CN103293023A - Original state sampling method for constructed fractured rock mass - Google Patents
Original state sampling method for constructed fractured rock mass Download PDFInfo
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- CN103293023A CN103293023A CN2013102424297A CN201310242429A CN103293023A CN 103293023 A CN103293023 A CN 103293023A CN 2013102424297 A CN2013102424297 A CN 2013102424297A CN 201310242429 A CN201310242429 A CN 201310242429A CN 103293023 A CN103293023 A CN 103293023A
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Abstract
The invention relates to an original state sampling method for constructed fractured rock mass, which aims at solving the technical problems that the original state structure of the constructed fractured rock mass is easily damaged under disturbance of the conventional sampling appliance, and the representative sample required by indoor research of a microstructure for a key geological structure is difficult to acquire. According to the technical scheme, the method comprises the following steps: a. drilling an observation hole in a shallow surface layer on which a rock sample to be sampled is positioned by using a drilling machine; b. putting positioning and imaging equipment in the observation hole for acquiring the geological structure position and physical characteristic information of the hole wall gap in the observation hole; c. positioning and plugging hole sections with complete rock mass or containing sparse fractures only in the observation hole by employing the plugging guide equipment according to information in the step b; d. injecting the epoxy resin curing agent glue solution into a reserved section in the observation hole, so as to inject the glue solution to the preset position along the dense fractures or fractured gaps of the reserved section under impact of high-pressure gas; e. reaming or continuously drilling the indoor analytical rock samples after the glue solution wholly reaches the bonding strength.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to original state sampling method in a kind of structure fragmented rock body, be a kind of be used to obtaining the necessary representative original state sample of crucial tectonic structure microscopical structure desk research, this kind sample is the positive evidence that regional tectonics develops, be generally scholars and be concerned about the most, however adopt routine drill through method difficulty obtain.The present invention is particularly useful for structure Evolution Mechanism and the area interstitial flow rule sample analysis at zone of fracture, the higher position of isolith body structure degree of crushing, joint fissure compact district.
Background technology
The inner geology structural plane of rock mass and each rank rift structure are being controlled mechanics, the hydraulic characteristic of regional rock mass to a great extent, thereby the degree of going deep into of this type of tectonic structure research directly determines regional rock stability and infiltrative progress.Yet the higher rock mass of degree of crushing is poor because of its structural stability, geologic body original state structure very easily wrecks under the high vibration of routine sampling utensil, causing the laboratory carefully to see the necessary representative sample of analysis is difficult to obtain, therefore, how high efficient and convenient is obtained from the scene comprises tectonic structure original state structure at interior representative sample, carrying out the specific aim desk research in a deep going way is the difficult problem that pendulum is demanded urgently breaking through in face of the scientific research personnel, also is the key link that promotes rock mass structure Evolution Mechanism and the research and development of area interstitial flow rule.
Summary of the invention
Technical matters to be solved by this invention is: very easily wreck the difficult problem that the necessary representative sample of crucial tectonic structure microscopical structure desk research is difficult to obtain at structure fragmented rock body original state structure under the disturbance of existing routine sampling utensil.The invention provides a kind of at convenient a kind of effective ways of analyzing required original state rock sample for indoor microscopical structure that obtain in the higher position of rock mass degree of crushing such as zone of fracture, joint fissure compact districts.
The technical scheme that the present invention takes is:
1. a structure fragmented rock body original state sampling method is characterized in that, comprises the steps:
A, at the shallow surface at place of waiting to bore sample, drill through viewport with rig;
B, in viewport, put into positioning and imaging equipment and be used for obtaining viewport tectonic structure position and hole wall space physical characteristic information;
C, obtain tectonic structure position and hole wall space physical characteristic information according to positioning and imaging equipment among the step b, take rock mass in the shutoff diversing flow system location shutoff viewport complete or only contain the hole section in sparse crack, reserve the rock crushing section at tectonic structure place or crack condensed section as reserving section;
D, will the epoxy curing agent glue inject and reserve section in the viewport, make the epoxy curing agent glue impact at gases at high pressure that the intensive crack of section is reserved in the lower edge or annotate to predeterminated position in broken space;
E, treat that but epoxy curing agent glue integral body reaches behind the consolidation strength just reaming or continuous hole drill is got in office analysis rock sample sample.
Viewport aperture among the described step a is 5-10cm, and the degree of depth is 40-50cm.
Obtain tectonic structure position and hole wall space physical characteristic information according to positioning and imaging equipment among the step b among the described step c,, tectonic structure densely distributed when the crack of viewport hole wall focuses mostly in hole wall, the crack distributes more sparsely and closed closely the time at the bottom of the viewport hole, adopts the aperture of shutoff simultaneously at the bottom of the shutoff diversing flow system shutoff viewport hole.
Adopt rig that viewport is carried out counterboring among the described step e, take out the in office analysis rock sample sample in the hole; The counterboring aperture is 3-3.5 times of observation aperture, and the counterboring hole depth is 40-50cm.
Obtain tectonic structure position and hole wall space physical characteristic information according to positioning and imaging equipment among the step b among the described step c, crack at the bottom of the viewport hole is densely distributed, tectonic structure focuses mostly at the bottom of the hole, when the distribution of viewport hole wall crack is more sparse, adopt shutoff diversing flow system shutoff viewport hole wall shutoff simultaneously aperture.
Adopt rig that viewport is continued brill among the described step e, take out the in office analysis rock sample sample in the hole; Continuous boring aperture equals the viewport aperture, and the hole depth of continuous boring is about 30-40cm.
Positioning and imaging equipment comprises guide pole, scale, reflective mirror, data line and signal processor; Data line is fixed on the guide pole, and reflective mirror is fixed on the guide pole, and scale and guide pole stretch in the measured hole, and a termination of data line is provided with camera, and the other end links to each other with signal processor.
The shutoff diversing flow system comprises harmomegathus gas bag unit and the baffle that at least one series connection arranges; Harmomegathus gas bag unit and baffle are installed in the viewport of present need shutoff; Described harmomegathus gas bag unit comprises harmomegathus air bag, pneumatic tube, feed tube, gas-filled tube, guiding awl and baroceptor; Pneumatic tube, feed tube run through the harmomegathus air bag and link to each other by sealing fastener with the harmomegathus air bag, and gas-filled tube stretches in the harmomegathus air bag and by connecting link and links to each other with the harmomegathus air bag, and baroceptor is contained in the end of feed tube, and the guiding awl is contained in the lower end of harmomegathus air bag; Described baffle is rubber cushion blocks or cover film.
Beneficial effect
The present invention is compared with prior art: 1, this method that drills through of the present invention has definition and high efficiency.Under the situation of verifying the true distribution of tectonic structure body in the viewport in advance, the researcher can save the plenty of time and material resources directly use corresponding water conservancy diversion method for blocking injecting glue to drill through the crucial sample that research institute needs by positioning and imaging equipment.Avoided the blindness of routine sampling to repeat work, this is the high-level efficiency place of this method sampling.2, this sampling method is pointed, direct.It is required and conventional method is more difficult to get comprises the degree of fragmentation higher rock sample of crucial geology in being configured in efficiently to obtain desk research, and this kind sample is the positive evidence that regional tectonics develops, and the scientific research personnel is concerned about the most.3, this sampling method has dirigibility, simplicity.Can be required according to the scientific research personnel, the scene arbitrarily drills through the most position of rock mass sample, overcome the puzzlement of numerous external factors such as the suffered terrain of large type drill sampling in the past, rock mass completeness to a great extent.3, the inventive method is equipped with boring positioned internal imaging device, can intuitively present and meet tectonic structure physical features (crack quantity, position, occurrence, opening width etc.) information in the hole, get rid of glue shutoff equipment and install the interference that blindness is brought, realize effective water conservancy diversion purpose; 4, the hardening agent glue helps it and diffuses to the space end and realize that the intersection connection is fixed through pressurized equipment high pressure injection fragmented rock body space, significantly strengthens the structural entity consolidation effect; But the harmomegathus air bag is adopted in the aperture, and application conditions is not limited by bore size, expands the scope of application of this shutoff equipment greatly, and shutoff presses and change flexibly with percussive pressure in the hole, has not only strengthened sealing effectiveness but also convenient the dismounting reused.In addition, be convenient to the manual control pressurized equipment by the crack occurrence of positioning and imaging equipment gained, opening width information and apply suitable injecting glue pressure.
Description of drawings
Fig. 1 is location imaging device arrangenent diagram in the hole of the present invention.
Fig. 2 is shutoff equipment wiring layout of the present invention.
Fig. 3 is shutoff pressurization complete layout of the present invention.
Fig. 4 is that reaming of the present invention drills through the original state sample schematic three dimensional views of getting.
Fig. 5 is that the continuous hole drill of the present invention is got the original state sample schematic three dimensional views of getting.
Embodiment
For content of the present invention is become apparent more, be further described below in conjunction with accompanying drawing 1-accompanying drawing 5 and embodiment.
The present invention very easily wrecks the difficult problem that the necessary representative sample of crucial tectonic structure microscopical structure desk research is difficult to obtain for solving puzzled experimental study personnel structure fragmented rock body for many years original state structure under the disturbance of existing routine sampling utensil.A kind of effective means is provided especially for structure Evolution Mechanism and the area interstitial flow rule sample analysis at the higher positions of rock mass degree of crushing such as zone of fracture, joint fissure compact district.The tectonic structure body original state structure scene that realization comprises various genetic types drills through, and makes the desk research of the inner evolution mechanism of tektonite and rule become possibility.
Structure fragmented rock body original state sampling method of the present invention comprises the steps:
1. a structure fragmented rock body original state sampling method is characterized in that, comprises the steps:
A, at the shallow surface at place of waiting to bore sample, drill through viewport with rig; Institute brill viewport moral aperture is 5-10cm, and hole depth is about 40-50cm;
B, in viewport, put into positioning and imaging equipment and be used for obtaining viewport tectonic structure position and hole wall space rerum natura (opening width, stuff etc.) information;
C, obtain tectonic structure position and hole wall space physical characteristic information according to positioning and imaging equipment among the step b, take rock mass in the shutoff diversing flow system location shutoff viewport complete or only contain the hole section in sparse crack, reserve the rock crushing section at tectonic structure place or crack condensed section as reserving section;
D, will the epoxy curing agent glue inject and reserve section in the viewport, the gases at high pressure that the epoxy curing agent glue is provided at pressurized equipment impact that the intensive crack of section is reserved in the lower edge or annotate to predeterminated position in broken space;
E, treat that but epoxy curing agent glue integral body reaches behind the consolidation strength just reaming or continuous hole drill is got in office analysis rock sample sample.
The rig that the present invention adopts in boring, reaming or the continuous hole in step a and step e is portable drill of the prior art, and the present invention of its concrete structure does not do detailed description.
The positioning and imaging equipment that the present invention adopts in step b, its this noun of positioning and imaging equipment is self-defined noun, as its name suggests, its major function is intuitively to show and locate meeting tectonic structure body physical message in the viewport, and the follow-up shutoff diversing flow system of accurate instruction has purpose to install specific aim control with injecting glue pressure.
Positioning and imaging equipment of the present invention comprises guide pole 1, scale 2, reflective mirror 3, data line 4 and signal processor 5; As shown in Figure 1.
Data line 4 is bundled on the guide pole 1 by band, does not influence the signal transmission in the data line 4 in binding.Reflective mirror 3 is fixed on the termination of guide pole 1, extend in the measured hole together with guide pole 1; Scale 2 and guide pole 1 stretch in the measured hole, and a termination of data line 4 is provided with camera 6, and the other end links to each other with signal processor 5.
Described guide pole 1 can adopt expansion link or folding rod in the positioning and imaging equipment of the present invention.Guide pole 1 adopts expansion link or folding rod can better be applicable to the detection of different depth viewport, expands its range of application and recycling rate of waterused, is convenient to simultaneously be convenient for carrying, reduces working space, the scope of application is bigger.
Described reflective mirror 3 is reflective mirror of the prior art in the positioning and imaging equipment of the present invention, its ovalize, and reflective mirror 3 is connected with the guide pole end.Major function: in guide pole 360 degree rotary courses, in crack around the hole wall all can being mapped into, get rid of the camera lighting dead angle, be convenient to obtain full spectrum information in the hole.
Described scale 2 can adopt the Steel Ruler that has size of the prior art in the positioning and imaging equipment of the present invention.
Described signal processor 5 can adopt notebook of the prior art or microprocessor in the positioning and imaging equipment of the present invention, and the present invention is for the ease of carrying, and the present invention preferentially adopts notebook.
Shutoff diversing flow system described in the step c of the present invention comprises at least one harmomegathus gas bag unit and baffle 14; Harmomegathus gas bag unit and baffle are installed in the viewport of present need shutoff; Described harmomegathus gas bag unit comprises harmomegathus air bag 7, pneumatic tube 8, feed tube 9, gas-filled tube 10, guiding awl 13 and baroceptor 12; As shown in Figure 2.
Epoxy curing agent glue pressurization is injected in the viewport section of interspacing in advance in the steps d of the present invention, make slurries impact at gases at high pressure that the intensive crack of section is reserved in the lower edge or annotate to the precalculated position in broken space.This step is described injects in the aperture section of interspacing in advance with epoxy curing agent glue pressurization, and described pressurized equipment adopts pressurized equipment of the prior art, and its concrete structure the present invention be not described in detail.
Described in the step c of the present invention according in the step b mesopore location imaging device obtain tectonic structure position and hole wall space rerum natura (opening width, stuff etc.) information in the viewport; Adopt rock mass in the shutoff diversing flow system shutoff viewport complete or only contain the hole section in sparse crack, reserve the rock crushing section at tectonic structure place or crack condensed section as reserving section in order to injecting glue.
, tectonic structure densely distributed when the crack of viewport hole wall focuses mostly in hole wall, at the bottom of the viewport hole crack distribute more sparse and closed closely the time, adopt the rubber cushion blocks plugging hole at the bottom of, harmomegathus air bag shutoff aperture.With rig viewport is carried out reaming, take out the glued fixing rock sample of epoxy curing agent in the hole; The reaming aperture is 3-3.5 times of observation aperture, and the reaming hole depth is 40-50cm.Enumerating a specific embodiment below is described in detail.
Embodiment 1:
At the bottom of the viewport hole crack distribute more sparse and closed closely the time, adopt the rubber cushion blocks plugging hole at the bottom of, the aperture of harmomegathus air bag shutoff viewport.
Concrete operation steps be adopt harmomegathus air bag shutoff viewport aperture, rubber cushion blocks in the hole to seal the hole of viewport at the bottom of, the reaming of high pressure sidewall injecting glue executes brill.
The first step enough can be ground architectonic suitable position by waiting to get rock crushing degree and geology topographic condition selected comprising, and adopts rig to drill through the about 6cm of diameter, highly be the rock pillar of 45cm that at shallow surface the taking-up rock pillar reserves diameter 6cm aperture; Second step, with the full hole of imaging device, location perisporium scanning in the hole, realize the accurate location of the concentrated section in hole week space and rock mass integrity degree upper sector, helping effective location of finishing harmomegathus air bag and rubber cushion blocks installs, guarantee that waiting to get the crucial geology tectosome that enjoys the researcher to be concerned about in the rock mass is contained in the reservation section of viewport to greatest extent, makes shutoff equipment play the purpose of specific aim water conservancy diversion conscientiously; The 3rd step, treat that the shutoff diversing flow system is that two plugs install, connect harmomegathus air bag respective line to pressurized equipment, detect each pipeline and closely connect back unlatching gasbag pressure switch, regulate and monitor each parameter, make the epoxy curing agent glue in viewport hole wall rock mass is injected in the perisporium space, hole, impacting with high pressure lower edge that pressurized equipment provides, operating personnel measure and monitor the real-time pressure value in order in time regulate and control surge pressure according to the baroceptor 12 that is installed in the viewport hole, guarantee that the epoxy curing agent glue arrives each space end as far as possible or realizes intersecting glue perforation between the crack; The 4th step, treat to adjust and reduce after the initial set of epoxy curing agent glue the harmomegathus pressure valve on the pressurized equipment, slowly shrink air bag and removal shutoff equipment; In the 5th step, treat to adopt rig after epoxy curing agent glue integral body reaches consolidation strength, and be replaced by the reaming of 20cm diameter drill bit and drill through the required sample of the in office analysis that comprises complete crucial geology tectosome.Shown in Fig. 3,4.
Described in the step c of the present invention according in the step b mesopore location imaging device obtain tectonic structure position and hole wall space rerum natura (opening width, stuff etc.) information in the viewport; Adopt rock mass in the shutoff diversing flow system shutoff viewport complete or only contain the hole section in sparse crack, reserve the rock crushing section at tectonic structure place or crack condensed section as reserving section in order to injecting glue.
Crack at the bottom of the viewport hole is densely distributed, tectonic structure focuses mostly at the bottom of the hole, when the distribution of viewport hole wall hole wall crack is more sparse, adopts plastic sheeting to be close to shutoff hole wall, harmomegathus air bag shutoff aperture.Adopt rig that viewport is continued brill, take out the in office analysis rock sample sample in the hole; Continuous boring aperture equals the viewport aperture, and the hole depth of continuous boring is about 30-40cm.Enumerating a specific embodiment below is described in detail.
Embodiment 2:
Crack at the bottom of the viewport hole is densely distributed, tectonic structure focuses mostly at the bottom of the hole, and viewport hole wall hole wall crack distributes more sparse.Adopt plastic sheeting to be close to shutoff hole wall, harmomegathus air bag shutoff aperture.
Concrete operation steps is to adopt aperture harmomegathus air bag shutoff, hole wall to adopt plastic sheeting covering, the continuous hole of pressure hole rising pouring glue to execute brill.
The first step enough can be ground architectonic suitable position by waiting to get rock crushing degree and geology topographic condition selected comprising, and adopts rig to drill through the about 8cm of diameter, highly be 45 rock pillar that at shallow surface the taking-up rock pillar reserves diameter 8cm viewport; Second step, with the full hole wall scanning of location imaging device in the hole, realize the accurate location of the concentrated section in hole week space and rock mass integrity degree upper sector, help and finish plastic sheeting to the emphasis covering at concentrated position, hole week space, stop the sidewall seepage to greatest extent and then guarantee that glue space at the bottom of the hole effectively injects the bottom and wait to get the tectonic structure body region, make harmomegathus air bag shutoff equipment play the purpose of specific aim water conservancy diversion conscientiously; The 3rd step, treat that this kind shutoff diversing flow system is the harmomegathus air bag, plastic sheeting is installed and is finished, connect harmomegathus air bag respective line to pressurized equipment, detect each pipeline and closely connect back unlatching gasbag pressure switch, regulate and monitor each parameter, make epoxy curing agent glue space at the bottom of hole, impacting with high pressure lower edge inject bottom Guan Yanti, operating personnel measure and monitor the real-time pressure value in order in time regulate surge pressure according to the baroceptor 12 that is installed in the viewport, guarantee that the epoxy curing agent glue arrives each space end as far as possible or realizes intersecting glue perforation between the crack; The 4th step, treat to adjust and reduce after the initial set of epoxy curing agent glue the harmomegathus pressure valve on the pressurized equipment, slowly shrink air bag and removal shutoff equipment; In the 5th step, treat that epoxy curing agent glue integral body reaches to adopt rig behind the consolidation strength and adopt the same diameter drill bit to stretch into deeply to drill through the required sample of the in office analysis that comprises complete crucial geology tectosome in the viewport.Shown in Fig. 3,5.
Part that the present invention does not relate to all same as the prior art or employing prior art is realized.
Claims (8)
1. a structure fragmented rock body original state sampling method is characterized in that, comprises the steps:
A, at the shallow surface at place of waiting to bore sample, drill through viewport with rig;
B, in viewport, put into positioning and imaging equipment and be used for obtaining viewport tectonic structure position and hole wall space physical characteristic information;
C, obtain tectonic structure position and hole wall space physical characteristic information according to positioning and imaging equipment among the step b, take rock mass in the shutoff diversing flow system location shutoff viewport complete or only contain the hole section in sparse crack, reserve the rock crushing section at tectonic structure place or crack condensed section as reserving section;
D, will the epoxy curing agent glue inject and reserve section in the viewport, make the epoxy curing agent glue impact at gases at high pressure that the intensive crack of section is reserved in the lower edge or annotate to predeterminated position in broken space;
E, treat that but epoxy curing agent glue integral body reaches behind the consolidation strength just reaming or continuous hole drill is got in office analysis rock sample sample.
2. structure fragmented rock body original state sampling method as claimed in claim 1 is characterized in that the viewport aperture among the described step a is 5-10cm, and the degree of depth is 40-50cm.
3. structure fragmented rock body original state sampling method as claimed in claim 1, it is characterized in that, obtain tectonic structure position and hole wall space physical characteristic information according to positioning and imaging equipment among the step b among the described step c,, tectonic structure densely distributed when the crack of viewport hole wall focuses mostly in hole wall, the crack distributes more sparsely and closed closely the time at the bottom of the viewport hole, adopts the aperture of shutoff simultaneously at the bottom of the shutoff diversing flow system shutoff viewport hole.
4. structure fragmented rock body original state sampling method as claimed in claim 3 is characterized in that, adopts rig that viewport is carried out counterboring among the described step e, takes out the in office analysis rock sample sample in the hole; The counterboring aperture is 3-3.5 times of observation aperture, and the counterboring hole depth is 40-50cm.
5. structure fragmented rock body original state sampling method as claimed in claim 1, it is characterized in that, obtain tectonic structure position and hole wall space physical characteristic information according to positioning and imaging equipment among the step b among the described step c, crack at the bottom of the viewport hole is densely distributed, tectonic structure focuses mostly at the bottom of the hole, when the distribution of viewport hole wall hole wall crack is more sparse, adopt shutoff diversing flow system shutoff viewport hole wall shutoff simultaneously aperture.
6. structure fragmented rock body original state sampling method as claimed in claim 5 is characterized in that, adopts rig that viewport is continued brill among the described step e, takes out the in office analysis rock sample sample in the hole; Continuous boring aperture equals the viewport aperture, and the hole depth of continuous boring is about 30-40cm.
7. structure fragmented rock body original state sampling method as claimed in claim 1 is characterized in that, described positioning and imaging equipment comprises guide pole (1), scale (2), reflective mirror (3), data line (4) and signal processor (5); Data line (4) is fixed on the guide pole (1), reflective mirror (3) is fixed on the guide pole (1), scale (2) and guide pole (1) stretch in the measured hole, and a termination of data line (4) is provided with camera (6), and the other end links to each other with signal processor (5).
8. structure fragmented rock body original state sampling method as claimed in claim 1 is characterized in that, described shutoff diversing flow system comprises harmomegathus gas bag unit and the baffle (14) that at least one series connection arranges; Harmomegathus gas bag unit and baffle are installed in the viewport of present need shutoff; Described harmomegathus gas bag unit comprises harmomegathus air bag (7), pneumatic tube (8), feed tube (9), gas-filled tube (10), guiding awl (13) and baroceptor (12); Pneumatic tube (8), feed tube (9) run through harmomegathus air bag (7) and link to each other by sealing fastener with harmomegathus air bag (7), gas-filled tube (10) stretches in the harmomegathus air bag (7) and by connecting link (11) and links to each other with harmomegathus air bag (7), baroceptor (12) is contained in the end of feed tube (9), and guiding awl (13) is contained in the lower end of harmomegathus air bag (7); Described baffle (14) is rubber cushion blocks or cover film.
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| CN104265219B (en) * | 2014-09-19 | 2016-10-19 | 中国矿业大学 | A kind of core original state structure recognition means and method |
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