A kind of motor controller overcurrent judges and protective circuit
Technical field
The present invention relates to circuit field, particularly relate to a kind of motor controller overcurrent and judge and protective circuit.
Background technology
The core devices of new-energy automobile electric machine controller is MOSFET or IGBT constant power device, and its development trend is big current, high-power.The modal damage type of power device is overcurrent damage, therefore measures accurately the output current of electric machine controller and on the basis of Measurement accuracy, carries out reliable overcurrent protection for ensureing that electric machine controller trouble free service is particularly important.
The high-precision current sensor of current dependence can be measured the electric current of controller accurately, but overcurrent protection form conventional is at present rely on software detection to carry out overcurrent protection or rely on the supersaturation of integrated drive chips to detect to carry out simple overcurrent protection.
The reaction speed of carrying out overcurrent protection after software detection is slower; the generation of power device overcurrent can not be measured in time; turn off output signal after detecting again and also need the long period; and power device is very short from spending the time flowing to damage, therefore software protection can not well for power device provides overcurrent protection.The supersaturation of integrated drive chips detects and can fast detecting turn off fast, but cannot set overcurrent protection value, and can not provide overcurrent protection to power device well when lasting big current does not produce supersaturation.
Summary of the invention
The technical problem to be solved in the present invention is just: the problems referred to above existed for prior art; the invention provides the motor controller overcurrent protective circuit that a kind of response time is short, cost is low, versatility is good; the present invention can be electric machine controller power device and provides hardware over-current detection and protection fast; can free setting motor controller overcurrent protective current value, ensure electric machine controller safe and highly efficient operation.
For achieving the above object, a kind of motor controller overcurrent judgement of the present invention and protective circuit comprise overcurrent judgment circuit and current foldback circuit.Above-mentioned overcurrent judgment circuit comprises the first filter circuit, the second filter circuit, forward current overcurrent protection value reference voltage modulate circuit, reverse current overcurrent protection value reference voltage modulate circuit, comparator U1; Above-mentioned first filter circuit is connected with the signal output part of current sensor one, the second filter circuit is connected with the signal output part of current sensor two; The output of above-mentioned first filter circuit, the second filter circuit, forward current overcurrent protection value reference voltage modulate circuit, reverse current overcurrent protection value reference voltage modulate circuit is all connected to the input of comparator U1, and the output of comparator U1 is the output of this overcurrent judgment circuit; Above-mentioned current foldback circuit comprises the triggering holding circuit be connected with the output of overcurrent judgment circuit, the reset circuit be connected with triggering holding circuit; the input of above-mentioned reset circuit is also connected with the reset signal output of motor main control chip, and the output of above-mentioned triggering holding circuit is also connected with power device driving chip.Reset circuit comprises resistance R9, resistance R10, electric capacity C5, electric capacity C6, diode D1, diode D2, resistance R11, resistance R12, wherein: resistance R9 is connected to the reset signal output of motor main control chip; After resistance R9 and electric capacity C5 connects, electric capacity C5 is connected to the positive pole of diode D2, and the negative pole of diode D2 is connected to the positive pole of diode D1, one end of resistance R11, one end of resistance R12, one end of electric capacity C6 simultaneously and triggers an input of holding circuit; The other end of resistance R11 and the negative pole of diode D1 are all connected on power supply VCC; The other end of resistance R12 is connected with the output triggering holding circuit; One end of electric capacity C6 connects the negative pole of diode D2, other end ground connection; Resistance R10 one end is connected between electric capacity C5 and diode D2, other end ground connection.
As a further improvement on the present invention, above-mentioned forward current overcurrent protection value reference voltage modulate circuit comprises resistance R1, resistance R2 and electric capacity C1, and resistance R1 is connected with power supply VCC, resistance R2 ground connection, resistance R1 connects with resistance R2, and electric capacity C1 is connected in parallel on resistance R2 two ends; Above-mentioned reverse current overcurrent protection value reference voltage modulate circuit comprises resistance R3, resistance R4 and electric capacity C2, and resistance R3 is connected with power supply VCC, resistance R4 ground connection, and resistance R3 connects with resistance R4, and electric capacity C2 is connected in parallel on resistance R4 two ends.
Further, above-mentioned overcurrent judgment circuit also comprises the first input signal converting unit for the current signal of input being converted to voltage signal and the second input signal converting unit, wherein, first input signal converting unit comprises resistance R5, resistance R5 one end ground connection, the other end is connected with the signal output part of current sensor one; Second input signal converting unit comprises resistance R6, and resistance R6 one end ground connection, the other end is connected with the signal output part of current sensor two.
Further, above-mentioned comparator U1 comprises the operational amplifier U1A, operational amplifier U1B, operational amplifier U1C, the operational amplifier U1D that are connected in parallel, wherein: the output of above-mentioned forward current overcurrent protection value reference voltage modulate circuit is connected to the in-phase input end of operational amplifier U1B and operational amplifier U1D simultaneously; The output of above-mentioned reverse current overcurrent protection value reference voltage modulate circuit is connected to the inverting input of operational amplifier U1A and operational amplifier U1C simultaneously; The output of above-mentioned first filter circuit is connected to the in-phase input end of operational amplifier U1A and the inverting input of operational amplifier U1B simultaneously; The output of above-mentioned second filter circuit is connected to the in-phase input end of operational amplifier U1C and the inverting input of operational amplifier U1D simultaneously.The power supply termination power VCC of operational amplifier U1A, operational amplifier U1B, operational amplifier U1C, operational amplifier U1D, earth terminal ground connection.
Further, above-mentioned first filter circuit comprises resistance R7 and electric capacity C3, and resistance R7 is connected with the signal output part of current sensor one, electric capacity C3 ground connection, and resistance R7 and electric capacity C3 connects; Above-mentioned second filter circuit comprises resistance R8 and electric capacity C4, and resistance R8 is connected with the signal output part of current sensor two, electric capacity C4 ground connection, and resistance R8 and electric capacity C4 connects.
Further, above-mentioned triggering holding circuit comprises comparator U2B, comparator U2C, a comparator U2D and bleeder circuit, wherein: the reverse input end of the normal phase input end of comparator U2B, the inverting input of comparator U2C, comparator U2D is all connected with bleeder circuit; The normal phase input end of comparator U2D is connected with the negative pole of above-mentioned diode D2; The inverting input of comparator U2B is all connected with the output of comparator U2D with the normal phase input end of comparator U2C; The output of comparator U2C is connected with the other end of resistance R12; The output of comparator U2B is connected with power device driving chip; The output of comparator U2D is also by electric capacity C7 ground connection; Comparator U2B power end connects 12V power supply, earth terminal ground connection; The output of above-mentioned overcurrent judgment circuit is connected to the inverting input of comparator U2B and the normal phase input end of comparator U2C simultaneously.
Further, above-mentioned bleeder circuit is made up of electric capacity C8, resistance R13, resistance R14, and resistance R13 connects power supply VCC, resistance R14 ground connection, and resistance R13 connects with resistance R14, and electric capacity C8 is connected in parallel on resistance R14 two ends.
Further, above-mentioned triggering holding circuit also comprises electric capacity C9 and resistance R15; The power end of above-mentioned comparator U2B is also by electric capacity C9 ground connection; The output of above-mentioned comparator U2B also connects power supply VCC by resistance R15.
Operation principle of the present invention is: before circuit working, calculates the current sensor output voltage values X that the upper current limit that will protect is corresponding, and it is X that adjustment precision resistance R1 and R2 makes R2 to get voltage; The current sensor output voltage values Y that the electric current negative direction upper current limit that will protect of calculating is corresponding, it is Y that adjustment precision resistance R3 and R4 makes R4 to get voltage.During circuit working, if the current signal that current sensor one and current sensor two export is converted to voltage signal Current A, Current B(current sensor one and current sensor two direct voltage output signal Current A, Current B through the first input signal converting unit and the second input signal converting unit, need not change), voltage signal sends into comparator U1 after the first filter circuit and above-mentioned second filter circuit filtering; Comparator U1 judges; when Current A and Current B is greater than X or is less than Y; comparator U1 output low level signal reports an error; power device driving chip receives error signal and shuts output, and FLTn makes current foldback circuit export high level signal to driving chip and keep simultaneously, namely; the signal OE that current foldback circuit is exported to driving chip remains high level; make drive singal shut output, guarantee that power device does not work, until main control chip exports RST signal make system reset.
Relative to prior art, tool of the present invention has the following advantages and beneficial effect:
1, the response time of the present invention is low to moderate nanosecond, fast response time, can measure the generation of power device overcurrent in time, and current foldback circuit can provide hardware overcurrent protection fast in time, ensures electric machine controller safe and highly efficient operation;
2, of the present invention can free setting motor controller overcurrent protective current value, highly versatile;
3, structure of the present invention is simple, cost is low.
Accompanying drawing explanation
Fig. 1 is the circuit diagram of overcurrent judgment circuit;
Fig. 2 is the circuit diagram of current foldback circuit.
Embodiment
Below in conjunction with embodiment and accompanying drawing, the present invention is described in further detail, but embodiments of the present invention are not limited only to this.
[embodiment 1]
A kind of motor controller overcurrent of the present embodiment judges and protective circuit, comprises overcurrent judgment circuit and current foldback circuit.
As shown in Figure 1, overcurrent judgment circuit comprises the first filter circuit, the second filter circuit, forward current overcurrent protection value reference voltage modulate circuit, reverse current overcurrent protection value reference voltage modulate circuit, comparator U1; Above-mentioned first filter circuit is connected with the signal output part of current sensor one, the second filter circuit is connected with the signal output part of current sensor two; The output of above-mentioned first filter circuit, the second filter circuit, forward current overcurrent protection value reference voltage modulate circuit, reverse current overcurrent protection value reference voltage modulate circuit is all connected to the input of comparator U1, and the output of comparator U1 is the output of this overcurrent judgment circuit.
Above-mentioned forward current overcurrent protection value reference voltage modulate circuit comprises resistance R1, resistance R2 and electric capacity C1, and after resistance R1 and resistance R2 connects, the resistance R1 other end is also connected with power supply VCC, resistance R2 other end ground connection, and electric capacity C1 is connected in parallel on resistance R2 two ends; Above-mentioned reverse current overcurrent protection value reference voltage modulate circuit comprises resistance R3, resistance R4 and electric capacity C2, and after resistance R3 and resistance R4 connects, the resistance R3 other end is connected with power supply VCC, and resistance R4 other end ground connection, electric capacity C2 is connected in parallel on resistance R4 two ends.The output of electric capacity C1 and electric capacity C2 respectively is forward and reverse overcurrent protection value reference voltage.Before circuit working, calculate the current sensor output voltage values X that the upper current limit that will protect is corresponding, it is X that adjustment precision resistance R1 and R2 makes R2 to get voltage; The current sensor output voltage values Y that the electric current negative direction upper current limit that will protect of calculating is corresponding, it is Y that adjustment precision resistance R3 and R4 makes R4 to get voltage.Voltage X and voltage Y is sent in comparator U1 as the reference voltage respectively.
Above-mentioned first filter circuit and above-mentioned second filter circuit are RC filter circuit.During circuit working, current sensor one and current sensor two direct voltage output signal Current A, Current B send into comparator U1 after the first filter circuit and the second filter circuit filtering.
Above-mentioned comparator U1 comprises four operational amplifiers be connected in parallel: U1A, U1B, U1C, U1D, wherein: the output (output voltage X) of forward current overcurrent protection value reference voltage modulate circuit is connected to the in-phase input end of operational amplifier U1B and operational amplifier U1D simultaneously; The output (output voltage X) of reverse current overcurrent protection value reference voltage modulate circuit is connected to the inverting input of operational amplifier U1A and operational amplifier U1C simultaneously; The output (output voltage Current A) of the first filter circuit is connected to the in-phase input end of operational amplifier U1A and the inverting input of operational amplifier U1B simultaneously; The output (output voltage Current B) of the second filter circuit is connected to the in-phase input end of operational amplifier U1C and the inverting input of operational amplifier U1D simultaneously.
Four operational amplifiers U1A, U1B, U1C, U1D judge the signal of input respectively, and when Current A and Current B is greater than X or is less than Y, operational amplifier will output low level signal, thus comparator U1 output low level signal reports an error.
As shown in Figure 2; current foldback circuit comprises the triggering holding circuit be connected with overcurrent judgment circuit triggering signal output, the reset circuit be connected with triggering holding circuit; the input of above-mentioned reset circuit is also connected with the reset signal output of motor main control chip, and the output of above-mentioned triggering holding circuit is also connected with power device driving chip.
Above-mentioned triggering holding circuit comprises comparator U2B, comparator U2C, a comparator U2D and bleeder circuit, wherein: the reverse input end of the normal phase input end of comparator U2B, the inverting input of comparator U2C, comparator U2D is all connected with bleeder circuit; The normal phase input end of comparator U2D is connected with the negative pole of diode D2; The inverting input of comparator U2B is all connected with the output of comparator U2D with the normal phase input end of comparator U2C; The output of comparator U2C is connected with the other end of resistance R12; The output of comparator U2B is connected with power device driving chip; The output of comparator U2D is also by electric capacity C7 ground connection; Comparator U2B power end connects 12V power supply, earth terminal ground connection; Overcurrent judgment circuit triggering signal output is connected to the inverting input of comparator U2B and the normal phase input end of comparator U2C simultaneously.When overcurrent occurs, overcurrent judgment circuit triggering signal output output low level signal reports an error, power device driving chip receives error signal and shuts output, FLTn makes comparator U2B export high level signal to driving chip and keep simultaneously, even if the signal OE that comparator U2B exports to driving chip remains high level, make drive singal shut output, guarantee that power device does not work, until main control chip exports RST signal make system reset.
Above-mentioned reset circuit comprises resistance R9, resistance R10, electric capacity C5, electric capacity C6, diode D1, diode D2, resistance R11, resistance R12, wherein: resistance R9 is connected to the reset signal output of motor main control chip; After resistance R9 and electric capacity C5 connects, electric capacity C5 is connected to the positive pole of diode D2, and the negative pole of diode D2 is connected to the positive pole of diode D1, one end of resistance R11, one end of resistance R12, one end of electric capacity C6 simultaneously and triggers an input of holding circuit; The other end of resistance R11 and the negative pole of diode D1 are all connected on power supply VCC; The other end of resistance R12 is connected with the output triggering holding circuit; One end of above-mentioned electric capacity C6 connects the negative pole of diode D2, other end ground connection; Resistance R10 one end is connected between electric capacity C5 and diode D2, other end ground connection.
Above-mentioned bleeder circuit is made up of electric capacity C8, resistance R13, resistance R14, and resistance R13 connects power supply VCC, resistance R14 ground connection, and resistance R13 connects with resistance R14, and electric capacity C8 is connected in parallel on resistance R14 two ends.
Above-mentioned triggering holding circuit also comprises electric capacity C9 and resistance R15; The power end of comparator U2B is also by electric capacity C9 ground connection; The output of comparator U2B also connects power supply VCC by resistance R15.
[embodiment 2]
On the basis of embodiment 1, the overcurrent judgment circuit of the present embodiment also comprises the first input signal converting unit for the current signal of input being converted to voltage signal and the second input signal converting unit, wherein: the first input signal converting unit comprises resistance R5, resistance R5 one end ground connection, the other end is connected with the signal output part of current sensor one; Second input signal converting unit comprises resistance R6, and resistance R6 one end ground connection, the other end is connected with the signal output part of current sensor two.
In the present embodiment, set up the first input signal converting unit and the second input signal converting unit, this overcurrent judgment circuit can be used for the current sensor accessing current-output type, highly versatile.Current sensor one and current sensor two output current signal through the first input signal converting unit and the second input signal converting unit be converted to respectively voltage signal Current A, Current B can after filtering after send into comparator U1.In embody rule, if output voltage signal, an output current signal in current sensor one and current sensor two, then also only can set up an input signal converting unit in the current sensor and filter circuit of output current signal, and another is not established, namely arrange according to the actual demand of circuit.
In the present embodiment, above-mentioned first filter circuit comprises resistance R7 and electric capacity C3, and resistance R7 and electric capacity C3 connects, and the resistance R7 other end is connected with the signal output part of current sensor one, electric capacity C3 other end ground connection; Above-mentioned second filter circuit comprises resistance R8 and electric capacity C4, and resistance R8 and electric capacity C4 connects, and the resistance R8 other end is connected with the signal output part of current sensor two, electric capacity C4 other end ground connection.Electric capacity C3 and electric capacity C4 respectively is the first filter circuit and the filtered output voltage of above-mentioned second filter circuit.
Below be only the preferred embodiment of the present invention, protection scope of the present invention be not only confined to above-described embodiment, all technical schemes belonged under thinking of the present invention all belong to protection scope of the present invention.It should be pointed out that for those skilled in the art, some improvements and modifications without departing from the principles of the present invention, should be considered as protection scope of the present invention.