CN103291050A - Mechanical locking of floor panels with vertical folding - Google Patents
Mechanical locking of floor panels with vertical folding Download PDFInfo
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- CN103291050A CN103291050A CN2013101898366A CN201310189836A CN103291050A CN 103291050 A CN103291050 A CN 103291050A CN 2013101898366 A CN2013101898366 A CN 2013101898366A CN 201310189836 A CN201310189836 A CN 201310189836A CN 103291050 A CN103291050 A CN 103291050A
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- panelling
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- tongue
- long edge
- minor face
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Images
Classifications
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- E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
- E04—BUILDING
- E04F—FINISHING WORK ON BUILDINGS, e.g. STAIRS, FLOORS
- E04F15/00—Flooring
- E04F15/02—Flooring or floor layers composed of a number of similar elements
- E04F15/02038—Flooring or floor layers composed of a number of similar elements characterised by tongue and groove connections between neighbouring flooring elements
-
- E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
- E04—BUILDING
- E04F—FINISHING WORK ON BUILDINGS, e.g. STAIRS, FLOORS
- E04F15/00—Flooring
- E04F15/02—Flooring or floor layers composed of a number of similar elements
-
- E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
- E04—BUILDING
- E04F—FINISHING WORK ON BUILDINGS, e.g. STAIRS, FLOORS
- E04F15/00—Flooring
- E04F15/02—Flooring or floor layers composed of a number of similar elements
- E04F15/04—Flooring or floor layers composed of a number of similar elements only of wood or with a top layer of wood, e.g. with wooden or metal connecting members
-
- E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
- E04—BUILDING
- E04F—FINISHING WORK ON BUILDINGS, e.g. STAIRS, FLOORS
- E04F2201/00—Joining sheets or plates or panels
- E04F2201/01—Joining sheets, plates or panels with edges in abutting relationship
- E04F2201/0138—Joining sheets, plates or panels with edges in abutting relationship by moving the sheets, plates or panels perpendicular to the main plane
-
- E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
- E04—BUILDING
- E04F—FINISHING WORK ON BUILDINGS, e.g. STAIRS, FLOORS
- E04F2201/00—Joining sheets or plates or panels
- E04F2201/01—Joining sheets, plates or panels with edges in abutting relationship
- E04F2201/0153—Joining sheets, plates or panels with edges in abutting relationship by rotating the sheets, plates or panels around an axis which is parallel to the abutting edges, possibly combined with a sliding movement
-
- E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
- E04—BUILDING
- E04F—FINISHING WORK ON BUILDINGS, e.g. STAIRS, FLOORS
- E04F2201/00—Joining sheets or plates or panels
- E04F2201/01—Joining sheets, plates or panels with edges in abutting relationship
- E04F2201/0169—Joining sheets, plates or panels with edges in abutting relationship by rotating the sheets, plates or panels around an axis which is perpendicular to the abutting edges and parallel to the main plane, possibly combined with a sliding movement
- E04F2201/0176—Joining sheets, plates or panels with edges in abutting relationship by rotating the sheets, plates or panels around an axis which is perpendicular to the abutting edges and parallel to the main plane, possibly combined with a sliding movement with snap action of the edge connectors
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- E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
- E04—BUILDING
- E04F—FINISHING WORK ON BUILDINGS, e.g. STAIRS, FLOORS
- E04F2201/00—Joining sheets or plates or panels
- E04F2201/02—Non-undercut connections, e.g. tongue and groove connections
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- E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
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- E04F—FINISHING WORK ON BUILDINGS, e.g. STAIRS, FLOORS
- E04F2201/00—Joining sheets or plates or panels
- E04F2201/05—Separate connectors or inserts, e.g. pegs, pins, keys or strips
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- E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
- E04—BUILDING
- E04F—FINISHING WORK ON BUILDINGS, e.g. STAIRS, FLOORS
- E04F2201/00—Joining sheets or plates or panels
- E04F2201/05—Separate connectors or inserts, e.g. pegs, pins, keys or strips
- E04F2201/0523—Separate tongues; Interlocking keys, e.g. joining mouldings of circular, square or rectangular shape
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- E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
- E04—BUILDING
- E04F—FINISHING WORK ON BUILDINGS, e.g. STAIRS, FLOORS
- E04F2201/00—Joining sheets or plates or panels
- E04F2201/05—Separate connectors or inserts, e.g. pegs, pins, keys or strips
- E04F2201/0523—Separate tongues; Interlocking keys, e.g. joining mouldings of circular, square or rectangular shape
- E04F2201/0535—Separate tongues; Interlocking keys, e.g. joining mouldings of circular, square or rectangular shape adapted for snap locking
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- E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
- E04—BUILDING
- E04F—FINISHING WORK ON BUILDINGS, e.g. STAIRS, FLOORS
- E04F2201/00—Joining sheets or plates or panels
- E04F2201/05—Separate connectors or inserts, e.g. pegs, pins, keys or strips
- E04F2201/0523—Separate tongues; Interlocking keys, e.g. joining mouldings of circular, square or rectangular shape
- E04F2201/0547—Separate tongues; Interlocking keys, e.g. joining mouldings of circular, square or rectangular shape adapted to be moved perpendicular to the joint edge
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- E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
- E04—BUILDING
- E04F—FINISHING WORK ON BUILDINGS, e.g. STAIRS, FLOORS
- E04F2201/00—Joining sheets or plates or panels
- E04F2201/05—Separate connectors or inserts, e.g. pegs, pins, keys or strips
- E04F2201/0523—Separate tongues; Interlocking keys, e.g. joining mouldings of circular, square or rectangular shape
- E04F2201/0564—Separate tongues; Interlocking keys, e.g. joining mouldings of circular, square or rectangular shape depending on the use of specific materials
- E04F2201/0576—Separate tongues; Interlocking keys, e.g. joining mouldings of circular, square or rectangular shape depending on the use of specific materials of metal
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- E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
- E04—BUILDING
- E04F—FINISHING WORK ON BUILDINGS, e.g. STAIRS, FLOORS
- E04F2201/00—Joining sheets or plates or panels
- E04F2201/05—Separate connectors or inserts, e.g. pegs, pins, keys or strips
- E04F2201/0523—Separate tongues; Interlocking keys, e.g. joining mouldings of circular, square or rectangular shape
- E04F2201/0564—Separate tongues; Interlocking keys, e.g. joining mouldings of circular, square or rectangular shape depending on the use of specific materials
- E04F2201/0588—Separate tongues; Interlocking keys, e.g. joining mouldings of circular, square or rectangular shape depending on the use of specific materials of organic plastics with or without reinforcements or filling materials
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- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Architecture (AREA)
- Civil Engineering (AREA)
- Structural Engineering (AREA)
- Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
- Wood Science & Technology (AREA)
- Floor Finish (AREA)
- Roof Covering Using Slabs Or Stiff Sheets (AREA)
Abstract
Floor panels (1, 1', 1' ' ) are shown, which are provided with a mechanical locking system on long and short edges (5a, 5b, 4a, 4b) allowing installation with vertical folding and where the long edge(5a, 5b) locking system prevents separation of the short edges (4a, 4b) during the folding action.
Description
The application is that application number is dividing an application of 200780049875.9 patent application, and the applying date of original application is on October 25th, 2007, and name is called " mechanical caging of the floor panel of realizing by vertical folding ".
Technical field
The present invention relates generally to the floor panel field with mechanical locking system, and this mechanical locking system has to make installs the movable joint tongue that is easy to flexibility.The invention provides new improved locking system and mounting method.
Background technology
Especially but without limitation, the present invention relates to a kind of mechanical locking system be used to the rectangle floor panel with long edge and minor face edge.Should emphasize that long edge and minor face edge only are to describe for simplifying.Floor panel can also be square.But the present invention can be applicable to panelling for building equally usually.More particularly, the present invention relates to regulate (angling) operation by single drift angle makes whole four edges edge of panelling lock onto mechanical locking system on other panellings, this mechanical locking system preferably includes flexible or the joint tongue of partially flexible and/or movable joint tongue and/or flexible bolt, in order to help the installation of panelling for building.
This floor panel has been described among the WO2006/043893, the document discloses the floor panel with locking system, this locking system comprises with latch recess and cooperating in order to carry out the locking member of horizontal lock, and cooperates with tongue groove so that Suo Ding flex tongue vertically.During the connection of floor panel, flex tongue makes and can or only by vertical movement panelling be installed by vertical folding (folding) at the horizontal in-plane bending." vertical folding " refers to this connection of three panellings: wherein first and second panellings are in connection status, and the single drift angle that is called as the new panelling of " folding panelling " is regulated two vertical edges that operation will this new panelling and is connected to this first and second panelling simultaneously.This connection takes place when for example the long edge of first panelling in first row has been connected to second the long edge of second panelling in capable.New folding panelling is regulated the long edge that is connected to first panelling in first row by the drift angle then.The drift angle adjusting operation that also connects this particular type of the minor face edge that newly folds panelling and second panelling is called as " vertical folding ".When panelling when subfloor tilts at a certain angle, as scissors, the minor face edge is folded together gradually, and is locked into another marginal portion from a marginal portion.Also can only reduce whole panelling by the vertical movement with respect to another panelling, to connect two panellings.The locking of this particular type is called as " vertically ".Being designed to pass through by first in the floor system of vertical folding locking often connects by vertically, one of them minor face edge by towards another minor face marginal lappet directly to pressing down.Other vertical folding that worked connects.Also can whole floor be installed by utilizing vertically to connect delegation.The whole drift angle of working is regulated and is connected to previous mounted row then.
Further described similar floor panel among the WO2003/016654, the document discloses the locking system that comprises the joint tongue with flexible tabs.This joint tongue extends substantially in vertical direction and is crooked, and the end of this lug cooperates to be used for vertically with tongue groove.
When the flexible portion horizontal movement at the drift angle at long edge conditioning period flex tongue or joint tongue, this vertically and vertical folding produce separating pressure at the minor face edge.The present inventor has analyzed several floor panels, and discovery exists during installation, and the minor face edge is pushed away and produce the grave danger in gap mutually between the marginal portion of minor face edge.This gap may hinder further installation, and floor panel can not connect.Also may the locking system of short edge be caused serious harm.Laterally promote floor board block towards the minor face edge during installation and can prevent the gap.But this mounting method is complicated and be difficult to use, and this is because as described below, in the time of in conjunction with the downward deviation at long edge, three operate necessary in conjunction with and use.
A) edge of new floor panel is contacted with first floor panel on being laid on the floor, and the long edge of new panelling must be pushed in angled position forward towards first panelling;
B) new panelling is being extruded and the position lateral displacement of the deviation that makes progress, and laterally is pressed against on the minor face edge that is laid on second panelling on the floor, to offset the back pressure of joint tongue;
C) must make new panelling finally downwards towards the floor deviation, and regulate operating period in the drift angle and must keep forward direction and lateral pressure.
The inventor finds, when panelling has little thickness and has the locking system of little compactness at long edge, perhaps comprises that the material with smooth surface for example during high density fiberboard (HDF), usually can take place to separate and installation question when the panelling core.This problem also may take place in short-term at panelling, and is perhaps relevant with the installation of first or last panelling in each row, and this is to be cut into smaller length so that the floor is suitable for the panelling of wall locations realizes because this installation is used usually.Extremely difficult certainly at the separation problem that use has in the panelling of any kind of locking system of firm flex tongue, this firm flex tongue produces the separating pressure of basic horizontal during vertical folding.This firm joint tongue is extremely important in the high-quality connected vertically many application of needs, and by known mounting method the panelling with this flex tongue to be installed be very difficult.
Summary of the invention
The present invention is intended to solve the separation problem in the floor that will install by vertical folding or vertically.
The definition of some terms
Hereinafter, the visible surface of mounted floor panel is called as " front ", and the opposite flank of facing the floor panel of subfloor is called as " back side ".Edge between the front and back is called as " trip edge "." horizontal plane " refers to the plane of the exterior section extension that is parallel to surface course.The tight juxtaposed top part at two adjacent bond edges of the floor panel of two joints defines " vertical plane " perpendicular to this horizontal plane jointly.
" joint " or " locking system " refers to coefficient linkage, and it vertically and/or flatly connects floor panel." mechanical locking system " refers to and can realize engaging under the situation of not using bonding adhesive.Mechanical locking system also can combine with gluing in many cases." be integral " to refer to and form en bloc with panelling or be connected to panelling in factory.
" flex tongue " refers to so independent joint tongue: this joint tongue has the length direction along the trip edge, forms the part of vertically system, and horizontal movement at least in part between lockup period.Whole joint tongue is for example flexible, and perhaps it can have and can bend to locked position or can be crooked and flexibility and the resilience part of the initial position that rebounds go back to.
" drift angle adjusting " refers to the connection that takes place by rotating, and during this rotates, angle takes place between two parts that connect or break away from connection change.When the drift angle adjusting related to the connection of two floor panels, angular movement is carried out like this: the top part of trip edge was in contact with one another at least in part during at least a portion of angular movement.
" drift angle adjusting locking system " refers to and can regulate vertically and the mechanical locking system that flatly is connected by the drift angle, this system is included in joint tongue and the groove of two neighboring edges of locking on the vertical direction, and the bolt with locking member in an edge of the panelling that is called as " bolt panelling ", latch recess on another edge of this locking member and the panelling that is called as " groove panelling " cooperates, and lock-in edge in the horizontal direction.Locking member and latch recess have the guide surface that locking member is guided to the roughly sphering in the latch recess, and lock and prevent the locking surface that occurred level separates between the edge.
" established angle " refers to when a panelling in two panellings that are in the starting stage of regulate installing the drift angle is in upwards the deviation position and is pressed against on the top edge that is tiled in another panelling on the subfloor by its top edge, normally used angle between these two panellings.Established angle is typically about 25 degree, and in this position, only has two contact points between bolt panelling and groove panelling.May exist between the connector therein under the very special situation of two above contact points, established angle is higher than 25 degree.
" 3 contact angles " refers at the drift angle conditioning period at least when having three contact points between the part of locking system, the angle between two floor panels.
" contact angle " refers to when the minor face edge of a panelling takes place initially contact with the part of the flex tongue of will horizontal movement and working in the vertically of short edge, folds the angle of panelling.
" guide angle " refer to the drift angle conditioning period on the bolt locking member and/or the guide surface of latch recess be in contact with one another, when perhaps contacting with the bottom part of the top part of locking member or latch recess respectively, the angle between two floor panels.Guide surface part normally sphering or that cut sth. askew is pushed the top edge of panelling toward each other in this part of drift angle conditioning period, and helps locking member to insert latch recess.Most of locking system of market sale has the guide angle of about 5 degree.
" lock angle " refer to the terminal stage of regulating operation in the drift angle when the generation of the locking surface that works on locking member and the latch recess initial be in contact with one another the time, the angle between two floor panels.Most of locking system has about 3 degree or littler lock angle.
" angle of friction " refers to when significantly increasing and angle during the displacement at long edge, obstruction edge at the drift angle conditioning period from established angle along the frictional force at long edge owing to regulate this true the making of working of plural contact point in the locking system in the drift angle.
The unit that " joint tongue pressure " refers to when joint tongue is in the precalculated position is the pressure of N." maximum joint tongue pressure " refers to the pressure of the joint tongue when joint tongue is in interior location during vertical folding, and " joint tongue pretension " refers to the pressure that is in the joint tongue of latched position when joint tongue is pressed against on the part of tongue groove.
Summary of the invention
The present invention relates to have one group of floor panel or the floating floor of mechanical locking system, this mechanical locking system will improve the installation of the floor panel of installing by vertical folding, and will hinder or prevent during installation the minor face fate from.
The present invention is based on first kind of basic comprehension, that is, this separation problem is main relevant with the locking system that is positioned at long edge.When the floor panelling relative to each other was in initial angled position, all known locking systems that are used for regulating by the drift angle locking panelling were very easy to along the joint displacement.When the floor panelling almost was in latched position, frictional force significantly increased under little angle.This means when angle is high and must be pushed by level so that when allowing to carry out vertical folding when the part of flex tongue that during the starting stage of vertical folding, the frictional force between the long edge is not enough to prevent the displacement of minor face edge.In most of locking systems, frictional force between the long edge increases under little angle, but this is a defective, because the minor face edge may separate, and the locking system on the minor face edge can not overcome the frictional force when low-angle and the minor face edge moved to together.Because panelling must be angled and by lateral compression during installation, therefore this separation makes and installs more complicatedly, and has the impaired grave danger of locking system on the minor face edge.
Main purpose of the present invention is, with prior art on the contrary, when being in angled position at long edge and increasing frictional force between the long edge before their the final latched position, solve separation problem between the minor face edge.The frictional force of the increase between the long edge can hinder or even prevent during the vertical folding when flex tongue extruding floor panel make it mutually away from the time the displacement along the joint at long edge, and it can hinder or even prevents the separation of the minor face edge between this installation period fully.
The present invention is based on second kind of understanding, that is, the compound action of long edge locked system and minor face edge locking system is necessary in being designed to the floor of installing by vertical folding.Long edge locked system and minor face edge locking system should fit each other, in order to provide simple, be easy to and install reliably.
According to the different aspect that attendant advantages is provided, the invention provides the new embodiment of the locking system that is positioned at long edge and minor face edge.Available area of the present invention is for example floor panel of laminate of Any shape and material; Especially the panelling that has the surfacing that comprises thermosetting resin, timber, HDF, facing or stone material.
According to first principle, the present invention includes the floor panel at the long edge with fixed system with lock, when panelling connected by vertical folding, this locking system hindered the displacement along joint under the big angle of the angle of using than current known technology.
An embodiment according to first principle the invention provides one group of essentially identical floor panel, and each described floor panel comprises long edge and minor face edge, and has and described floor panel all-in-one-piece first and second connectors.Connector is configured to connect adjacent edge.First connector is included in the bolt with upwards directed locking member of the edge of a floor panel, with the latch recess under shed at the neighboring edge place of another floor panel, to be used on perpendicular to the direction of neighboring edge, flatly connecting adjacent edge, second connector comprise the edge that is positioned at a floor panel perpendicular to the horizontally extending joint tongue in this edge, with the tongue groove of horizontal opening in the neighboring edge of another floor panel, to be used for connecting adjacent edge in vertical direction.The connector that is positioned at long edge is configured to regulate by the drift angle locked, and the connector that is positioned at short edge is configured to by vertical folding locked.The long edge configuration of the new panelling in second row becomes by the drift angle to regulate the long edge that is connected to first panelling in first row.The minor face edge of the new panelling in second row and the minor face edge of second panelling are configured to realize being connected by identical angular movement.When new panelling was pressed against the top edge of first panelling to become at least 10 angles of spending with respect to principal plane by top edge, the connector at long edge had contact point or the contact surface of at least three separation between the adjacent part of connector.
Because the floor panel according to first principle of the present invention has so long edge, namely, this long edge has three contact points at the deflection angle place of 10 degree, therefore will between long edge, produce very big frictional force, and this frictional force will hinder or prevent because the displacement of the minor face edge that the joint tongue pressure during the vertical folding causes.Advantage is to form and the location flex tongue at the minor face edge, and wherein initial contact point is near long edge, and for example in the distance apart from the long about 15mm in edge, this makes can carry out vertically in the very big length of minor face edge.
If 3 contact angles are greater than 10 degree, preferably 15 degree or higher then can obtain improved installation function in certain embodiments.In other embodiments, need or even spend to realize be easy to install greater than 20 greater than 18 degree.
According to second principle of the present invention, the position of the preferred flex tongue of short edge and shape and the locking system on the long edge feasible when panelling from the downward deviation of established angle during to contact angle, when flex tongue because vertical folding operation and when adjacent minor face edge takes place initially to contact, and when the first flexible edge's horizontal movement that causes flex tongue and the horizontal separation pressure that produces the minor face edge are regulated in further drift angle, the frictional force at long edge, edge will increase.
An embodiment according to this second principle the invention provides one group of essentially identical floor panel, and each described floor panel comprises long edge and minor face edge, and has and described floor panel all-in-one-piece first and second connectors.Connector is configured to connect adjacent edge.First connector is included in the bolt with upwards directed locking member of the edge of a floor panel, with the latch recess under shed at the neighboring edge place of another floor panel, to be used on perpendicular to the direction of neighboring edge, flatly connecting adjacent edge, second connector comprise the edge that is positioned at a floor panel perpendicular to the horizontally extending joint tongue in this edge, with the tongue groove of horizontal opening in the neighboring edge of another floor panel, to be used for connecting adjacent edge in vertical direction.The connector that is positioned at long edge is configured to regulate by the drift angle locked, and the connector that is positioned at short edge is configured to by vertical folding locked.The long edge configuration of the new panelling in second row becomes by the drift angle to regulate the long edge that is connected to first panelling in first row.The minor face edge of the new panelling in second row and the minor face edge of second panelling are configured to realize being connected by identical angular movement.The joint tongue that is positioned on the minor face edge is made by independent material, is connected to the connection groove, and has flexible portion, and this flexible portion has the edge section near the long edge of first panelling.This edge section is configured to horizontal movement during folding, and cooperates in order in vertical direction floor panel is locked together with tongue groove in the adjacent short sides edge.First and second connectors that are positioned on the long edge are configured to: when using identical pressure and under the situation of upper joint edges contact panelling is pressed mutually, the frictional force at the long edge, edge under established angle is less than the described frictional force under contact angle.Established angle is 25 degree, and contact angle is corresponding to the initial smaller angle that contacts between edge section and the adjacent short sides edge.
The frictional force of the increase between the long edge under contact angle can obtain by the plurality of optional mode, for example by increasing the pressure between the contact point, and/or by increasing between first and second connectors size at the contact surface at contact point place, and/or by contact point is increased to 3 or be increased to 4 from 3 from 2.
According to the 3rd principle of the present invention, the locking system on the long edge has rubbing device, thereby when only having two contact points between the connector on the long edge, in angled position, the frictional force at long edge, edge is with higher.
An embodiment according to this 3rd principle the invention provides one group of essentially identical floor panel, and each described floor panel comprises long edge and minor face edge, and has and described floor panel all-in-one-piece first and second connectors.Connector is configured to connect adjacent edge.First connector is included in the bolt with upwards directed locking member of the edge of a floor panel, with the latch recess under shed at the neighboring edge place of another floor panel, to be used on perpendicular to the direction of neighboring edge, flatly connecting adjacent edge, second connector comprise the edge that is positioned at a floor panel perpendicular to the horizontally extending joint tongue in this edge, with the tongue groove of horizontal opening in the neighboring edge of another floor panel, to be used for connecting adjacent edge in vertical direction.The connector that is positioned at long edge is configured to regulate by the drift angle locked, and the connector that is positioned at short edge is configured to by vertical folding locked.The long edge configuration of the new panelling in second row becomes by the drift angle to regulate the long edge that is connected to first panelling in first row.The minor face edge of the new panelling in second row and the minor face edge of second panelling are configured to realize being connected by identical angular movement.The joint tongue that is positioned on the minor face edge is made by independent material, be connected to the connection groove, and have flexible portion, this flexible portion is configured to horizontal movement during folding, and cooperates in order in vertical direction floor panel is locked together with tongue groove in the adjacent short sides edge.First and second connectors on the long edge comprise rubbing device, and this rubbing device is configured to when panelling is in the angle that only has two contact points between first and second connectors, increase the frictional force along long edge.
When having three or more contact points in locking system, rubbing device can work under smaller angle or be inoperative
The 3rd principle provides following advantage, namely, even under wide-angle, for example under established angle, frictional force along long edge also can be higher, and this principle can be used in conjunction with such mounting method, wherein, shown in Fig. 4 b and 4c, the edge of flex tongue is compressed by the displacement at long edge during the starting stage of vertical folding.Rubbing device will prevent or hinder during vertical folding along the displacement at long edge and the separation of minor face edge.
This rubbing device can be included on the part of locking system, the parts that form of the machinery that forms in the use rotary cutter on the joint tongue and/or on the bolt or pressure wheel for example, for example little lug boss.They also can comprise and being applied in the locking system in order to increase along chemicals or the granule of the frictional force at long edge.
According to the 4th principle of the present invention, the floor system that has locking system at long edge and minor face edge is provided, wherein can lock floor panel by vertical folding, and the position of the preferred flex tongue on the minor face edge, shape and material behavior combine with length edge locked system, this length edge locked system comprises connector, this connector makes a floor panel being cut into 20cm length to be connected to another floor panel in the delegation by vertical folding, and the friction between the long edge will prevent the minor face fate from.
An embodiment according to this 4th principle the invention provides one group of essentially identical floor panel, and each described floor panel comprises long edge and minor face edge, and has and described floor panel all-in-one-piece first and second connectors.Connector is configured to connect adjacent edge.First connector is included in the bolt with upwards directed locking member of the edge of a floor panel, with the latch recess under shed at the neighboring edge place of another floor panel, to be used on perpendicular to the direction of neighboring edge, flatly connecting adjacent edge, second connector comprise the edge that is positioned at a floor panel perpendicular to the horizontally extending joint tongue in this edge, with the tongue groove of horizontal opening in the neighboring edge of another floor panel, to be used for connecting adjacent edge in vertical direction.The connector that is positioned at long edge is configured to regulate by the drift angle locked, and the connector that is positioned at short edge is configured to by vertical folding locked.The long edge configuration of the new panelling in second row becomes by the drift angle to regulate the long edge that is connected to first panelling in first row.The minor face edge of the new panelling in second row and the minor face edge of second panelling are configured to realize being connected by identical angular movement.The joint tongue that is positioned on the minor face edge is made by independent material, be connected to the connection groove, and have flexible portion, this flexible portion is configured to horizontal movement during folding, and cooperates in order in vertical direction floor panel is locked together with tongue groove in the adjacent short sides edge.Connector on long edge and the minor face edge is configured to: when described panelling is in contact position under the established angle and during vertical folding, second panelling and new panelling can not be subjected to displacement away from another panelling, and one of wherein said panelling is cut into the length of about 20cm.
The 4th principle has the following advantages: even when panelling is cut into fritter and is installed in the delegation as first panelling or last panelling, the separation of minor face edge also can be installed and can not take place to the floor panel with this locking system with high accuracy.Approximately the separation of 0.01mm is for throwing into question and undesirable gap is enough, and this gap visible or moisture in floor surface can infiltrate joint at this place.
Second target of the present invention provides a kind of mounting method that connects floor panel by vertical folding.This panelling has the drift angle that is positioned on the long edge and regulates locking system and the vertical folding system that is positioned on the minor face edge, to be used for vertically and flatly locking panelling, wherein first panelling and second panelling are tiled on the subfloor under the interconnective situation in long edge, it is characterized in that this method may further comprise the steps:
A) the long edge of angled new panelling is contacted with the top part at the long edge of first panelling;
B) the minor face edge of new panelling is contacted with the minor face edge of second panelling, thereby by the locking system on long edge and/or the minor face edge new panelling is remained on this position;
C) press the minor face edge section of new panelling towards subfloor downwards, thereby by vertical folding first panelling, second panelling and the 3rd panelling are interconnected.
This mounting method makes it possible to for example by the top part of locking member and the bottom part of latch recess floor panel be remained on the upwards position of deviation.This will help to install, because setter can change to the position that is suitable for pressing towards subfloor the minor face edge section of this panelling downwards with the position of hand from the position that makes panelling be in established angle.Its advantage is, with top edge be pressed together at a certain angle, the lateral press panelling with avoid the minor face fate from and the combination operation that panelling folds into downwards on the floor can be avoided, and by three separation and independently operation substitute.
The 3rd target of the present invention provides and can be used on long edge and/or the minor face edge and especially be designed to reduce the new locking system of separation problem or the combination of locking system.These locking systems can be used for floor board block or the panelling for building at minor face edge and/or long edge connection any kind certainly separately.
First aspect according to this 3rd target, a kind of flex tongue is provided, described flex tongue comprises two flexible portions, namely, be arranged in the displacement groove interior section inner flexible part and be positioned at the outside flexible portion at the exterior section place of displacement groove, this outside flexible portion is locked in the tongue groove of neighboring edge of another panelling.Interior section preferably has more flexibility than exterior section, and preferably can carry out displacement greatly than the exterior section with higher rigidity of vertically panelling.The invention enables and intensity can be combined with low displacement resistance.
According to the second aspect of this 3rd target, the minor face edge locking system with preferably flexible joint tongue with can combine by the tongue lock system that the compactness that locks is regulated in the drift angle.This locking system is cost-effective, and geometry is favourable, and can be used for designing the locking system that produces very big frictional force at the drift angle conditioning period along long edge.The alternative long edge locked system with outstanding bolt in all above-mentioned principles and method of this tongue lock.Second connector that this embodiment of the present invention has first connector of the edge that is positioned at a floor panel and a neighboring edge place that is positioned at another floor panel is to be used for flatly and vertically to be connected neighboring edge, this first connector comprises joint tongue, have upwards directed locking member in the top of this joint tongue part, this second connector comprises and is arranged in the latch recess that side is cut the downward extension of tongue groove.In this embodiment, at the connector at long edge even be configured to regulate locking by the drift angle, be configured to lock by vertical folding at the connector of minor face edge.As example, can point out, according to first principle, when new panelling pressed the top edge of first panelling to become at least 10 angles of spending with respect to principal plane by top edge, the connector at long edge had contact point or the contact surface of at least three separation between the adjacent part of connector.
According to the third aspect of this 3rd target, provide to have the preferably minor face edge locking system of flex tongue, this locking system hinders or prevents long edge dislocation during vertical folding.As mentioned before, this locking system is included in the bolt with locking member in the bolt panelling and independent flex tongue, and tongue groove and latch recess in folding panelling.The locking surface of latch recess is vertical substantially, is parallel to vertical plane VP, and preferably has 0.1 times the height that is at least the ground plate thickness.This locking system is preferably designed so that: when not contacting between folding panelling and the flex tongue, locking member contacts with the bottom part of the locking surface of latch recess by the top part of its locking surface under lock angle.When joint tongue when further the drift angle conditioning period contacts with folding panelling, vertical substantially locking surface will prevent separation.In a preferred embodiment, the part of locking surface is arranged on the protuberance and cavity.
Clearly, two or more in the principle mentioned above in addition all can in conjunction with, and whole embodiment of the locking system of describing among the application ground capable of being combined or use individually is to connect long edge and/or minor face edge.Accompanying drawing only be used for to show the example of different embodiment, the compound mode that these examples can be different will interconnective identical panelling type or long edge and the minor face edge of different panelling types use.The long edge of panelling and/or all locking systems on the minor face edge can form with core, and perhaps they can comprise independent material, independent joint tongue and/or bolt for example, and it can combine with floor panel or be connected during installation.Even latch recess and/or tongue groove can be made by independent material.This means that the present invention also comprises the monolithic locking system that is positioned on the minor face edge, wherein for example joint tongue and/or bolt and/or locking member are flexible to the part of this locking system, and preferably include based on the material of wood fiber HDF for example, suppose that this locking system produces separating force between lockup period, it can lock by vertical folding.Independent material based on wood fiber also can for example be fixedly attached to panel edge by bonding, and this material can be machined into locking system by the mode identical with above-mentioned integrated system.
The present invention can be used for all types of floors.But, the present invention is particularly suitable for wherein along the short panelling of the low for example 40-120cm of the frictional force at long edge, wherein flex tongue is long and will produce the width of big joint tongue pressure above the wide panelling of 20cm, and wherein in locking system owing to the surface of very smooth and low friction causes the low panelling that for example has the core that HDF, close bed pressing plate or plastic material etc. make of frictional force.The present invention also can be used for thickness for example be 6-9mm, more preferably 8mm and thinner thin panelling, especially can be used for such panelling: this panelling has compact locking system at long edge, for example have the bolt that is shorter than 6mm, this is because this floor panel and this locking system will have the low little contact surface of frictional force.
Can realize a plurality of advantages by the floor system according to the one or more structures in the above-mentioned principle.First advantage is and can realizes installing by simple mode, do not need during installation to apply lateral pressure in order to prevent floor board block and separate at minor face edge place.Second advantage is possible cause the danger of the edge separation that locking system breaks during folding obviously to reduce.The 3rd advantage is that locking system can form and has the firmer joint tongue that has more rigidity, and the intensity that this joint tongue can be higher and very big joint tongue pretension come the vertically panelling.During vertical folding, have very big maximum joint tongue pressure and this joint tongue of pretension and will produce high separating force in latched position.The 4th advantage is that flex tongue can be near location, long edge, although and this flex tongue will still can obtain reliable lock function at higher contact angle place generation separating pressure.
Can measure initial contact friction force and installation frictional force according to following principle.When should contacting with the minor face edge for the first time in first edge section of the flex tongue that works in vertically during the starting stage of vertical folding operation, measures the contact angle of new floor board block and first floor board block.Contact friction force along the long edge of 200mm sample should be measured under this contact angle when the conventional setting pressure that uses 10N press panelling mutually.Frictional force is installed should be measured according to same procedure under the established angle of 25 degree.Contact friction force should be than setting pressure height about at least 50%.
In the locking system comprise frame for movement for example the rubbing device at protuberance, napping fiber, scraping edge etc. be easy to detect.Chemicals is difficult to detect.
If unclear frame for movement, chemicals, dipping, coating, the independent material of having used waits to be increased in frictional force between the floor panel under the established angle, then should use another kind of method to measure because the frictional force of the increase that rubbing device causes.Having should be by identical original floor panel and core material production with the new locking system of the essentially identical design of primary sample.Frictional force should be measured under identical established angle and pressure, and the frictional force between two samples, between primary sample and the fresh sample should compare.Certainly, this method of testing is supposed the material that whole core does not comprise increases frictional force.
That sells on the market is a large amount of tested based on the floor panel of HDF, and the result shows, uses the pressure of 10N to have about 10N or lower frictional force usually with the sample with the long edge of 200mm that 25 angles of spending are pressed against on another long edge.Can not prevent minor face edge displacement during vertical folding to such an extent as to this frictional force is too low.Rubbing device can significantly increase frictional force.
Contact angle is defined as: the angle of the new panelling when an edge initially contacts with the part of the flex tongue of will displacement and working in vertical folding.For example, can have protuberance in the edge of joint tongue, this protuberance can not cause any bigger horizontal pressure force during vertical folding.This protuberance and similar device should not be counted as the part of flex tongue.
Unless offer some clarification in addition, otherwise all of " one/one/should [element, structure, parts, device, step etc.] " described at least one example all should be interpreted as referring to described element, structure, parts, device, step etc. openly.
Description of drawings
Fig. 1 a-d illustrates the locking system of prior art.
Fig. 2 a-b illustrates the flex tongue of the prior art during the lock operation.
Fig. 3 a-b is illustrated in the floor panel that has the mechanical locking system of prior art on the minor face edge.
Fig. 4 a-d illustrates the minor face edge that how locks two floor panels according to prior art by vertical folding.
Fig. 5 a-e illustrates the embodiment of the minor face edge locking system that can be used in combination with the present invention.
Fig. 6 a-c illustrates according to the movable joint tongue in the embodiments of the invention.
Fig. 7 a-d illustrates the 3D view of the separation between the panelling during the vertical folding.
Fig. 8 a-d illustrates the separating pressure of the joint tongue on the minor face edge between installation period.
Fig. 9 a-o illustrates the locking system of a large amount of uses on the market, and the contact point between the surface in regulate this system carry out being between installation period various angles by the drift angle.
Figure 10 a-c illustrates the embodiment according to the long edge locked system of the angle of frictions with 10 degree of the present invention.
Figure 11 a-c illustrates the embodiment according to the long edge locked system of the angle of frictions with 15 degree of the present invention.
Figure 12 a-c illustrates the position of long according to an embodiment of the invention edge and minor face edge locking system and flex tongue.
Figure 13 a-d illustrates the embodiment of the panelling position that is in contact angle.
Figure 14 a-d illustrates the position of relevant with long edge according to an embodiment of the invention flex tongue.
Figure 15 a-c illustrates the embodiment that has rubbing device according to of the present invention.
Figure 16 a-d illustrates the method for the frictional force of measuring all angles place according to an embodiment of the invention.
Figure 17 a-c illustrates the optional embodiment that has three contact points according to of the present invention.
Figure 18 a-c illustrates other the optional embodiment that has three contact points according to of the present invention.
Figure 19 a-c illustrates other the optional embodiment that has two and three contact points of the friction of producing according to of the present invention.
Figure 20 a-c illustrates the optional embodiment that has four contact points of the angle that is in 20 degree according to of the present invention.
Figure 21 a-d illustrates the flex tongue with two flexible portions.
Figure 22 a-c illustrates the installation that has the panelling of flex tongue according to of the present invention.
Figure 23 a-b illustrates the tongue lock fixed system.
Figure 24 a-e illustrates the locking system that can be used among the present invention.
Figure 25 a-c illustrates the method for measuring contact point.
Figure 26 a-d illustrates the embodiments of the invention with vertically surface.
Figure 27 a-c illustrates the locking system that is positioned on long edge and the minor face edge according to of the present invention.
The specific embodiment
Fig. 1-6 and associated description have hereinafter illustrated the embodiment that has announced, and are used for explaination cardinal principle of the present invention, and the example that can be used for the embodiment among the present invention is shown.Shown embodiment only is example.Should emphasize that all types of flex tongue and the single-piece joint tongue that can use can be used in the locking system that can carry out vertical folding and/or vertically, but and the applying portion of this description form a part of the present invention.
The floor panel 1,1 ' of the prior art with mechanical locking system and movable joint tongue is described with reference to Fig. 1 a-1d.
The cross section of the joint between the minor face edge trip edge 4a of the schematically illustrated panelling 1 of Fig. 1 a and the relative short edge edge trip edge 4b of second panelling 1 '.
The front of panelling is positioned in the public horizontal plane HP substantially, and the top part 21 of trip edge 4a, 4b, 41 is abutted against in vertical plane VP mutually.Mechanical locking system is D1 and the upward mutual locking of realization floor panel of horizontal direction D2 in the vertical direction.
For two trip edges are engaged at D1 and D2 direction, the edge of floor panel is called as hereinafter in a manner known way on the trip edge of " bolt panelling " and has the bolt 6 that has locking member 8, this locking member 8 cooperates with latch recess 14 in another trip edge that hereinafter is called as " folding panelling ", and horizontal lock is provided.
The mechanical locking system of prior art comprises independent flex tongue 30, and this joint tongue 30 is fixed therein in the displacement groove 40 that forms in the trip edge.Flex tongue 30 has the concave part P1 that is arranged in displacement groove 40 and is projected into the protuberance P2 of displacement groove 40 outsides.The protuberance P2 of the flex tongue 30 in trip edge cooperates with the tongue groove 20 that forms in another trip edge therein.
Flex tongue can be wedge shape, and can be locked in the tongue groove by pretension, and this pretension will fold panelling 1 ' and be pressed against on the bolt panelling.This embodiment will realize very firm high-quality joint.
Fig. 3 a illustrates the cross section A-A of seeing from above according to the panelling of Fig. 3 b.Flex tongue 30 has the length L along the trip edge, is parallel to horizontal plane and perpendicular to the width W of length L, and the thickness T of D1 vertically.The summation of the protuberance P2 of maximum concave part P1 and maximum is overall width TW.In this embodiment, flex tongue also has centre portion MS and two the edge section ESs adjacent with this centre portion.In this embodiment, the size of protuberance P2 and concave part P1 changes along length L, and joint tongue and two turning section 9a and 9b are spaced apart.Flex tongue 30 has friction connecting portion 36 on an edge section therein, and this friction connecting portion 36 can for example be configured as local little vertical protrusion.During installation, perhaps when the production of flex tongue under the situation that factory and floor panel are combined into one, packing with between the delivery period, this connecting portion that rubs remains on flex tongue in the displacement groove 40.
Fig. 2 a and 2b are illustrated in the position of carrying out flex tongue 30 after first displacement towards the bottom 44 of displacement groove 40.This displacement mainly is to be parallel to the crooked flex tongue 30 of width W by the length direction L in flex tongue 30 to cause.This feature is that the prior art institute is requisite.The embodiment of market sale has the maximum joint tongue pressure of about 20N.
Folding panelling can be broken away from connection by means of needle tool, and this needle tool can be inserted tongue groove 20 from turning section 9b, and flex tongue is pushed back in the displacement groove 40.Then, when the bolt panelling still is positioned on the subfloor, can make the folding panelling deviation that makes progress.Certainly, also can panelling be broken away from by traditional approach connects.
Fig. 4 a illustrates an embodiment of vertical folding.First panelling 1 ' of first row among the R1 ' be connected to second panelling 1 among the second row R2.New panelling 1 ' with the conventional established angle of about 25-30 degree by its long edge 5a towards first panelling 1 ' ' long edge 5b move, be pressed against on the neighboring edge, and utilize the drift angle adjusting to be connected to the long edge 5b of first panelling by its long edge 5a.The minor face edge 4a that operation also is connected to the minor face edge 4b of new panelling 1 ' second panelling 1 is regulated in this drift angle.Vertical and rotational motion by along the combination of vertical plane VP will fold panelling 1 ' and be locked on the bolt panelling 1.Protuberance P2 has folded part P2 ' sphering and/or angled, and this folded part P2 ' cooperates mutually with the slidingsurface 23 of folding panelling 1 ' during folding.The compound action of the slidingsurface 32 of folded part P2 ' and the joint tongue that cooperates with the slidingsurface 23 of folding panelling 1 ' during folding helps first displacement of flex tongue 30.The substantive characteristics of this embodiment is the position with turning section 9a and the isolated protuberance P2 of 9b.This be spaced apart trip edge-in the case for visible minor face edge 4a-length at least 10%.
Fig. 4 b-c illustrates embodiment and the optional mounting method of one group of floor panel with movable joint tongue.In this embodiment, the length of joint tongue surpass panelling the front width W S 90%, in other preferred embodiment, the length of joint tongue preferably from the width W S in front 75% to substantially with scope that this width W S equates in.Preferably, the length of the joint tongue overall width that is approximately panelling deducts the width of locking system of the neighboring edge of panelling.But the end of its outer edges place arranges little inclined-plane, but the length of the straight part of the joint tongue at its outer edges place preferably equals the length of joint tongue substantially, perhaps wish greater than its 90%.New panelling 1 ' is in angled position, wherein first panelling 1 ' of the top part of trip edge in capable with first ' contact.Minor face edge 4a and 4b are spaced from each other.As in Fig. 4 b as seen, new panelling 1 ' is then towards 1 lateral displacement of second panelling, 4a contacts substantially with 4b until the minor face edge, and the part of flex tongue 15 is pressed in the displacement groove 40.New panelling 1 ' is folded downwards towards second panelling 1 then.Because the displacement of new panelling 1 ' only is expressed to the edge section of flex tongue 30 in the displacement groove 40, therefore can under the less situation of resistance, carry out vertical folding.Can install by having straight outer peripheral movable joint tongue.See Fig. 2-4 when having known arc joint tongue 30() panelling when being mounted, whole joint tongue must be pressed into the displacement groove.During when more known arc joint tongue and according to joint tongue of the present invention, for the joint tongue with identical spring constant (for per unit length of joint tongue), need less power.Therefore, the joint tongue that can use per unit length to have taller springs constant and higher bounce, thereby the final location more reliably of realizing joint tongue.Utilize this mounting method, the slidingsurface of cutting sth. askew of folding panelling is optional, perhaps can be less, and this is favourable in thin panelling.The defective of the method is, new panelling must be angled and by lateral compression during vertical folding.All embodiment that Fig. 4 c illustrates joint tongue can be positioned on the folding panelling.Certainly, need carry out some adjustment.
It is normally favourable that joint tongue is positioned on the bolt panelling, and this is because part sphering or that cut sth. askew on the folding panelling can be used for helping the flexible portion displacement of joint tongue.The embodiment that having shown in Fig. 4 d is positioned at the joint tongue on the folding panelling has such defective: namely, joint tongue must slide against the sharp edges of panel surface.
Joint tongue can be made of plastic material, and can be for example by injection-molded production.Utilize this production method, but the 3D shape of the various complexity of low-cost production, and flex tongue can easily interconnect to form the joint tongue base substrate.Joint tongue also can be made by plastics that extrude or machining or metal section, and these plastics or metal section can for example further be shaped to form flex tongue by punching press.Except extra production stage, the defective of extruding is to be difficult to for example strengthen joint tongue by fiber.
Can use the polymeric material of any kind, for example PA(nylon), POM, PC, PP, PET or PE or have the above similar item of the characteristic described in different embodiment.When using when injection-molded, for example can use glass fiber, Kevlar fiber, carbon fiber or talcum or chalk to strengthen these plastic materials.Preferable material is glass fiber, is preferably enhancing PP or the POM of overlength.
Fig. 5 a-5e illustrates the embodiment that can be used for locking the flex tongue 30 of minor face edge according to of the present invention.Fig. 5 a illustrates the independent joint tongue 30 that has on the folding panelling of being positioned at of upwardly extending flexible buckle lug.Fig. 5 b illustrates the independent joint tongue 30 on the bolt panelling of being positioned at of flexible buckle lug with downward extension.Fig. 5 c illustrates the independent joint tongue that is arranged in the flexible buckle lug of having of displacement groove 40.According to the same principle shown in Fig. 5 a and the 5b, the buckle lug can extend up or down, and can be positioned on the bolt panelling or be positioned on the folding panelling.Fig. 5 d illustrates the flex tongue that comprises the protuberance shown in Fig. 6 a, and these protuberances can be arranged in displacement groove 40, perhaps extends to the tongue groove 20 from vertical plane.Fig. 5 e illustrates joint tongue 30 and can form with panelling, and can realize locking owing to the compression of the fiber of planking stuff or part and/or the bending of bolt 6.
Fig. 6 a-c illustrates the embodiment of the spendable joint tongue 30 according to the present invention.These joint tongues all are configured to insert the groove in the floor panel.Fig. 6 a illustrates the flex tongue 30 with flexible protuberance 16.Fig. 6 b illustrates arc joint tongue 30, and Fig. 6 c illustrates the joint tongue 30 with flexible buckle lug 17.
The flex tongue that is similar to the embodiment shown in Fig. 1-4,5d, 6a and the 6b for example also can be made by the material based on wood fibre, for example HDF, solid wood or have a plurality of layers veneer.Especially, if be designed to be basically parallel to the fiber orientation acquisition flexibility of HDF fiber, then can make very firm and flexible joint tongue by HDF.
Fig. 7 a-d divided for four steps showed to utilize installation that vertical folding carries out and the problem relevant with this installation.In order to simplify description, illustrate an embodiment with the flex tongue 30 that is positioned on the bolt panelling.As the preamble explanation, joint tongue can be positioned on the folding panelling.New panelling 1 ' with established angle by its long edge 5a towards first panelling 1 ' ' long edge move, contact until top edge.After this, new panelling is by lateral displacement, and up to shown in Fig. 7 a, minor face edge 4b contacts with minor face edge with the second adjacent panelling in the delegation.Then, shown in Fig. 7 b, new panelling 1 ' is folded to contact angle by downward bias, and this moment, the marginal portion 30 ' of flex tongue 30 initially contacted with the minor face edge of new panelling 1 ' for the first time.Further the drift angle regulate-it should carry out under contacted situation between the minor face edge-major part of level promotion flex tongue little by little in order to realize best function, and the flexibility of joint tongue will produce increased pressure, and this pressure may be pushed minor face edge 4a and 4b open mutually.Shown in Fig. 7 c, will produce undesirable clearance G.In many cases, locking member 8 can not retract the minor face edge of panelling, and this is because the friction that is between the little angle duration edge when panelling is very big, and shown in Fig. 7 d, will keep clearance G at access phase.This can cause in locking system and break or other infringement.Because moisture can easily infiltrate joint, even therefore the very little residual gap of 0.01-0.1mm also can cause serious problems.
Fig. 8 a-8d is shown specifically the separation problem that flex tongue 30 causes.According to Fig. 8 a, panelling 1,1 ' is in contact angle, and wherein the slidingsurface 23,32 of folding panelling 1 ' and flex tongue contacts.The flexibility that Fig. 8 b and 8c illustrate joint tongue will produce separating pressure SP, not press together if panelling is mounted the person, and then this separating pressure may make panelling 1,1 ' be separated from each other and produce clearance G.Fig. 8 d illustrates the panelling with permanent gap G that is in latched position.In the case, bolt 6 is bent, and locking member 8 only partly is arranged in latch recess 14.In the worst case, in locking member 8, have the crack, and panelling can not flatly be locked in short edge.
Fig. 9 a-9o is illustrated in by the drift angle and regulates a large amount of three kinds of drift angles adjusting locking systems that use in the traditional floor that locks.Fig. 9 a-c illustrates the floor panel of the established angle A that is in 25 degree.In this position, between first and second connectors, only there are two contact point CP3, CP2 or CP3, CP4.Always there are top contact point CP3 or contact surface at the upper joint edges place, and have the second bottom contact point or contact surface CP4, CP2 on the part of the bottom of joint tongue or in the inner lower part of joint tongue 10 and the somewhere between the latch recess 14.Especially in having the floor based on HDF of smooth surface, very low in this position along the displacement frictional force of trip edge.Fig. 9 d-f illustrates the angle of further deviation to 15 degree, and Fig. 9 g-i illustrates the angle of 10 degree.In these positions, still only have two contact points, and frictional force keeps very low.Fig. 9 j-l be illustrated in 5 the degree angle the time the position, this angle is angle of friction in these embodiments.Fig. 9 j and 9k illustrate locking system and are in lock angle, wherein locking surface 51, the contact of 52 parts.Fig. 9 l illustrates the locking system that is in guide angle, and wherein guide surface 11,12 contacts.Fig. 9 j illustrates this locking system and has 4 contact points, comprises two top contact point CP3 and the CP1 of the top part that is positioned at upper joint edges and joint tongue, and at the bottom of joint tongue part and two bottom contact point CP2 between locking surface and CP4.Fig. 9 k illustrates two top contact point CP1, CP3 and a bottom contact point CP4.Fig. 9 l is similar to Fig. 9 j, but has a bottom contact point between guide surface 11,12.Especially, closely cooperate if between contact point or contact surface, exist, if and/or contact surface have very big size, then the displacement frictional force along the trip edge will significantly increase in these positions.Pretension can further increase frictional force, even in the floor panel of fritter, the displacement along long edge relevant with vertical folding also may be obstructed, and in most of the cases eliminated fully.But, this locking system is inappropriate at contact angle greater than the long edge of the vertical folding system of 5-8 degree, have normal cooperation if especially this locking system is produced as between connector, this is because this locking system will not stop along the displacement at long edge and the separation of minor face edge.
Figure 10 a illustrates the embodiment according to first target of the present invention.This locking system can preferably be used on the long edge of the vertical folding system with about 10 degree and lower contact angle A.Also can be with this system for the locking system with bigger contact angle, this is because this system will prevent in the displacement of 10 degree when the downward fold latch fixed systems generation of great majority highest order is moved pressure.Figure 10 a illustrates the position of the panelling 1 ' of the angle that is in 15 degree when having only two some CP3, CP2 contacts.Panelling 1 ' is in the angle of friction position of 12 degree, wherein has three contact point CP3, CP2, CP4 '.This position is characterised in that, only have a contact point CP2 on joint tongue, and guide surface 11,12 contacts.This is favourable, because at the further drift angle conditioning period guide surface shown in Figure 10 b joint tongue is pressed in the groove.Frictional force further increases, and is to be caused by the level contact between the vertical contact between joint tongue 10 and the tongue groove 9 and cooperation (CP1, CP2), the top edge CP3 and the guide surface 11,12 that forms the second bottom contact point CP4.Ideal position preferably has the embodiment of the contact angle that is equal to or less than this angle of friction and guide angle.This embodiment for example can have friction and the guide angle of about 10 degree, and the contact angle of about 8-9 degree.Locking can realize by very simple mode, and when with guide angle panelling being located, only need apply downward pressure at new panelling.Figure 10 c illustrates this locking system and is configured to have high angle between locking surface, and fiber must be at top CP4 place and compressed at locking surface CP4 place during the terminal stage of regulating in the drift angle shown in the 1 ' a of position, in order to can lock.This configuration has been realized a plurality of advantages.Frictional force will increase and be in high level when separating force is in highest level.Shown in Figure 10 b, floor panel with locked element and latch recess independently or with the edge section of the minor face edge of folding panelling and flex tongue between contact and remain on the upwards position of deviation in combination.Frictional force will prevent the minor face edge flex tongue that slips away.Setter will help like this to install, because can be changed into the position of hand at the vertical extrusion operation of lacking edge from making panelling be in established angle.Therefore, the invention provides a kind of vertically system with drift angle, long edge regulating system, this system makes a panelling rest on angled position near another panelling, and wherein upper joint edges contacts.A kind of like this locking system also is provided, and wherein, when the part of latch recess 14 contacts with locking member 8, there is increased pressure in the terminal stage of regulating in the drift angle between upper joint edges and the locking member and/or between joint tongue and groove.
Figure 11 a-11c illustrates the locking system that identical principle can be used for forming the higher angle of friction A that for example have 15 degree shown in Figure 11 a.Locking member 8 has been made for higher, and in this preferred embodiment, locking member 8 vertically extends LH from the minimum point of bolt 6, is approximately 0.2 times of floor thickness T.Joint tongue has bottom part 54, and it is basic parallel with horizontal plane HP, and from vertical plane VP preferably along apart from the TD extension, this is about 0.1 times of floor thickness T apart from TD.
Hereinafter be described in the importance of contact angle during vertical folding and the vertically and the compound action of long edge and minor face edge with reference to Figure 12 d-13d.
Figure 12 a illustrates by the long edge locked system 1 ' in vertical folding or the blocked mounted floor system of vertically ', 1 ' with minor face edge locking system 1,1 '.Long edge has the locking system that can regulate locking by the drift angle.The minor face edge has can be by the locking system of vertically or vertical folding locking.
Figure 12 b illustrates when new panelling 1 ' moves vertically downward, the position of the slidingsurface 23 of the new panelling of seeing from second panelling 1 towards new panelling 1 ' 1 '.This locking can be used for for example connecting first row.Slidingsurface 23 is located in the plane in the bottom part of panelling 1 '.
Figure 12 c illustrates when first panelling 1 ' ' and second panelling 1 when being tiled on the floor, the end 31 of slidingsurface 32, flex tongue and the position of slidingsurface 23.
Figure 12 b and 12c are illustrated in whole panelling vertically downward in the mobile vertically, and the position of the flex tongue on the length direction of minor face edge is not important.
Figure 13 a is illustrated in an embodiment of the locking system identical with Figure 12 during the vertical folding.In this embodiment, the edge of flex tongue 30 is positioned in apart from first panelling 1 ' ' long Edge Distance be the FD place.Figure 13 b illustrates the vertical folding of turning section CS, and when the position of new panelling 1 ' near the stylish panelling 1 ' of contact angle.Because the slidingsurface 23,32 of cutting sth. askew, between folding panelling 1 ' and flex tongue 30, still there be not any contact.It is the contact angle of 10 degree in this embodiment that Figure 13 c illustrates.Slidingsurface 32,23 overlapped at initial contact point CP5 place.Further the drift angle is regulated and will be begun to produce the separating pressure that increases gradually between panelling 1,1 ' minor face edge, this is that the slidingsurface 23 that the major part TPC of flex tongue will be folded panelling 1 ' flatly inwardly is pressed into the displacement groove because shown in Figure 13 d.
Figure 14 a and 14b are illustrated in the position of the flex tongue 30 among two embodiment of the present invention.In these embodiments, flex tongue 30 can be flatly crooked in the longitudinal direction.In Figure 14 a, the edge of flex tongue be positioned at approach long edge 5b, for example apart from the FD1 place, position of this long about 15mm in edge.In having the laminate flooring of conventional thickness, this locking system will have the contact angle of about 10 degree.If shown in Figure 14 b, the edge of joint tongue be positioned at long further away from each other edge 5b apart from the FD2 place, then contact angle can be less.In the case, can use the locking system with less contact angle.This embodiment is enough in thick and stable floor panel or narrow floor panel.On thinner floor for example in the lamination and facing floor of 6-8mm, if flex tongue can and cover the very big distance of minor face edge near long edge locked minor face edge, then be favourable.Figure 14 c and 14d illustrate when the first of flex tongue 30 by horizontal curvature and when flatly inwardly being pressed onto in the displacement groove, be in the flex tongue of basic contact position.Clearly, be bent and during by lateral compression flatly, separating pressure will increase when the major part of joint tongue during folding operation.Long edge locked system is shown for these and previously described embodiment and minor face edge locking system interdepends, and must be adaptive to guarantee simple and reliable lock function mutually.
Figure 15 a-c illustrates rubbing device 53,53 ', and this rubbing device forms the top part of the bolt 6 that is positioned on the bolt panelling 1 and is positioned at the bottom part of joint tongue or is positioned at little local crowning portion on the groove panelling 1 ' in this embodiment.This protuberance can form on other surface of locking system, and they will prevent from being in the displacement of high angle when for example only having two contact points shown in Figure 15 a.Rubbing device also can comprise the similar material of using in the material of any kind or chemicals for example little grit, rubber, adhesive and the locking system.Preferable material is on the one or more surfaces that can be applicable in the locking system, for example be applied on joint tongue and/or the tongue groove, on the bolt, on the locking member and/or in the latch recess, one of guide surface or both go up, etc. soft wax, microwax or based on the wax of paraffin for example, and they can increase the especially initial friction between the HDF surface.In the veneer core, different layer and fibre structures can be used to form joint tongue 10 and bolt 6, thereby obtain high frictional force at the drift angle conditioning period.Above-mentioned rubbing device is also capable of being combined.Little local crowning portion, rough surface, fibre structure of being directed etc. can be for example combined with wax or chemicals.
Figure 16 a-d illustrates the method for the frictional force between the long edge of measuring floor panel.The sample of groove panelling 1 ' that uses the pressure F1 of 10N will have the width W 2 of about 200mm with angle A is pressed against bolt panelling 1 ' ' on, this bolt panelling 1 ' ' is fixed and has width W 1 above 200mm.Pressure F1 is applied on the groove panelling 1 ' by the wheel with the low-frictional force rotation.Displacement frictional force is defined as: make groove panelling 1 ' along the required maximum, force F2 of joint displacement.Curve Fa among Figure 16 b illustrates the measurement result for the sample of the laminated panel of 8mm, and this laminated panel has surface and the HDF core of the printing paper formation of heat of immersion thermosetting resin.Frictional force should be measured from established angle, and measures under lower angle gradually.The displacement frictional force of this sample is about 10N at established angle Ι A place, and 10 the degree contact angle CA places be almost identical.Angle of friction FA is about 5 degree in this sample.Many locking systems based on HDF of market sale in the displacement frictional force at established angle place less than 10N.Frictional force can be low to moderate 5N.In this locking system, because angle of friction is less than contact angle, so long edge helps to hinder the displacement of minor face edge during the starting stage of vertical folding only limitedly.Curve Fb illustrates a kind of specific locking system, and wherein owing to the geometry of locking system, the frictional force at the established angle place is higher than the frictional force at the smaller angle place.The present invention is based on following principle: with established angle or wherein frictional force be in the established angle of floor level and any other angle between the contact angle is compared, the frictional force at the contact angle place should increase.Preferred embodiment is: the frictional force at the contact angle place surpasses 15N, more preferably 20N.Preferred embodiment still has the vertically system of such flex tongue: this flex tongue produces greater than 20N even greater than the joint tongue pressure of 30N.
Has the locking system that shows very high frictional force at the high angle place on the market.Can not utilize the pressure F1 of 10N to make this locking system fold to contact angle or guide angle from established angle downward bias in a usual manner, this pressure F1 is corresponding to the pressure of the 60N on the floor panel that is applied to 120cm during installation, and this locking system is such locking system: wherein the drift angle is regulated and must be combined with very high pressure or the buckle operation in angled position.In the vertical folding system, do not use this locking system.Do not get rid of this locking system according to the present invention, but this locking system is not favourable in the vertical folding system, this be because with routine use by means of long edge and minor face edge are carried out the drift angle regulate, to carry out buckle or to carrying out the drift angle adjusting and the installation that the minor face edge carries out buckle is compared in long edge, this locking system only improves installation in some special applications in minor face edge and long edge limitedly.
Figure 16 c illustrates according to more favourable locking system of the present invention, and wherein angle of friction FA is about 15 degree, and contact angle CA is 10 degree.Angle of friction FA is higher than contact angle CA, and compares with established angle IA, and the frictional force between contact angle director CA edge significantly increases.How two samples 1,1 ' that Figure 16 d illustrates the width W 3 with 200mm are mounted, according to the 4th principle of the present invention, suppose that panelling has according to locking system of the present invention, when folding panelling fully vertically and not had towards any lateral pressure of minor face edge when being pressed onto on the subfloor, this installation should not cause the separation of minor face edge.Also can test by panelling 1 and a panelling 1 ' that is cut into about 20cm length of a full-size.This locking system with the long edge frictional force that prevents this little floor board block displacement will not only make normal floor panel easily install, and can easily install but also make near the wall all be cut the floor panel that size should be arranged.
Figure 17 a-c illustrates how locking system among Figure 11 is conditioned in order to produce frictional force by initial three contact point CP3, CP1 and CP4.Frictional force mainly is to obtain by the pressure between the top part of locking member 8/ latch recess 14 and joint tongue 10/ tongue groove 9.In this embodiment, joint tongue has bottom part 54, and this bottom part 54 is basically parallel to horizontal plane HP, and from vertical plane preferably along than shorter the extending apart from TD of Figure 11, this is apart from TD 0.1 times less than the floor thickness T.
Figure 18 a-c illustrates that locking system among Figure 11 also can be conditioned in order to produce frictional force by initial three other contact point CP3, CP1 and CP2.Frictional force mainly is to obtain by the top part of joint tongue 10/ tongue groove 9 and the pressure between the part of bottom.In this embodiment, joint tongue has bottom part 54, and this bottom part 54 is basically parallel to horizontal plane HP, and from preferably apart from TD extend identical with Figure 11 of edge of vertical plane.But the height LH of locking member is less.Shown rubbing device 53 is the form of the wax on the bottom part that is positioned at joint tongue 10.Described wax preferably should be very soft, and preferably can be out of shape at the drift angle conditioning period.This soft wax will prevent the initial displacement along joint.This wax can be applicable in all locking systems, and can prevent especially the displacement on the surface made from respect to HDF.
If Figure 17 and 18 illustrates the size of regulating joint tongue 10, groove 9, bolt 6, locking member 8 and latch recess 14 in concept of the present invention, then can obtain a large amount of combinations of angle of friction and friction point.
Figure 19 a illustrates the embodiment of angle of frictions with 20 degree, and wherein only two contact point CP1 between the top part by joint tongue 10/ tongue groove 9 and the bottom part and CP2 obtain frictional force.In this embodiment, joint tongue also has bottom part 54, and this bottom part 54 is basically parallel to horizontal plane HP, and from vertical plane along greater than 0.2 times of the floor thickness T extend apart from TD.In this embodiment, joint tongue has the space 55 between the bottom of joint tongue part and tongue groove, and this space 55 helps locking, and it is overlapping to make guide surface 11,12 for example be shown in the 15 wide-angle places of spending as Figure 19 b.
Figure 20 a-c illustrates and can design such locking system: this locking system of established angle place that is shown in 25 degree as Figure 20 a has three contact point CP3, CP1 and CP2.Locking member has been made into to be higher than the locking member among (LH) previous embodiment, and groove panelling 1 ' has protuberance 56 between joint tongue 10 and tongue groove 9.The top part of joint tongue with respect to the horizontal plane has certain angle, and this helps to use big rotary cutter that tongue groove 9 is carried out machining.
If not with can regulate operation by simple drift angle and realize that the long edge locked system of the works fine with extraordinary guiding and lockout feature that is connected of long edge and minor face edge combines, then the simple vertically on the minor face edge can not bring any significant improvement to prior art.From the embodiment shown in Figure 10 b, 11a, 17a, 13c, 18b, 19b and the 20b for example as seen, can form such locking system: this locking system has angle of friction and the guide angle of combination, and has locking member 8 and the latch recess 14 that keeps folding panelling to be in the deviation position that makes progress.Except the required operation of locking panelling, only operation is near the folding panelling of the vertical extruding minor face edge.
Based on this principle, the invention provides a kind of mounting method of three panellings, wherein first panelling 1 ' shown in Fig. 7 a for example ' and second panelling 1 be tiled on the subfloor, their long edge interconnects.This method may further comprise the steps:
A) make new panelling 1 ' be in angled position, wherein long edge 5a and first panelling 1 ' ' the top part of long edge 5b contact;
B) the minor face edge 4b of new panelling 1 ' is contacted with the minor face edge 4a of second panelling 1, thereby by the locking system that is positioned on long edge and/or the minor face edge new panelling 1 ' is remained on this position, guide surface that can be by the locking member shown in Figure 10 a and latch recess and/or the edge by flex tongue remain on this position with new panelling 1 ';
C) the minor face edge section of new panelling is pressed to the floor downwards, thereby by vertical folding first, second, and third panelling is interconnected, preferably between the minor face edge, do not have big visible gap.
This mounting method can for example remain on the upwards position of deviation by guide surface shown in Figure 10 11,12 with floor panel.This will help to install, this is because setter can change the position of hand from primary importance, be in the established angles of 25 degree at this primary importance panelling, towards first panelling 1 ' installed ' the edge be extruded, and preferably downwards slight deviation to friction and guide angle.Then setter can move to the second place with hand, and this second place is suitable for preferably pushing towards subfloor two minor face edge sections of panelling downwards.Guide surface guides to locking member in the latch recess, and joint tongue is guided in the tongue groove.Friction between the long edge will stop displacement.Its advantage is, at a certain angle top edge is pressed together, the lateral compression panelling with avoid the minor face fate from and the combination operation that panelling folds into downwards on the floor can be avoided, and can be by two or three independent and simple independent operation substitute.
Figure 21 a-c illustrates the flex tongue 30 with inner flexible part 62 and outside flexible portion 61.There is following defective in flex tongue shown in Fig. 5 a-c:
1. they are made by the extrusion plastic section of cost-effective usually, but the production tolerance is not enough to obtain high-quality locking.
2. owing in thin floor board block, only using crooked on a very limited vertical distance flexible buckle lug, so flexible not enough.This low flexible very big edge separation power that produces.
3. especially in the flex tongue shown in Fig. 5 a, the b, be difficult to flexibility and locking intensity are combined.Reduce or eliminated the problems referred to above according to embodiments of the invention.Inner flexible part 62 is not the part of vertically, is to make flex tongue 30 displacement in the displacement groove because it mainly acts on, and therefore can be made into to have very much flexibility.In case the edge of floor panel is compressed against on the outside flexible portion 61, then the top part 67 of inner flexible part will be compressed against on the interior section of displacement groove, and will be bent or compress.Preferably, compare with interior section 62, exterior section 61 has higher rigidity and firmer.The flexibility that combines of interior section and exterior section can be designed to compare with known joint tongue the firmer locking that realizes having less separating force.Flex tongue 30 can have vertically upward or interior section and/or the exterior section of one or more for example W shapes of extending downwards certainly, and this can be used for producing bigger flexibility and displacement.This joint tongue also may be made in the inflexible exterior section with rigidity.This joint tongue can be connected to folding panelling.In such an embodiment, outside flexible portion 61 will extend vertically upward, and lock near the top part of tongue groove.
Figure 21 b illustrates or to grind by for example machining and compensates for example by plastics or the metal joint tongue of extruding.The production tolerance will be significantly improved to being similar to injection-molded level or better level.Displacement, locking action and locking intensity can significantly improve.In an illustrated embodiment, bottom contact surface 64 and/or locking surface 65 were compensated before inserting displacement groove 40.When joint tongue was connected to or be connected to the edge, the part of flex tongue, preferably outside flexible portion 61 can be compensated.This can realize in independent production stage or canbe used on line when forming locking system.Flex tongue can be designed to during vertical folding horizontal curvature in the longitudinal direction.Be removed if shown in Figure 21 d, be positioned at the joint tongue section 68 at edge, then will help this bending, and separating force will reduce.The width W that this means joint tongue 30 will change along length L.This joint tongue section also internally elastic part 67 remove, and joint tongue will be than crooked in the longitudinal direction under the slight drag, and help vertical folding.All types ofly extruding in the joint tongue, especially having in the joint tongue of limited flexibility, for example among the embodiment that only has an outside resilience or flexible portion shown in Fig. 5 a, 5b and the 6c, can carry out the shaping of the part at section place, this cut edge.Flex tongue also can be designed to have rigidity protuberance and flexible elbow joints according to hinge principle, thus can be between lockup period horizontal curvature.Such embodiment can realize firm locking.But, very big separating force may appear.This can for example eliminate by such embodiment: this embodiment comprises by the otch 69 separated a plurality of inside or outside independent flexible portion 61a, the 61b that for example make by punching press or machining.This independent flexible portion can be distinguished buckle, and this can reduce the production tolerance, if especially joint tongue is made by independent flexible portion, this flexible portion has for example can change the length of about 0.1mm and be designed to and locks mutually with specific predeterminated level.This guarantees that some independent flexible portions always are in extraordinary latched position.Each independent part can combine with flex tongue, and this flex tongue is connected in a fixed manner to panel edge, is preferably connected in the horizontally extending groove.
The present invention also comprises the independent flex tongue of extruding of the vertically that is designed to the floor, it is characterized in that this joint tongue is preferably compensated on top contact surface 63 and/or bottom contact surface 64 and/or locking surface 65.This joint tongue and the above-mentioned joint tongue with the edge section that is removed also can have and be similar to the shape shown in Fig. 5 a-c, and wherein flex tongue only comprises inside or outside flexible buckle lug.
Machining, grinding and similar production stage will produce the surface different with the initial surface that is extruded usually.This in most of the cases can be detected in microscope.This machining also can be used for increasing or reduce the frictional force between joint tongue and the displacement groove.
Figure 22 a-c illustrates vertical folding or vertically.A panelling 1 ' preferably moves towards another panelling 1 along vertical plane VP.When the outside flexible portion 61 of the exterior section of edge section with the flex tongue 30 of folding panelling 1 '-preferably-enter contacts, inner flexible part 62 is with vertical curve, and flex tongue will inwardly be displaced in the displacement groove 40, and it preferably is connected by the friction connection in this displacement groove.Shown in Figure 22 b, little by little even should outside flexible portion 61 will begin crooked.Finally, both will return its initial position rapidly interior section 62 and exterior section 61, and flex tongue will be towards tongue groove 20 displacements in displacement groove 40.The locking surface 65 of flex tongue 30 will be near the part locking of tongue groove 20.Connection between joint tongue and the displacement groove can have little gap, makes between lockup period joint tongue displacement easily and certain inclination takes place.The preferably main level displacement between lockup period of outside flexible portion 61, and carry out small rotation around top elbow 70.Bottom contact surface 65 may be made in respect to horizontal plane has certain angle, and preferably less than 10 degree, this will increase locking intensity.
Figure 23 a illustrates the tongue lock system that can regulate locking by the drift angle.New panelling 1 ' has first connector that comprises joint tongue 10, and this joint tongue 10 has locking member 8a in the top part.First panelling 1 ' ' have side and cut tongue groove 9, this groove 9 has upper flange 6b and lower flange 6a, and the latch recess 14a that forms in upper flange 6b and extend downwards towards bottom flange 6a.First and second connectors vertically and flatly lock panelling.Lower flange 6a preferably extends beyond vertical plane VP, and preferably has horizontal contact surface, and this horizontal contact surface contacts with the bottom part of joint tongue 10.Locking system can for example be designed to have three contact point CP1, CP2, CP3 at the angle place that surpasses 15 degree, shown in Figure 23 a.Tongue lock can be used as the replacement scheme of the bolt locking system among above-mentioned all embodiment.Be positioned on the long edge tongue lock can with the minor face edge on hook link the system combined, this hook link system preferably shown in Figure 24 d only flatly the locking.
Figure 24 a illustrate have double tongue 10, the tongue groove 9 of 10 ' and two correspondence, 9 ' locking system, allow to carry out vertical buckle operation if joint tongue and bolt are adjusted to, then can use this locking system by drift angle adjusting, buckle or even vertically lock long edge.This system can have the contact point more than four, and can be very big along the frictional force of joint.
Figure 24 b illustrates the locking system with independent bolt 6 ', this bolt 6 ' can be used for with Figure 24 a in the identical mode of embodiment lock long edge.This bolt can comprise material or the surface with frictional behavior more favourable than core material.
Figure 24 c illustrates the locking system with independent joint tongue 10 ', and this joint tongue 10 ' can be flexible or rigidity, and can be at long edge and/or the minor face edge be connected to bolt panelling 1 ' ' or folding panelling 1 ', in order to improve frictional behavior or saving material.
Figure 24 d only illustrates flatly, and the hook of locking links system.
Figure 24 e illustrates an embodiment of locking system, and this locking system has the flex tongue 30 of making one with core.Cut the flexibility that groove 71 can increase joint tongue in the side that flex tongue 30 forms later.When machining minor face edge, can preferably form this groove by scraper.This scraping or broaching technology can be used for especially based on the material of fiber for example among the HDF, but even in solid wood and plastic material, form the senior shape that is similar to the extrusion plastic section.Flex tongue 30 also can form at folding panelling 1 ' by means of big rotary cutter, and has upwardly extending exterior section.This locking system also can have two flex tongue, namely has a joint tongue on an edge.Wood fiber in the flex tongue can be impregnated and/or be applied for example adhesive 70, in order to gain in strength and flexible.Dipping can carry out before or after joint tongue or edge formation.Whole edge or the part of locking system, for example tongue groove 20, locking member 8 or latch recess 14 also can impregnated and/or coatings.Side cuts that groove can be filled flexible material in order to improve intensity and flexibility.If bolt 6 and/or locking member 8 can deflections during vertical folding, then help vertical folding.Wax in the locking system will help locking.Cavity 72 in the vertical substantially groove 73 above bolt in the folding panelling 1 ' or the bolt 6 of the contiguous locking member 8 in the bolt panelling 1 will increase the flexibility of locking system, and make some parts have more flexibility.Part 78 and/or the balance layer of the downside of bolt can be removed, and this can increase the flexibility of bolt, make to be easier to towards the subfloor bending.Folding panelling can have protuberance 74, and preferably also has the locking surface as Figure 27 c shown type.Flex tongue also can be formed by independent material, and this material is connected to panelling by for example gluing, friction or snap fit.This independent material can for example be local edge part 77, and it can be connected to the edge before final machining.Side is cut groove 71 and also can be pre-formed before independent material 77 is connected to the edge of panelling.This connection can be carried out in each panel edge, perhaps carries out at the panelling piece that after this will be cut into each floor panel.Independent material 75,76 also can be connected to the edge of bolt panelling 1 and/or folding panelling 1 ', thereby it comprises the major part of locking system.In wood flooring, this independent material preferably can be bonded to top top layer and bottom balance layer.Independent material for example can comprise hard preferably and flexible solid wood for example rubber wood timber or birch, dip bonding agent for example acryloid cement timber, plastic material, that made with phenol by wood fiber material and close bed pressing plate that can comprise glass fiber, HDF or the HDF that is strengthened by adhesive, have vertical substantially fiber orientation HDF, have a plurality of layers the material that comprises wood fiber and/or plastic material and/or glass fiber.These materials can be used alone or be used in combination.If use suitable material and joint configuration in order to can obtain required flexibility, then locking system also can be cut the above-mentioned principle of groove 71 according to not having side certainly, for example makes according to the embodiment shown in Fig. 5 e.
Can use the number of chemical goods to flood or apply part or the whole locking system of locking system, this chemicals for example is melamine, urea, phenol, thermoplastic for example PP or PUR.Can under the situation that has or do not have pressure, for example wait to make these chemicals to solidify by heat, microwave, UV.
According to the present invention, the preferred embodiment that comprises minor face edge locking system is provided, this locking system can be locked by vertical folding or vertically, it is characterized in that, this locking system comprise have bolt 6, the edge of locking member 8, flex tongue 30, this joint tongue 30 extends downwards, and forms with the panelling core or formed by independent material, and this material is connected in a fixed manner to core.This flex tongue 30 is included in the side that this joint tongue forms later and cuts groove 70.
Figure 25 a-c is illustrated in mainly by how correctly determining 3 the highest contact angles in the locking system of making based on the core material of wood fiber.There are hundreds of different locking systems that only are used for connecting laminate flooring on the market.In most of locking system therein, measuring 3 the highest contact angles is to be easy to very much.This is shown in Figure 25 a.Under the contacted situation of top, make the sample with width W 2 and about 100mm length from the downward deviation of established angle, until producing resistance from the contact between latch recess and the locking member.In this position that is in 3 the highest contact angles, sample should be able to keep its deviation position that makes progress, and can not drop on the subfloor owing to the weight of sample.This locking system has such design, and this design is characterised in that top and the groove CP1 that these three points are top edge CP3, joint tongue, and locking member/latch recess CP4.But locking system can have the design shown in Figure 25 b, 25c, and wherein three contact points top part that is joint tongue and bottom part are together with top (CP1, CP2, CP3).But some this locking systems can not remain on the upwards position of deviation.In such system, should in microscope, analyze by the cross section of butt joint.Be difficult to limit 3 contact angles if loose fibres makes, then should measure frictional force as shown in figure 16.The frictional force that increases shows that contact point additional in locking system works.
Figure 26 a-d illustrates the embodiment of the locking system that is positioned at the minor face edge, and this locking system hinders during vertical folding or stops long edge dislocation.Figure 26 a is illustrated in the cross section B-B near the minor face edge locking system of the edge part office of folding beginning shown in Fig. 4 a.Describe in conjunction with Fig. 1-3 for example, 5 and 8 as preamble, this locking system is included in the bolt with locking member 86 in the bolt panelling 1 and independent flex tongue 30, and the tongue groove 20 and the latch recess 14 that are arranged in folding panelling 1 '.Locking surface is vertical substantially, and is parallel to vertical plane VP.Preferably, this locking system can be designed such that shown in Figure 26 a, the top part of the locking surface 8a of locking member 8 contacts with the bottom part of the locking surface 14a of latch recess 14 when not existing between folding panelling 1 ' and the flex tongue 30 when contacting.This can realize by the following fact: do not have the joint tongue part near long edge, perhaps joint tongue is arc and does not have the protuberance that contacts with folding panelling 1 '.Figure 26 b is illustrated in the section at the C-C place among Fig. 4 a.It is basically and preferably fully vertical to suppose locking surface 8a, 14a, and thereby their can prevent in that preferably 10 degree or higher angle place are subjected to displacement along vertical extension of very big distance, then locking surface 8a, 14a will prevent from separating when joint tongue 30 contacts with folding panelling, even also be like this in the embodiment of flex tongue 30 near location, long edges.Locking surface should preferably have height H, and this height H is at least 0.1 times of the floor thickness T or even greater than 0.15 times.The vertically surface also may be made in has about 0.2*T or bigger height H.
In the scope of cardinal principle of the present invention, can there be some modification.Figure 26 d illustrates as long as the locking surface 14a of latch recess 14 satisfies above-mentioned requirements, and then function is equal to.Suppose to exist at least two parts and the distance of vertically locating along vertical plane to be about 0.1*T, if latch recess 14b for example is arc towards external margin, then function also is identical.
Figure 27 a illustrates latch recess 14 and locking member 8 on the minor face edge wherein and is used for preventing the embodiment that separates.The edge 8a of locking member 8 is near first panelling 1 ' ' long edge 5b be favourable, this is that and flex tongue can be positioned adjacent to long edge locked because this edge will be clamped in the latch recess of new panelling at quite high angle place.In this embodiment, flex tongue 30 be have cutting edge section 68 extrude section, this edge section helps the horizontal movement during folding.The locking system that high, vertical locking surface on the minor face edge is particularly suitable for having the flex tongue that comprises the extrusion plastic section, especially this section only has the situation of a flexible buckle lug in outside, and this lug is owing to limited flexibility causes very big separating pressure.
If Figure 27 illustrates at long edge and uses compact tongue lock fixed system, then flex tongue 30 can be mobile further towards long edge 5b, and prevent from being subjected to displacement along long edge at higher angle place, this is because this locking system does not comprise the bolt 6a of the outstanding vertical plane VP of surpassing out and away.
Figure 27 c illustrates such locking system, and this locking system has the flex tongue of preferably extruding 30, and is arranged in the vertical substantially locking surface between the latch recess 14 of locking member 8 and folding panelling 1 ' on the bolt 6.Folding panelling 1 ' comprise contiguous latch recess 14 locking surface protuberance 74 and against the bottom contact surface 24 of the preferably basic horizontal of adjacent bolt contact surface 6 ' vertically, this protuberance 74 is received within the adjacent pocket 72 on the bolt 6.This configuration is very suitable for having the floor of HDF core, and this is because cavity forms in the bottom part of the high core of density.This cavity only reduces the intensity of locking system in limited degree.The height H on vertically surface preferably is at least 0.1*T.Break and help when shrinking on the floor independent joint tongue 30 is fixed in the displacement groove 40, the design of locking system is preferably: locking member 8 is positioned at horizontal plane H2 below, this horizontal plane H2 comprises the bottom part of displacement groove 40, and latch recess 14 is positioned at horizontal plane H1 below, and this horizontal plane H1 comprises interior section and the foot part of tongue groove 20.
Claims (3)
1. mounting method that connects floor panel (1,1 ', 1 ' ') by vertical folding, wherein this panelling has the drift angle adjusting locking system (9,10,6 that is positioned on the long edge, 8,14) and be positioned at vertical folding system (20,30 on the minor face edge, 6,8,14), to be used for vertically and flatly locking panelling, wherein first panelling (1 ' ') and second panelling (1) are tiled on the subfloor under the interconnective situation in long edge, it is characterized in that this method may further comprise the steps:
A) the top part at the second long edge (5b) of the first long edge (5a) that makes angled new panelling (1 ') and first panelling (1 ' ') contacts;
B) the minor face edge (4b) of new panelling (1 ') is contacted with the minor face edge (4a) of second panelling (1), thereby by the locking system on long edge and/or the minor face edge new panelling (1 ') is remained on this position,
C) press the minor face edge section (4b) of new panelling (1 ') downwards towards subfloor; And
D) by vertical folding first panelling (1 ' '), second panelling (1) and new panelling (1 ') are interconnected.
2. mounting method according to claim 1, it is characterized in that, this method comprises makes panelling be in step as upper/lower positions: in this position, when the top edge of first panelling (1 ' ') presses the top edge of new panelling (1 ') with the angles that become about 10 degree with respect to principal plane, the described first long edge (5a) and the second long edge (5b) have vertical top contact point (CP1) and bottom contact point (CP2) between joint tongue (10) and tongue groove (9), between the adjacent upper surface at the first long edge (5a) and the second long edge (5b), have horizontal inner contact point (CP3), and between the adjacent lower surface at the first long edge (5a) and the second long edge (5b), have horizontal external orientation contact surface (CP4).
3. mounting method according to claim 1, it is characterized in that, this method comprises makes panelling be in step as upper/lower positions: in this position, when the top edge that makes first panelling presses the top edge of new panelling with contact angle, the described first long edge (5a) and the second long edge (5b) have vertical top contact point (CP1) and bottom contact point (CP2) between joint tongue (10) and tongue groove (9), between the adjacent upper surface at the first long edge (5a) and the second long edge (5b), have horizontal inner contact point (CP3), and between the adjacent lower surface at the first long edge (5a) and the second long edge (5b), have horizontal external orientation contact surface (CP4).
Applications Claiming Priority (2)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| SE0602429A SE532607C2 (en) | 2006-11-15 | 2006-11-15 | Mechanical locking of vertical paneling floor panels |
| SE0602429-3 | 2006-11-15 |
Related Parent Applications (1)
| Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN200780049875.9A Division CN101680230B (en) | 2006-11-15 | 2007-10-25 | Mechanical locking of floor panels with vertical folding |
Publications (1)
| Publication Number | Publication Date |
|---|---|
| CN103291050A true CN103291050A (en) | 2013-09-11 |
Family
ID=39494608
Family Applications (2)
| Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN2013101898366A Pending CN103291050A (en) | 2006-11-15 | 2007-10-25 | Mechanical locking of floor panels with vertical folding |
| CN200780049875.9A Active CN101680230B (en) | 2006-11-15 | 2007-10-25 | Mechanical locking of floor panels with vertical folding |
Family Applications After (1)
| Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN200780049875.9A Active CN101680230B (en) | 2006-11-15 | 2007-10-25 | Mechanical locking of floor panels with vertical folding |
Country Status (15)
| Country | Link |
|---|---|
| EP (1) | EP3971368A1 (en) |
| JP (1) | JP5542443B2 (en) |
| CN (2) | CN103291050A (en) |
| BR (1) | BRPI0717182B1 (en) |
| DE (1) | DE202007019541U1 (en) |
| DK (1) | DK2082103T3 (en) |
| ES (1) | ES2401735T3 (en) |
| MX (1) | MX2009005150A (en) |
| PL (1) | PL3540146T3 (en) |
| PT (1) | PT2082103E (en) |
| RU (1) | RU2458221C2 (en) |
| SE (1) | SE532607C2 (en) |
| TR (1) | TR201902438T4 (en) |
| UA (1) | UA97966C2 (en) |
| ZA (1) | ZA200902959B (en) |
Families Citing this family (11)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| ES2602317T3 (en) * | 2011-07-19 | 2017-02-20 | Ceraloc Innovation Ab | Mechanical locking system for floor panels |
| CN104302854B (en) * | 2012-05-08 | 2017-01-18 | 古斯塔夫康氏公司 | Core, panel blank, floor panel and methods of their production |
| CN104411900B (en) * | 2012-07-02 | 2017-11-17 | 塞拉洛克创新股份有限公司 | The building panelling of weight and quantity of material with reduction, the method for producing floor panel and wooden base floor panel |
| BR112016019490B1 (en) * | 2014-02-26 | 2022-03-03 | I4F Licensing Nv | INTERCONNECTING PANEL WITH SIMILAR PANELS TO FORM A cladding; COATING AND ASSEMBLY METHOD OF INTERCONNECTABLE PANELS |
| DE102014112527A1 (en) * | 2014-09-01 | 2016-03-03 | Guido Schulte | Mechanical connection for panels and method for mounting a locking spring in a panel |
| PL3031998T4 (en) * | 2014-12-08 | 2022-01-24 | I4F Licensing Nv | Panel with a hook-like locking system |
| EP3478903B1 (en) * | 2016-06-29 | 2021-09-01 | Välinge Innovation AB | A method and device for managing and separating a tongue from a tongue blank |
| CN107100343A (en) * | 2017-06-28 | 2017-08-29 | 黑龙江省木材科学研究所 | A kind of latch floor structure with elastic strip |
| KR102541357B1 (en) * | 2019-01-30 | 2023-06-13 | 아이4에프 라이센싱 엔뷔 | Panel and covering including the same |
| CN114502806A (en) * | 2019-09-24 | 2022-05-13 | 瓦林格创新股份有限公司 | Building panelling |
| WO2021167521A1 (en) * | 2020-02-20 | 2021-08-26 | Välinge Innovation AB | Arrangements for replacing a building panel |
Family Cites Families (9)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| SE9301595L (en) * | 1993-05-10 | 1994-10-17 | Tony Pervan | Grout for thin liquid hard floors |
| BE1010487A6 (en) * | 1996-06-11 | 1998-10-06 | Unilin Beheer Bv | FLOOR COATING CONSISTING OF HARD FLOOR PANELS AND METHOD FOR MANUFACTURING SUCH FLOOR PANELS. |
| WO2001002670A1 (en) * | 1999-06-30 | 2001-01-11 | Akzenta Paneele + Profile Gmbh | Panel and panel fastening system |
| DE10001076C1 (en) * | 2000-01-13 | 2001-10-04 | Huelsta Werke Huels Kg | Panel element to construct floor covering; has groove and spring on opposite longitudinal sides and has groove and tongue on opposite end faces, to connect and secure adjacent panel elements |
| SE518184C2 (en) * | 2000-03-31 | 2002-09-03 | Perstorp Flooring Ab | Floor covering material comprising disc-shaped floor elements which are joined together by means of interconnecting means |
| DE20122778U1 (en) * | 2001-08-10 | 2007-10-25 | Akzenta Paneele + Profile Gmbh | Panel and fastening system for panels |
| DE20220655U1 (en) * | 2002-04-04 | 2004-01-08 | Akzenta Paneele + Profile Gmbh | Locking system for panels with edge profiles, has groove profile and tongue profile which are engaged to form articulated joint that restores two panels to their installation plane when deflected either up or down |
| ATE535660T1 (en) * | 2004-10-22 | 2011-12-15 | Vaelinge Innovation Ab | METHOD FOR INSTALLING A MECHANICAL LOCKING SYSTEM ON FLOOR PANELS |
| DE102004054368A1 (en) * | 2004-11-10 | 2006-05-11 | Kaindl Flooring Gmbh | trim panel |
-
2006
- 2006-11-15 SE SE0602429A patent/SE532607C2/en unknown
-
2007
- 2007-10-25 CN CN2013101898366A patent/CN103291050A/en active Pending
- 2007-10-25 JP JP2009537119A patent/JP5542443B2/en active Active
- 2007-10-25 EP EP21192158.0A patent/EP3971368A1/en active Pending
- 2007-10-25 RU RU2009122485/03A patent/RU2458221C2/en active
- 2007-10-25 UA UAA200906052A patent/UA97966C2/en unknown
- 2007-10-25 ZA ZA200902959A patent/ZA200902959B/en unknown
- 2007-10-25 CN CN200780049875.9A patent/CN101680230B/en active Active
- 2007-10-25 PL PL18209535T patent/PL3540146T3/en unknown
- 2007-10-25 DK DK07835365.3T patent/DK2082103T3/en active
- 2007-10-25 ES ES07835365T patent/ES2401735T3/en active Active
- 2007-10-25 BR BRPI0717182-0A patent/BRPI0717182B1/en active IP Right Grant
- 2007-10-25 TR TR2019/02438T patent/TR201902438T4/en unknown
- 2007-10-25 MX MX2009005150A patent/MX2009005150A/en active IP Right Grant
- 2007-10-25 DE DE202007019541U patent/DE202007019541U1/en not_active Expired - Lifetime
- 2007-10-25 PT PT78353653T patent/PT2082103E/en unknown
Also Published As
| Publication number | Publication date |
|---|---|
| PT2082103E (en) | 2013-02-28 |
| TR201902438T4 (en) | 2019-03-21 |
| SE532607C2 (en) | 2010-03-02 |
| PL3540146T3 (en) | 2021-12-27 |
| ES2401735T3 (en) | 2013-04-24 |
| JP2011503388A (en) | 2011-01-27 |
| BRPI0717182B1 (en) | 2017-12-19 |
| MX2009005150A (en) | 2009-05-25 |
| CN101680230B (en) | 2014-03-26 |
| RU2009122485A (en) | 2010-12-20 |
| BRPI0717182A2 (en) | 2013-10-22 |
| DE202007019541U1 (en) | 2013-06-25 |
| CN101680230A (en) | 2010-03-24 |
| JP5542443B2 (en) | 2014-07-09 |
| ZA200902959B (en) | 2010-07-28 |
| SE0602429L (en) | 2008-05-16 |
| EP3971368A1 (en) | 2022-03-23 |
| RU2458221C2 (en) | 2012-08-10 |
| UA97966C2 (en) | 2012-04-10 |
| DK2082103T3 (en) | 2013-03-11 |
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