CN103285551B - Liquid ammonia elimination reagent and preparation method thereof - Google Patents
Liquid ammonia elimination reagent and preparation method thereof Download PDFInfo
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- CN103285551B CN103285551B CN201310245095.9A CN201310245095A CN103285551B CN 103285551 B CN103285551 B CN 103285551B CN 201310245095 A CN201310245095 A CN 201310245095A CN 103285551 B CN103285551 B CN 103285551B
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- elimination reagent
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Abstract
The invention discloses a liquid ammonia elimination reagent and a preparation method thereof, and is characterized in that the elimination reagent is prepared from organic acids, low alcohols, surfactants and water by the following steps: dissolving the low alcohols into water, stirring evenly to obtain an alcohol-water mixed solution, then adding the organic acids and the surfactants into the alcohol-water mixed solution, stirring until the all components are completely dissolved, and obtaining the liquid ammonia elimination reagent. A chemical reaction between the organic acids and ammonia is employed, so that an ammonia molecule is converted to an ammonium ion, the ammonia absorption efficiency of fine water mist is significantly improved, and ammonia is thoroughly eliminated; and by adding the low alcohols and the surfactants, the solubility of the organic acids is improved, the corrosive of the elimination reagent is further reduced, and the flowing property and the frost resistance of the elimination reagent are improved.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to hazardous chemical decontaminant field, particularly a kind of liquid ammonia elimination reagent and preparation method thereof.
Background technology
Liquefied ammonia is a kind of important industrial chemicals, and widely, industrially it is conventional inorganic nonaqueous solvents and refrigerant in application.Liquefied ammonia is the main file layout of ammonia, is transport and storage facility, usually the ammonia of gaseous state is obtained liquid ammonia by pressurizeing or cooling.Liquefied ammonia volatility is large, and corrosivity is strong, store and transport time the probability that has an accident very high, and once there is leakage, liquefied ammonia can cause that personnel are poisoning, environmental pollution, and the disaster such as even explode, on fire.After A leak of liquefied ammonia, decontamination thoroughly must be carried out to it, endangered drop to minimum.
Common liquefied ammonia decontamination, mainly according to the feature that ammonia is soluble in water, utilize spray water to carry out sprinkling to Polluted area and absorb, but the method for this pure water decontamination thoroughly can not be eliminated the harm of ammonia.On the one hand, decontamination product ammoniacal liquor poor stability, ammonia poisonous after being heated can evaporate again; Meanwhile, ammoniacal liquor itself also has malicious corrosivity, if do not reclaimed in time, secondary can be caused to endanger to human body and environment.For improving decontaminating effect, usually in water, add the material of some energy and ammoniacal liquor generation chemical reaction, as watery hydrochloric acid etc., hydrochloric acid and ammoniacal liquor reaction can generate ammonium chloride, not only increase the absorptivity of water to ammonia, volatile ammonia also can be made to be converted into more stable ammonium salt, but hydrochloric acid is a kind of strong inorganic acid, easily corrosion is caused to hardware, restricted application.
Summary of the invention
The present invention is the weak point for avoiding existing for above-mentioned prior art, provides a kind of decontamination efficiency high, nontoxic and the liquid ammonia elimination reagent that corrosivity is low.
The present invention is that technical solution problem adopts following technical scheme:
The feature of liquid ammonia elimination reagent of the present invention is: described liquid ammonia elimination reagent consists of the following composition by mass percentage:
Organic acid: 2.5 ~ 25.0%;
Low alcohol: 1.0 ~ 8.0%;
Surfactant: 0.5 ~ 2.0%;
Water: 65.0 ~ 96.0%.
The feature of liquid ammonia elimination reagent of the present invention is also: the multiple of a kind of or any proportioning in citric acid, tartaric acid, malic acid and lactic acid selected by described organic acid.
Described surfactant is chosen as fluorine surfactant, lauryl sodium sulfate, dodecyl sodium sulfate, NPE, α olefin sulfonate or sodium sulfate of polyethenoxy ether of fatty alcohol.
Described low alcohol is chosen as the mixing of ethanol, ethylene glycol or both any proportionings.
The preparation method of described liquid ammonia elimination reagent is:
Low alcohol be dissolved in water, stir to obtain alcohol water mixed solution, then in alcohol water mixed solution, adds organic acid and surfactant, is stirred to after dissolving completely, obtains liquid ammonia elimination reagent.
Compared with the prior art, beneficial effect of the present invention is embodied in:
1, liquid ammonia elimination reagent of the present invention take organic acid as the compound water system decontaminant of main component, utilize the chemical reaction between organic acid and ammonia, make amino molecule be converted into ammonium ion, significantly improve the absorption efficiency of water mists to ammonia, play the effect of thorough decontamination ammonia; And the adding of low alcohol and surfactant in the present invention, not only increase organic acid solubility, also reduce further the corrosivity of decontaminant, and improve mobile performance and the anti-freezing property of decontaminant;
2, the raw material that adopts of liquid ammonia elimination reagent of the present invention is cheap and easy to get, nontoxic; The preparation technology of decontaminant is simple, and decontamination efficiency is high, and decontamination is thorough; Compared to inorganic acid class decontaminant, adopt organic acid decontaminant acidity low, little to washing equipment corrosivity;
3, the decontamination product safety non-toxic of decontaminant of the present invention, and biodegradable, little on the impact of decontamination site environment;
4, little, the good fluidity of the surface tension of decontaminant of the present invention, is applicable to various water mists washing sterilizer.
Detailed description of the invention
Embodiment 1: at room temperature preparation is containing the liquid ammonia elimination reagent of citric acid
The present embodiment liquid ammonia elimination reagent is using monohydrate potassium as organic acid, using ethanol as low alcohol and selects F-4 fluorine surfactant, and the preparation method of the present embodiment liquid ammonia elimination reagent is as follows:
At ambient temperature, 0.25kg ethanol is dissolved in 5.0kg water, stir to obtain alcohol water mixed solution, then in alcohol water mixed solution, 1.2kg monohydrate potassium and 0.05kgF-4 fluorine surfactant is added, be stirred to after dissolving completely, namely obtain the liquid ammonia elimination reagent solution of water white transparency clarification.
Through pH meter test, the pH value of the liquid ammonia elimination reagent prepared by the present embodiment is 2.72; Uncovered placement 24h in atmosphere, solution still keeps clarification, and pH value change is between ± 0.1.
This liquid ammonia elimination reagent solution is contained in the decontaminant storage tank of 9.0L, is all sprayed onto by fine mist spray head the 1.0m that ammonia concentration is 0.2g/L
3simulation decontamination space, in 3min rear space, in gas phase, ammonia density can be reduced to below 20ppm, and after decontamination, in aqueous phase, the concentration of ammonia is 0.10mg/L.
In this decontaminant, the concentration of organic additive is 18.5%, and concentration is higher, is applicable to the decontamination that liquefied ammonia reveals the higher region of concentration.
Embodiment 2: the tartrated liquid ammonia elimination reagent prepared under-5 ° of C
The present embodiment liquid ammonia elimination reagent is using racemic tartaric acid as organic acid, using ethylene glycol as low alcohol and selects NPE (OP-10) as surfactant, and the preparation method of the present embodiment liquid ammonia elimination reagent is as follows:
Under the environmental condition of-5 ° of C, 0.5kg ethylene glycol is joined in 4.5kg water, stir to obtain alcohol water mixed solution, then in alcohol water mixed solution, add 0.95kg racemic tartaric acid and 0.05kg NPE (OP-10), be stirred to after dissolving completely, namely obtain the liquid ammonia elimination reagent solution of water white transparency clarification.
Through pH meter test, the pH value of the liquid ammonia elimination reagent prepared by the present embodiment is 2.25; Uncovered placement 24h in atmosphere, solution still keeps clarification, and pH value change, between ± 0.1, has not observed icing phenomenon.
This liquid ammonia elimination reagent solution is contained in the decontaminant storage tank of 9.0L, is all sprayed onto by fine mist spray head the 1.0m that ammonia concentration is 0.2g/L
3simulation decontamination space, after 3min, in decontamination space, in gas phase, ammonia density can be reduced to below 20ppm, after decontamination in aqueous phase the concentration of ammonia at 0.22mg/L.
In decontaminant in the present embodiment, the concentration of organic additive is 15.8%, and decontaminant still keeps good mobile performance under-5 ° of C, does not observe any icing phenomenon, shows that it possesses good anti-freezing property, is applicable to the decontamination of liquefied ammonia under low temperature.
Embodiment 3: preparation is containing the liquid ammonia elimination reagent of malic acid under 0 ° of C
The present embodiment liquid ammonia elimination reagent is using malic acid as organic acid, using ethylene glycol and ethanol as low alcohol and selects α olefin sulfonate as surfactant, and the preparation method of the present embodiment liquid ammonia elimination reagent is as follows:
Under the environmental condition of 0 ° of C, the ethanol of 0.25kg ethylene glycol and 0.25kg is dissolved in 4.5kg water, stir to obtain alcohol water mixed solution, then in alcohol water mixed solution, 0.98kg malic acid and 0.02kg α olefin sulfonate is added, be stirred to after dissolving completely, namely obtain the liquid ammonia elimination reagent solution of water white transparency clarification.
Through pH meter test, the pH value of the liquid ammonia elimination reagent prepared by the present embodiment is 3.12, in atmosphere uncovered placement 24h, and solution still keeps clarification, and pH value change is between ± 0.1.
This liquid ammonia elimination reagent solution is contained in the decontaminant storage tank of 9.0L, is all sprayed onto by fine mist spray head the 1.0m that ammonia concentration is 0.2g/L
3simulation decontamination space, in 3min rear space, in gas phase, ammonia density can be reduced to below 20ppm, after decontamination in aqueous phase the concentration of ammonia at 0.14mg/L.
In decontaminant in the present embodiment, the concentration of organic additive is 16.3%, decontaminant still keeps good mobile performance under 0 ° of C, do not observe any icing phenomenon, show that it possesses good anti-freezing property, be applicable to the decontamination of liquefied ammonia leak area under low temperature.
Embodiment 4: preparation is containing the liquid ammonia elimination reagent of lactic acid under 20 ° of C
The present embodiment liquid ammonia elimination reagent is using lactic acid as organic acid, using ethanol as low alcohol and selects sodium sulfate of polyethenoxy ether of fatty alcohol as surfactant, and the preparation method of the present embodiment liquid ammonia elimination reagent is as follows:
Under the environmental condition of 20 ° of C, 0.40kg ethanol is joined in 5.0kg water, stir to obtain alcohol water mixed solution, then in alcohol water mixed solution, 0.54kg lactic acid and 0.06kg sodium sulfate of polyethenoxy ether of fatty alcohol is added, be stirred to after dissolving completely, namely obtain the liquid ammonia elimination reagent solution of water white transparency clarification.
Through pH meter test, the pH value of the liquid ammonia elimination reagent prepared by the present embodiment is 3.84; Uncovered placement 24h in atmosphere, solution still keeps clarification, and pH value change is between ± 0.1.
This liquid ammonia elimination reagent solution is contained in the decontaminant storage tank of 9.0L, is all sprayed onto by fine mist spray head the 1.0m that ammonia concentration is 0.1g/L
3simulation decontamination space, in 3min rear space, in gas phase, the concentration of ammonia can be reduced to below 20ppm, after decontamination in aqueous phase the concentration of ammonia at 0.28mg/L.
In decontaminant in the present embodiment, the concentration of organic additive is 9.0%, and concentration is lower, is applicable to the decontamination that liquefied ammonia reveals concentration lower region.
Embodiment 5: preparation contains the liquid ammonia elimination reagent of citric acid and malic acid under 20 ° of C
The present embodiment liquid ammonia elimination reagent is using monohydrate potassium and malic acid as organic acid, using ethanol as low alcohol and selects lauryl sodium sulfate as surfactant, and the preparation method of the present embodiment liquid ammonia elimination reagent is as follows:
Under the environmental condition of 20 ° of C, 0.5kg ethanol is joined in 4.5kg water, stir to obtain alcohol water mixed solution, then in alcohol water mixed solution, 1.0kg monohydrate potassium and 0.45kg malic acid is added, be stirred to after dissolving completely, add 0.05kg lauryl sodium sulfate again, be stirred to and dissolve completely, namely obtain the liquid ammonia elimination reagent solution of water white transparency clarification.
Through pH meter test, the ammonia decontamination agent prepared by the present embodiment, its pH value is 2.85; Uncovered placement 24h in atmosphere, solution still keeps clarification, and pH value change is between ± 0.1.
This liquid ammonia elimination reagent solution is contained in the decontaminant storage tank of 9.0L, is all sprayed onto by fine mist spray head the 1.0m that ammonia concentration is 0.3g/L
3simulation decontamination space, in 3min rear space, in gas phase, the concentration of ammonia can be reduced to below 20ppm, after decontamination in aqueous phase the concentration of ammonia at 0.08mg/L.
Decontaminant in the present embodiment contains citric acid and malic acid two kinds of organic additives, and organic acid total concentration is 21.0%, and concentration is higher, is applicable to the decontamination that liquefied ammonia reveals the higher region of concentration.
Claims (2)
1. a liquid ammonia elimination reagent, is characterized in that: described liquid ammonia elimination reagent consists of the following composition by mass percentage:
Organic acid: 2.5 ~ 25.0%;
Low alcohol: 1.0 ~ 8.0%;
Surfactant: 0.5 ~ 2.0%;
Water: 65.0 ~ 96.0%;
The multiple of a kind of or any proportioning in citric acid, tartaric acid, malic acid and lactic acid selected by described organic acid;
Described surfactant is chosen as fluorine surfactant, lauryl sodium sulfate, dodecyl sodium sulfate, NPE, α olefin sulfonate or sodium sulfate of polyethenoxy ether of fatty alcohol;
Described low alcohol is chosen as the mixing of ethanol, ethylene glycol or both any proportionings.
2. a preparation method for liquid ammonia elimination reagent, is characterized in that: described liquid ammonia elimination reagent consisting of by mass percentage:
Organic acid: 2.5 ~ 25.0%;
Low alcohol: 1.0 ~ 8.0%;
Surfactant: 0.5 ~ 2.0%;
Water: 65.0 ~ 96.0%;
The preparation method of described liquid ammonia elimination reagent is:
Low alcohol be dissolved in water, stir to obtain alcohol water mixed solution, then in alcohol water mixed solution, adds organic acid and surfactant, is stirred to after dissolving completely, obtains liquid ammonia elimination reagent;
The multiple of a kind of or any proportioning in citric acid, tartaric acid, malic acid and lactic acid selected by described organic acid;
Described surfactant is chosen as fluorine surfactant, lauryl sodium sulfate, dodecyl sodium sulfate, NPE, α olefin sulfonate or sodium sulfate of polyethenoxy ether of fatty alcohol;
Described low alcohol is chosen as the mixing of ethanol, ethylene glycol or both any proportionings.
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| CN103285551B true CN103285551B (en) | 2015-06-17 |
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| CN105288928A (en) * | 2015-10-15 | 2016-02-03 | 南京工业大学 | Composite organic acid ammonia gas decontamination agent and preparation method and application thereof |
| CN105381697A (en) * | 2015-10-15 | 2016-03-09 | 南京工业大学 | Organic acid ammonia gas decontamination agent and preparation method and application thereof |
| CN106621168A (en) * | 2016-12-22 | 2017-05-10 | 珠海博纳百润生物科技有限公司 | Low-temperature low-foam decontamination agent for dangerous chemical leakage and preparation method thereof |
Citations (2)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| US6524544B1 (en) * | 2000-10-27 | 2003-02-25 | Aeronex, Inc. | Self-regenerative process for contaminant removal from ammonia |
| CN101284169A (en) * | 2008-05-14 | 2008-10-15 | 中国科学技术大学 | Ammonia decontamination agent and preparation method thereof |
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Patent Citations (2)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| US6524544B1 (en) * | 2000-10-27 | 2003-02-25 | Aeronex, Inc. | Self-regenerative process for contaminant removal from ammonia |
| CN101284169A (en) * | 2008-05-14 | 2008-10-15 | 中国科学技术大学 | Ammonia decontamination agent and preparation method thereof |
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