolving, divide and install in the triangular flask, bottled 80 milliliters of each 250 milliliters of triangle, 121 ℃, cooling is for subsequent use behind the sterilization 15min; Described solid culture medium is by wheat bran: straw=7:3(mass ratio) evenly mix and forms (rice straw powder is broken into 5 millimeter length), add deionized water so that the medium moisture is 65%, 121 ℃, cool off for subsequent use behind the sterilization 40min.
The invention has the advantages that: at first, the present invention adopts low, easy and simple to handle, the widely accepted waterflooding measure of input cost that the serious field of capsicum epidemic disease generation is carried out submerging treatment, reduce redox potential in the soil, construction is unfavorable for the environment of pathogen growth and breeding, reduce pathogen quantity, reduce the disease occurrence probability; Secondly, waterflooding finishes the rear Trichoderma harzianum microbial inoculum with wide spectrum disease-proof functions of using in the field, this Trichoderma harzianum reproduction speed in soil has strong growth inhibition effect soon and to Phytophthora capsici, can reach to continue to suppress the purpose that pathogen quantity increases, strengthens the disease control effect.Whole application is simple, easy operating; The Trichoderma harzianum of using has stronger competition and fertility at soil and capsicum rhizosphere, and the microflora of optimizing capsicum forms, and performance is to promoting crop growth, protection effect, for new approach is opened up in the efficient utilization of the soil-borne disease control of protection ground and microbial resources.
Serious soil occurs to a plurality of growing vegetables base, Jiangsu capsicum epidemic disease and carries out submerging treatment in us, the result shows, soil pH, total phenolic content raise after the waterflooding, and total organic acids content significantly increases, and the electrical conductivity of soil, redox potential and ammonium nitrogen content then significantly descend.On biological property, waterflooding can reduce the activity of soil dehydrase and soil urease, and significantly reduces soil fungi and actinomycetic quantity.When waterflooding 35 days finishes, Phytophthora capsici quantity reduce to originally 10%.Soil is planted behind the capsicum, and control group Phytophthora capsici quantity significantly increases, and the waterflooding group is substantially constant.In two kinds of test soil, waterflooding 20 days and 35 days to the preventive effect of capsicum epidemic disease only in the 50-70% scope.Further research is found waterlogging after 13 days or 20 days, uses the Trichoderma harzianum microbial inoculum capsicum of planting again, can reach 100% control effect to capsicum epidemic disease, and the capsicum growing way significantly is better than contrast.This technology has not only shortened the waterflooding time but also has obviously improved protection effect, and the improvement of facility cultivation soil property, soil-borne disease prevention and control and the sustainable use of facility soil and the sustainable development of industrialized agriculture are significant.
Description of drawings
Fig. 1 be Trichoderma harzianum to Phytophthora capsici germ bacteriostatic test, in the PDA flat board, the left side is the Phytophthora capsici mycelia, the right is the Trichoderma harzianum mycelia; A cultivates observed result after 24 hours, and B cultivates observed result after 48 hours.
Fig. 2 is that the impact on Phytophthora capsici quantity in the soil is processed in waterflooding and moisturizing.
Fig. 3 is that soil adopts behind the Different treatments the impact of the Phytophthora capsici incidence of disease, and CK be blank the group among the figure; F is 13 days groups of waterflooding; T is the microbial inoculum group; F+T is 13 days+microbial inoculum of waterflooding group; Vertical line represents the capsicum transplanting time among the figure.
Fig. 4 is the pot experiment photo, and CK is blank group among the figure; F is 13 days groups of waterflooding; T is the microbial inoculum group; F+T is 13 days+microbial inoculum of waterflooding group.
Embodiment
Embodiment 1
The preparation of Trichoderma harzianum medium
The Trichoderma harzianum that adopts in the present embodiment (Trichoderma harzianum) is to be obtained by the Jiangsu Province Agriculture Science Institute screening, this bacterial strain is preserved in China Committee for Culture Collection of Microorganisms common micro-organisms center on May 24th, 2013, the depositary institution address is: No. 3, Yard 1, BeiChen xi Road, Chaoyang District, Beijing City, Institute of Microorganism, Academia Sinica, postcode is 100101, and preserving number is CGMCC No.7640.
The preparation of test tube slant medium: potato 100 grams, glucose or sucrose 10 grams, agar 10 grams, 500 milliliters in water, pH nature.Peeling potatoes, be cut into piece and boil half an hour, then use 2 layers of filtered through gauze, again sugaring and agar, heating is boiled to agar and is dissolved, supply volume to 500 milliliter, suitably be cooled to about 60 ℃ minute to install in the test tube, loading amount is 5 milliliters, with the good test tube mouth of test tube plug plug, 121 ℃ of autoclaving 15min, the pendulum inclined-plane is for subsequent use after taking out, and bevel altitude is no more than 1/3 of test tube height.
The preparation of liquid seed culture medium: potato 100 grams, glucose or sucrose 10 grams, 500 milliliters in water, pH nature.Peeling potatoes, be cut into piece and boil half an hour, then use 2 layers of filtered through gauze, add glucose again, heating is boiled, supply volume to 500 milliliter, suitably divide after the cooling to install in the triangular flask, liquid amount is 80 ml/250 ml triangular flasks, with the good bottleneck of tampon plug, 121 ℃ of autoclaving 15min, for subsequent use after the cooling.
The preparation of solid culture medium: wheat bran: rice straw powder quality proportioning is 7:3.In the present embodiment, get wheat bran 7kg, rice straw powder 3kg uniform stirring, adding water adjustment medium moisture is 60-65%, 121 ℃ of autoclaving 40min, sterilized once again at similarity condition after 24 hours in the interval, for subsequent use after the cooling.
Embodiment 2:
Trichoderma harzianum (
Trichoderma harzianum) preparation (the various medium that the present embodiment relates to provide by embodiment 1) of solid fungicide
A) activation of bacterial classification
Adopt the activation method of test tube slant preservation of bacteria strain: the inoculated by hypha block about diameter 5mm of bacterial classification picking of test tube slant preservation is activated, in 28 ± 2 ℃ environment, cultivate after 3-5 days for subsequent use in test tube slant medium PDA.
Adopt the activation method of ampoul tube lyophil preservation bacterial classification: ampoul tube lyophil preservation bacterial classification is cleaned ampoule with 70% cotton ball soaked in alcohol in superclean bench, then in ampoule, frustrate ditch one with emery wheel, wrap ampoule with sterile gauze pad or sterile towel, then break ampoul tube into two with one's hands to wherein adding 0.5-1.0ml liquid nutrient medium PDB with hand, slowly rotate ampoule, make the freeze-drying lactobacillus rehydration, and then this is transferred among the test tube slant medium PDA activates, in 28 ± 2 ℃ environment, cultivate after 3-5 days for subsequent use.
B) liquid culture
It is being equipped with in the 80ml liquid nutrient medium PDB triangular flask of 250m l that bacterium piece about three diameter 8mm of described Trichoderma harzianum picking that test tube is activated is seeded in respectively three volumes, place shaking table, the rotating speed 160r/min of shaking table cultivates after 3-4 days for subsequent use in 28 ± 2 ℃ environment.
C) solid culture
In the described Trichoderma harzianum culture access of the 250ml that liquid culture is the good 5kg solid culture medium, solid culture is tiled in (tray is used) in the tray after the formalin solution soaked overnight is dried, thickness 5-8cm, the double-deck gauze of processing through autoclaving on the upper cover, in 28 ± 2 ℃ of environment, continue to cultivate 6-8 days, turned once every 2-3 days, suitably add sterile water simultaneously, be cultured to the product spore; Last natural air drying or 30 ℃ of oven dry (moisture is less than 10%) are solid fungicide, and the microbial inoculum bacteria containing amount is 10
10-11Cfu/g.
Above all inoculation operations must namely be processed 1-2 hour room on the alcolhol burner side of superclean bench or through ultraviolet disinfection under aseptic condition, the room of solid culture also needs to process 1-2 hour with ultraviolet disinfection in advance.
Embodiment 3
Trichoderma harzianum is to the growth inhibition test of Phytophthora capsici
Test method: be inoculated into separately respectively Trichoderma harzianum and Phytophthora capsici on the PDA flat board, 30 ℃ of constant temperature culture are after 3 days, obtain the fresh mycelia piece (5 millimeters of diameters) of each bacterial strain, again Trichoderma harzianum and Phytophthora capsici mycelia piece are inoculated into (each plating 1 Trichoderma harzianum mycelia piece and 1 Phytophthora capsici mycelia piece) in the same PDA flat board, at a distance of 5 centimetres, place 30 ℃ of insulating boxs to cultivate and observe between two mycelia pieces.
Result of the test is seen Fig. 1, as seen from the figure, described Trichoderma harzianum has apparent in view growth inhibition effect to the Phytophthora capsici germ, described Trichoderma harzianum mainly is by the hyperparasitism inhibition or kills pathogen, namely reaches the effect that suppresses the target pathogens growth by the plurality of enzymes of secreting multiple composite antibiosis material or the pathogen cell wall of degrading.
Phytophthora blight of pepper used in the test can obtain from Chinese Academy of Sciences microorganism fungus kind preservation center.
Embodiment 4
Waterlogging is processed the effect of subduing to Phytophthora capsici quantity
Test method:
Two kinds of capsicum plastic shed soils, gather respectively to thank from Yan He town, Huai’an, Jiangsu Province and grind village's (represent with X, be called for short X soil) Gao Gou village, He Gaogou town (represent with G, abbreviation G is native) by each 50 kilograms.
To gather capsicum plastic shed soil artificial infection Phytophthora Capsici Zoospores, and make its concentration reach 1000 spores/gram soil, then be divided into two groups, wherein, the experimental group submerging treatment, the control group moisturizing is processed.
The soil of experimental group is placed plastic box, add and place the running water that spends the night, make the water surface be higher than 8 centimetres of soil surfaces, waterflooding was removed upper water after 30 days under the room temperature condition, after soil is made thinner and dried, adopted quantitative-round pcr to measure Phytophthora capsici quantity in the soil.The soil moisturizing of control group is placed water content 18-20%.Result such as Fig. 2.
The Phytophthora capsici assay method: it is the FastDNA SPIN Kit for Soil that MP company produces that soil DNA extracts used kit, extracts soil DNA according to operation instruction.Special primer is CAPFW(5 '-TTTAGTTGGGGGTCTTGTACC-3 ') and CAPRV1(5 '-CCTCCACAACCAGCAACA-3 '), the purpose clip size is about 450bp.The RT-PCR reaction kit adopts the SYBR premix Ex Taq of TaKaRa company.The fluorescent quantitative PCR system is: 2 * SYBR PreMix Ex Taq (TaKaRa), 10 μ L, 50 * ROX Reference Dye II (TaKaRa), 0.4 μ L, each 0.4 μ L of 20 μ mol/L primers, template 2 μ L, ddH2O 6.8 μ L, amplification system are 20 μ L.Response procedures is: 95 ℃, and 30 s, 1 circulation; 95 ℃ of 5s, 60 ℃ of 34s, 40 circulations.The quantitative fluorescent PCR instrument is 7500 types (Applied Biosystems, USA).To contain 10,40,160,640,2560,6 standard soil samples of 10240 Phytophthora capsicis spore/gram dry ground and the soil DNA of Phytophthora capsici concentration sample to be measured carry out the SYBR pcr amplification simultaneously, draw out calibration curve with 7500 software, and calculate the concentration of unknown sample soil Phytophthora capsici.
Two groups testing result such as Fig. 2.
As seen from Figure 2, the interior Phytophthora capsici quantity of front 8 d all drops sharply to 40～120 spores/gram dry ground from 1000 spores/gram dry ground in two kinds of soil, mid-term and the later stage of processing, moisturizing group Phytophthora capsici quantity is substantially constant, and waterflooding group Phytophthora capsici quantity continues to descend, and the fall off rate of submerging treatment Phytophthora capsici spore concentration is processed fast than moisturizing.When processing finished, the quantity of Phytophthora capsici was respectively 19 Phytophthora capsicis/gram dry ground and 40 Phytophthora capsicis/gram dry ground in X soil and the contrast of G soil, and the soil Phytophthora capsici quantity of waterflooding group is respectively 3 Phytophthora capsicis/gram dry ground and 8 Phytophthora capsicis/gram dry ground.The rear control group Phytophthora capsici quantity of planting obviously rises, and waterflooding group Phytophthora capsici number change is not obvious, and as seen, the growth and breeding of pathogen still has certain control action after the soil of submerging treatment is planted capsicum.
Test method:
The Phytophthora capsici spore liquid is evenly joined in the test soil, and making soil Phytophthora capsici spore concentration is 200 Phytophthora capsicis spore/gram dry ground.5 processing are established in test: ⑴ CK(is labeled as CK), cause of disease contrast, the moisturizing capsicum of planting after 25 days; ⑵ 13 days groups (being labeled as F) of waterflooding, i.e. the capsicum of planting after waterflooding was dried in 13 days; ⑶ microbial inoculum group (being labeled as T), i.e. soil inoculation pathogen moisturizing adds the Trichoderma harzianum microbial inoculum after 25 days, so that wooden mould concentration is 1 * 10 in the soil
7Wood is mould/the bright soil of gram, and the capsicum of planting again; (4) 13 days+microbial inoculum of waterflooding group (being labeled as F+T), i.e. waterflooding were dried rear adding Trichoderma harzianum microbial inoculum in 13 days, so that wooden mould concentration is 1 * 10 in the soil
7Wood is mould/the bright soil of gram, and the capsicum of planting again.(carry out in the end footpath * bore * height=25cm * 34cm * 30cm), each processes 14kg soil to submerging treatment at Plastic Drum.Plastic Drum is placed in the laboratory, and the control room temperature is about 28 ℃.After waterflooding finishes, soil spread out place dark ventilation to dry to be about about 20% to water content in 5 days.The soil of respectively organizing after the different disposal divides and installs to (length * wide * height=25cm * 12 cm * 12 cm) in 10 rectangular plastic feed basins, the Hot Pepper Seedling of every basin three 4 leaf phases of plantation.
The 20th day and the 45th d statistics capsicum incidence of disease behind the capsicum of planting respectively.
Result of the test is as follows: each organizes the incidence of disease and pot experiment picture as shown in Figure 3, Figure 4.After planting 20 days, the incidence of disease of CK, F, T, F+T is respectively 46.7%, 26.7%, 6.7%, 0.Subsequently, CK, F and the T incidence of disease increase gradually.After planting 45 days, the CK incidence of disease is the highest, is 100%, and 13 days+microbial inoculum of waterflooding (F+T) group is minimum, is 0.The incidence of disease of waterflooding 13 days (F) group, microbial inoculum (T) group is respectively 43.33%, 26.67%.This shows, the conventional submerging treatment of soil and trichoderma add to process has certain preventive effect to capsicum epidemic disease, but the generation that waterflooding+microbial inoculum then can 100% prevention and control capsicum epidemic disease.
Claims (4)
1. method that strengthens waterlogging effect prevention and control capsicum epidemic disease, it is characterized in that: at soil temperature during greater than 15 ℃, the residual body that first preceding crop in the field is produced is removed clean, rotary tillage 20-25 centimetre again, play rib with around the field with fortifield village, with irrigation water field was carried out submerging treatment 12-15 days, to keep at least the depth of water be 5 centimetres on field soil layer surface during the waterflooding; Waterflooding finishes, and applies base fertilizer after soil natural dries, and evenly is spilled into the Trichoderma harzianum solid fungicide, with the capsicum of planting behind the soil rotary tillage again;
The Trichoderma harzianum solid fungicide be by preserving number be CGMCC No. 7640 Trichoderma harzianum (
Trichoderma harzianum) the bacterial strain preparation, the bacteria containing amount in the Trichoderma harzianum solid fungicide is 10
10-11Cfu/g;
Trichoderma harzianum solid fungicide consumption is 30-40 kg/acre.
2. a kind of method that strengthens waterlogging effect prevention and control capsicum epidemic disease according to claim 1 is characterized in that: the height that plays rib with fortifield village around field is 15-25 centimetre.
3. a kind of method that strengthens waterlogging effect prevention and control capsicum epidemic disease according to claim 1, it is characterized in that: described Trichoderma harzianum solid fungicide is to obtain like this: described trichoderma harzianum strain is inoculated among the test tube slant medium PDA, cultivated 3-5 days for 28 ± 2 ℃, be transferred in the PDB liquid nutrient medium, liquid amount is 80ml/250ml again; Place shaking table to cultivate 3-4 days triangular flask, the rotating speed 160r/min of shaking table, cultivation temperature is 28 ± 2 ℃; Access in the solid culture medium with 5% inoculum concentration V/W after cultivating end, continue to cultivate 6-8 days at 28 ± 2 ℃, turned once every 2-3 days, to producing spore; Pulverized the 10-20 mesh sieve after last natural air drying or 30 ℃ of oven dry, and obtained the Trichoderma harzianum solid fungicide, the bacteria containing amount in the solid fungicide is 10
10-11Cfu/g;
Described test tube slant medium PDA obtains like this: take by weighing potato 100 grams, peeling, be cut into piece and boil half an hour, then use two-layer filtered through gauze, add again glucose 10 grams, agar 10 grams, supply water to 500 milliliter after dissolving, minute install in 25 milliliters the test tube 5 milliliters of medium of each test tube, be put into the inclined-plane behind 121 ℃ of sterilization 15min for subsequent use, bevel altitude is no more than 1/3rd of test tube length;
Described liquid nutrient medium PDB obtains like this: take by weighing potato 100 grams, peeling, be cut into piece and boil half an hour, then use two-layer filtered through gauze, add again glucose 10 gram, supply water to 500 milliliter after dissolving, minute install in the triangular flask, bottled 80 milliliters of each 250 milliliters of triangle, cooling is for subsequent use behind 121 ℃ of sterilization 15min;
Described solid culture medium is to obtain like this: rice straw powder is broken into is not more than 5 mm lengths first, then with wheat bran with pulverize after straw evenly mix according to the mass ratio of 7:3, adding deionized water, to make moisture in the mixture be that cooling is for subsequent use behind 65%, 121 ℃ of sterilization 40min again.
4. a kind of method that strengthens waterlogging effect prevention and control capsicum epidemic disease according to claim 3, it is characterized in that: described trichoderma harzianum strain is inoculated among the test tube slant medium PDA refers to: the inoculated by hypha block about diameter 5mm of bacterial classification picking of test tube slant preservation is activated in test tube slant medium PDA, in 28 ± 2 ℃ environment, cultivate after 3-5 days for subsequent use; Or ampoul tube lyophil preservation bacterial classification cleaned ampoule with 70% cotton ball soaked in alcohol in superclean bench, then in ampoule, frustrate ditch one with emery wheel, wrap ampoule with sterile gauze pad or sterile towel, then break ampoul tube into two with one's hands to wherein adding 0.5-1.0ml liquid nutrient medium PDB with hand, slowly rotate ampoule, make the freeze-drying lactobacillus rehydration, and then this is transferred among the test tube slant medium PDA activates, in 28 ± 2 ℃ environment, cultivate after 3-5 days for subsequent use.
Priority Applications (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN201310239908.3A CN103299811B (en) | 2013-06-18 | 2013-06-18 | Method for enhancing soil waterflooding effect to control pepper phytophthora blight |
Applications Claiming Priority (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN201310239908.3A CN103299811B (en) | 2013-06-18 | 2013-06-18 | Method for enhancing soil waterflooding effect to control pepper phytophthora blight |
Publications (2)
| Publication Number | Publication Date |
|---|---|
| CN103299811A true CN103299811A (en) | 2013-09-18 |
| CN103299811B CN103299811B (en) | 2014-07-23 |
Family
ID=49125879
Family Applications (1)
| Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN201310239908.3A Active CN103299811B (en) | 2013-06-18 | 2013-06-18 | Method for enhancing soil waterflooding effect to control pepper phytophthora blight |
Country Status (1)
| Country | Link |
|---|---|
| CN (1) | CN103299811B (en) |
Cited By (3)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN107616065A (en) * | 2017-11-06 | 2018-01-23 | 王友福 | It is a kind of to control the distribution of root system deep layer to prevent dead disease increase yield and improve the matrix soil binary cultural method of water and fertilizer utilization |
| CN113545191A (en) * | 2021-07-29 | 2021-10-26 | 南京师范大学 | Method for enhancing colonization efficiency and activity of biocontrol bacteria |
| CN115191281A (en) * | 2022-07-08 | 2022-10-18 | 新疆德豪润达农业科技有限公司 | Method for improving control effect of vegetable diseases, insect pests and weeds |
Citations (6)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| RU2132123C1 (en) * | 1998-02-10 | 1999-06-27 | Кубанский государственный аграрный университет | Legumes cultivation method |
| JP2008029216A (en) * | 2006-07-26 | 2008-02-14 | Katsuyuki Hasegawa | Artificial culture soil |
| CN101485336A (en) * | 2009-03-04 | 2009-07-22 | 四川省农业科学院经济作物育种栽培研究所 | Trichoderma sp. preparation for preventing and treating soil-borne disease of crop |
| CN101928673A (en) * | 2010-07-14 | 2010-12-29 | 洪亚辉 | Trichoderma harzianum |
| CN102718577A (en) * | 2012-06-15 | 2012-10-10 | 山东光大肥业科技有限公司 | Special organic culturing substrate capable of preventing and treating diseases for peppers and preparation method of special organic culturing substrate |
| CN102719364A (en) * | 2012-06-18 | 2012-10-10 | 中国农业大学 | Trichoderma harzianum strain and application in prevention and control of phytophthora capsici Leonian thereof |
-
2013
- 2013-06-18 CN CN201310239908.3A patent/CN103299811B/en active Active
Patent Citations (6)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| RU2132123C1 (en) * | 1998-02-10 | 1999-06-27 | Кубанский государственный аграрный университет | Legumes cultivation method |
| JP2008029216A (en) * | 2006-07-26 | 2008-02-14 | Katsuyuki Hasegawa | Artificial culture soil |
| CN101485336A (en) * | 2009-03-04 | 2009-07-22 | 四川省农业科学院经济作物育种栽培研究所 | Trichoderma sp. preparation for preventing and treating soil-borne disease of crop |
| CN101928673A (en) * | 2010-07-14 | 2010-12-29 | 洪亚辉 | Trichoderma harzianum |
| CN102718577A (en) * | 2012-06-15 | 2012-10-10 | 山东光大肥业科技有限公司 | Special organic culturing substrate capable of preventing and treating diseases for peppers and preparation method of special organic culturing substrate |
| CN102719364A (en) * | 2012-06-18 | 2012-10-10 | 中国农业大学 | Trichoderma harzianum strain and application in prevention and control of phytophthora capsici Leonian thereof |
Non-Patent Citations (7)
| Title |
|---|
| 刘任等: "哈茨木霉T2菌株对辣椒土传真菌病害的控制作用", 《仲恺农业技术学院学报》 * |
| 刘畅: "辣椒疫病生物防治的研究进展", 《安徽农学通报》 * |
| 朱双杰等: "哈茨木霉TH-1处理土壤对辣椒生长的影响", 《安徽农业大学学报》 * |
| 李建华: "辣椒疫病的发生与防治", 《现代农业科技》 * |
| 燕嗣皇等: "木霉防治辣椒枯萎病应用技术研究", 《贵州农业科学》 * |
| 王光飞等: "淹水改良土壤性状及对辣椒疫病的防效研究", 《水土保持学报》 * |
| 胡琼等: "木霉菌ＴＣ对辣椒疫病的防治效果", 《北方园艺》 * |
Cited By (4)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN107616065A (en) * | 2017-11-06 | 2018-01-23 | 王友福 | It is a kind of to control the distribution of root system deep layer to prevent dead disease increase yield and improve the matrix soil binary cultural method of water and fertilizer utilization |
| CN107616065B (en) * | 2017-11-06 | 2020-03-31 | 王友福 | Matrix soil binary cultivation method |
| CN113545191A (en) * | 2021-07-29 | 2021-10-26 | 南京师范大学 | Method for enhancing colonization efficiency and activity of biocontrol bacteria |
| CN115191281A (en) * | 2022-07-08 | 2022-10-18 | 新疆德豪润达农业科技有限公司 | Method for improving control effect of vegetable diseases, insect pests and weeds |
Also Published As
| Publication number | Publication date |
|---|---|
| CN103299811B (en) | 2014-07-23 |
Similar Documents
| Publication | Publication Date | Title |
|---|---|---|
| CN107254427B (en) | Bacillus belgii strain JN5 and application thereof | |
| CN102086444B (en) | Paenibacillus elgii strain and application thereof | |
| CN101473853B (en) | Application of Bacillus cereus Bacillus cereusCMCC63305 in agriculture field | |
| CN106119155B (en) | For preventing and treating the bacterial strain WXX-2 and microbial inoculum of peanut root rot | |
| CN104164394A (en) | Antagonistic phytopathogen strain and application thereof | |
| CN105432381B (en) | A kind of preventing control method of capsicum epidemic disease | |
| CN106857674B (en) | The application of Methylotrophic bacillus BH21 and its microbial manure and preparation method | |
| CN106497831A (en) | A kind of preventing and treating Phytophthora nicotianae disease composite bacteria agent capable and its preparation method and application | |
| CN106172507A (en) | Bacillus subtilis HMB19198 is in the application prevented and treated in powdery mildew of cucumber | |
| CN105112339B (en) | A kind of bacterium bacterial strain and its cultural method and application | |
| CN105462881A (en) | Paenibacillus polymyxa for preventing and treating vertieillium wilt in crops and application of paenibacillus polymyxa | |
| CN108192838A (en) | A kind of bacillus amyloliquefaciens with degradation Phos and diseases prevention double action | |
| CN102925387B (en) | Bacillus simplex for inducing soybean to generate soybean cyst nematode resistance and application | |
| CN109320355A (en) | A kind of saliferous bioactivity conditioner of improvement soil in protected field and its application | |
| CN106119154A (en) | A kind of bacterial strain preventing and treating Peanut continuous cropping silborne fungal diseases and application | |
| CN103981249B (en) | A kind of take capsicum epidemic disease as the biocontrol strain high-efficiency screening method of target | |
| CN107937310A (en) | Plant growth-promoting rhizobacteria and its application | |
| CN104982198A (en) | Method for efficiently preventing and controlling watermelon wilt and special microorganism strain thereof | |
| CN103255064B (en) | Fungal agent for prevention and control of watermelon fusarium wilt and preparation method thereof | |
| CN103141518A (en) | Preparation method and application of multi-effect compound anti-biological inoculants | |
| CN102604842A (en) | Trichoderma atroviride strain for producing myrosase and application thereof | |
| CN103299811B (en) | Method for enhancing soil waterflooding effect to control pepper phytophthora blight | |
| CN104498363A (en) | Growth promoting endophytic beauveria bassiana strain and application thereof | |
| CN106754529A (en) | The bacillus amyloliquefaciens of one plant of antagonism matrimony vine root rot and its application | |
| CN102978128B (en) | Antagonistic bacterium cooperating with AMF for disease resisting and growth promoting and application thereof |
Legal Events
| Date | Code | Title | Description |
|---|---|---|---|
| C06 | Publication | ||
| PB01 | Publication | ||
| C10 | Entry into substantive examination | ||
| SE01 | Entry into force of request for substantive examination | ||
| C14 | Grant of patent or utility model | ||
| GR01 | Patent grant |