CN103297047A - Atomic frequency standard and servo locking method - Google Patents
Atomic frequency standard and servo locking method Download PDFInfo
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- CN103297047A CN103297047A CN2013102074594A CN201310207459A CN103297047A CN 103297047 A CN103297047 A CN 103297047A CN 2013102074594 A CN2013102074594 A CN 2013102074594A CN 201310207459 A CN201310207459 A CN 201310207459A CN 103297047 A CN103297047 A CN 103297047A
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Abstract
The invention discloses an atomic frequency standard and a servo locking method and belongs to the technical field of atomic frequency standards. The atomic frequency standard comprises a voltage controlled crystal oscillator, a comprehensive module, an amplitude stabilizing module, a radio frequency doubling module, a microwave mixed frequency doubling module, a physical unit and a servo module. The comprehensive module is used for generating comprehensive modulation signals. The amplitude stabilizing module is used for converting the amplitude of the comprehensive modulation signals to a preset value to obtain the amplitude-stabilized comprehensive modulation signals. The radio frequency doubling module is used for doubling frequency of output signals of the voltage controlled crystal oscillator to obtain frequency doubled signals. The microwave frequency doubling module is used for mixing and doubling the amplitude-stabilized comprehensive modulation signals and the frequency doubled signals to generate microwave search signals. The physical unit is used for subjecting the microwave search signals to quantum frequency discrimination to generate quantum frequency discrimination signals. The servo module is used for subjecting the quantum frequency discrimination signals to synchronous phase discrimination and generating rectifying voltage to act on the voltage controlled crystal oscillator. By converting the amplitude of the comprehensive modulation signals to the preset value to obtain the comprehensive modulation signals with stable amplitude, output frequency accuracy of the integral atomic frequency standard is improved.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to the atomic frequency standard technical field, particularly a kind of atomic frequency standard and servo lock method.
Background technology
For obtaining more stable temporal frequency in the Nature, people are by applying low-intensity magnetic field to atoms such as rubidium, caesium, hydrogen, make its atomic energy level change excitation state into by ground state, utilize the ground state hyperfine structure 0-0 transition centre frequency that is not subjected to the external magnetic field interference as the reference time frequency values.
The atomic frequency standard of utilizing above-mentioned principle to make mainly comprises with the lower part: VCXO, isolated amplifier, radio frequency times frequency module, microwave times frequency mixing module, physical location, servo module and comprehensive module; Isolated amplifier is isolated the output signal of VCXO and is amplified, the output signal of isolated amplifier exports microwave times frequency mixing module to through a radio frequency times frequency module, comprehensive module is for generation of one tunnel comprehensive modulation signal, microwave times frequency mixing module is carried out frequency multiplication and mixing to output signal and the comprehensive modulation signal of radio frequency frequency multiplication module, to produce the microwave interrogation signals; Physical location carries out frequency discrimination to the microwave interrogation signals, produces quantum frequency discrimination signal; Servo module carries out carrying out synchronous phase demodulation with reference signal after frequency-selecting is amplified to quantum frequency discrimination signal, produces correction voltage and acts on VCXO, to adjust the output frequency of VCXO; By the said structure unit, the output frequency of VCXO is locked on the hyperfine 0-0 transition of the atomic ground state centre frequency the most at last.Wherein, adopted the variable capacitance diode modulation circuit in the above-mentioned comprehensive module.
In realizing process of the present invention, the inventor finds that there is following problem at least in prior art:
Because the variable capacitance diode modulation circuit is temperature sensing element, when variation of ambient temperature, will cause the amplitude of the comprehensive modulation signal of output to change inevitably, cause the amplitude shakiness, and the microwave that the comprehensive modulation signal of amplitude shakiness produces is sought signal, the frequency discrimination voltage that will cause rectifying a deviation is inaccurate in physical location, and then draws the output frequency of inclined to one side atomic frequency standard complete machine.
Summary of the invention
In order to solve in the prior art comprehensive modulation signal amplitude shakiness, and then the problem of drawing the output frequency of inclined to one side atomic frequency standard complete machine, the embodiment of the invention provides a kind of atomic frequency standard and servo lock method.Described technical scheme is as follows:
On the one hand, the embodiment of the invention provides a kind of atomic frequency standard, and described atomic frequency standard comprises:
VCXO;
Comprehensive module is for generation of comprehensive modulation signal;
The fixed ampllitude module, the amplitude that is used for described comprehensive modulation signal that will described comprehensive module generation is transformed into predetermined value, obtains the comprehensive modulation signal of fixed ampllitude;
Radio frequency times frequency module is used for the output signal of described VCXO is carried out frequency multiplication, obtains frequency-doubled signal;
Microwave times frequency mixing module is used for the comprehensive modulation signal of described fixed ampllitude of described fixed ampllitude module generation and the described frequency-doubled signal times mixing of described radio frequency times frequency module generation are produced microwave and seek signal;
Physical location is used for that the described microwave that described microwave times frequency mixing module produces is sought signal and carries out the quantum frequency discrimination, produces quantum frequency discrimination signal;
Servo module is used for the described quantum frequency discrimination signal that described physical location produces is carried out synchronous phase demodulation, produces correction voltage and acts on described VCXO.
In a kind of implementation of the embodiment of the invention, described fixed ampllitude module comprises:
First processing unit, the magnitude of voltage that is used for the described comprehensive modulation signal of sampling, and calculate actual magnitude according to the magnitude of voltage that samples, according to predetermined value and described actual magnitude calculating multiplication factor, described actual magnitude refers to the magnitude of voltage of the sampling difference between peak value and the valley in one-period;
Compensating unit, the described multiplication factor that be used for to adopt described first processing unit to calculate is amplified the voltage of described comprehensive modulation signal, obtains the comprehensive modulation signal of described fixed ampllitude;
Described compensating unit is electrically connected with described comprehensive module, described first processing unit and a described microwave times frequency mixing module respectively, and described first processing unit is electrically connected with described comprehensive module.
In the another kind of implementation of the embodiment of the invention, described compensating unit comprises: first operational amplifier, first resistance, second resistance and digital potentiometer, the inverting input of described first operational amplifier is by described first grounding through resistance, the in-phase input end of described first operational amplifier is electrically connected with the output of described comprehensive module by described second resistance, described digital potentiometer is connected between the inverting input and output of described first operational amplifier, the output of described first operational amplifier is electrically connected with a described microwave times frequency mixing module, and described digital potentiometer is electrically connected with described first processing unit.
In the another kind of implementation of the embodiment of the invention, described comprehensive module comprises: Direct Digital Synthesizer, the master clock pin of described Direct Digital Synthesizer connects described VCXO, and the control bit pin of described Direct Digital Synthesizer connects described servo module.
In the another kind of implementation of the embodiment of the invention, described servo module comprises:
The unit is put in choosing, is used for that described quantum frequency discrimination signal is carried out frequency-selecting and amplifies;
Second processing unit is used for described quantum frequency discrimination signal and reference signal after the frequency-selecting amplification are carried out synchronous phase demodulation, produces voltage difference, according to described voltage difference and frequency stability range computation programme-controlled gain value;
The programme-controlled gain unit is used for adopting described programme-controlled gain value that the described voltage difference that described second processing unit produces is carried out program control amplification, obtains described correction voltage;
Digital to analog converter is used for described correction voltage is acted on described VCXO.
In the another kind of implementation of the embodiment of the invention, described second processing unit calculates described programme-controlled gain value according to following formula:
A≤（2+b）V1/[（2-b）U]，
Wherein, A is the programme-controlled gain value, and b is frequency stability, and described frequency stability scope is smaller or equal to b, and V1 is the correction voltage of last output, and U is described voltage difference.
On the other hand, the embodiment of the invention also provides a kind of servo lock method of atomic frequency standard, and described method comprises:
Produce comprehensive modulation signal;
The amplitude of described comprehensive modulation signal is transformed into predetermined value, obtains the comprehensive modulation signal of fixed ampllitude;
Output signal to described VCXO is carried out frequency multiplication, obtains frequency-doubled signal;
With the comprehensive modulation signal of described fixed ampllitude and times mixing of described frequency-doubled signal, produce microwave and seek signal;
Described microwave is sought signal carry out the quantum frequency discrimination, produce quantum frequency discrimination signal;
Described quantum frequency discrimination signal is carried out synchronous phase demodulation, produce correction voltage and act on described VCXO.
In a kind of implementation of the embodiment of the invention, described amplitude with comprehensive modulation signal is transformed into predetermined value, obtains the comprehensive modulation signal of fixed ampllitude and comprises:
The sample magnitude of voltage of described comprehensive modulation signal, and according to the magnitude of voltage calculating actual magnitude that samples, calculate multiplication factor according to described predetermined value and described actual magnitude, described actual magnitude refers to the magnitude of voltage of the sampling difference between peak value and the valley in one-period;
Adopt described multiplication factor that the voltage of described comprehensive modulation signal is amplified, obtain the comprehensive modulation signal of described fixed ampllitude.
In the another kind of implementation of the embodiment of the invention, described quantum frequency discrimination signal is carried out synchronous phase demodulation, produce correction voltage and act on VCXO, comprising:
Described quantum frequency discrimination signal is carried out synchronous phase demodulation, produce voltage difference;
According to described voltage difference and frequency stability range computation programme-controlled gain value;
Adopt described programme-controlled gain value that described voltage difference is carried out program control amplification, obtain described correction voltage and export described VCXO to.
In the another kind of implementation of the embodiment of the invention, calculate described programme-controlled gain value according to following formula:
A≤（2+b）V1/[（2-b）U]，
Wherein, A is the programme-controlled gain value, and b is frequency stability, and described frequency stability scope is smaller or equal to b, and V1 is the correction voltage of last output, and U is described voltage difference.
The beneficial effect that the technical scheme that the embodiment of the invention provides is brought is:
Be transformed into predetermined value by the amplitude with comprehensive modulation signal, obtain the comprehensive modulation signal of amplitude stability, the output frequency of the atomic frequency standard complete machine that the puppet correction voltage of having avoided bringing because of the amplitude shakiness causes is drawn inclined to one side problem, has improved the output frequency precision of atomic frequency standard complete machine.
Description of drawings
In order to be illustrated more clearly in the technical scheme in the embodiment of the invention, the accompanying drawing of required use is done to introduce simply in will describing embodiment below, apparently, accompanying drawing in describing below only is some embodiments of the present invention, for those of ordinary skills, under the prerequisite of not paying creative work, can also obtain other accompanying drawing according to these accompanying drawings.
Fig. 1 is the structural representation of the atomic frequency standard that provides of the embodiment of the invention one;
Fig. 2 is the flow chart of the servo lock method of the atomic frequency standard that provides of the embodiment of the invention two.
Embodiment
For making the purpose, technical solutions and advantages of the present invention clearer, embodiment of the present invention is described further in detail below in conjunction with accompanying drawing.
Embodiment one
The embodiment of the invention provides a kind of atomic frequency standard, and referring to Fig. 1, this atomic frequency standard comprises:
VCXO 101;
Fixed ampllitude module 105, the amplitude that is used for comprehensive modulation signal that comprehensive module 104 is produced is transformed into predetermined value, obtains the comprehensive modulation signal of fixed ampllitude;
Radio frequency times frequency module 103 is used for the output signal of VCXO 101 is carried out frequency multiplication, obtains frequency-doubled signal;
Microwave times frequency mixing module 106 is used for the comprehensive modulation signal of fixed ampllitude of fixed ampllitude module 105 generations and the frequency-doubled signal times mixing of radio frequency times frequency module 103 generations are produced microwave and seek signal;
Preferably, fixed ampllitude module 105 comprises:
First processing unit, the magnitude of voltage that is used for the comprehensive modulation signal of sampling, and calculate actual magnitude according to the magnitude of voltage that samples, according to predetermined value and actual magnitude calculating multiplication factor, actual magnitude refers to the magnitude of voltage of the sampling difference between peak value and the valley in one-period;
Compensating unit amplifies for the voltage of the multiplication factor that adopts first processing unit to calculate to comprehensive modulation signal, obtains the comprehensive modulation signal of fixed ampllitude;
Wherein, compensating unit is electrically connected with comprehensive module 104, first processing unit and microwave times frequency mixing module 106 respectively, and first processing unit is electrically connected with comprehensive module 104.This first processing unit comprises processor and first analog to digital converter.
What deserves to be explained is that predetermined value can arrange according to following method: the amplitude that to sample comprehensive modulation signal medium frequency be F0 and F1 is respectively Va and Vb, and predetermined value is (Va+Vb)/N so, and the N here is greater than 1, as N=5.
Further, compensating unit comprises: first operational amplifier, first resistance, second resistance and digital potentiometer, the inverting input of first operational amplifier is by first grounding through resistance, the in-phase input end of first operational amplifier is electrically connected by the output of second resistance with comprehensive module, digital potentiometer is connected between the inverting input and output of first operational amplifier, the output of first operational amplifier is electrically connected with a microwave times frequency mixing module, and digital potentiometer is electrically connected with first processing unit.First processing unit is realized the amplification of the above-mentioned multiplication factor that calculates by the control figure potentiometer.
Preferably, comprehensive module 104 comprises DDS(Direct Digital Synthesizer, Direct Digital Synthesizer).DDS can adopt AD9832 chip and peripheral circuit to form.The master clock pin of DDS connects VCXO 101, and the control bit pin of DDS connects servo module 108.In another kind of implementation, comprehensive module 104 can adopt the di-cap circuit to realize.
Particularly, the MCLK(master clock of AD9832 chip) pin connects external clock reference (as VCXO), OUT(output) stability of the frequency signal of pin output is consistent with external clock reference.The FSELECT(control bit) pin is keying FM signal input, 79Hz keying FM signal (being produced by servo module 108) input just, there are two FREQUENCY CONTROL registers AD9832 inside, by the programming mode with the frequency value F 0 that pre-sets, F1 is kept in the register, when the FSELECT pin has the square-wave signal input (electrical level rising edge or trailing edge conversion), the IOUT pin of AD9832 will be read the value of F1 or F0 respectively as output thereupon from the FREQUENCY CONTROL register, and phase place no change that can inhibit signal, as the IOUT pin can be when the high level of modulated square wave 79Hz signal output F1, at low level output F0.DDS also comprises the PSEL0(phase control position of the phase place of regulating two paths of signals frequency F1, F0), PSEL1, and in order to keep F1, the F0 phase place when switching continuous, so directly with PSEL0, PSEL1 ground connection.
Before DDS input, will expression F1 and the DATA(data of the value of F0) write 2 FREQUENCY CONTROL registers (frequency values that is used for storage F0, F1) of AD9832 inside at twice, and only DATA write finish after, DDS could export.
Clock frequency with 32 bit frequency control registers, the input of MCLK pin is that 20MHz is example, and the frequency resolution of the minimum of AD9832 is:
Therefore, the value of F0 is (F0/20MHz) * 2 among the DATA
32, resulting decimal value is converted into binary system, obtain the value of the corresponding 32 bit frequency control registers of F0; The value of F1 is (F1/20MHz) * 2 among the DATA
32, resulting decimal value is converted into binary system, obtain the value of the corresponding 32 bit frequency control registers of F1.
In concrete practical application, to the signal of DDS output, need through just being incorporated in other circuit link after the processing such as filtering, shaping, amplification.For obtaining purer signal spectra, after the output of IOUT pin, connect a band pass filter or low pass filter usually.
Preferably, servo module 108 comprises:
Programme-controlled gain unit 1083 is used for adopting the programme-controlled gain value that the voltage difference that second processing unit 1082 produces is carried out program control amplification, obtains the voltage of rectifying a deviation;
Digital to analog converter 1084, the voltage that is used for rectifying a deviation acts on VCXO.
Wherein, second processing unit 1082 can comprise second analog to digital converter and processor.
Particularly, in order to realize synchronous phase demodulation, second processing unit 1082 need produce the clear and definite adjustable keying FM signal of phase relation and reference signal each other in the servo module 108, and the frequency of keying FM signal and reference signal is preferably 79Hz.The generation of these signals is interrupted by corresponding clock by processor or the hardware divider technology realizes.Keying FM signal and reference signal can be that duty ratio is the square-wave signal of 1:1, thereby the DDS that the keying FM signal is given in the comprehensive module 104 produces comprehensive modulation signal, and namely processor is connected with the FSELECT pin of DDS.
What deserves to be explained is, the processor in second processing unit 1082 can with first processing unit in processor of processor adopting realize.
Preferably, programme-controlled gain unit 1083 can comprise second operational amplifier.
What deserves to be explained is, quantum frequency discrimination signal from physical location 107 obtains a similar square wave after frequency-selecting is amplified, processor is the above-mentioned quantum frequency discrimination signal after treatment of ordered pair during according to synchronized sampling, and synchronous reference signal is sampled, obtain corresponding magnitude of voltage U1, U2 respectively, obtain voltage difference U=U2-U1.
The programme-controlled gain unit calculates correction voltage V according to voltage difference U and programme-controlled gain value A, that is:
The V=A*U formula 1.
Wherein, the size of A is determined by the frequency stability scope, even after the correction voltage that A*U produces was applied to VCXO, the VCXO output signal frequency changed in atomic frequency standard stability requirement scope.
Wherein, the voltage-controlled slope k of VCXO has defined the relation of rectifying a deviation between voltage V and the output frequency f in the atomic frequency standard:
The f=kV formula 2.
If double correction voltage (V1, V2) act on VCXO obtain output signal frequency (f1 f2), 2. can get according to formula: f1=kV1, f2=kV2, the effect of twice correction voltage makes the frequency change a of VCXO output be:
A=(f2-f1)/[(f2+f1)/2] formula is 3.
Because two secondary actions make the frequency change a of VCXO output will satisfy the frequency stability scope: smaller or equal to frequency stability b, that is:
A≤the b formula 4.
Wherein, b is the atomic frequency standard frequency stability.
With formula 3. substitution 4. can obtain,
(f2-f1)/[(f2+f1)/2]≤the b formula is 5.
Wherein, f1=kV1, f2=kV2,
So 5. above-mentioned formula can be converted into:
（kV2–kV1）/[(kV2+kV1)/2]≤b，
k（V2–V1）/[k(V2+V1)/2]≤b，
（V2–V1）/[(V2+V1)/2]≤b，
V2–V1≤b(V2+V1)/2，
V2–V1≤（b?V2）/2+（b?V1）/2，
（1-b/2）V2≤（1+b/2）V1，
The V1/(1-b/2 of V2≤(1+b/2)) formula 6.
V2 is the current correction voltage that calculates according to voltage difference U and programme-controlled gain value A, therefore 1. formula can be written as: V2=A*U, and 6. the substitution formula can obtain,
A?U≤（2+b）V1/（2-b），
A≤（2+b）V1/[（2-b）U]。
To sum up, the V1/[(2-b of A≤(2+b)) U], wherein, U is current voltage difference, V1 is the correction voltage of output last time.
Therefore, programme-controlled gain unit 1083 can be according to the V1/[(2-b of A≤(2+b)) U] calculate the value of A.
In one implementation, requiring to satisfy frequency stability when locking is 5E-12, satisfies frequency stability 5E-10 when non-locking, thus the scope of A can calculate locking the time and when non-locking, and the value of A can be according to locking and non-locking the selection.Locking for atomic frequency standard is judged as existing mature technology, repeats no more here.
In another kind of mode, only a frequency stability that satisfies as required is 5E-12, calculates the scope of A, gets wherein maximum as the value of A.
Below simple declaration is carried out in the effect of programme-controlled gain unit: when the microwave interrogation signals (non-locking during away from the hyperfine 0-0 transition of the atomic ground state in physical location centre frequency, no matter be less than normal or bigger than normal), theoretically, we wish that VCXO changes significantly, thereby make the microwave interrogation signals faster near the hyperfine 0-0 transition of the atomic ground state in physical location centre frequency.The absolute difference of U=U2-U1 will be very big this moment, and the correction voltage A*U that the programme-controlled gain unit obtains is also very big, make its output signal frequency take place significantly to change after the digital-to-analogue conversion output voltage is applied to VCXO.When (the locking during near the hyperfine 0-0 transition of the atomic ground state in physical location centre frequency of microwave interrogation signals, no matter be less than normal or bigger than normal), if at this moment with the correction that significantly gains VCXO being produced significantly again changes, to be unfavorable for locking the hyperfine 0-0 transition of atomic ground state centre frequency, this moment, we wished that VCXO slightly changes correction, thereby made the microwave interrogation signals more accurate near the hyperfine 0-0 transition of the atomic ground state in physical location centre frequency.Because this moment, the absolute value of U was very little, the correction voltage A*U that the programme-controlled gain unit obtains is also very little, so make its output signal frequency take place slightly to change after the digital-to-analogue conversion output voltage is applied to VCXO.
Alternatively, this atomic frequency standard also comprises: isolated amplifier 102, this isolated amplifier 102 are connected between VCXO 101 and the radio frequency times frequency module 103.
The embodiment of the invention is transformed into predetermined value by the amplitude with comprehensive modulation signal, obtain the comprehensive modulation signal of amplitude stability, the output frequency of the atomic frequency standard complete machine that the puppet correction voltage of having avoided bringing because of the amplitude shakiness causes is drawn inclined to one side problem, has improved the output frequency precision of atomic frequency standard complete machine.
Embodiment two
The embodiment of the invention provides a kind of servo lock method of atomic frequency standard, and referring to Fig. 2, this method comprises:
Step 201: produce comprehensive modulation signal.
Step 202: the fixed ampllitude module is transformed into predetermined value with the amplitude of comprehensive modulation signal, obtains the comprehensive modulation signal of fixed ampllitude.
Preferably, step 202 can comprise:
The magnitude of voltage of step 1, the comprehensive modulation signal of sampling, and calculate actual magnitude according to the magnitude of voltage that samples, according to predetermined value and actual magnitude calculating multiplication factor, actual magnitude refers to the magnitude of voltage of the sampling difference between peak value and the valley in one-period.
What deserves to be explained is that the predetermined value here can arrange according to following method: suppose to sample comprehensive modulation signal medium frequency the amplitude that is F0 and F1 and be respectively Va and Vb, predetermined value can be V=(Va+Vb so)/N, the N here is greater than 1, as N=5.
Step 2, employing multiplication factor are amplified the voltage of comprehensive modulation signal, obtain the comprehensive modulation signal of fixed ampllitude.
Step 203: radio frequency times frequency module carries out frequency multiplication to the output signal of VCXO, obtains frequency-doubled signal.
Do not have sequencing between step 203 and the above-mentioned steps 201,202, can carry out simultaneously.
Step 204: microwave times frequency mixing module produces the comprehensive modulation signal of fixed ampllitude and frequency-doubled signal times mixing microwave and seeks signal.
Step 205: physical location is sought signal to microwave and is carried out the quantum frequency discrimination, produces quantum frequency discrimination signal.
Step 206: servo module carries out synchronous phase demodulation to quantum frequency discrimination signal, produces correction voltage and acts on VCXO.
Preferably, step 206 can comprise:
Step 1, quantum frequency discrimination signal is carried out synchronous phase demodulation, produce voltage difference;
Step 2, according to voltage difference and frequency stability range computation programme-controlled gain value;
Step 3, employing programme-controlled gain value are carried out program control amplification to voltage difference, and the voltage that obtains rectifying a deviation exports VCXO to.
Particularly, can calculate the programme-controlled gain value according to following formula in the step 2:
The V1/[(2-b of A≤(2+b)) U], A is the programme-controlled gain value, and b is frequency stability, and the frequency stability scope is smaller or equal to b, and V1 is the correction voltage of last output, U is voltage difference.
The embodiment of the invention is transformed into predetermined value by the amplitude with comprehensive modulation signal, obtain the comprehensive modulation signal of amplitude stability, the output frequency of the atomic frequency standard complete machine that the puppet correction voltage of having avoided bringing because of the amplitude shakiness causes is drawn inclined to one side problem, has improved the output frequency precision of atomic frequency standard complete machine.
The invention described above embodiment sequence number does not represent the quality of embodiment just to description.
Need to prove: the atomic frequency standard that above-described embodiment provides is when carrying out work, only the division with above-mentioned each functional module is illustrated, in the practical application, can as required the above-mentioned functions distribution be finished by different functional modules, the internal structure that is about to atomic frequency standard is divided into different functional modules, to finish all or part of function described above.In addition, the atomic frequency standard that above-described embodiment provides and atomic frequency standard servo lock method embodiment belong to same design, and its specific implementation process sees method embodiment for details, repeats no more here.
The all or part of step that one of ordinary skill in the art will appreciate that realization above-described embodiment can be finished by hardware, also can instruct relevant hardware to finish by program, described program can be stored in a kind of computer-readable recording medium, the above-mentioned storage medium of mentioning can be read-only memory, disk or CD etc.
The above only is preferred embodiment of the present invention, and is in order to limit the present invention, within the spirit and principles in the present invention not all, any modification of doing, is equal to replacement, improvement etc., all should be included within protection scope of the present invention.
Claims (10)
1. an atomic frequency standard is characterized in that, described atomic frequency standard comprises:
VCXO;
Comprehensive module is for generation of comprehensive modulation signal;
The fixed ampllitude module, the amplitude that is used for described comprehensive modulation signal that will described comprehensive module generation is transformed into predetermined value, obtains the comprehensive modulation signal of fixed ampllitude;
Radio frequency times frequency module is used for the output signal of described VCXO is carried out frequency multiplication, obtains frequency-doubled signal;
Microwave times frequency mixing module is used for the comprehensive modulation signal of described fixed ampllitude of described fixed ampllitude module generation and the described frequency-doubled signal times mixing of described radio frequency times frequency module generation are produced microwave and seek signal;
Physical location is used for that the described microwave that described microwave times frequency mixing module produces is sought signal and carries out the quantum frequency discrimination, produces quantum frequency discrimination signal;
Servo module is used for the described quantum frequency discrimination signal that described physical location produces is carried out synchronous phase demodulation, produces correction voltage and acts on described VCXO.
2. atomic frequency standard as claimed in claim 1 is characterized in that, described fixed ampllitude module comprises:
First processing unit, the magnitude of voltage that is used for the described comprehensive modulation signal of sampling, and calculate actual magnitude according to the magnitude of voltage that samples, according to predetermined value and described actual magnitude calculating multiplication factor, described actual magnitude refers to the magnitude of voltage of the sampling difference between peak value and the valley in one-period;
Compensating unit, the described multiplication factor that be used for to adopt described first processing unit to calculate is amplified the voltage of described comprehensive modulation signal, obtains the comprehensive modulation signal of described fixed ampllitude;
Described compensating unit is electrically connected with described comprehensive module, described first processing unit and a described microwave times frequency mixing module respectively, and described first processing unit is electrically connected with described comprehensive module.
3. atomic frequency standard as claimed in claim 2, it is characterized in that, described compensating unit comprises: first operational amplifier, first resistance, second resistance and digital potentiometer, the inverting input of described first operational amplifier is by described first grounding through resistance, the in-phase input end of described first operational amplifier is electrically connected with the output of described comprehensive module by described second resistance, described digital potentiometer is connected between the inverting input and output of described first operational amplifier, the output of described first operational amplifier is electrically connected with a described microwave times frequency mixing module, and described digital potentiometer is electrically connected with described first processing unit.
4. atomic frequency standard as claimed in claim 1, it is characterized in that, described comprehensive module comprises: Direct Digital Synthesizer, the master clock pin of described Direct Digital Synthesizer connects described VCXO, and the control bit pin of described Direct Digital Synthesizer connects described servo module.
5. as each described atomic frequency standard of claim 1-4, it is characterized in that described servo module comprises:
The unit is put in choosing, is used for that described quantum frequency discrimination signal is carried out frequency-selecting and amplifies;
Second processing unit is used for described quantum frequency discrimination signal and reference signal after the frequency-selecting amplification are carried out synchronous phase demodulation, produces voltage difference, according to described voltage difference and frequency stability range computation programme-controlled gain value;
The programme-controlled gain unit is used for adopting described programme-controlled gain value that the described voltage difference that described second processing unit produces is carried out program control amplification, obtains described correction voltage;
Digital to analog converter is used for described correction voltage is acted on described VCXO.
6. atomic frequency standard as claimed in claim 5 is characterized in that, described second processing unit calculates described programme-controlled gain value according to following formula:
A≤（2+b）V1/[（2-b）U]，
Wherein, A is the programme-controlled gain value, and b is frequency stability, and described frequency stability scope is smaller or equal to b, and V1 is the correction voltage of last output, and U is described voltage difference.
7. the servo lock method of an atomic frequency standard is characterized in that, described method comprises:
Produce comprehensive modulation signal;
The amplitude of described comprehensive modulation signal is transformed into predetermined value, obtains the comprehensive modulation signal of fixed ampllitude;
Output signal to described VCXO is carried out frequency multiplication, obtains frequency-doubled signal;
With the comprehensive modulation signal of described fixed ampllitude and times mixing of described frequency-doubled signal, produce microwave and seek signal;
Described microwave is sought signal carry out the quantum frequency discrimination, produce quantum frequency discrimination signal;
Described quantum frequency discrimination signal is carried out synchronous phase demodulation, produce correction voltage and act on described VCXO.
8. method as claimed in claim 8 is characterized in that, described amplitude with comprehensive modulation signal is transformed into predetermined value, obtains the comprehensive modulation signal of fixed ampllitude and comprises:
The sample magnitude of voltage of described comprehensive modulation signal, and according to the magnitude of voltage calculating actual magnitude that samples, calculate multiplication factor according to described predetermined value and described actual magnitude, described actual magnitude refers to the magnitude of voltage of the sampling difference between peak value and the valley in one-period;
Adopt described multiplication factor that the voltage of described comprehensive modulation signal is amplified, obtain the comprehensive modulation signal of described fixed ampllitude.
9. as claim 7 or 8 described methods, it is characterized in that, described quantum frequency discrimination signal carried out synchronous phase demodulation, produce correction voltage and act on VCXO, comprising:
Described quantum frequency discrimination signal is carried out synchronous phase demodulation, produce voltage difference;
According to described voltage difference and frequency stability range computation programme-controlled gain value;
Adopt described programme-controlled gain value that described voltage difference is carried out program control amplification, obtain described correction voltage and export described VCXO to.
10. method as claimed in claim 9 is characterized in that, calculates described programme-controlled gain value according to following formula:
A≤（2+b）V1/[（2-b）U]，
Wherein, A is the programme-controlled gain value, and b is frequency stability, and described frequency stability scope is smaller or equal to b, and V1 is the correction voltage of last output, and U is described voltage difference.
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Cited By (11)
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| CN104410415A (en) * | 2014-11-27 | 2015-03-11 | 江汉大学 | Improved passive atomic frequency scale |
| CN105470803A (en) * | 2015-12-22 | 2016-04-06 | 江汉大学 | Laser frequency stabilizing apparatus |
| CN105490163A (en) * | 2015-11-19 | 2016-04-13 | 江汉大学 | Laser with high frequency locking accuracy |
| CN105490156A (en) * | 2015-11-19 | 2016-04-13 | 江汉大学 | Laser |
| CN105811973A (en) * | 2016-03-17 | 2016-07-27 | 江汉大学 | Passive rubidium atom frequency standard |
| CN106788426A (en) * | 2016-11-28 | 2017-05-31 | 中国科学院武汉物理与数学研究所 | A kind of CPT atomic frequency standard laser frequency modulation index locking device and method |
| CN107248696A (en) * | 2017-06-15 | 2017-10-13 | 江汉大学 | A kind of self-compensation type semiconductor laser |
| CN107846220A (en) * | 2017-12-20 | 2018-03-27 | 江汉大学 | A kind of atomic frequency standard |
| CN107979368A (en) * | 2017-12-20 | 2018-05-01 | 江汉大学 | The temperature control system of atomic frequency standard |
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| CN103475368A (en) * | 2013-09-16 | 2013-12-25 | 轻工业钟表研究所 | Frequency expanding device of CPT atomic clock |
| CN104410415A (en) * | 2014-11-27 | 2015-03-11 | 江汉大学 | Improved passive atomic frequency scale |
| CN105490156B (en) * | 2015-11-19 | 2019-06-21 | 江汉大学 | A kind of laser |
| CN105490156A (en) * | 2015-11-19 | 2016-04-13 | 江汉大学 | Laser |
| CN105490163A (en) * | 2015-11-19 | 2016-04-13 | 江汉大学 | Laser with high frequency locking accuracy |
| CN105490163B (en) * | 2015-11-19 | 2018-11-20 | 江汉大学 | A kind of high frequency locking precision laser |
| CN105470803A (en) * | 2015-12-22 | 2016-04-06 | 江汉大学 | Laser frequency stabilizing apparatus |
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| CN105811973A (en) * | 2016-03-17 | 2016-07-27 | 江汉大学 | Passive rubidium atom frequency standard |
| CN106788426A (en) * | 2016-11-28 | 2017-05-31 | 中国科学院武汉物理与数学研究所 | A kind of CPT atomic frequency standard laser frequency modulation index locking device and method |
| CN106788426B (en) * | 2016-11-28 | 2019-10-15 | 中国科学院武汉物理与数学研究所 | A kind of CPT atomic frequency standard laser frequency modulation index locking device and method |
| CN107248696A (en) * | 2017-06-15 | 2017-10-13 | 江汉大学 | A kind of self-compensation type semiconductor laser |
| CN107979368A (en) * | 2017-12-20 | 2018-05-01 | 江汉大学 | The temperature control system of atomic frequency standard |
| CN107846220A (en) * | 2017-12-20 | 2018-03-27 | 江汉大学 | A kind of atomic frequency standard |
| CN107979368B (en) * | 2017-12-20 | 2021-08-31 | 江汉大学 | Temperature control system of atomic frequency standard |
| CN107846220B (en) * | 2017-12-20 | 2021-10-22 | 江汉大学 | Atomic frequency standard |
| RU2792293C1 (en) * | 2022-06-24 | 2023-03-21 | федеральное государственное автономное образовательное учреждение высшего образования "Санкт-Петербургский политехнический университет Петра Великого" (ФГАОУ ВО "СПбПУ") | Quantum frequency standard |
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