CN109142192A - Visualization abnormity well cementation second interface bonding quality and obform body strength test system - Google Patents
Visualization abnormity well cementation second interface bonding quality and obform body strength test system Download PDFInfo
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- CN109142192A CN109142192A CN201811167812.XA CN201811167812A CN109142192A CN 109142192 A CN109142192 A CN 109142192A CN 201811167812 A CN201811167812 A CN 201811167812A CN 109142192 A CN109142192 A CN 109142192A
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- 238000012360 testing method Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 58
- 238000012800 visualization Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 14
- 239000004568 cement Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 116
- 230000015572 biosynthetic process Effects 0.000 claims abstract description 83
- 238000007789 sealing Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 35
- 238000002474 experimental method Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 25
- 238000002347 injection Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 22
- 239000007924 injection Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 22
- 238000012856 packing Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 20
- 239000007788 liquid Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 16
- 239000012495 reaction gas Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 16
- 230000000007 visual effect Effects 0.000 claims abstract description 9
- 230000035699 permeability Effects 0.000 claims description 34
- 210000004127 vitreous body Anatomy 0.000 claims description 28
- 239000007789 gas Substances 0.000 claims description 25
- 238000006243 chemical reaction Methods 0.000 claims description 18
- 238000010008 shearing Methods 0.000 claims description 9
- 229910001220 stainless steel Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 8
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- 230000003287 optical effect Effects 0.000 claims description 7
- XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N water Substances O XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 7
- 239000010727 cylinder oil Substances 0.000 claims description 5
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 abstract description 22
- 230000008569 process Effects 0.000 abstract description 14
- 239000002689 soil Substances 0.000 abstract description 14
- 238000011156 evaluation Methods 0.000 abstract description 6
- 238000001514 detection method Methods 0.000 abstract description 3
- 238000005755 formation reaction Methods 0.000 description 65
- 239000002002 slurry Substances 0.000 description 27
- VYPSYNLAJGMNEJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N Silicium dioxide Chemical compound O=[Si]=O VYPSYNLAJGMNEJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 13
- IJGRMHOSHXDMSA-UHFFFAOYSA-N Atomic nitrogen Chemical compound N#N IJGRMHOSHXDMSA-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 10
- 239000004576 sand Substances 0.000 description 10
- 238000005553 drilling Methods 0.000 description 8
- 239000012530 fluid Substances 0.000 description 7
- 239000010410 layer Substances 0.000 description 6
- 238000004519 manufacturing process Methods 0.000 description 6
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- 229910052757 nitrogen Inorganic materials 0.000 description 5
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- 239000003921 oil Substances 0.000 description 4
- UXVMQQNJUSDDNG-UHFFFAOYSA-L Calcium chloride Chemical compound [Cl-].[Cl-].[Ca+2] UXVMQQNJUSDDNG-UHFFFAOYSA-L 0.000 description 3
- 239000006004 Quartz sand Substances 0.000 description 3
- 238000009826 distribution Methods 0.000 description 3
- 239000003822 epoxy resin Substances 0.000 description 3
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- 239000011148 porous material Substances 0.000 description 3
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- 239000004115 Sodium Silicate Substances 0.000 description 2
- 239000003795 chemical substances by application Substances 0.000 description 2
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- 238000013441 quality evaluation Methods 0.000 description 2
- 238000009738 saturating Methods 0.000 description 2
- 238000004088 simulation Methods 0.000 description 2
- 235000019795 sodium metasilicate Nutrition 0.000 description 2
- 229910052911 sodium silicate Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- 229940099259 vaseline Drugs 0.000 description 2
- OKTJSMMVPCPJKN-UHFFFAOYSA-N Carbon Chemical compound [C] OKTJSMMVPCPJKN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- DGAQECJNVWCQMB-PUAWFVPOSA-M Ilexoside XXIX Chemical compound C[C@@H]1CC[C@@]2(CC[C@@]3(C(=CC[C@H]4[C@]3(CC[C@@H]5[C@@]4(CC[C@@H](C5(C)C)OS(=O)(=O)[O-])C)C)[C@@H]2[C@]1(C)O)C)C(=O)O[C@H]6[C@@H]([C@H]([C@@H]([C@H](O6)CO)O)O)O.[Na+] DGAQECJNVWCQMB-PUAWFVPOSA-M 0.000 description 1
- 235000009421 Myristica fragrans Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- XUIMIQQOPSSXEZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N Silicon Chemical compound [Si] XUIMIQQOPSSXEZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
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- 239000011083 cement mortar Substances 0.000 description 1
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- 238000010276 construction Methods 0.000 description 1
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- 230000007774 longterm Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000001115 mace Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000007246 mechanism Effects 0.000 description 1
- NMJORVOYSJLJGU-UHFFFAOYSA-N methane clathrate Chemical compound C.C.C.C.O.O.O.O.O.O.O.O.O.O.O.O.O.O.O.O.O.O.O.O.O.O.O NMJORVOYSJLJGU-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
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- NJPPVKZQTLUDBO-UHFFFAOYSA-N novaluron Chemical compound C1=C(Cl)C(OC(F)(F)C(OC(F)(F)F)F)=CC=C1NC(=O)NC(=O)C1=C(F)C=CC=C1F NJPPVKZQTLUDBO-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
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- 239000011734 sodium Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910052708 sodium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- NTHWMYGWWRZVTN-UHFFFAOYSA-N sodium silicate Chemical compound [Na+].[Na+].[O-][Si]([O-])=O NTHWMYGWWRZVTN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 239000000243 solution Substances 0.000 description 1
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Classifications
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- G—PHYSICS
- G01—MEASURING; TESTING
- G01N—INVESTIGATING OR ANALYSING MATERIALS BY DETERMINING THEIR CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROPERTIES
- G01N15/00—Investigating characteristics of particles; Investigating permeability, pore-volume, or surface-area of porous materials
- G01N15/08—Investigating permeability, pore-volume, or surface area of porous materials
- G01N15/082—Investigating permeability by forcing a fluid through a sample
- G01N15/0826—Investigating permeability by forcing a fluid through a sample and measuring fluid flow rate, i.e. permeation rate or pressure change
-
- G—PHYSICS
- G01—MEASURING; TESTING
- G01N—INVESTIGATING OR ANALYSING MATERIALS BY DETERMINING THEIR CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROPERTIES
- G01N15/00—Investigating characteristics of particles; Investigating permeability, pore-volume, or surface-area of porous materials
- G01N15/08—Investigating permeability, pore-volume, or surface area of porous materials
-
- G—PHYSICS
- G01—MEASURING; TESTING
- G01N—INVESTIGATING OR ANALYSING MATERIALS BY DETERMINING THEIR CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROPERTIES
- G01N15/00—Investigating characteristics of particles; Investigating permeability, pore-volume, or surface-area of porous materials
- G01N15/08—Investigating permeability, pore-volume, or surface area of porous materials
- G01N15/0806—Details, e.g. sample holders, mounting samples for testing
-
- G—PHYSICS
- G01—MEASURING; TESTING
- G01N—INVESTIGATING OR ANALYSING MATERIALS BY DETERMINING THEIR CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROPERTIES
- G01N3/00—Investigating strength properties of solid materials by application of mechanical stress
- G01N3/02—Details
- G01N3/06—Special adaptations of indicating or recording means
- G01N3/068—Special adaptations of indicating or recording means with optical indicating or recording means
-
- G—PHYSICS
- G01—MEASURING; TESTING
- G01N—INVESTIGATING OR ANALYSING MATERIALS BY DETERMINING THEIR CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROPERTIES
- G01N3/00—Investigating strength properties of solid materials by application of mechanical stress
- G01N3/24—Investigating strength properties of solid materials by application of mechanical stress by applying steady shearing forces
-
- G—PHYSICS
- G01—MEASURING; TESTING
- G01N—INVESTIGATING OR ANALYSING MATERIALS BY DETERMINING THEIR CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROPERTIES
- G01N15/00—Investigating characteristics of particles; Investigating permeability, pore-volume, or surface-area of porous materials
- G01N15/08—Investigating permeability, pore-volume, or surface area of porous materials
- G01N2015/0813—Measuring intrusion, e.g. of mercury
-
- G—PHYSICS
- G01—MEASURING; TESTING
- G01N—INVESTIGATING OR ANALYSING MATERIALS BY DETERMINING THEIR CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROPERTIES
- G01N2203/00—Investigating strength properties of solid materials by application of mechanical stress
- G01N2203/0014—Type of force applied
- G01N2203/0025—Shearing
-
- G—PHYSICS
- G01—MEASURING; TESTING
- G01N—INVESTIGATING OR ANALYSING MATERIALS BY DETERMINING THEIR CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROPERTIES
- G01N2203/00—Investigating strength properties of solid materials by application of mechanical stress
- G01N2203/003—Generation of the force
- G01N2203/0042—Pneumatic or hydraulic means
- G01N2203/0048—Hydraulic means
-
- G—PHYSICS
- G01—MEASURING; TESTING
- G01N—INVESTIGATING OR ANALYSING MATERIALS BY DETERMINING THEIR CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROPERTIES
- G01N2203/00—Investigating strength properties of solid materials by application of mechanical stress
- G01N2203/02—Details not specific for a particular testing method
- G01N2203/06—Indicating or recording means; Sensing means
- G01N2203/0641—Indicating or recording means; Sensing means using optical, X-ray, ultraviolet, infrared or similar detectors
Abstract
The present invention relates to well cementation second interface bonding quality detection technique fields, in particular to a kind of visualization abnormity well cementation second interface bonding quality and obform body strength test system, simulated formation cavity, cementing concrete/Behavior of Hardened Cement Paste cavity, which are connected, is shaped to experiment chamber, and vertical connected surface is second interface；Experiment top of chamber and bottom are respectively equipped with ring packing retaining ring, and cementing concrete/Behavior of Hardened Cement Paste cavity lower part is equipped with Behavior of Hardened Cement Paste and goes up and down mold；Thermocouple is equipped in simulated formation cavity；It is equipped with more reaction gas injection pipes in simulated formation cavity, visual windows are respectively equipped in simulated formation cavity, cementing concrete/Behavior of Hardened Cement Paste cavity side, sealing cover is equipped at the top of simulated formation cavity, sealing at the top of cementing concrete/Behavior of Hardened Cement Paste cavity is equipped with gas-liquid entrance.The present apparatus can be used for the test of the evaluation of second interface bonding quality in well cementing process containing hydrate formation, the soft soil layer soil body and cement gel junction quality.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to well cementation second interface bonding quality detection technique field, in particular to a kind of visualization abnormity well cementation two
Interface agglutination quality and obform body strength test system.
Background technique
The extraction of oil and gas needs to undergo the process of a series of complex, including drilling well, well cementation, complete well, perforation, note
Water, oil recovery etc..Wherein, well cementation, which has, provides protection and support for casing, carries out the important of effective Inter-zonal packing to adjacent earth formations
Effect.And the quality of cementing quality directly determines the service life of producing well, and going on smoothly and adopting to subsequent links
Yield has a major impact, and is the key project of oil field long term stable production.Therefore the evaluation of cementing quality is then seemed very necessary, Gu
The key of well quality is the bonding quality of second interface, mainly includes cementing strength and Inter-zonal packing ability.Currently, two boundaries of evaluation
The method of face quality can mainly be summarized as two classes: i.e. the interface cementing strength of live Logging Evaluation Method and laboratory experiment is evaluated
Method.Wherein mainly by materials such as cement mortar come simulated formation in laboratory experiment method, then cement after hardening
Surface is formed a certain amount of shale thin layer to simulate remaining mud cake after well-flushing by sand, is then infused in the space adjacent with thin layer
Enter a certain amount of cement slurry and is formed by curing cement slurry hardenite to simulate cement sheath, and the contact between cement slurry and stratum
Face is second interface of cementing the well.Entire physical model is as shown in fig. 6, can be according to requiring to be fabricated to required shape.Second interface is cementing strong
Degree is then characterized by being parallel to the shear strength that the shearing behavior measure of second interface obtains, meanwhile, Inter-zonal packing ability is then
It is characterized by the permeability of cement slurry and ground interface layer.This method have many advantages, such as it is simple to operation, however still
It comes with some shortcomings: for example, (1) simulated formation differs greatly with natural stratum physico-mechanical properties；(2) shear strength and infiltration
Rate is tested under the conditions ofs ex situ formation temperature, pressure etc.；(3) second interface form and natural environment have different；To all
There is certain influence to the accuracy of test result and the directive function on scene.In addition, being related to made in the experiment such as high pressure low temperature
The physical model size of work is larger, also increases the difficulty that experiment is carried out.
In addition, when encountered stratum dynamics intensity of cementing the well is lower, or even when being the sediment stratums such as non-consolidation, second interface
Form will be more complicated, and influence of the close degree of physical analogy model and natural environment to test result is bigger.For example,
Gas hydrates as clean energy resource.
Gas hydrates are distributed widely in oceanographic sedimentation stratum and land frozen soil stratum, and reserves are extremely abundant, carbon storage
Amount is twice or so of conventional energy resource, and with advances in technology with the continuation of investigation and prospecting, theoretical allowable exploitation also gradually increases
It is more, successfully exploit for alleviate the increasingly petroleum resources of reduction nervous situation it is significant, be considered as future by various countries
The alternative energy source of petroleum, natural gas, great extraction value.Relative to frozen soil stratum, the compacting of sea area hydrate reservoir consolidates journey
Spend worse, mechanical strength is lower.To also result in in-situ mechanical property and testing permeability feasibility is very low.In well cementing process
For the safety and stability for realizing the borehole wall, the bonding quality of second interface is improved, well cementation hydraulic coupling is generally higher than the pore pressure on stratum, separately
Outside since hydrated cementitious heat release leads to nearly borehole wall stratum decomposition of hydrate, so that the permeability on nearly borehole wall stratum and porosity increase
Add, has resulted in the nearly borehole wall stratum of a degree of intrusion of cement slurry, therefore the form of second interface is not burnishing surface, and it is similar
In the face for being covered with different size taper intrusive bodies (similar to the structure of tree root or mace).In addition, in live well cementing process, it is difficult
Intuitively to observe the development in the form of second interface and the development in crack, and by being also beneficial to form and microfissure observation
The Influencing Mechanism for the second interface intensity and sealing performance of analyzing and researching.The above existing problem both increases cementing strength and interlayer seals
Every the difficulty and accuracy of merit rating.
Summary of the invention
In view of the above technical problems, the present invention provides a kind of visualization abnormity well cementation second interface bonding quality and obform body is strong
Spend test macro, it is intended to solve low force strength formation, the abnormity in the presence of second interface bonding quality evaluation method of cementing the well is solid
Well second interface morphological Simulation is difficult, and emulator is low and second interface bonding quality is difficult to the problems such as evaluating, and increases visualization function
Can, be conducive to the observation of cementing concrete ring Yu the cementing form of second interface, and being replaced by multicomponent, can individually evaluate
Reservoir borehole wall interface conditions, influence of the taper intrusive body to second interface bonding quality.In addition it is also used for evaluating secondary squeeze method pair
The influence of cementing strength, and can be widely used for the measurement of the boundary strengths such as cement and the soil body, rock mass, it is hindered as pile foundation side rubs
Adhesion strengths of cementitious materials such as measurement, building surface masonry body and the cement of power (bearing capacity of friction pile) etc..
The specific technical solution that the present invention solves above-mentioned technical problem is as follows: visualization abnormity well cementation second interface bonding quality
And obform body strength test system, it include mainly reaction under high pressure autoclave body and optical viewer, the reaction under high pressure autoclave body includes mould
Quasi- stratum cavity, cementing concrete/Behavior of Hardened Cement Paste cavity, hydraulic cylinder cavity, a side wall of the hydraulic cylinder cavity are Behavior of Hardened Cement Paste
Go up and down mold base；The hydraulic cylinder cavity is equipped with cylinder chamber high-pressure gas-liquid entrance, hydraulic cylinder oil circuit pipeline, inside peace
Equipped with hydraulic cylinder；
The simulated formation cavity, cementing concrete/Behavior of Hardened Cement Paste cavity, which are connected, is shaped to experiment chamber, vertical connected surface
For second interface；The second interface bottom is equipped with second interface and is mostly used mouth, and top is equipped with second interface testing permeability gas vent；Institute
The experiment cavity wall stated is equipped with rubber pattern pipe, and top and bottom are respectively equipped with ring packing retaining ring, rubber pattern pipe and two groups upper and lower
Ring packing retaining ring edge seal contacts to form sealing space；
Cementing concrete/Behavior of Hardened Cement Paste cavity lower part is equipped with Behavior of Hardened Cement Paste and goes up and down mold, and Behavior of Hardened Cement Paste lifting mold is mounted on Behavior of Hardened Cement Paste
It goes up and down on mold base, Behavior of Hardened Cement Paste lifting mold is gone up and down by Driven by Hydraulic Cylinder；
In the cementing concrete/Behavior of Hardened Cement Paste cavity, cementing concrete/stayed between Behavior of Hardened Cement Paste cavity inner wall and rubber pattern pipe
There is gap, is equipped with thin-wall stainless steel skeleton, thin-wall stainless steel skeletal support rubber pattern pipe in gap；It is equipped in gap multiple
Horizontal block, horizontal block are fixed on cementing concrete/Behavior of Hardened Cement Paste cavity inner wall, and multiple horizontal blocks are discontinuously arranged, and
Positioned at ring packing retaining ring lower edge；The cementing concrete/Behavior of Hardened Cement Paste cavity wall is equipped with confining pressure entrance, confining pressure entrance and institute
The gap connection stated；
Thermocouple is equipped in simulated formation cavity；
More reaction gas injection pipes are equipped in the simulated formation cavity, reaction gas injection pipe lower end is located at simulated formation
Outside cavity bottom；Multiple apertures are distributed on the wall of reaction gas injection pipe；
Visual windows are respectively equipped on the simulated formation cavity, cementing concrete/Behavior of Hardened Cement Paste cavity side, outside visual windows
Microscopic observation device is installed；Optical viewer can need to select the device of specific different performance parameter according to experiment test.
It is equipped with sealing cover at the top of the simulated formation cavity, is equipped with sealing ring in sealing cover；
Sealing at the top of the cementing concrete/Behavior of Hardened Cement Paste cavity, cementing concrete/Behavior of Hardened Cement Paste cavity top are equipped with laser ranging
Instrument is additionally provided with gas-liquid entrance.
The position height of the simulated formation cavity is lower than the cementing concrete/Behavior of Hardened Cement Paste cavity；The annular
Sealing shield ring includes height two parts, and two parts are connected by vertical panel, and height two parts are located at cementing concrete/Behavior of Hardened Cement Paste
At cavity, simulated formation cavity.
The rubber pattern pipe, when being not necessarily to shearing test, Guan Weiyi entirety of rubber pattern, and work as and need shearing test
When, rubber pattern pipe is two parts, is located in simulated formation cavity and cementing concrete/Behavior of Hardened Cement Paste cavity, two parts are on two boundaries
It is overlap joint face contact at face, is slidingly sealed in shear history.
Further include transparent vitreous body, multiple intrusive body holes, the one end in intrusive body hole are horizontally disposed in transparent glass body
On one side wall of transparent vitreous body, other end is located in transparent glass body, and passes through permeability cell and transparent vitreous body
The connection of other side wall, permeability cell is interior to be equipped with intrusive body plunger；Transparent vitreous body is mounted in simulated formation cavity, and and mould
Pass through seal with elastometic washer between quasi- stratum cavity inner wall, Behavior of Hardened Cement Paste lifting mold.
Second interface is mostly used mouth as second interface testing permeability gas access or drilling fluid and cementing fluid entrance.
The intracorporal simulated formation cavity of autoclave provides the space of production simulated formation, for simulating actual well drilled mistake
Nearly borehole wall stratum in journey can carry out simulation production with materials such as sand, soil as needed, and cementing concrete/Behavior of Hardened Cement Paste cavity is used for
With simulating actual well drilled process middle sleeve and the nearly borehole wall annulus of interlayer is circulation of drilling fluid and cementing slurry injection with
The space of hardening.Rubber pattern pipe and upper and lower two groups of ring packing retaining rings form sealing space, and rubber pattern pipe is used for simulated formation
Cavity and cementing concrete/Behavior of Hardened Cement Paste cavity add confining pressure.Cementing concrete/Behavior of Hardened Cement Paste cavity lower part is that Behavior of Hardened Cement Paste goes up and down mold, is passed through
The lifting of hydraulic cylinder can test the cementing strong of the cement plane (second interface) of cementing concrete/Behavior of Hardened Cement Paste cavity and simulated formation cavity
Degree.Visualization window is made of high strength glass, is mounted on reaction under high pressure autoclave body by sealing ring sealing with nut, is worked as experiment
In do not use rubber pattern pipe when be convenient to observation second interface form, in conjunction with microscope and infrared facility etc., observable cement slurry
Under differential pressure into the invasion procedure of simulated formation and cement slurry hardening process microfissure developmental state.Transparent vitreous body
For the quickly dismantled mold for simulating nearly borehole wall stratum, by sand, soil in alternative simulated formation cavity in following three kinds of situations
The material of equal production: influence of its cement slurry intrusive body for being used to investigate (1) different shape to second interface cementing strength；(2) two
Influence of the interface roughness degree to cementing strength and sealing performance；(3) influence of the remaining mud cake of drilling fluid to second interface intensity,
On have the cavitys such as prefabricated cylindricality, taper.Vitreous surface degree of roughness mainly passes through the stone of adhering with epoxy resin different-grain diameter
Sand is realized.Relative to sand, native simulated formation, transparent vitreous body is more convenient quickly, and focusing on examination not
Cement slurry intrusive body and second interface degree of roughness with form.Similar, it equally can use mould when with simulated formations such as sand, soil
Having the intrusive body cavity of prefabricated different shape or improving well cementation pressure difference allows cement slurry to invade simulated formation under differential pressure and be formed
Intrusive body.
In simulated formation cavity, when with sand, soil production simulated formation, using anhydrous calcium chloride and sodium metasilicate to sand, soil
Grain carry out it is cementing, while be added form hydrate needed for water, be subject to certain pressure forming using mold, guarantee ground stratum boundary
Not slump when face is high up in the air, and anhydrous calcium chloride and sodium metasilicate bond are smaller, are more nearly natural stratum.
More reaction gas injection pipes are arranged in simulated formation cavity, the side of reaction gas injection pipe is distributed certain aperture,
So that gas injection is more convenient, the hydrate formed in hole is more sufficiently and uniform.
Rubber pattern pipe and upper and lower two groups of ring packing retaining ring sealings, rubber pattern pipe upper and lower opening edge are kept off with ring packing always
Circle is in contact, and reaches sealing in the effect of confining pressure pressure.Rubber pattern pipe can need to make according to experiment it is a variety of, when need and meanwhile measure
When second interface cementing strength and permeability, rubber pattern pipe is divided into two parts, respectively simulated formation chamber rubber pattern semicanal and well cementation
Cement chamber rubber pattern semicanal, two parts are sealed at second interface by being slidingly sealed, so that shearing behavior can be realized.Wherein
Cementing concrete chamber rubber pattern semicanal top is exceptionally with thin-wall stainless steel skeleton.When only measuring second interface permeability, rubber pattern
Pipe is integrally formed, and whether can also needing to select to use according to experiment, but equally exists thin-wall stainless steel skeleton.
Sealing cover is connected with reaction under high pressure autoclave body with nut, is sealed in the form of means of press seals by sealing ring.Work as mould
When quasi- ground layer height is lower, sealing cover can be filled with the intracorporal simulated formation of simulated formation chamber by briquetting.Sealing cover material
Matter elasticity preferably, to realize seals at dog-ear.
Behavior of Hardened Cement Paste lifting mold passes through seal rubber with reaction under high pressure inner wall of kettle and with Behavior of Hardened Cement Paste lifting mold base
Circle realizes sealing, and hydraulic cylinder cavity and inner chamber body are synchronized to pressure to reduce inside and outside differential pressure where hydraulic cylinder in experimentation,
So when sealing rubber ring be not subject to pressure difference substantially, be served only for preventing the entrance of sand, soil and cement slurry.
Hydraulic cylinder is connected with pressure gauge, for obtaining pressure reading, calculates shear strength.Second interface is mostly used mouth, second interface
Testing permeability gas vent is connected with pressure gauge and flowmeter, for obtaining pressure and flow reading, calculates permeability.It is other
Pipeline entrance connects pressure gauge and flowmeter as needed, to realize the monitoring of pressure and flow.
It is equipped with laser ranging instrument at the top of cementing concrete/Behavior of Hardened Cement Paste cavity, to realize that cement slurry liquid level monitors.It is equipped with
Gas-liquid entrance is to test the circulation of drilling fluid and the injection of cementing slurry.
Thermocouple is equipped in simulated formation cavity, to realize the monitoring of formation temperature.
When carrying out Fast Evaluation experiment using transparent vitreous body, by transparent vitreous body along second interface, installed in conjunction with cushion block
It is close by rubber ring between transparent vitreous body and simulated formation cavity inner wall, Behavior of Hardened Cement Paste lifting mold in simulated formation cavity
Envelope.Intrusive body hole form, quantity, size and distribution situation are pre-machined according to experiment exam needs on transparent vitreous body.Glass
The degree of roughness of glass body interface can be realized using the quartz sand of adhering with epoxy resin different-grain diameter.
Visual windows can be used for observing the intrusive behavior of cement slurry and microfissure when no rubber pattern pipe uses and develop, in conjunction with sight
Survey needs to select optical viewer, can be microscope equipment or infrared facility.
Second interface is mostly used mouth, sets inside Behavior of Hardened Cement Paste lifting mold base as second interface testing permeability suction line
It sets, second interface is mostly used mouth pipeline and is arranged along adjacent simulated formation cavity, cementing concrete/Behavior of Hardened Cement Paste cavity, to facilitate shearing
The realization of behavior.
The device has been filled up the mechanics scall abnormity such as current natural gas hydrate well cementation second interface and has been formed and cementing matter
The blank of the visual testing method of amount.Relative to existing conventional gas and oil stratum cement the well second interface bonding quality test equipment,
The present invention considers influence of downhole temperature, pressure, formation mechanical property and hole the infiltration property to second interface formation and form, and in original
The bonding quality of special-shaped second interface is tested under the conditions of the temperature, pressure on position stratum by visualization method, evaluation model can integrate
Consider the influence to bonding quality such as interface configuration, interface surface roughness, intrusive body size, also can individually consider each factor
Influence situation.Physical model in the present invention is more nearly with actual conditions, to keep test result truer, data more may be used
It leans on.
The effective effect of bring of the present invention is: by traditional test device that there is three layers or more of annular housing to form
It is reduced to only reduce the volume of reaction kettle body there are two main cavity, thus can facilitate and cool down in merging water-bath or air bath,
And the shape of reaction kettle body can need to make with size according to experiment.Can test and evaluate the cement intrusive body of different shape with
And influence of the bed boundary roughness to the intensity and sealing performance of second interface, in the second interface examined or check and actual well drilled more
Adjunction is close.The visible observation of cement slurry intrusion and hardening process under the conditions of achievable original position stratum temperature, pressure etc., more intuitively.
The cementing strength and permeability of second interface can be evaluated in primary experiment simultaneously, test scope is wider, and performance is more abundant.
The present apparatus cannot be only used for the evaluation of second interface bonding quality in well cementing process containing hydrate formation, can also Guanji use
In the test of the soft soil layer soil body and cement gel junction quality, such as the detection of frozen soil stratum cementing quality, bearing capacity of friction pile test
Deng all with good directive function in the construction of drilling engineering and underground infrastructure in China.
Detailed description of the invention
Fig. 1 is sectional elevation structural schematic diagram of the invention；
Fig. 2 is horizontal profile structure schematic diagram of the invention；
Fig. 3 is horizontal profile structure schematic diagram of the invention；
Fig. 4 is transparent vitreous body schematic perspective view of the invention；
Fig. 5 is transparent vitreous body side structure schematic view of the invention；
Fig. 6 prior art well cementation second interface bonding quality evaluation model schematic diagram.
Specific embodiment
The principle and features of the present invention will be described below with reference to the accompanying drawings, and the given examples are served only to explain the present invention, and
It is non-to be used to limit the scope of the invention.
Visualization abnormity well cementation second interface bonding quality and obform body strength test system as shown in Figure 1, main includes height
Press reaction kettle body 9 and optical viewer 23, as shown in Fig. 2, reaction under high pressure autoclave body 9 can be cylinder, can also with as shown in figure 3,
For cuboid.The reaction under high pressure autoclave body 9 includes simulated formation cavity 17, cementing concrete/Behavior of Hardened Cement Paste cavity 20, hydraulic cylinder
Cavity, a side wall of the hydraulic cylinder cavity are that Behavior of Hardened Cement Paste goes up and down mold base 13；The hydraulic cylinder cavity is equipped with liquid
Cylinder pressure chamber high-pressure gas liquid entrance 10, hydraulic cylinder oil circuit pipeline 12, inside is equipped with hydraulic cylinder 11；
The simulated formation cavity 17, cementing concrete/Behavior of Hardened Cement Paste cavity 20, which are connected, is shaped to experiment chamber, vertical company
Logical face is second interface；The second interface bottom is equipped with second interface and is mostly used mouth 14, and top is equipped with second interface testing permeability gas
Outlet 21；The experiment cavity wall is equipped with rubber pattern pipe 6, and top and bottom are respectively equipped with ring packing retaining ring 3, rubber pattern pipe
6 and 3 edge seal of upper and lower two groups of ring packing retaining rings contact to form sealing space；
Cementing concrete/20 lower part of Behavior of Hardened Cement Paste cavity is equipped with Behavior of Hardened Cement Paste and goes up and down mold 8, and Behavior of Hardened Cement Paste lifting mold 8 is mounted on water
Mudstone is gone up and down on mold base 13, and Behavior of Hardened Cement Paste goes up and down mold 8 and drives lifting by hydraulic cylinder 11；
In the cementing concrete/Behavior of Hardened Cement Paste cavity 20, cementing concrete/20 inner wall of Behavior of Hardened Cement Paste cavity and rubber pattern pipe 6
Between there are gap, be equipped with thin-wall stainless steel skeleton 7 in gap, thin-wall stainless steel skeleton 7 supports rubber pattern pipe 6；In gap
Multiple horizontal blocks 4 are installed, horizontal block 4 is fixed on cementing concrete/20 inner wall of Behavior of Hardened Cement Paste cavity, multiple horizontal blocks 4
It is discontinuously arranged, and it is located at 3 lower edge of ring packing retaining ring；The cementing concrete/20 side wall of Behavior of Hardened Cement Paste cavity, which is equipped with, to be enclosed
It is pressed into mouth 5, confining pressure entrance 5 is connected to the gap；
Thermocouple 15 is equipped in simulated formation cavity 17；
More reaction gas injection pipes 16 are equipped in the simulated formation cavity 17,16 lower end of reaction gas injection pipe is located at mould
Outside quasi- 17 bottom of stratum cavity；Multiple apertures are distributed on the wall of reaction gas injection pipe 16；
The simulated formation cavity 17, cementing concrete/Behavior of Hardened Cement Paste cavity are respectively equipped with visual windows 22 on 20 side, visually
Optical viewer 23 is installed outside window 22；
It is equipped with sealing cover 19 at the top of the simulated formation cavity 17, is equipped with sealing ring 18 in sealing cover 19；
It is sealed at the top of the cementing concrete/Behavior of Hardened Cement Paste cavity 20, laser is equipped at the top of cementing concrete/Behavior of Hardened Cement Paste cavity 20
Distance mearuring equipment 2 is additionally provided with gas-liquid entrance 1.
The position height of the simulated formation cavity 17 is lower than the cementing concrete/Behavior of Hardened Cement Paste cavity 20；Described
Ring packing retaining ring 3 include height two parts, two parts by vertical panel connection, height two parts be located at cementing concrete/
At Behavior of Hardened Cement Paste cavity 20, simulated formation cavity 17.
The rubber pattern pipe 6, when being not necessarily to shearing test, rubber pattern pipe 6 is an entirety, and works as and need shearing test
When, rubber pattern pipe 6 is two parts, is located in simulated formation cavity 17 and cementing concrete/Behavior of Hardened Cement Paste cavity 20, two parts exist
It is overlap joint face contact at second interface, is slidingly sealed in shear history.
It as shown in Figure 4 and Figure 5, further include transparent vitreous body 24, size, the quantity in the intrusive body hole on transparent vitreous body
It is carried out that setting is pre-machined according to experiment with distribution, arrangement can be irregular.
This embodiment example enumerates a kind of situation: multiple taper intrusive bodies hole 25 is horizontally disposed in transparent vitreous body 24, it is more
In same level, about 25 multiple taper intrusive bodies hole sets multiple cylindricality intrusive bodies respectively in a taper intrusive body hole 25
Hole 26, bilevel cylindricality intrusive body hole 26 are located in same level；The big mouth in taper intrusive body hole 25
End and 26 one end of cylindricality intrusive body hole be located on 24 1 side walls of transparent vitreous body, the osculum end in taper intrusive body hole 25 with
26 other end of cylindricality intrusive body hole is located in transparent vitreous body 24, and passes through permeability cell and transparent vitreous body 24 other one
Side wall connection, permeability cell is interior to be equipped with intrusive body plunger 27；Transparent vitreous body 24 is mounted in simulated formation cavity 17, and and mould
It is sealed between quasi- 17 inner wall of stratum cavity, Behavior of Hardened Cement Paste lifting mold 8 by rubber ring 28.
One of usage mode:
Experiment purpose is mainly to test the cementing strength and permeability of the well cementation second interface containing hydrate formation, is analyzed different solid
Influence of the well pressure difference (the cement slurry intrusive body for generating different sizes and form) to second interface quality.
As shown in Figure 1, abnormity well cementation second interface bonding quality and obform body strength test system in the present embodiment, confining pressure
Entrance 5, cylinder chamber high-pressure gas-liquid entrance 10, hydraulic cylinder oil circuit pipeline 12, second interface are mostly used mouth 14, reaction gas injection pipe
16, second interface testing permeability gas vent 21 connects pressure gauge respectively, and second interface is mostly used mouth 14, reaction gas injection pipe 16, two boundaries
Face testing permeability gas vent 21 is further connected with flow agent simultaneously, and second interface is mostly used mouth 14 and is further connected with slush pump.
Reaction kettle inner wall smears suitable vaseline first at second interface testing permeability gas vent 21.Rubber is installed
Mould pipe 6 simultaneously does preload processing to the region for having contact with ring packing retaining ring 3.Utilize natural siliceous sand, anhydrous calcium chloride and silicon
In sour sodium mixed filling indentation simulated formation cavity 17, the simulated formation that preparation physical property condition is met the requirements, simulated formation height
Not less than 3 lower edge of ring packing retaining ring above, sealing cover 19 is installed after being put into briquetting, entire reaction under high pressure autoclave body 9 is placed in
On pedestal, it is placed in cool room.It is injected by reaction gas injection pipe 16 into simulated formation and forms pore water needed for hydrate,
Start to cool down, methane gas is injected to 8MPa by reaction gas injection pipe 16 when temperature reaches 2 DEG C, keeps pressure invariable 2
Hour is to be sufficiently formed hydrate.In the process by cylinder chamber high-pressure gas-liquid entrance 10 inject nitrogen with guarantee reaction chamber with
Cylinder chamber pressure difference is zero as far as possible.Mouth 14, which is mostly used, by second interface is slowly injected into the static required time of drilling fluid in simulated formation
A certain amount of mud cake is formed at second interface, is then discharged out drilling fluid.Mouth 14, which is mostly used, by second interface is slowly injected into low-temperature solid well water
Mud determines the real-time liquid level position of cement slurry according to laser range finder 2, guarantees that liquid level position is higher than second interface testing permeability gas
Body is exported 21 extreme lower position and is gone lower than 3 lower edge of Sealing shield ring annular in cementing concrete/Behavior of Hardened Cement Paste cavity 20 with reserved shearing
For required stroke.Injecting high pressure nitrogen by gas-liquid entrance 1 makes cement slurry pressure be greater than formation pore pressure so that cement slurry
It invades in hydrate formation, keeps nitrogen pressure constant.Cement slurry passes through confining pressure entrance 5 to simulated formation and consolidates after sufficiently solidifying
Well-cementing cement adds a certain amount of confining pressure in well cement/Behavior of Hardened Cement Paste cavity 20.The injection of mouth 14 is mostly used greater than intracavitary using second interface
The nitrogen of pressure collects the gas that seepage flow crosses second interface by second interface testing permeability gas vent 21, records two in the process
Interface is mostly used the pressure and flow of mouth 14 and second interface testing permeability gas vent 21, calculates second interface permeability.Start liquid
Cylinder pressure 11 is lifted Behavior of Hardened Cement Paste and is sheared, and records the pressure change of hydraulic cylinder, calculates shear strength.By with unimplanted well cementation water
Shear strength of the instrument under self weight and friction, which compares, when mud obtains second interface cementing strength.After the completion of test successively
Removal confining pressure and cavity internal pressure and Cylinder chamber pressures open reaction under high pressure autoclave body 9, observe two boundaries after removing simulated formation
Face and intrusion volume morphing.
When carrying out simulated experiment using transparent vitreous body 24, the production of simulated formation then passes through 24 generation of transparent vitreous body
It replaces, remaining space is by briquetting and cushion block completion in simulated formation cavity, and hydrate is not necessarily formed in experimentation.Directly examine
Look into the influence of intrusive body or interface roughness degree to second interface bonding quality.Above example is carried out using rubber pattern pipe 6
Experiment, to the more demanding of sealing.
In addition, the permeability when simulated formation is poor, or without testing second interface under the conditions of actual formation in-situ stress
When bonding quality, rubber pattern pipe 6 can not be used, is then not necessarily to add confining pressure step in experimentation.It at this time can be at visual windows 22
Microscope equipment is disposed, observes the formation and development of cement slurry intrusion and microfissure in real time.
The two of usage mode:
Experiment purpose is mainly the influence for testing cement intrusive body and interface roughness to second interface bonding quality, and analysis is not
With the quantitative effect of size intrusive body and different roughness interface, for instructing the selection of technological parameter in well cementing process.
As shown in Figure 1, abnormity well cementation second interface bonding quality and obform body strength test system in the present embodiment, hydraulic
Cylinder oil circuit pipeline 12, second interface are mostly used mouth 14, second interface testing permeability gas vent 21 connects pressure gauge, and second interface is mostly used mouth
14, second interface testing permeability gas vent 21 is further connected with flow agent simultaneously, and second interface is mostly used mouth 14 and is connected to slush pump.
Reaction kettle inner wall smears suitable vaseline first at second interface testing permeability gas vent 21.It then will be saturating
Bright vitreum 24 is mounted in simulated formation cavity 17, and remaining space is supplemented by cushion block.It is needed according to research in advance saturating
Different sizes, quantity and the taper of distribution intrusive body hole 25 and cylindricality intrusive body hole 26 are made on bright vitreum 24, and
Pass through the quartz sand of the certain partial size of adhering with epoxy resin in 24 side of transparent vitreous body.And when examination cement intrusive body is to two boundaries
When the influence of face bonding quality, woth no need to be bonded quartz sand.Sealing cover 19 is installed, experiment desired value is reduced the temperature to.Then lead to
It crosses the multi-purpose mouth 14 of second interface and is slowly injected into cement slurry so that cement slurry enters taper intrusive body hole 25, cylindricality intrusive body hole
26, cement slurry page height is monitored in real time by laser range finder 2.The abundant aquation of cement slurry is allowed to consolidate after injection.
It is mostly used the nitrogen that the injection of mouth 14 is greater than cavity pressure using second interface, passes through second interface testing permeability gas vent
21 collection seepage flow cross the gas of second interface, record second interface in the process and are mostly used mouth 14 and second interface testing permeability gas vent 21
Pressure and flow, calculate second interface permeability.Starting hydraulic cylinder 11 is lifted Behavior of Hardened Cement Paste and is sheared, and records the pressure of hydraulic cylinder 11
Power variation, calculates second interface cementing strength.It, can be real-time by the microscope equipment disposed at visual windows 22 in entire test process
Observe the formation and development process of cement slurry aquation and microfissure.Test after the completion of open reaction kettle, replacement have different sizes,
The intrusive body hole of form, interface roughness, according to above step retest.
The foregoing is merely presently preferred embodiments of the present invention, is not intended to limit the invention, it is all in the principle of the present invention and
Within content, any modification, equivalent replacement, improvement and so on be should all be included in the protection scope of the present invention.
Claims (5)
1. visualization abnormity well cementation second interface bonding quality and obform body strength test system mainly include reaction under high pressure autoclave body
(9) with optical viewer (23), which is characterized in that the reaction under high pressure autoclave body (9) include simulated formation cavity (17), well cementation water
Mud/Behavior of Hardened Cement Paste cavity (20), hydraulic cylinder cavity, a side wall of the hydraulic cylinder cavity are that Behavior of Hardened Cement Paste goes up and down mold base
(13)；The hydraulic cylinder cavity is equipped with cylinder chamber high-pressure gas-liquid entrance (10), hydraulic cylinder oil circuit pipeline (12), inside peace
Equipped with hydraulic cylinder (11)；
The simulated formation cavity (17), cementing concrete/Behavior of Hardened Cement Paste cavity (20), which are connected, is shaped to experiment chamber, vertical company
Logical face is second interface；The second interface bottom is equipped with second interface and is mostly used mouth (14), and top is equipped with second interface testing permeability gas
Body exports (21)；The experiment top of chamber and bottom are respectively equipped with ring packing retaining ring (3)；
Cementing concrete/Behavior of Hardened Cement Paste cavity (20) lower part is equipped with Behavior of Hardened Cement Paste lifting mold (8), and Behavior of Hardened Cement Paste lifting mold (8) is mounted on
Behavior of Hardened Cement Paste is gone up and down on mold base (13)；Behavior of Hardened Cement Paste goes up and down mold (8) and drives lifting by hydraulic cylinder (11)；
Thermocouple (15) are equipped in simulated formation cavity (17)；
More reaction gas injection pipes (16) are equipped in the simulated formation cavity (17), reaction gas injection pipe (16) lower end is located at
Outside simulated formation cavity (17) bottom；Multiple apertures are distributed on the wall of reaction gas injection pipe (16)；
Visual windows (22) are respectively equipped on the simulated formation cavity (17), cementing concrete/Behavior of Hardened Cement Paste cavity (20) side, it can
Optical viewer (23) are installed outside viewing window (22)；
Sealing cover (19) are equipped at the top of the simulated formation cavity (17), are equipped with sealing ring (18) in sealing cover (19)；
Sealing at the top of the cementing concrete/Behavior of Hardened Cement Paste cavity (20), cementing concrete/Behavior of Hardened Cement Paste cavity (20) top are equipped with laser
Distance mearuring equipment (2) is additionally provided with gas-liquid entrance (1).
2. visualization abnormity well cementation second interface bonding quality according to claim 1 and obform body strength test system,
It is characterized in that, the position height of the simulated formation cavity (17) is lower than the cementing concrete/Behavior of Hardened Cement Paste cavity (20)；Institute
The ring packing retaining ring (3) stated includes height two parts, and two parts are connected by vertical panel, and height two parts are located at well cementation
At cement/Behavior of Hardened Cement Paste cavity (20), simulated formation cavity (17).
3. visualization abnormity well cementation second interface bonding quality according to claim 1 and obform body strength test system,
It is characterized in that, the experiment cavity wall is equipped with rubber pattern pipe (6), rubber pattern pipe (6) and upper and lower two groups of ring packing retaining rings
(3) edge seal contacts to form sealing space；In the cementing concrete/Behavior of Hardened Cement Paste cavity (20), cementing concrete/Behavior of Hardened Cement Paste
There are gaps between cavity (20) inner wall and rubber pattern pipe (6), are equipped with thin-wall stainless steel skeleton (7) in gap, thin-walled is stainless
Steel skeleton (7) supports rubber pattern pipe (6)；Multiple horizontal blocks (4) are installed, horizontal block (4) is fixed on well cementation water in gap
On mud/Behavior of Hardened Cement Paste cavity (20) inner wall, multiple horizontal blocks (4) are discontinuously arranged, and are located under ring packing retaining ring (3)
Edge；The cementing concrete/Behavior of Hardened Cement Paste cavity (20) side wall is equipped with confining pressure entrance (5), confining pressure entrance (5) and the gap
Connection.
4. visualization abnormity well cementation second interface bonding quality according to claim 3 and obform body strength test system,
It is characterized in that, the rubber pattern pipe (6), when being not necessarily to shearing test, rubber pattern pipe (6) is an entirety, and when needs are cut
When cutting test, rubber pattern pipe (6) is two parts, is located at simulated formation cavity (17) and cementing concrete/Behavior of Hardened Cement Paste cavity
(20) in, two parts are overlap joint face contact at second interface, are slidingly sealed in shear history.
5. being surveyed according to claim 1 to 4 described in any item visualization abnormity well cementation second interface bonding qualities and obform body intensity
Test system, which is characterized in that further include transparent vitreous body (24), the multiple intrusive body holes of setting, are invaded in transparent vitreous body (24)
Enter body hole one end to be located on (24) side walls of transparent vitreous body, other end is located in transparent vitreous body (24), and leads to
It crosses permeability cell to connect with transparent vitreous body (24) other side wall, is equipped with intrusive body plunger (27) in permeability cell；Transparent vitreous body
(24) it is mounted in simulated formation cavity (17), and between simulated formation cavity (17) inner wall, Behavior of Hardened Cement Paste lifting mold (8)
It is sealed by rubber ring (28).
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