CN114994292A - Monitoring devices of friction pile grout gelatinization intensity - Google Patents
Monitoring devices of friction pile grout gelatinization intensity Download PDFInfo
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- CN114994292A CN114994292A CN202210436612.XA CN202210436612A CN114994292A CN 114994292 A CN114994292 A CN 114994292A CN 202210436612 A CN202210436612 A CN 202210436612A CN 114994292 A CN114994292 A CN 114994292A
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- G01N—INVESTIGATING OR ANALYSING MATERIALS BY DETERMINING THEIR CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROPERTIES
- G01N33/00—Investigating or analysing materials by specific methods not covered by groups G01N1/00 - G01N31/00
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Abstract
The invention relates to a device for monitoring the cement paste gel strength of an anti-slide pile, which comprises: the reactor observes microscopic changes of cement paste at a pipeline opening of an input pipeline of pressurized fluid through a window of the reactor, records a pressure value P related to the gel strength of the cement paste at the same moment according to the microscopic changes, records an initial demulsification pressure P1 at the moment before the initial setting of the cement paste and when bubbles with a preset size are generated at the pipeline opening of the input pipeline of the pressurized fluid, and records a final demulsification pressure P2 at the moment when at least a single complete bubble is generated at the pipeline opening of the input pipeline of the pressurized fluid, so that the gel strength of the cement paste at the corresponding moment is half of the sum of the initial demulsification pressure P1 and the final demulsification pressure P2. The device has the characteristics of simple structure, convenience in operation and accuracy in monitoring, and can visually observe the gel strength of cement paste and improve the monitoring efficiency.
Description
Description of the cases
The original basis of the divisional application is the patent application with the application number of 202111502746.9, the application date of 2021, 12 months and 10 days, and the invention is named as 'an evaluation device and method for the cement paste coagulation quality of the slide-resistant pile'.
Technical Field
The invention relates to the technical field of cement gel strength detection, in particular to a device for monitoring the gel strength of cement paste of an anti-slide pile.
Background
In order to reduce the loss caused by slope instability, anti-slide piles are often used for reinforcing the slope in engineering. The anti-slide pile is a side bearing pile suitable for shallow layer and medium-thick layer landslides, and has the function of balancing the thrust of a slide body by using the resistance of a stable stratum below a sliding surface of the anti-slide pile to the pile, so that the stability of the anti-slide pile is improved, and the slide body in front of the pile is in a stable state due to the resistance of the anti-slide pile when the slide body slides downwards. The depth of the anti-slide pile embedded below the stratum is one third of the designed pile length according to general experience; the length of the hard rock is one fourth of the designed pile length; the soil sliding bed is designed to be half of the pile length. When the soil layer slides along the foundation rock surface, the anchoring depth is 2-5 times of the adopted pile diameter.
The construction process of the slide-resistant pile is generally as follows: construction preparation, opening excavation, concrete wall construction, segmental excavation, protective arm pouring, circular construction, foundation inspection, reinforcement cage hoisting, pouring maintenance, pile foundation detection, soil retaining plate installation and acceptance inspection. When the anti-slide pile structure is built, a cement pouring process is involved, namely cement paste is poured into an underground pile hole, and in the cement paste condensation process, it is very helpful if the condensation strength of the cement paste can be known at any time, because the condensation strength of the cement paste can influence the protection performance of the anti-slide pile for preventing landslides or soil landslides.
For this reason, the prior art has provided a large number of cement slurry gel strength measuring devices or methods, and most of them provide simple and easy indoor detection means, which mainly determine the gel strength of cement slurry when the cement slurry is coagulated under the surface or stratum environment corresponding to the corresponding construction environment by simulating the construction environment of outdoor construction site, however, the existing indoor detection methods still have the following problems: the simulative stratum environment is limited, and particularly, a simulation method for in-situ stratum and low temperature is lacked, so that the data in the experiment process is not comprehensive enough, certain persuasion is lacked, and practical guide basis cannot be accurately and effectively provided for site construction; the detection process of the cement paste gel strength is usually invisible, so that the strength value of the cement paste is often inaccurate only by means of meter reading, and the microscopic state change of the cement paste in each setting period is ignored, so that the final evaluation of the cement paste setting quality is inaccurate; the method lacks a real-time measurement means, most of the methods can only obtain the final evaluation result of the cement paste setting strength, and the change trend of the cement paste related to the time can not be obtained according to the difference of the cement paste in each setting stage; the application scenes are few, and the system can be used only for a single occasion.
Accordingly, the present invention is directed to a method and apparatus for real-time measurement of the development of gel strength during setting and hardening of a cement slurry using a visual, highly simulated, and highly reducing method and apparatus that addresses at least one or more of the problems of the prior art.
Chinese patent publication No. CN112145155A discloses an experimental method of an evaluation apparatus capable of eccentrically testing the cementing quality of a cement-casing interface, i.e., a first cementing interface for well cementation. Currently, the evaluation of the first interface only considers the cementation between the outer surface of the casing and the cement sheath, but in the actual multi-open well structure, the cementation between the inner surface of the casing and the cement sheath also exists, and the cementation quality also determines the success of the cement sheath sealing. Furthermore, the effect of eccentricity of the sleeve on the cement needs to be taken into account, while taking into account the inner and outer surfaces. The device provides a solution for the problems, and simulates the process and the working condition of field well cementation as much as possible, including the formation and the flushing of mud cakes, the underground maintenance of cement, the underground pressure and the temperature and the like. The device has high simulation degree, can evaluate the cementation condition of the inner surface and the outer surface of the casing and cement, can simulate the cementation condition of the casing with any eccentricity, and can simulate the plugging strength of colloid slugs such as cement paste and the like. The experimental results and analysis can provide important reference for evaluating the cementing quality of the first interface of the well cementation cement, provide important basis for engineering design, and can also be used for evaluating the cementing strength of other material systems and casings. However, the device has a complex structure, and the problem of visual preparation for monitoring the cement paste gel strength cannot be realized through a pressure device. The pressure gauge monitor of the device has the characteristics of simple structure and accurate monitoring.
Chinese patent publication No. CN102012347A discloses a cement static glue strength channeling measurement method, which comprises the following steps: (1) acquiring a channeling point and a channeling pressure delta P of cement slurry according to the channeling well and the cement slurry parameters; (2) preparing cement paste according to API standard; (3) placing cement paste in a closed container for stirring; (4) continuously measuring the static adhesive strength of the cement paste; (5) stopping stirring the cement paste; (6) releasing pressure at one end of cement paste in the closed container, and inputting pressure gas or water or oil at the other end; (7) judging the channeling condition of the cement slurry under the channeling logging condition according to the gassing condition of the other end of the cement slurry; (8) the differential pressure was slowly increased until breakthrough, and the maximum breakthrough prevention capacity was recorded. The invention adopts the closed container to simulate the underground environment, is convenient to ventilate, pressurize and measure the pressure of cement slurry arranged in the closed container, can completely simulate the underground temperature, pressure and flow conditions, and is convenient to judge the channeling condition of the cement slurry by observing the gas-emitting condition. However, the method is complex and complicated in calculation of data including a decompression value and the like in the measurement of the static cement strength, the effect of improving the measurement efficiency by simple calculation cannot be achieved, and the method cannot be used for simply, conveniently and visually observing the gel strength of the cement paste through the pressure assembly.
Furthermore, on the one hand, due to the differences in understanding to the person skilled in the art; on the other hand, since the applicant has studied a great deal of literature and patents when making the present invention, but the disclosure is not limited thereto and the details and contents thereof are not listed in detail, it is by no means the present invention has these prior art features, but the present invention has all the features of the prior art, and the applicant reserves the right to increase the related prior art in the background.
Disclosure of Invention
Aiming at the defects of the prior art, the invention provides a device and a method for evaluating the setting quality of the cement paste of the slide-resistant pile, and aims to solve at least one or more technical problems in the prior art.
In order to achieve the purpose, the invention provides a method for evaluating the setting quality of the cement paste of the slide-resistant pile, which at least comprises the following steps: applying pressure and temperature conditions of the corresponding stratum to a pressure cavity containing cement slurry of the reaction container so as to enable the setting and hardening process of the cement slurry to be under the temperature and pressure conditions of the corresponding stratum; after the cement slurry setting and hardening reaction is carried out for a preset time, applying a stable and slow fluid to a first pressurizing pipeline extending into the cement slurry, and acquiring corresponding fluid pressure through a pressure gauge; observing microscopic changes of cement paste at a first pressurization pipeline pipe orifice through a first visual window of the reaction container, and recording a pressure value P related to the gel strength of the cement paste at a corresponding moment according to the microscopic changes of the cement paste, wherein before the cement paste is initially set, when bubbles with a preset size are generated at the first pressurization pipeline pipe orifice, the pressure at the moment is counted as an initial demulsification pressure P1, and when at least a single complete bubble is generated at the first pressurization pipeline orifice, the pressure at the moment is counted as a final demulsification pressure P2, the gel strength of the cement paste at the moment is half of the sum of the initial demulsification pressure P1 and the final demulsification pressure P2; when the cement slurry at the pipe orifice of the first pressurization pipeline fluctuates, vibrates or cracks are generated during initial setting of the cement slurry, the pressure at the moment is measured to be P3, and the gelation strength of the cement slurry at the corresponding moment is represented.
The technical scheme has the advantages that: the change condition of the cement paste in the setting and hardening process can be visually observed through a visual window, in addition, the cement paste can be set and hardened under the corresponding ground temperature and ground pressure conditions by referring to the corresponding ground temperature and ground pressure of each stratum, the gel strength of the cement paste can be measured at any hydration time, the change curve of the setting strength along with time can be obtained, and compared with the prior art, the change of the cement paste in the setting process can be accurately and comprehensively reflected; in addition, the cement paste coagulation quality evaluation device provided by the invention has very remarkable advantages in the aspect of construction and construction of the anti-slide pile engineering, because the environments of the ground surface and the stratum of the section constructed by the anti-slide pile engineering are very complex, the coagulation strength of the cement paste has very strict requirements, so when the construction of an anti-slide pile structure is carried out in the sections for preventing geological disasters and/or reducing the hazard of the geological disasters, various process parameters in the cement construction process are necessarily planned in advance by simulating the corresponding pressure and temperature states under various geological conditions according to the geological conditions of corresponding areas, so that before the construction of a difficult stratum on site, a ground test can be carried out, the cement paste is placed under the ground temperature and ground pressure of the corresponding stratum, is coagulated and hardened, whether the cement paste meets the strength requirements of the corresponding engineering or not is checked, the cost increase and the construction period delay caused by misoperation can be greatly reduced; moreover, the device can be widely applied to construction engineering of future underground space, namely can be used for simulating the condition of cement gel strength development of the underground space building in the construction process, thereby greatly reducing the construction cost of the future underground space.
Preferably, when the gel strength of the cement slurry is measured in a simulation mode, the real-time flow rate of the fluid is uniform along with the increase of the pressure in each input pipeline in the initial stage of pressurization, when bubbles are formed and float up or cracks are generated at the pipe orifice of the first pressurization pipeline, the real-time flow rate of the fluid fluctuates, and the pressure P corresponding to the fluctuation moment is defined as the gel strength of the cement slurry.
Preferably, a cement slurry setting quality evaluation device comprises at least: the reactor is provided with a pressure cavity for accommodating cement slurry, the pressure cavity is connected with at least one pressure chamber, and the pressure state of the cement slurry in different stratum depths and the invasion state of formation fluid can be simulated through the pressure chamber; the heat supply unit is used for providing temperature states corresponding to different depths of the stratum to a pressure cavity for containing cement paste, wherein the pressure cavity positioned at the top of the reactor is connected with an input pipeline for injecting pressurized fluid into the pressure cavity, the pressure cavity positioned at the side of the reactor is connected with a plurality of input pipelines, at least one input pipeline in the plurality of input pipelines is configured to extend into the cement paste, and at least one part of the input pipeline extending into the cement paste is a first measuring pipe; and at least one further input line is arranged to extend into a pressure chamber on the side of the reactor, and at least part of the input line extending into the pressure chamber is a second side tube, wherein the reactor surface is provided with a first viewing window for viewing the first side tube and a second viewing window for viewing the second side tube.
Preferably, the evaluation device further comprises a mounting base, a lifting bracket is mounted on the top of the mounting base, the lifting bracket is composed of two independent brackets, and the reactor and the heat supply unit are connected to the lifting bracket.
Preferably, the first measuring tube is detachably arranged, and the first measuring tube is parallel or perpendicular to the wall surface of the first visual window according to a preset gap.
Preferably, the evaluation device further comprises at least one isolation membrane arranged on top of the pressure chamber, and the isolation membrane is interposed between the pressure chamber and a first pressure chamber located on top of the pressure chamber.
Preferably, a pressurized fluid pump unit is connected to the top of the reactor, by which pressurized fluid can be injected into the first pressure chamber to simulate the pressure state of the cement slurry at different depths of the formation, wherein the pressurized fluid pump unit has a buffer tank for stabilizing the fluid pressure.
Preferably, the pressurized fluid injected onto the barrier film is a liquid immiscible with the cement slurry.
Preferably, the evaluation apparatus further includes a flow meter and a pressure pump disposed above each input line, and a control unit for providing a function of interlock control for the equipment.
Drawings
Fig. 1 is a schematic structural diagram of a preferred device for evaluating the setting quality of the cement paste of the slide-resistant pile according to an embodiment of the invention;
FIG. 2 is a preferred enlarged view of a portion of a first visualization window according to an embodiment of the present invention;
FIG. 3 is a schematic diagram of a preferred structure of a first measuring tube in a first visual window according to an embodiment of the present invention;
FIG. 4 is a preferred enlarged view of a portion of a second viewing window according to an embodiment of the present invention;
fig. 5 is a schematic diagram of a preferred construction of a different form of stake.
List of reference numerals
1: installing a base; 2: a lifting support; 3: a reactor; 4: a heat supply unit; 5: an isolation film; 6: a buffer tank; 7: a flow meter; 8: a pressure pump; 9: a control unit; 10: a first visual window; 11: a second visual window; 12: a first measuring tube; 13: a second measuring tube; 14: a pressurized fluid; 15: cement slurry; 16: a reaction kettle body interface; 17: cementing an interface; 18: chair type slide-resistant piles; 19: door type slide-resistant piles; 20: bent frame type slide-resistant pile.
Detailed Description
The following detailed description is made with reference to the accompanying drawings.
At present, the gel strength (emulsion breaking strength) of cement paste can be expressed by the viscosity and pressure of the cement paste, the most widely used method is to convert the viscosity of the cement paste into the gel strength of the cement paste, and the gel strength of the cement paste obtained by viscosity conversion is not intuitive enough. Therefore, the invention adopts a pressure mode to characterize the gel strength of the cement paste, namely the demulsification pressure of the fluid in the cement paste is used for expressing the gel strength of the cement paste.
According to a preferred embodiment, the invention provides a device for evaluating the setting quality of the slip-resistant pile cement paste, which can be used for the slip-resistant pile construction project, in particular for detecting the gel strength of the cement paste at each setting moment after the cement paste is poured. In addition, the evaluation device can be widely applied to a plurality of fields related to the detection of the cement paste gel strength of the underground space, such as cement paste in oil and gas well cementation, concrete in industrial and civil construction, cement paste in engineering grouting and the like.
Fig. 5 shows a schematic structural view of the slide-resistant piles in some preferred embodiments, in which a chair-type slide-resistant pile 18, a gate-type slide-resistant pile 19, and a framed-type slide-resistant pile 20 are arranged in order from left to right.
Specifically, as shown in fig. 1, the evaluation device may include: the device comprises a mounting base 1 and a lifting support 2, wherein the lifting support 2 consists of two independent supports which are arranged at two sides of the top of the mounting base 1; the reactor 3 is arranged at the top of the mounting base 1, two ends of the reactor 3 are connected to the lifting support 2, and the reactor 3 is preferably a sealed reaction kettle and used for containing cement paste to be tested; and a heat supply unit 4 disposed between the reactor 3 and the mounting base 1, and both sides of the heat supply unit 4 are connected to the elevating bracket 2. Preferably, the heat supply unit 4 may be raised to a desired position by the lifting bracket 2 to heat the reactor 3 when it is required to provide the temperature of the corresponding formation to the reactor 3. In particular, since the temperature and pressure environment involved in the formation is wide, in order to simulate the change state of the formation temperature from near zero to several hundred degrees celsius, the heat supplying unit 4 preferably employs a water-oil bath or a sand bath to provide a high temperature environment of several hundred degrees celsius below the depth of the formation.
According to a preferred embodiment, the reactor 3 has inside a pressure chamber (not shown) for containing the cement slurry 15, to the top of which at least one first pressure chamber is connected, by means of which an externally applied force in the vertical direction can be applied to the cement slurry 15 for simulating the pressure conditions of the cement slurry 15 at different depths of the formation. Further, at least one second pressure chamber (not shown) is connected to a side of the pressure chamber, and an external force in a transverse direction can be applied to the cement slurry 15 through the second pressure chamber, so as to simulate a pressure state corresponding to the invasion of formation fluids at different depths into the cement slurry 15 and the cementing of the cement slurry.
According to a preferred embodiment, a first visualization window 10 may be provided at a substantially central position of the reactor 3, while a second visualization window 11 is provided at the side of the pressure chamber of the reactor 3, where the external fluid invades. In order to facilitate the visual and clear observation of microscopic changes of the cement slurry 15 inside the pressure chamber and microscopic changes of the cement slurry 15 upon the intrusion of external fluid, the first and second visualization windows 10 and 11 are configured to have a magnifying effect (for example, the respective glass windows are configured in the form of magnifying glasses). Preferably, the first visual window 10 and the second visual window 11 are provided with scale marks, so that an experimenter can observe the change of the fluid bubble inside through the visual windows and record corresponding data.
According to a preferred embodiment, as shown in fig. 1, a plurality of input lines are arranged on the side of the reactor 3, and a valve for controlling the on-off of each input line is arranged on each input line. And preferably the input of one of the input lines is configured to be inserted into the cement slurry 15 located in the pressure chamber of the reactor 3. For convenience of description, at least a part of the input pipeline inserted into the cement slurry 15 is referred to as a first pipe 12, and an output end of the first pipe 12 is located within a visible range of the first visible window 10, as shown in fig. 2. In addition, if the detection requirement of the oil-gas well cementation field for the cementing strength of a well cementation interface is related, the measurement can be carried out through the first measuring pipe 12 extending into the cement slurry 15. Further, when the first measuring tube 12 is a visual tube (e.g., a glass tube), it needs to be closely attached to the inner wall surface of the first visual window 10 in parallel, or to be perpendicular to the first visual window 10, and a slight gap (about 1 mm) is maintained, as shown in fig. 3. Preferably, the first measuring tube 12 extending into the cement slurry 15 is detachable and can be discarded and replaced after the experiment operation is finished. In particular, the first pipe 12 for measuring the cement paste 15 can be of a removable type, through which the fluid (gas or liquid) to be fed can be selected according to the specific circumstances. In addition, the first measuring pipe 12 can be a transparent pipe so as to observe whether the cement slurry 15 invades the first measuring pipe 12 reversely.
According to a preferred embodiment, as shown in fig. 1, the input pipeline of the first measuring tube 12 has two branch input pipelines, both branch input pipelines are connected to the side surface of the kettle body of the reactor 3, and specifically, the output ends of the two branch input pipelines are located within the visible range of the second visible window 11, as shown in fig. 4. For ease of understanding, at least a portion of the branch input line within the second viewing window 11 is referred to as a second measuring tube 13, and as shown in fig. 4, an end of the second measuring tube 13 is located between the pressure chamber of the reactor 3 and the reaction vessel body interface 16.
According to a preferred embodiment, as shown in fig. 1, the top of the pressure chamber of the reactor 3 is provided with a separation membrane 5 for separating the pressurized fluid 14 above it from the cement slurry 15 inside the pressure chamber, and preferably the pressurized fluid 14 in the first pressure chamber at the top of the pressure chamber is a liquid immiscible with the cement slurry 15. Further, a pressurized fluid pump unit having a buffer tank 6 is added to the upper part of the pressure chamber of the reactor 3. Under the action of the fluid pump assembly, high pressure fluid acts on the cement slurry 15 to place the cement slurry 15 under the corresponding formation pressure conditions. Preferably, the input line for applying the high pressure fluid is mechanically and/or electrically connected to the control unit 9, and the control unit 9 is used for controlling the start and stop of each device on the transmission line and adjusting the working mode or state of each device.
According to a preferred embodiment shown in fig. 1, a flow meter 7 for obtaining the flow rate of the pressurized fluid 14 and a pressurizing pump 8 for pumping the pressurized fluid 14 may be respectively disposed on each of the input lines. In particular, the high-precision pressure gauge arranged above each input pipeline ensures the real reliability of data in the whole simulation detection process. In addition, in order to meet the requirement of applying stable and slow pressure, a buffer tank 6 is additionally arranged behind the pressurized fluid pump unit to stabilize the pressure of the fluid, and the smooth operation of the air compressing process is ensured. Meanwhile, the high-precision flowmeter 7 is adopted, and the gelation strength of the cement paste 15 can be judged according to the real-time reading of the flowmeter 7, for example, in the initial pressurization period, the flow rate of the fluid displayed by the flowmeter 7 in real time is relatively uniform along with the rise of the pressure in the pipeline, when the pressure pipe opening is provided with bubbles and floats upwards or cracks are generated, the tiny fluctuation of the pressure is bound to be accompanied in the pipeline, the flow rate of the fluid displayed by the flowmeter 7 in real time is bound to have certain fluctuation, and the pressure corresponding to the fluctuation moment can be defined as the gelation strength of the cement paste 15.
Preferably, when the cement paste gel strength monitoring device for the slide-resistant pile is used, firstly, the cement paste 15 to be tested is accommodated in the pressure cavity of the reactor 3 to carry out setting and hardening reaction, when the gel strength of each stage of the cement paste 15 needs to be measured, according to specific detection requirements, a pressurized fluid 14 is injected into the first pressure chamber above the pressure cavity through a pressurized fluid pump unit to provide the pressure cavity accommodating the cement paste 15 with the pressure state of the corresponding stratum, and the temperature state under the height of the corresponding stratum is provided for the pressure cavity accommodating the cement paste 15 through the heat supply unit 4, after the measurement is started, after the setting and hardening reaction of the cement paste 15 is carried out for a certain set time, the pressurized pump 8 is started to pump the pressurized fluid 14 which is stable and slow to the first measuring tube 12 extending into the cement paste 15, and the microscopic change of the cement paste 15 at the orifice of the first measuring tube 12 is observed through the first visual window 10 of the reactor 3, recording the pressure value P at the same moment, before the cement paste 15 is initially set, because pressure exists at the pipe orifice of the first measuring pipe 12, bubbles with a certain size can be generated at the first visual window 10 of the cement paste 15, for example, when the size of the bubbles is 1.5mm, the pressure at the moment is measured as an initial demulsification pressure P1, along with the continuous increase of input pressure, the cement paste 15 can generate complete bubbles, the pressure at the moment is measured as a final demulsification pressure P2, finally, the capability of resisting the invasion of external fluid of the cement paste 15 at the moment is obtained as half of the sum of the initial demulsification pressure P1 and the final demulsification pressure P2, and the gelling strength of the cement paste 15 at the corresponding moment is represented by the pressure; when the cement paste 15 is initially set, the cement paste 15 is condensed into a paste shape, the gel strength at this time is the pressure value reflected by a pressure gauge or a flow meter when the cement paste 15 at the pipe orifice of the first measuring pipe 12 fluctuates, vibrates or cracks are generated, and the capability of resisting the invasion of external fluid of the cement paste 15 at this time is P3.
Therefore, according to the device for evaluating the cement mortar setting quality of the slide-resistant pile, the stratum environment near the construction section of the slide-resistant pile can be simulated through the device, namely the temperature and the pressure of the stratum where the slide-resistant pile is located are simulated before the slide-resistant pile is constructed. Specifically, referring to the geological conditions of the area where the friction piles are constructed, since the height of the layer where the friction piles are located is generally several tens of meters at the maximum and is under a small spatial pressure, a pressurized fluid 14 may be injected through a pressurized fluid pump unit to provide a pressure state corresponding to the height of the formation to a pressure chamber, and in addition, a corresponding temperature state may be applied to the pressure chamber of the reactor 3 in which the cement paste 15 is accommodated through a heat supply unit 4, and after a setting and hardening reaction of the cement paste 15 has proceeded for a certain time, a smooth and slow fluid may be applied to the first measuring tube 12 extended into the cement paste 15, and the pressure of the fluid may be obtained on a pressure gauge, and further, the setting strength of the cement paste 15 at each setting stage may be known based on the change state of the first measuring tube 12 at the nozzle observed through the first visual window 10 and each stress value P obtained through the cement paste corresponding to each change state, in order to meet the requirement of the corresponding slide-resistant pile protection structure on the setting strength of the cement paste 15, the corresponding cement paste 15 gel strength under the temperature and pressure conditions of each stratum obtained through experimental simulation can be compared with a theoretical value, so that various parameters in the actual cement construction process can be adjusted based on experimental data, such as the proportion, the temperature and the like of the cement paste 15. The reliable data support can be well provided for the construction of the anti-slide pile protection project through experimental simulation in advance, and particularly for the setting strength of the cement paste 15, in most construction links related to cement processes, engineering personnel can effectively adjust process parameters related to the setting strength of the cement paste 15 according to experimental data, so that the final protection performance of the anti-slide pile protection structure can better meet the strength requirement of a geological disaster frequent section on the anti-slide pile protection structure.
Based on the device for evaluating the coagulation quality of the cement paste of the slide-resistant pile, the invention provides a method for measuring the coagulation quality of the cement paste 15 based on the evaluation device, and the method specifically comprises the following steps:
depending on the detection requirements, the pressurized fluid pump assembly and/or the heating unit 4 is activated to provide the pressure chamber of the reactor 3 containing the cement slurry 15 with the pressure and temperature conditions of the respective formation, so that the setting and hardening process of the cement slurry 15 is under correspondingly mild ground pressure.
After the cement paste 15 is subjected to setting and hardening reaction for a certain set time, pumping a stable and slow fluid into the first measuring tube 12 extending into the cement paste 15, wherein the pressure of the fluid can be obtained on a pressure gauge, and the pressure gauge can be arranged on the buffer tank 6;
observing microscopic changes of cement paste 15 at the pipe orifice of the first measuring pipe 12 through the first visual window 10, and recording a pressure value P at a corresponding moment, wherein before the cement paste 15 is initially set, due to the pressure at the pipe orifice of the first measuring pipe 12, the cement paste 15 can generate a certain amount of bubbles at the first visual window 10, for example, when the size of the bubbles is 1.5mm, the pressure at the moment is counted as initial demulsification pressure P1, along with the continuous increase of input pressure, the cement paste 15 can generate complete bubbles, the pressure at the moment is counted as final demulsification pressure P2, and finally, the capacity that the cement paste 15 can resist the invasion of external fluid at the moment is half of the sum of the initial demulsification pressure P1 and the final demulsification pressure P2, and the gelling strength of the cement paste 15 at the corresponding moment is represented by the capacity; when the cement paste 15 is initially set, the cement paste 15 is condensed into a paste shape, and the gel strength at this time is a pressure value reflected by the pressure gauge or the flowmeter 7 when the cement paste 15 of the first measuring pipe 12 fluctuates, vibrates or cracks are generated, and the capability of resisting the invasion of an external fluid of the cement paste 15 at this time is measured to be P3.
In particular, if there is a need for a simulation in the field of oil and gas cementing that involves measuring the strength of the cement bond between the respective cement slurry 15 and the casing at the respective earth temperature and pressure, i.e. the cementing strength of the cementing-interface 17, the measurement can be made by:
the cement slurry 15 is continuously subjected to coagulation and hardening reaction, and when the preset time is reached, the second measuring pipe 13 is opened, and fluid is pumped into a gap between the cement slurry 15 and the inner wall of the reactor 3 stably and slowly;
observing microscopic changes of the cement paste 15 through a second visual window 11 at the position of a second measuring pipe 13, stably and slowly continuously inputting pressurized fluid 14 along with the experiment in the process of proceeding, stopping pumping the fluid when the looseness between the cement paste 15 and the inner wall of the kettle body is observed, and recording the pumping pressure at the moment;
the pumping pressure at this time is recorded to characterize the bond strength between the simulated cement slurry 15 and the steel casing, with greater pumping pressure indicating greater bond strength between the cement slurry 15 and the borehole wall.
It should be noted that the above-mentioned embodiments are exemplary, and that those skilled in the art, having benefit of the present disclosure, may devise various arrangements that are within the scope of the present disclosure and that fall within the scope of the invention. It should be understood by those skilled in the art that the present specification and figures are illustrative only and are not limiting upon the claims. The scope of the invention is defined by the claims and their equivalents. The present description contains a plurality of inventive concepts such as "preferably", "according to a preferred embodiment" or "optionally" each indicating that the respective paragraph discloses a separate concept, the applicant reserves the right to apply for divisional applications according to each inventive concept.
Claims (10)
1. A monitoring device of friction pile grout gel strength includes: a reactor (3) characterized in that,
-observing microscopic variations of the cement slurry (15) at the inlet line mouth of the pressurized fluid (14) through a window of the reactor (3), and recording pressure values P related to the gel strength of the cement slurry (15) at the same moment according to said microscopic variations, the step of recording pressure values P related to the gel strength of the cement slurry (15) at the same moment according to said microscopic variations comprising:
recording an initial breaking pressure P1 at a time before initial setting of the cement slurry (15) and when a predetermined size of bubbles is generated at an input line port of the pressurized fluid (14), and recording a final breaking pressure P2 at the time when at least a single complete bubble is generated at the input line port of the pressurized fluid (14), the cement slurry (15) having a gel strength at the corresponding time that is half the sum of the initial breaking pressure P1 and the final breaking pressure P2; at the initial setting of the cement paste (15), when the cement paste (15) at the inlet pipeline opening of the pressurized fluid (14) fluctuates, vibrates or fractures are generated, the pressure at the moment is measured as P3, and the gel strength of the cement paste (15) at the corresponding moment is represented.
2. The monitoring device according to claim 1, characterized in that the pressure chamber located at the side of the reactor (3) is connected with a plurality of input lines, at least one of which extends at least partially into the cement slurry (15) as a first instrumentation tube (12);
at least one further inlet line is arranged to extend into a pressure chamber on the side of the reactor (3), and at least part of the inlet line extending into the pressure chamber is a second side tube (13), wherein the reactor (3) surface is provided with a first viewing window (10) for viewing the first side tube (12) and a second viewing window (11) for viewing the second side tube (13).
3. The monitoring device according to claim 2, wherein when bubbles are formed and float up or fractures are generated at the input line orifice of the pressurized fluid, the real-time flow rate of the fluid fluctuates, and the pressure P corresponding to the moment of the fluctuation is defined as the gel strength of the cement slurry.
4. A device as claimed in claim 3, characterized in that said first tube (12) is arranged in a removable configuration, and said first tube (12) is kept parallel or perpendicular to the wall of said first viewing window (10) according to a predetermined clearance.
5. A device according to claim 4, characterised in that it has a pressure chamber for receiving cement paste, and at least one isolating membrane (5) arranged on top of the pressure chamber, and that the isolating membrane (5) is interposed between the pressure chamber and the first pressure chamber on top of the pressure chamber.
6. The use method of the device for monitoring the cement paste gel strength of the slide-resistant pile is characterized in that the use method can simulate the pressure state of the cement paste (15) at different depths of different layers and the invasion state of formation fluid through a pressure chamber, observe the microscopic change of the cement paste (15) at a pipe orifice of a pressurization pipeline through a window of the monitoring device, record the pressure value P related to the cement paste (15) gel strength at the same time according to the microscopic change, and record the pressure value P related to the cement paste (15) gel strength at the same time according to the microscopic change, wherein the step of recording the pressure value P related to the cement paste (15) gel strength at the same time according to the microscopic change comprises the following steps:
recording an initial breaking pressure P1 at a time before initial setting of the cement slurry (15) and when a predetermined size of bubbles is generated at an input line port of the pressurized fluid (14), and recording a final breaking pressure P2 at the time when at least a single complete bubble is generated at the input line port of the pressurized fluid (14), the cement slurry (15) having a gel strength at the corresponding time half of the sum of the initial breaking pressure P1 and the final breaking pressure P2; at the initial setting of the cement paste (15), when the cement paste (15) at the inlet pipeline opening of the pressurized fluid (14) fluctuates, vibrates or fractures are generated, the pressure at the moment is measured as P3, and the gel strength of the cement paste (15) at the corresponding moment is represented.
7. The use method according to claim 6, characterized in that, when the gel strength of the cement paste (15) is measured in a simulation mode, the real-time flow rate of the fluid is uniform along with the increase of the pressure in each input pipeline in the initial stage of pressurization, and when bubbles are formed and float up or cracks are generated at the pipe orifice of the first pressurization pipeline, the real-time flow rate of the fluid fluctuates, and the pressure P corresponding to the fluctuation moment is defined as the gel strength of the cement paste (15).
8. Use according to claim 6, wherein the cement paste (15) is contained in a pressure chamber, the top of which is connected with at least one first pressure chamber, through which an externally applied force in the vertical direction can be applied to the cement paste (15) for simulating the pressure conditions of the cement paste (15) at different depths of the layer.
9. Use according to claim 8, characterised in that at least one second pressure chamber is connected to the side of the pressure chamber, through which second pressure chamber an externally applied force in the transverse direction can be applied to the cement slurry (15) for simulating the pressure conditions corresponding to the invasion of the cement slurry (15) and cementing of the cement slurry (15) by formation fluids at different depths.
10. Method of use according to claim 9, characterized in that the pressure chamber is located in a reactor (3), to which reactor (3) a pressurized fluid pump unit is connected, by means of which pressurized fluid (14) can be injected into the first pressure chamber to simulate the pressure conditions of a cement slurry (15) at different depths of the formation,
wherein the pressurized fluid pump assembly has a buffer tank (6) for stabilizing the fluid pressure.
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| CN113899888A (en) | 2022-01-07 |
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