CN103292889B - Distributed optical fiber vibrating sensor vibration source locating method - Google Patents
Distributed optical fiber vibrating sensor vibration source locating method Download PDFInfo
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- CN103292889B CN103292889B CN201310194885.9A CN201310194885A CN103292889B CN 103292889 B CN103292889 B CN 103292889B CN 201310194885 A CN201310194885 A CN 201310194885A CN 103292889 B CN103292889 B CN 103292889B
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Abstract
The invention discloses a distributed optical fiber vibrating sensor vibration source locating method. In the distributed optical fiber vibrating sensor vibration source locating method, an optical pulse transmitter, an optical signal receiver and a signal processor are adopted, the optical signal receiver and the signal processor calculate a group of vibration signals distributed along an optical cable, and cross-correlation functions of the maximum vibration point and other positions are obtained by other relevant calculations. According to the cross-correlation functions, a vibration source can be located. Spatial position where vibration occurs can be located according to the spatial distribution features of the cross-correlation values of vibration.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to a kind of distributed optical fiber vibration sensor vibration source localization method.
Background technology
In 20 century 70 mid-terms, along with the development of light transmitting fiber and Fibre Optical Communication Technology, Fibre Optical Sensor starts to develop rapidly.Fibre Optical Sensor be take light wave as carrier, optical fiber is medium, the New Sensing Technology of perception and the extraneous measured signal of transmission, by measurand (as stress, temperature, pressure, electric field, magnetic field etc.), the transmission light in optical fiber is modulated, making to transmit the characteristics such as light intensity, phase place, frequency or polarization state changes, at receiving end, by modulated light signal is detected, draw a kind of novel sensor of measurand.Compare with traditional sensors, Fibre Optical Sensor has advantages of that it is unique, as extensive in non-contact measurement, highly sensitive, fast response time, anti-electromagnetic interference (EMI), UHV (ultra-high voltage) insulation, high-temperature corrosion resistance, burn-proof and explosion prevention, deflection flexibly, measuring object etc.Thereby aspect many heavy constructions, there is urgent application demand, as railway operation, water conservancy and hydroelectric project, bridge tunnel, large-scale exhibition center and meeting-place, oil and gas pipeline, large ship, the safety and health monitoring of environment and highway engineering etc. etc., aspect monitoring in real time, long distance control system on a large scale based on Fibre Optical Sensor, can be used for heavy construction scene and great politics, economical, the circumference security protection in military base, by real-time monitoring key area, when occurring, accident can accurately and timely be notified and confirm event occurrence positions, so that loss is dropped to bottom line.Therefore studying distributing optical fiber sensing positioning system is a problem that has very much application prospect and practical significance.
In recent years, the research of interference type distributed optical fiber sensor-based system gets the attention at aspects such as pipe detection, security protection detections.Due to based on phase-modulation principle, in interference signal, carry the active position information of signal message and signal, in order therefrom to isolate the positional information of signal, the interference type distributed optical fiber sensor-based system that multiple employing compound interference structure realizes location has been proposed.Adopt compound interference structure to realize the method for location, utilize the method location of time domain phase place ratio, by two-way interferometric demodulation phase place being divided by and being realized location in time domain.Yet this method is very high to the requirement of restituted signal, the interference superposeing on sensor fibre circuit will have a huge impact it, thereby positioning precision is lower.
In a word, distributed optical fiber sensing system belongs to phase modulation-type Fibre Optical Sensor in essence now, act on the external disturbance signal on optical fiber, according to photoelastic effect, the phase place that causes transmission light in optical fiber changes, by interference technique (wide spectrum light source interference), obtain the two-way interference light interference signal that comprises external disturbance information.Interference signal is carried out to the processing such as opto-electronic conversion, amplification, A/D conversion, obtain the digital signal that comprises external disturbance information.Interference for fear of vibration wave at a distance to guarded region, need to know the position of vibration source.When vibration source is after the distance of optical cable is greater than, not as analyzing and the information source of alarm.In order to obtain spatial information, the method that need to adopt signal to process, utilizes phase place reduction technique, from obtained digital signal, demodulates phase-changing signal.But in fact, the interference due to noise is difficult to reduce completely original vibration phase.Therefore, cross-correlation technique is studied a kind of common technique of signal correlation just, and it analyzes the correlativity of two paths of signals by cross correlation function, thereby obtains the curve of cross correlation function, thereby knows the variation of different distance Curve, and finds the variation of vibration source.
Summary of the invention
The present invention seeks to the deficiency existing for prior art, due to the interference of noise and other environmental factor, phase place reduction is difficult to the original vibration signal of reduction, thereby processes and bring a lot of troubles to signal.Cross-correlation technique is studied a kind of common technique of signal correlation just, and it analyzes the correlativity of two paths of signals by cross correlation function, thereby obtains the simple crosscorrelation curve between two signals.Not ideal enough in signal spectrum characteristic, or in the lower situation of signal to noise ratio (S/N ratio) S/N, the peak value of vibration source can be subject to the impact of noise, and the accuracy of precision and detection and location is exerted an influence.In order to slacken the impact of noise on vibration signal, we provide a kind of distributed optical fiber vibration sensor vibration source localization method, and it utilizes the curve of the cross correlation function of a plurality of signals to judge the position of vibration source.
The present invention for achieving the above object, adopts following technical scheme: a kind of distributed optical fiber vibration sensor vibration source localization method, comprises the steps:
(1) light pulse transmitter utilizing emitted light pulse;
(2) optical receiver receives above-mentioned light pulse, and intensity signal is converted to voltage signal;
(3) signal processor converts above-mentioned voltage signal to vibration signal; Now, on optical cable, each point can have a time dependent vibration signal
(t); Wherein,
(t) represent on optical cable from the centre of oscillation
distance is the vibration signal of z;
(4) in the signal processor of step (3),
(t) in, find out the centre of oscillation, the vibration signal in the centre of oscillation is designated as
(t); Wherein,
(t) represent on optical cable the vibration signal of close focus;
(5) in the signal processor of step (4), on each distance z point
(t) do cross-correlation calculation and obtain cross correlation function: R (z)=xcorr (
,
); Cross-correlation function value R (z) is carried out to computing, thus the position of judgement vibration source.
Further, the disposal route of described cross-correlation function value R (z) at least comprises:
A), the process of fitting treatment to functional value R (z): in test site, vibration source is fixed on to the position with a certain distance from optical cable, the curve data of a functional value R (z) is just recorded in every conversion once distance, functional value R (z) is carried out to matching with arbitrary function form, fitting coefficient has just formed corresponding relation with oscillation distances, according to this fitting coefficient, just obtains corresponding distance results; Or
B), the pattern recognition process to functional value R (z): in test site, vibration source is fixed on to the position with a certain distance from optical cable, every conversion curve data that once distance just records many functional value R (z) is as sample, every meter is made as a classification, the sample that surpasses preset distance is made as separately a new classification, and a plurality of samples are carried out to pattern drill; When the data to new are carried out distance calculating, the functional value R (z) calculating to be sent into the algorithm for pattern recognition module of training and classify, classification results is exactly distance results.
Further, obtaining the mathematical models that two of described cross correlation function receives signals is:
Wherein,
,
that average is 0 additive noise; Signal
,
with noise
,
uncorrelated.
Beneficial effect of the present invention: the method for optical fibre vibration sensor location was all to reduce based on phase place in the past, owing to being subject to the interference of noise and external environment, phase place while being difficult to phase place to revert to vibration, this has brought a lot of technical difficulties to our location.Therefore the correlativity that has proposed to utilize their cross correlation to analyze two paths of signals obtains their cross correlation, thereby obtains vibration source from the range information of optical cable.Concerning prior art, vibroseis location depends on wavefront healing, and wavefront healing needs can obtain shaking accurately phase information.Feature of the present invention be can be at vibration wave capable and phase place can not accurately recover that even phase place is completely not right in the situation that, also can calculate source location.
Accompanying drawing explanation
Fig. 1 vibration source positioning flow of the present invention figure.
Embodiment
Shown in Fig. 1, for a kind of distributed optical fiber vibration sensor vibration source localization method of the present invention, comprise the steps:
(1) light pulse transmitter utilizing emitted light pulse;
(2) optical receiver receives above-mentioned light pulse, and intensity signal is converted to voltage signal;
(3) signal processor converts above-mentioned voltage signal to vibration signal; Now, on optical cable, each point can have a time dependent vibration signal
(t); Wherein,
(t) represent on optical cable from the centre of oscillation
distance is the vibration signal of z;
(4) in the signal processor of step (3),
(t) in, find out the centre of oscillation, the vibration signal in the centre of oscillation is designated as
(t); Wherein,
(t) represent on optical cable the vibration signal of close focus;
(5) in the signal processor of step (4), on each distance z point
(t) do cross-correlation calculation and obtain cross correlation function: R (z)=xcorr (
,
); Cross-correlation function value R (z) is carried out to computing, thus the position of judgement vibration source.
Wherein, the disposal route of described cross-correlation function value R (z) at least comprises:
A), the process of fitting treatment to functional value R (z): in test site, vibration source is fixed on to the position with a certain distance from optical cable, the curve data of a functional value R (z) is just recorded in every conversion once distance, functional value R (z) is carried out to matching with arbitrary function form, fitting coefficient has just formed corresponding relation with oscillation distances, according to this fitting coefficient, just obtains corresponding distance results; Or
B), the pattern recognition process to functional value R (z): in test site, vibration source is fixed on to the position with a certain distance from optical cable, every conversion curve data that once distance just records many functional value R (z) is as sample, every meter is made as a classification, the sample that surpasses preset distance is made as separately a new classification, and a plurality of samples are carried out to pattern drill; When the data to new are carried out distance calculating, the functional value R (z) calculating to be sent into the algorithm for pattern recognition module of training and classify, classification results is exactly distance results.
Wherein, obtaining the mathematical models that two of described cross correlation function receives signals is:
Wherein,
,
that average is 0 additive noise; Signal
,
with noise
,
uncorrelated.
The foregoing is only preferred embodiment of the present invention, in order to limit the present invention, within the spirit and principles in the present invention not all, any modification of doing, be equal to replacement, improvement etc., within all should being included in protection scope of the present invention.
Claims (3)
1. a distributed optical fiber vibration sensor vibration source localization method, is characterized in that, comprises the steps:
(1) light pulse transmitter utilizing emitted light pulse;
(2) optical receiver receives above-mentioned light pulse, and intensity signal is converted to voltage signal;
(3) signal processor converts above-mentioned voltage signal to vibration signal; Now, on optical cable, each point can have a time dependent vibration signal x
z(t); Wherein, x
z(t) represent on optical cable from centre of oscillation x
0distance is the vibration signal of z;
(4) in the signal processor of step (3), at x
z(t) in, find out the centre of oscillation, the vibration signal in the centre of oscillation is designated as x
0(t); Wherein, x
0(t) represent on optical cable the vibration signal of close focus;
(5) in the signal processor of step (4), to the x on each distance z point
z(t) do cross-correlation calculation and obtain cross correlation function: R (z)=xcorr (x
0(t), x
z(t)); Cross-correlation function value R (z) is carried out to computing, thus the position of judgement vibration source.
2. a kind of distributed optical fiber vibration sensor vibration source localization method as claimed in claim 1, is characterized in that, the disposal route of described cross-correlation function value R (z) is at least comprised:
A), the process of fitting treatment to functional value R (z): in test site, vibration source is fixed on to the position with a certain distance from optical cable, the curve data of a functional value R (z) is just recorded in every conversion once distance, functional value R (z) is carried out to matching with arbitrary function form, fitting coefficient has just formed corresponding relation with oscillation distances, according to this fitting coefficient, just obtains corresponding distance results; Or
B), the pattern recognition process to functional value R (z): in test site, vibration source is fixed on to the position with a certain distance from optical cable, every conversion curve data that once distance just records many functional value R (z) is as sample, every meter is made as a classification, the sample that surpasses preset distance is made as separately a new classification, and a plurality of samples are carried out to pattern drill; When the data to new are carried out distance calculating, the functional value R (z) calculating to be sent into the algorithm for pattern recognition module of training and classify, classification results is exactly distance results.
3. a kind of distributed optical fiber vibration sensor vibration source localization method as claimed in claim 1, is characterized in that, two mathematical models that receive signal that obtain described cross correlation function are:
x
0(t)＝s
0(t)+n
0(t)
x
z(t)＝S
g(t)+n
x(t)
Wherein, n
0(t), n
z(t) be that average is 0 additive noise; Signal s
0(t), s
z(t) with noise n
0(t), n
z(t) uncorrelated.
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| CN103954349B (en) * | 2014-05-15 | 2016-09-14 | 安徽师范大学 | A kind of lateral register method of distributed optical fiber vibration sensing system |
| CN105698915B (en) * | 2016-03-01 | 2019-07-26 | 深圳艾瑞斯通技术有限公司 | A kind of optical fiber Recognition of Vibration Sources method and device, system |
| CN105841793A (en) * | 2016-04-15 | 2016-08-10 | 深圳艾瑞斯通技术有限公司 | Optical fiber vibration source identification method, device and system |
| CN105973449B (en) * | 2016-04-15 | 2019-03-12 | 深圳艾瑞斯通技术有限公司 | A kind of optical fiber Recognition of Vibration Sources method, apparatus and system |
| CN107356962B (en) * | 2017-07-14 | 2019-03-08 | 北京知觉科技有限公司 | Micro-seismic Signals localization method and device based on fibre optical sensor |
| CN107329933B (en) * | 2017-07-14 | 2020-06-19 | 北京知觉科技有限公司 | Fault detection method and device based on optical fiber sensing vibration signal |
| CN108931816B (en) * | 2018-08-17 | 2020-01-21 | 山东省科学院激光研究所 | Seismic source positioning method and device |
| CN109269452B (en) * | 2018-09-27 | 2020-10-27 | 武汉康普常青软件技术股份有限公司 | Approximate calculation method for vertical distance between vibration source and sensing channel based on DVS |
| CN111247401B (en) * | 2018-12-10 | 2022-04-01 | 合刃科技（深圳）有限公司 | Vibration source positioning device and method based on coherent light |
| CN109872505B (en) * | 2019-03-25 | 2021-02-02 | 武汉理工大学 | Highway guardrail alarm system and method based on optical fiber micro-vibration |
| CN110440901B (en) * | 2019-08-13 | 2021-08-17 | 郑州信大先进技术研究院 | Distributed optical fiber vibration sensing positioning method and device based on pulse accumulation |
| CN110672196B (en) * | 2019-08-22 | 2021-09-24 | 北京航天易联科技发展有限公司 | Mobile interference vibration source filtering method based on image operator |
| CN111397850B (en) * | 2020-04-20 | 2021-09-03 | 深圳市特发信息股份有限公司 | Vibration waveform and database sample analysis system for optical cable safety |
| CN111765958A (en) * | 2020-05-26 | 2020-10-13 | 山东大学 | Vibration type identification method and system based on distributed optical fiber vibration radial distance measurement |
| CN113985482B (en) * | 2021-10-28 | 2023-11-03 | 西安科技大学 | Ore earthquake focus positioning method based on underground coal mine communication optical cable |
| CN114777903B (en) * | 2022-04-27 | 2023-06-27 | 浙江大学 | Optical frequency domain reflectometer multipoint vibration detection method and device based on signal cross correlation |
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| US8395782B2 (en) * | 2004-06-15 | 2013-03-12 | Optellios, Inc. | Detection and location of boundary intrusion, using composite variables derived from phase measurements |
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| US7271884B2 (en) * | 2004-08-06 | 2007-09-18 | The United States Of America Represented By The Secretary Of The Navy | Natural fiber span reflectometer providing a virtual phase signal sensing array capability |
| CN101464166B (en) * | 2009-01-08 | 2012-05-02 | 北京航空航天大学 | Optical fiber distributed perturbation sensor and method for implementing perturbation positioning |
| CN102840909B (en) * | 2012-08-21 | 2014-04-30 | 天津大学 | Optical frequency domain reflection-distributed vibration frequency sensing and locating device and demodulation method |
| CN103017887A (en) * | 2012-12-11 | 2013-04-03 | 中国船舶重工集团公司第七〇五研究所 | Optical fiber vibration sensing system and detection method thereof |
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