CN103290436B - A kind of high-meltiing alloy jet-electrodeposited method rapid die-manufacturing method - Google Patents
A kind of high-meltiing alloy jet-electrodeposited method rapid die-manufacturing method Download PDFInfo
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- CN103290436B CN103290436B CN201310198424.9A CN201310198424A CN103290436B CN 103290436 B CN103290436 B CN 103290436B CN 201310198424 A CN201310198424 A CN 201310198424A CN 103290436 B CN103290436 B CN 103290436B
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Abstract
A kind of high-meltiing alloy jet-electrodeposited method rapid die-manufacturing method, the method mainly adopts does replica matrix without roasting conductivity ceramics master mold, high-meltiing alloy electroplate liquid is sprayed again to master mold surface, spraying coating reaches the alloy shell that certain thickness obtains master mold, add framed at the shell back side, potting resin and high strength cement backing, carry out the aftertreatment such as trimming and polishing to shell surface after the demoulding, namely obtains operable mould.The mould of manufacture of the present invention is alloy, has the excellent properties such as intensity is high, hardness is high, high temperature resistant than single metal mold; Jet-electrodeposited method die life can be increased substantially, thus widen the range of application of jet-electrodeposited method mould.
Description
Technical field the present invention relates to a kind of rapid tooling manufacturing method.
Background technology alloy jet-electrodeposited method Rapid tooling is a kind of mold making technology based on " copying ", it is using conduction mock-up (or being called prototype) as master mold, take master mold as negative electrode, nickel plate is anode, by impeller pump, electrolytic solution is ejected into cathode surface, direct current on leading to, makes alloy deposition at master mold on the surface, form certain thickness close coating, i.e. mould shell.The mould shell exact copies shape of prototype, obtains required mold cavity, after completing the aftertreatment technologys such as back lining materials cast, the demoulding, polishing, can complete the quick manufacture of mould.Alloy jet-electrodeposited method mould making process flow process mainly comprises: the preparation of master mold and process; Alloy jet-electrodeposited method; Fill back lining materials; The demoulding and aftertreatment etc.According to practical situation and the required numerical control precision work also can carried out surface finish or carry out few cutting output, to obtain higher form accuracy, dimensional precision and surface quality.
For metal blank drawing forming mold, the metallic substance of alloy (metal) jet-electrodeposited method rapid die-manufacturing is generally low melting point metal in zinc, aluminium zinc etc., hardness, the intensity of alloy jet-electrodeposited method mould and depend on jet-electrodeposited method alloying constituent completely work-ing life, and middle low melting point metal hardness is low, intensity is low, die life is low, can not reach production in enormous quantities, range of application is restricted; And high-meltiing alloy jet-electrodeposited method mfg. moulding die, the hardness of metal shell can be significantly improved, improve the mold use life-span, expand mould range of application.So there is human hair to understand a kind of " electric arc spraying stamping die of automotive covering part method for fast mfg " (China Patent Publication No. CN1488455), content is a kind of metal spraying by electric arc stamping die of automotive covering part method for fast mfg.The method is based on metal spraying by electric arc technology, the technology such as, molding for epoxy resin, Brush Plating shaping in conjunction with glass reinforced plastic achieve the quick manufacture of car panel die, for the sample car in new car model development, cladding member mold trial-production provide quick, the economic means of services.The method comprises, the processing steps such as the preparation of spraying master mold, matrix process, metal spraying by electric arc, back lining materials filling, the mould of final formation presents gradient layer structure on transverse section, each structural sheet has different mechanical propertys, be conducive to playing material behavior, both ensure that mold integral performance requriements, and in turn simplify technique, reduce cost.The method does not relate to die-manufacturing method and the jet-electrodeposited method method making mould of high-meltiing alloy material.Another part of Chinese patent " a kind of high-melting metal arc spraying rapid die-manufacturing method " (publication number CN101463181), content is a kind of high-melting metal arc spraying rapid die-manufacturing method.The method, based on metal spraying by electric arc technology, achieves the quick manufacture of mould in conjunction with the technology such as forming process of ceramics, molding for epoxy resin.The method comprises, and the processing steps such as the preparation of spraying master mold, matrix process, metal spraying by electric arc, back lining materials filling, both ensure that mold integral performance requriements, and in turn simplify technique, reduce cost.The method does not relate to die-manufacturing method and the jet-electrodeposited method method making mould of high-meltiing alloy material.
Mostly domestic and international adopted thermospray quickly manufacturing mould material is middle low melting point metal material at present, with zinc, aluminium zinc etc. for low melting point metal electric arc spraying Rapid tooling in representative is applied in automobile large-scale covering mould development and sample car manufacture, with its fast and low cost feature embody huge economic worth and achieve good economic benefit.But because the hardness of zinc, aluminium zinc is relatively low, die life and range of application are subject to a definite limitation.
Summary of the invention the object of the present invention is to provide a kind of high-meltiing alloy jet-electrodeposited method rapid die-manufacturing method adopting the die-manufacturing method of high-meltiing alloy material and jet-electrodeposited method method to make mould.
For achieving the above object, the present invention adopts following technical scheme:
1, the preparation of master mold:
(1) with high temperature resistant conductivity ceramics for raw material, make without fired ceramic mother plate substrate according to the shape and size of the shape and size determination mother plate substrate of product usual way, carry out oven dry 8 hours at 105 ~ 110 DEG C;
(2) mother plate substrate after drying, the 3D digital-to-analogue according to part carries out mechanical workout to mother plate substrate on numerically-controlled machine, manufactures the mother plate substrate matched with 3D digital-to-analogue shape, and acquisition size and precision meet the master mold of product design requirement completely.
2, the pre-treatment of master mold:
Polishing master mold internal surface, then use the hydrochloric acid brushing master mold internal surface of 18-36wt%, improve master mold inside surface roughness, remove dust and the particle of master mold internal surface;
3, master mold is heated:
Heat master mold with water bath with thermostatic control, control master mold temperature at 40-60 DEG C, and ensure mother plate substrate homogeneous temperature everywhere;
4, alloy jet-electrodeposited method:
(1) in order to enable nozzle move and continuous injection operation along mother plate substrate outline shape, needing to revise the 3D digital model of pre-designed part, carrying out layered shaping;
(2) galvanic deposit high-melting-point Ni-W alloy plating liquid is sprayed to master mold internal surface, according to design variable, nozzle is moved and continuous injection operation along mother plate substrate outline shape, the other end is ejected into from one end of master mold, repeat such process, until spraying coating thickness reaches 5-15mm, obtain the alloy shell of master mold;
Best, jet velocity is 200-400m/s, and injection current density is 300-400A/dm
2, bath pH value is 4.4-4.6, and nozzle and master mold surface distance are 5-10mm, and nozzle translational speed is 1-2m/min; The nickel-tungsten alloy plating surface obtained has one deck thin and the oxide film of densification, and it consists of NiO and WO
3, coating light is fine and close, coating microhardness HV600-680, and coating and matrix combine good;
5, the making of backing:
The alloy shell back side through jet-electrodeposited method is added framed, to be describedly framedly made up of steel plate, its shape is consistent with the alloy shell outer rim of master mold, and at framed interior filling high strength cement as backing, shell, framed, high strength cement are connected by resin;
6, aftertreatment:
Unnecessary limit is also excised by the demoulding; Correction polishing is carried out to mould alloy shell internal surface, finally obtains operable mould.
The present invention compared with prior art tool has the following advantages:
1, the present invention adopts Jet Electrodeposition, be easy to high-melting-point, high hardness alloy deposition of material on conducting ceramic material, and manufactured alloy mold is compared with traditional monometallic, there is the excellent properties such as intensity is high, hardness is high, high temperature resistant, jet-electrodeposited method coating is smooth, easily processes.
2, heat master mold in jet-electrodeposited method process, control the combination that master mold temperature is conducive to coating and matrix, thickness of coating is improved.
3, the high-melting-point nickel-tungsten alloy plating surface of jet-electrodeposited method has one deck thin and the oxide film of densification, and it consists of NiO and WO
3, coating light is fine and close, coating microhardness HV600-680, be the 4-10 of zinc or aluminium zinc microhardness doubly, and coating and matrix combine good.
4, very large development space is had by jet-electrodeposited method die-manufacturing method manufacture high rigidity, high-strength die, not only because its material price is cheap, more because the mould shell of high rigidity, high strength can increase substantially jet-electrodeposited method die life, thus widen the range of application of jet-electrodeposited method mould.
Embodiment
Embodiment 1
With high temperature resistant conductivity ceramics for raw material; shape and size according to the shape and size determination mother plate substrate of product make without fired ceramic mother plate substrate by usual way; oven dry is carried out 8 hours at 105 ~ 110 DEG C; mother plate substrate after oven dry; 3D digital-to-analogue according to part carries out mechanical workout to mother plate substrate on numerically-controlled machine; manufacture the mother plate substrate matched with 3D digital-to-analogue shape, acquisition size and precision meet the master mold of product design requirement completely.Polishing master mold internal surface, then use the hydrochloric acid brushing master mold internal surface of 18wt%, improve master mold inside surface roughness, remove dust and the particle of master mold internal surface.Heat master mold with water bath with thermostatic control, control master mold temperature at 60 DEG C, and ensure mother plate substrate homogeneous temperature everywhere.The 3D digital model of pre-designed part is revised, carries out layered shaping.Galvanic deposit high-melting-point Ni-W alloy plating liquid is sprayed to master mold internal surface, and according to design variable, nozzle is moved and continuous injection operation along mother plate substrate outline shape, and jet velocity is 200m/s, and injection current density is 300A/dm
2, bath pH value is 4.4, and nozzle and master mold surface distance are 10mm, and nozzle translational speed is 1m/min; Be ejected into the other end from one end of master mold, repeat such process, until spraying coating thickness reaches 8mm, obtain the alloy shell of master mold.The nickel-tungsten alloy plating surface obtained has one deck thin and the oxide film of densification, and it consists of NiO and WO
3, coating light is fine and close, coating microhardness HV654, and coating and matrix combine good.Steel plate is added at the alloy shell back side through jet-electrodeposited method framed, its shape is consistent with the alloy shell outer rim of master mold, at framed interior filling high strength cement as backing, shell, framed, high strength cement are by resin downlink connection, unnecessary limit is also excised by the demoulding, correction polishing is carried out to mould alloy shell internal surface, finally obtains operable mould.
Embodiment 2
With high temperature resistant conductivity ceramics for raw material; shape and size according to the shape and size determination mother plate substrate of product make without fired ceramic mother plate substrate by usual way; oven dry is carried out 8 hours at 105 ~ 110 DEG C; mother plate substrate after oven dry; 3D digital-to-analogue according to part carries out mechanical workout to mother plate substrate on numerically-controlled machine; manufacture the mother plate substrate matched with 3D digital-to-analogue shape, acquisition size and precision meet the master mold of product design requirement completely.Polishing master mold internal surface, then use the hydrochloric acid brushing master mold internal surface of 36wt%, improve master mold inside surface roughness, remove dust and the particle of master mold internal surface.Heat master mold with water bath with thermostatic control, control master mold temperature at 50 DEG C, and ensure mother plate substrate homogeneous temperature everywhere.The 3D digital model of pre-designed part is revised, carries out layered shaping.Galvanic deposit high-melting-point Ni-W alloy plating liquid is sprayed to master mold internal surface, and according to design variable, nozzle is moved and continuous injection operation along mother plate substrate outline shape, and jet velocity is 400m/s, and injection current density is 400A/dm
2, bath pH value is 4.6, and nozzle and master mold surface distance are 5mm, and nozzle translational speed is 2m/min; Be ejected into the other end from one end of master mold, repeat such process, until spraying coating thickness reaches 15mm, obtain the alloy shell of master mold.The nickel-tungsten alloy plating surface obtained has one deck thin and the oxide film of densification, and it consists of NiO and WO
3, coating light is fine and close, coating microhardness HV632, and coating and matrix combine good.Steel plate is added at the alloy shell back side through jet-electrodeposited method framed, its shape is consistent with the alloy shell outer rim of master mold, at framed interior filling high strength cement as backing, shell, framed, high strength cement are connected by resin, unnecessary limit is also excised by the demoulding, correction polishing is carried out to mould alloy shell internal surface, finally obtains operable mould.
Embodiment 3
With high temperature resistant conductivity ceramics for raw material; shape and size according to the shape and size determination mother plate substrate of product make without fired ceramic mother plate substrate by usual way; oven dry is carried out 8 hours at 105 ~ 110 DEG C; mother plate substrate after oven dry; 3D digital-to-analogue according to part carries out mechanical workout to mother plate substrate on numerically-controlled machine; manufacture the mother plate substrate matched with 3D digital-to-analogue shape, acquisition size and precision meet the master mold of product design requirement completely.Polishing master mold internal surface, then use the hydrochloric acid brushing master mold internal surface of 27wt%, improve master mold inside surface roughness, remove dust and the particle of master mold internal surface.Heat master mold with water bath with thermostatic control, control master mold temperature at 40 DEG C, and ensure mother plate substrate homogeneous temperature everywhere.The 3D digital model of pre-designed part is revised, carries out layered shaping.Galvanic deposit high-melting-point Ni-W alloy plating liquid is sprayed to master mold internal surface, and according to design variable, nozzle is moved and continuous injection operation along mother plate substrate outline shape, and jet velocity is 300m/s, and injection current density is 350A/dm
2, bath pH value is 4.5, and nozzle and master mold surface distance are 7.5mm, and nozzle translational speed is 1.5m/min; Be ejected into the other end from one end of master mold, repeat such process, until spraying coating thickness reaches 10mm, obtain the alloy shell of master mold.The nickel-tungsten alloy plating surface obtained has one deck thin and the oxide film of densification, and it consists of NiO and WO
3, coating light is fine and close, coating microhardness HV675, and coating and matrix combine good.Steel plate is added at the alloy shell back side through jet-electrodeposited method framed, its shape is consistent with the alloy shell outer rim of master mold, at framed interior filling high strength cement as backing, shell, framed, high strength cement are connected by resin, unnecessary limit is also excised by the demoulding, correction polishing is carried out to mould alloy shell internal surface, finally obtains operable mould.
Claims (1)
1. a high-meltiing alloy jet-electrodeposited method rapid die-manufacturing method, concrete steps are as follows:
1) preparation of master mold:
(1) with high temperature resistant conductivity ceramics for raw material, make without fired ceramic mother plate substrate according to the shape and size of the shape and size determination mother plate substrate of product usual way, carry out oven dry 8 hours at 105 ~ 110 DEG C;
(2) mother plate substrate after drying, the 3D digital-to-analogue according to part carries out mechanical workout to mother plate substrate on numerically-controlled machine, manufactures the mother plate substrate matched with 3D digital-to-analogue shape, and acquisition size and precision meet the master mold of product design requirement completely;
2) pre-treatment of master mold:
Polishing master mold internal surface, then use the hydrochloric acid brushing master mold internal surface of 18-36wt%;
3) master mold is heated:
Heat master mold with water bath with thermostatic control, control master mold temperature at 40-50 DEG C, and ensure mother plate substrate homogeneous temperature everywhere; It is characterized in that:
4) alloy jet-electrodeposited method:
(1) the 3D digital model of pre-designed part is revised, carry out layered shaping;
(2) galvanic deposit high-melting-point Ni-W alloy plating liquid is sprayed to master mold internal surface, be 200-400m/s according to the jet velocity of electroplate liquid, injection current density is 300-400A/dm
2bath pH value is 4.4-4.6; nozzle and master mold surface distance are 5-10mm, and nozzle translational speed is 1-2m/min, and nozzle is moved and continuous injection operation along mother plate substrate outline shape; the other end is ejected into from one end of master mold; repeat such process, until spraying coating thickness reaches 5-15mm, obtain the alloy shell of master mold; the nickel-tungsten alloy plating surface obtained has one deck thin and the oxide film of densification, and it consists of NiO and WO
3, coating light is fine and close, coating microhardness HV600-680, and coating and matrix combine good;
5) making of backing:
The alloy shell back side through jet-electrodeposited method is added framed, to be describedly framedly made up of steel plate, its shape is consistent with the alloy shell outer rim of master mold, and at framed interior filling high strength cement as backing, shell, framed, high strength cement are connected by resin;
6) aftertreatment:
Unnecessary limit is also excised by the demoulding; Correction polishing is carried out to mould alloy shell internal surface, finally obtains operable mould.
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| CN108149282A (en) * | 2017-12-20 | 2018-06-12 | 广东工业大学 | A kind of substrate surface metallization molding micro-mould manufacturing method of jet flow electroforming |
| CN110359069B (en) * | 2019-07-16 | 2021-01-29 | 吉林大学 | Liquid-phase multi-metal mixed additive manufacturing device and method |
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| JP5256680B2 (en) * | 2007-10-04 | 2013-08-07 | 秀和 三村 | Method for forming shape transfer conductive layer in electroforming |
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| CN1488473A (en) * | 2003-08-18 | 2004-04-14 | 西安交通大学 | Special robot of die for rapid manufacture of covering piece for automobile by metal arc-spraying |
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