CN103290436A - High-melting-point alloy sputtering electro-deposition rapid molding method - Google Patents
High-melting-point alloy sputtering electro-deposition rapid molding method Download PDFInfo
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- CN103290436A CN103290436A CN2013101984249A CN201310198424A CN103290436A CN 103290436 A CN103290436 A CN 103290436A CN 2013101984249 A CN2013101984249 A CN 2013101984249A CN 201310198424 A CN201310198424 A CN 201310198424A CN 103290436 A CN103290436 A CN 103290436A
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Abstract
The invention relates to a high-melting-point alloy sputtering electro-deposition rapid molding method. The method is characterized in that an unbaked conductive ceramic female die is used as a composite substrate, then a high-melting-point alloy electroplating liquid is sputtered on the surface of the female die, after a sputtering coating achieves a given thickness, an alloy die shell of the female die is obtained, a die frame is additionally arranged on the back surface of the die shell, resin and high-strength cement backing are filled, the after-treatment such as edge cutting and polishing is carried out on the surface of the die shell after the die is stripped, so that a utilizable die can be obtained. The die is made of alloy, so that compared with a single-metal die, the die has excellent properties of high strength, high hardness, high temperature resistance, and the like; the service life of the sputtering electro-deposition die can be greatly prolonged, and the application range of the sputtering electro-deposition die can be widened.
Description
Technical field the present invention relates to a kind of rapid tooling manufacturing method.
It is a kind of mold making technology based on " copying " that the background technology alloy sprays the galvanic deposit Rapid tooling, it conducts electricity mock-up (or being called prototype) as master mold with one, be negative electrode with the master mold, the nickel plate is anode, by impeller pump electrolytic solution is ejected into cathode surface, direct current on leading to makes alloy deposition on the master mold surface, form certain thickness close coating, i.e. the mould shell.The mould shell has accurately copied the shape of prototype, has obtained required mold cavity, after finishing aftertreatment technologys such as back lining materials cast, the demoulding, polishing, can finish the quick manufacturing of mould.Alloy sprays galvanic deposit mould making process flow process and mainly comprises: the preparation of master mold and processing; Alloy sprays galvanic deposit; Fill back lining materials; The demoulding and aftertreatment etc.According to practical situation and requiredly also can carry out surface finish or carry out the numerical control precision work of few cutting output, to obtain higher form accuracy, dimensional precision and surface quality.
For metal blank drawing and forming mould, the metallic substance that alloy (metal) sprays the galvanic deposit rapid die-manufacturing generally is low melting point metal in zinc, the aluminium zinc etc., depend on fully in hardness, intensity and the work-ing life of alloy injection galvanic deposit mould and spray the electro-deposited alloy composition, and middle low melting point metal hardness is low, intensity is low, die life is low, can not reach production in enormous quantities, range of application is restricted; And high-meltiing alloy sprays the galvanic deposit mfg. moulding die, can significantly improve the hardness of metal shell, improves the work-ing life of mould, enlarges the mould range of application.So someone has invented a kind of " electric arc spraying stamping die of automotive covering part method for fast mfg " (Chinese patent publication number CN1488455), content is a kind of metal spraying by electric arc stamping die of automotive covering part method for fast mfg.This method is based on the metal spraying by electric arc technology, realized the quick manufacturing of car panel die in conjunction with technology such as glass reinforced plastic moulding, molding for epoxy resin, brush platings, for the sample car trial-production in the new model exploitation, cladding member mold trial-production provide quick, the economic means of services.This method comprises, processing steps such as the preparation of spraying master mold, matrix processing, metal spraying by electric arc, back lining materials filling, the final mould that forms presents the gradient laminate structure in the transverse section, each structural sheet has different mechanical propertys, be conducive to bring into play material behavior, both guaranteed the mold integral performance requriements, and simplified technology again, reduced cost.This method does not relate to the die-manufacturing method of high-meltiing alloy material and sprays electro-deposition method and make mould.Another part Chinese patent " a kind of high-melting metal arc spraying rapid die-manufacturing method " (publication number CN101463181), content is a kind of high-melting metal arc spraying rapid die-manufacturing method.This method has realized the quick manufacturing of mould based on the metal spraying by electric arc technology in conjunction with technology such as forming process of ceramics, molding for epoxy resin.This method comprises that processing steps such as the preparation of spraying master mold, matrix processing, metal spraying by electric arc, back lining materials filling had both guaranteed the mold integral performance requriements, simplified technology again, reduced cost.This method does not relate to the die-manufacturing method of high-meltiing alloy material and sprays electro-deposition method and make mould.
Mostly the domestic and international thermospray quickly manufacturing mould material that adopts is middle low melting point metal material at present, be that the middle low melting point metal electric arc spraying Rapid tooling of representative is applied in automobile large-scale covering mould development and sample car manufacturing with zinc, aluminium zinc etc., embodied huge economic and obtained good economic benefit with its quick and low-cost characteristics.But because the hardness of zinc, aluminium zinc is relatively low, die life and range of application are subjected to certain limitation.
Summary of the invention the object of the present invention is to provide a kind of high-meltiing alloy injection galvanic deposit rapid die-manufacturing method that adopts the die-manufacturing method of high-meltiing alloy material and spray electro-deposition method making mould.
For achieving the above object, the present invention adopts following technical scheme:
1, the preparation of master mold:
(1) is raw material with high temperature resistant conductivity ceramics, determines that according to the shape and size of product the shape and size of mother plate substrate are made no roasting ceramic female die matrix with usual way, dried 8 hours at 105～110 ℃;
(2) mother plate substrate after the oven dry carries out mechanical workout to mother plate substrate according to the 3D digital-to-analogue of part on numerically-controlled machine, makes the mother plate substrate that matches with 3D digital-to-analogue shape, obtains the master mold that size and precision meet the product design requirement fully.
2, the pre-treatment of master mold:
Polishing master mold internal surface is used the hydrochloric acid brushing master mold internal surface of 18-36wt% again, improves the master mold inside surface roughness, removes dust and the particle of master mold internal surface;
3, master mold is heated:
Heat master mold with water bath with thermostatic control, control master mold temperature is at 40-60 ℃, and temperature is even everywhere to guarantee mother plate substrate;
4, alloy sprays galvanic deposit:
(1) for nozzle can be moved and the continuous injection operation along the mother plate substrate outline shape, need revise the 3D digital model of pre-designed part, carry out layering and handle;
(2) galvanic deposit high-melting-point Ni-W alloy plating liquid is sprayed to the master mold internal surface, according to design variable, nozzle is moved and the continuous injection operation along the mother plate substrate outline shape, be ejected into the other end from an end of master mold, repeat such process, reach 5-15mm up to spraying coating thickness, obtain the alloy shell of master mold;
Best, jet velocity is 200-400m/s, and the injection current density is 300-400A/dm
2, bath pH value is 4.4-4.6, and nozzle and master mold surface distance are 5-10mm, and the nozzle translational speed is 1-2m/min; There is the thin and fine and close oxide film of one deck on the nickel-tungsten alloy plating surface that obtains, and it consists of NiO and WO
3, the coating light is fine and close, coating microhardness HV600-680, and coating and matrix bond are good;
5, the making of backing:
Add through the alloy shell back side of spraying galvanic deposit framed, described framedly made by steel plate, its shape is consistent with the alloy shell outer rim of master mold, the filling high strength cement is as backing in framed, shell, framed, high strength cement are connected by resin;
6, aftertreatment:
The demoulding is also with unnecessary limit excision; Mould alloy shell internal surface is revised polishing, finally obtain operable mould.
The present invention compared with prior art has following advantage:
1, the present invention adopts the injection electro-deposition techniques, be easy to high-melting-point, high hardness alloy material are deposited on the conducting ceramic material, and the alloy mold of manufacturing is compared with traditional monometallic, have intensity height, hardness height, excellent properties such as high temperature resistant, the injection electrodeposition cladding is smooth, easily processing.
2, in spraying electrodeposition process master mold is heated, control master mold temperature is conducive to the combination of coating and matrix, and thickness of coating is improved.
3, there is the thin and fine and close oxide film of one deck on the high-melting-point nickel-tungsten alloy plating surface of injection galvanic deposit, and it consists of NiO and WO
3, coating light is fine and close, coating microhardness HV600-680, be the 4-10 of zinc or aluminium zinc microhardness doubly, and coating and matrix bond are good.
4, by injection galvanic deposit die-manufacturing method manufacturing high rigidity, high-strength die very big development space is arranged, not only because its material price is cheap, more spray galvanic deposit die life because high rigidity, high-intensity mould shell can increase substantially, thereby widen the range of application of spraying the galvanic deposit mould.
Embodiment
Embodiment 1
Be raw material with high temperature resistant conductivity ceramics; the shape and size of determining mother plate substrate according to the shape and size of product are made no roasting ceramic female die matrix with usual way; dried 8 hours at 105～110 ℃; mother plate substrate after the oven dry; 3D digital-to-analogue according to part is carried out mechanical workout to mother plate substrate on numerically-controlled machine; make the mother plate substrate that matches with 3D digital-to-analogue shape, obtain the master mold that size and precision meet the product design requirement fully.Polishing master mold internal surface is used the hydrochloric acid brushing master mold internal surface of 18wt% again, improves the master mold inside surface roughness, removes dust and the particle of master mold internal surface.Heat master mold with water bath with thermostatic control, control master mold temperature is at 60 ℃, and temperature is even everywhere to guarantee mother plate substrate.3D digital model to pre-designed part is revised, and carries out layering and handles.Galvanic deposit high-melting-point Ni-W alloy plating liquid is sprayed to the master mold internal surface, according to design variable, nozzle is moved and the continuous injection operation along the mother plate substrate outline shape, jet velocity is 200m/s, and the injection current density is 300A/dm
2, bath pH value is 4.4, and nozzle and master mold surface distance are 10mm, and the nozzle translational speed is 1m/min; Be ejected into the other end from an end of master mold, repeat such process, reach 8mm up to spraying coating thickness, obtain the alloy shell of master mold.There is the thin and fine and close oxide film of one deck on the nickel-tungsten alloy plating surface that obtains, and it consists of NiO and WO
3, the coating light is fine and close, coating microhardness HV654, and coating and matrix bond are good.Framed through the alloy shell back side interpolation steel plate that sprays galvanic deposit, its shape is consistent with the alloy shell outer rim of master mold, in framed, fill high strength cement as backing, shell, framed, high strength cement are by the resin downlink connection, the demoulding is also with unnecessary limit excision, mould alloy shell internal surface is revised polishing, finally obtain operable mould.
Embodiment 2
Be raw material with high temperature resistant conductivity ceramics; the shape and size of determining mother plate substrate according to the shape and size of product are made no roasting ceramic female die matrix with usual way; dried 8 hours at 105～110 ℃; mother plate substrate after the oven dry; 3D digital-to-analogue according to part is carried out mechanical workout to mother plate substrate on numerically-controlled machine; make the mother plate substrate that matches with 3D digital-to-analogue shape, obtain the master mold that size and precision meet the product design requirement fully.Polishing master mold internal surface is used the hydrochloric acid brushing master mold internal surface of 36wt% again, improves the master mold inside surface roughness, removes dust and the particle of master mold internal surface.Heat master mold with water bath with thermostatic control, control master mold temperature is at 50 ℃, and temperature is even everywhere to guarantee mother plate substrate.3D digital model to pre-designed part is revised, and carries out layering and handles.Galvanic deposit high-melting-point Ni-W alloy plating liquid is sprayed to the master mold internal surface, according to design variable, nozzle is moved and the continuous injection operation along the mother plate substrate outline shape, jet velocity is 400m/s, and the injection current density is 400A/dm
2, bath pH value is 4.6, and nozzle and master mold surface distance are 5mm, and the nozzle translational speed is 2m/min; Be ejected into the other end from an end of master mold, repeat such process, reach 15mm up to spraying coating thickness, obtain the alloy shell of master mold.There is the thin and fine and close oxide film of one deck on the nickel-tungsten alloy plating surface that obtains, and it consists of NiO and WO
3, the coating light is fine and close, coating microhardness HV632, and coating and matrix bond are good.Framed through the alloy shell back side interpolation steel plate that sprays galvanic deposit, its shape is consistent with the alloy shell outer rim of master mold, in framed, fill high strength cement as backing, shell, framed, high strength cement are connected by resin, the demoulding is also with unnecessary limit excision, mould alloy shell internal surface is revised polishing, finally obtain operable mould.
Embodiment 3
Be raw material with high temperature resistant conductivity ceramics; the shape and size of determining mother plate substrate according to the shape and size of product are made no roasting ceramic female die matrix with usual way; dried 8 hours at 105～110 ℃; mother plate substrate after the oven dry; 3D digital-to-analogue according to part is carried out mechanical workout to mother plate substrate on numerically-controlled machine; make the mother plate substrate that matches with 3D digital-to-analogue shape, obtain the master mold that size and precision meet the product design requirement fully.Polishing master mold internal surface is used the hydrochloric acid brushing master mold internal surface of 27wt% again, improves the master mold inside surface roughness, removes dust and the particle of master mold internal surface.Heat master mold with water bath with thermostatic control, control master mold temperature is at 40 ℃, and temperature is even everywhere to guarantee mother plate substrate.3D digital model to pre-designed part is revised, and carries out layering and handles.Galvanic deposit high-melting-point Ni-W alloy plating liquid is sprayed to the master mold internal surface, according to design variable, nozzle is moved and the continuous injection operation along the mother plate substrate outline shape, jet velocity is 300m/s, and the injection current density is 350A/dm
2, bath pH value is 4.5, and nozzle and master mold surface distance are 7.5mm, and the nozzle translational speed is 1.5m/min; Be ejected into the other end from an end of master mold, repeat such process, reach 10mm up to spraying coating thickness, obtain the alloy shell of master mold.There is the thin and fine and close oxide film of one deck on the nickel-tungsten alloy plating surface that obtains, and it consists of NiO and WO
3, the coating light is fine and close, coating microhardness HV675, and coating and matrix bond are good.Framed through the alloy shell back side interpolation steel plate that sprays galvanic deposit, its shape is consistent with the alloy shell outer rim of master mold, in framed, fill high strength cement as backing, shell, framed, high strength cement are connected by resin, the demoulding is also with unnecessary limit excision, mould alloy shell internal surface is revised polishing, finally obtain operable mould.
Claims (2)
1. a high-meltiing alloy sprays the galvanic deposit rapid die-manufacturing method, and it is characterized in that: concrete steps are as follows:
1) preparation of master mold:
(1) is raw material with high temperature resistant conductivity ceramics, determines that according to the shape and size of product the shape and size of mother plate substrate are made no roasting ceramic female die matrix with usual way, dried 8 hours at 105～110 ℃;
(2) mother plate substrate after the oven dry carries out mechanical workout to mother plate substrate according to the 3D digital-to-analogue of part on numerically-controlled machine, makes the mother plate substrate that matches with 3D digital-to-analogue shape, obtains the master mold that size and precision meet the product design requirement fully;
2) pre-treatment of master mold:
Polishing master mold internal surface is used the hydrochloric acid brushing master mold internal surface of 18-36wt% again;
3) master mold is heated:
Heat master mold with water bath with thermostatic control, control master mold temperature is at 40-60 ℃, and temperature is even everywhere to guarantee mother plate substrate;
4) alloy sprays galvanic deposit:
(1) the 3D digital model of pre-designed part is revised, carried out layering and handle;
(2) galvanic deposit high-melting-point Ni-W alloy plating liquid is sprayed to the master mold internal surface; according to design variable; nozzle is moved and the continuous injection operation along the mother plate substrate outline shape; be ejected into the other end from an end of master mold; repeat such process, reach 5-15mm up to spraying coating thickness, obtain the alloy shell of master mold; there is the thin and fine and close oxide film of one deck on the nickel-tungsten alloy plating surface that obtains, and it consists of NiO and WO
3, the coating light is fine and close, coating microhardness HV600-680, and coating and matrix bond are good;
5) making of backing:
Add through the alloy shell back side of spraying galvanic deposit framed, described framedly made by steel plate, its shape is consistent with the alloy shell outer rim of master mold, the filling high strength cement is as backing in framed, shell, framed, high strength cement are connected by resin;
6) aftertreatment:
The demoulding is also with unnecessary limit excision; Mould alloy shell internal surface is revised polishing, finally obtain operable mould.
2. high-meltiing alloy according to claim 1 sprays the galvanic deposit rapid die-manufacturing method, and it is characterized in that: the jet velocity of electroplate liquid is 200-400m/s, and the injection current density is 300-400A/dm
2, bath pH value is 4.4-4.6, and nozzle and master mold surface distance are 5-10mm, and the nozzle translational speed is 1-2m/min.
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| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
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| CN201310198424.9A CN103290436B (en) | 2013-05-24 | 2013-05-24 | A kind of high-meltiing alloy jet-electrodeposited method rapid die-manufacturing method |
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| CN201310198424.9A CN103290436B (en) | 2013-05-24 | 2013-05-24 | A kind of high-meltiing alloy jet-electrodeposited method rapid die-manufacturing method |
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Cited By (2)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN108149282A (en) * | 2017-12-20 | 2018-06-12 | 广东工业大学 | A kind of substrate surface metallization molding micro-mould manufacturing method of jet flow electroforming |
| CN110359069A (en) * | 2019-07-16 | 2019-10-22 | 吉林大学 | A kind of more metal mixed increasing material manufacturing device and methods of liquid phase |
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Patent Citations (7)
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| CN1488473A (en) * | 2003-08-18 | 2004-04-14 | 西安交通大学 | Special robot of die for rapid manufacture of covering piece for automobile by metal arc-spraying |
| JP2009091600A (en) * | 2007-10-04 | 2009-04-30 | Osaka Univ | Method for forming electroconductive layer having transferred shape in electrocasting method |
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Non-Patent Citations (1)
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Cited By (3)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN108149282A (en) * | 2017-12-20 | 2018-06-12 | 广东工业大学 | A kind of substrate surface metallization molding micro-mould manufacturing method of jet flow electroforming |
| CN110359069A (en) * | 2019-07-16 | 2019-10-22 | 吉林大学 | A kind of more metal mixed increasing material manufacturing device and methods of liquid phase |
| CN110359069B (en) * | 2019-07-16 | 2021-01-29 | 吉林大学 | Liquid-phase multi-metal mixed additive manufacturing device and method |
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| CN103290436B (en) | 2015-08-05 |
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