CN109347059A - A kind of hardware over-current protection method and system for bidirectional current output - Google Patents
A kind of hardware over-current protection method and system for bidirectional current output Download PDFInfo
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- CN109347059A CN109347059A CN201811309412.8A CN201811309412A CN109347059A CN 109347059 A CN109347059 A CN 109347059A CN 201811309412 A CN201811309412 A CN 201811309412A CN 109347059 A CN109347059 A CN 109347059A
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Classifications
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
- H02H—EMERGENCY PROTECTIVE CIRCUIT ARRANGEMENTS
- H02H3/00—Emergency protective circuit arrangements for automatic disconnection directly responsive to an undesired change from normal electric working condition with or without subsequent reconnection ; integrated protection
- H02H3/08—Emergency protective circuit arrangements for automatic disconnection directly responsive to an undesired change from normal electric working condition with or without subsequent reconnection ; integrated protection responsive to excess current
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- G—PHYSICS
- G01—MEASURING; TESTING
- G01R—MEASURING ELECTRIC VARIABLES; MEASURING MAGNETIC VARIABLES
- G01R19/00—Arrangements for measuring currents or voltages or for indicating presence or sign thereof
- G01R19/165—Indicating that current or voltage is either above or below a predetermined value or within or outside a predetermined range of values
Abstract
The invention discloses a kind of hardware over-current protection methods and system for bidirectional current output, it connects external input electric current by the input terminal of modulation module, the input terminal of the output end connection sampling module of modulation module and the input terminal of control switch, the input terminal of the output end connection main control module of sampling module, the control terminal of the first output end connection control switch of main control module, the output end of control switch is exported for electric current, sampling module obtains the first current signal by acquiring the current signal of the input terminal of modulation module, and the first current signal reverse phase is obtained into the second current signal；Main control module includes comparator and gating module, and the first input end of comparator is connected after the first current signal and the second current signal connection gating module, and the second input terminal of comparator connects preset reference voltage Vref, the first input end voltage of comparator is higher than preset reference voltage VrefWhen, main control module exports first control signal by the first output end and closes control switch to realize the hardware overcurrent protection of bidirectional current output.
Description
Technical field
The invention belongs to current monitoring fields, and in particular to a kind of hardware over-current protection method for bidirectional current output
And system.
Background technique
Currently, the energy-saving and environment-friendly power supply instrument and equipment of new generation of green or industrial electronics have the function of bidirectional output,
For example feed-back type electronic load, high voltage direct current source, Battery formation partial volume equipment.These electronic equipments need the electricity of control output end
Stream, and the work of this current signal in different modes may be contrary.To prevent high current from damaging equipment, electronic equipment meeting
Utilize software or hardware setting overcurrent.
In general, software overcurrent protection is sampled current signals and carries out software analysis, to prevent false triggering influence property
It can increase filter function, but too long timely and effective cannot be protected there are the reaction time；As long as hardware overcurrent protection is to detect
Stream protection signal can carry out in time corresponding operation and be protected, the reaction time very it is short can effective protection electronic equipment, because
This, has selection this mode of hardware overcurrent protection for the electronic equipment of bidirectional output function.
Fig. 1 is the schematic diagram of the hardware over-current protection method of the prior art.As shown in Figure 1, traditional bidirectional output function
Electronic equipment hardware overcurrent protection be by amplifier acquire sampling resistor both ends voltage, and be provided with one output it is inclined
Set voltage VgSo that current sample output voltage is always positive voltage, i.e., current sample route third operational amplifier just
Bias voltage V is provided on input terminalg, sampled voltage range are as follows: negative direction 0-VgIt is V with positive directiong-Vcc(microcontroller
Unit MCU supply voltage) so that exporting corresponding Is voltage when electric current is 0 is Vg, the corresponding I of negative sense maximum output currents=
Vg+ (- electric current) * sampling resistor * samples gain, the corresponding I of positive maximum output currents=Vg+ electric current * sampling resistor * sampling increases
Benefit.To detect that Is voltage is being greater than VregVoltage is less than VrefWhen in the range of voltage, the OCP_I signal of comparator output is
Low level, when forward current is greater than target value, that is, IsVoltage is higher than VrefWhen, the OCP_I signal of comparator output is high level.It is micro-
Control unit MCU needs to detect the overcurrent protection signal of reversal by two I/O pins, more defeated using two groups of comparators
Positive current directional over-current protection signal and negative current directional over-current protection signal out, however this mode is for two-way precision equipment
For, negative direction current sample voltage range is 0-Vg, positive direction current sample voltage range is Vg-Vcc, thus, the hardware
The detectable current range of over-current protection method is that precision is less than normal, and protection signal detection pin needs two groups.
Summary of the invention
Aiming at the above defects or improvement requirements of the prior art, the present invention provides a kind of for the hard of bidirectional current output
Part over-current protection method and system obtain the first current signal by sampling, and will obtain the after the first current signal reverse phase
Two current signals, provide the voltage that obtains the first current signal and the second current signal by a gating module with it is preset
Reference voltage VrefCompare, the first current signal and the second current signal pass through a diode respectively voltage in parallel are greater than again
Preset reference voltage VrefWhen, output first control signal closes the output of the first current signal to realize that bidirectional current exports
Hardware overcurrent protection.
To achieve the above object, according to one aspect of the present invention, a kind of hardware for bidirectional current output is provided
Over-current protection method, specific steps are as follows:
S1. sampling obtains the first current signal of input, will obtain the second current signal after the first current signal reverse phase；
S2. the voltage that the first current signal and the second current signal are obtained by gating module is greater than preset reference voltage
VrefWhen, output first control signal closes the output of the first current signal to realize the hardware overcurrent protection of bidirectional current output.
As a further improvement of the present invention, the gating module in step S2 includes two diodes, the first current signal
Diode parallel output again is separately connected with the second current signal.
As a further improvement of the present invention, step S1 samples the first current signal according to differential difference, the in step S1
One current signal generates the second current signal by amplifier inverter cricuit.
As a further improvement of the present invention, step S2 further includes the first electricity for being provided with second control signal according to sampling
It flows signal and exports corresponding pwm signal control modulation module to realize the first current signal according to preset standard output.
As a further improvement of the present invention, preset reference voltage VrefMaximum output current according to equipment to be entered
It calculates.
To achieve the above object, other side according to the invention provides a kind of for the hard of bidirectional current output
Part Over Current Protection System, the system include modulation module, sampling module, main control module and control switch, the input of modulation module
End connection external input electric current, the input terminal of the output end connection sampling module of modulation module and the input terminal of control switch, are adopted
The input terminal of the output end connection main control module of egf block, the control terminal of the first output end connection control switch of main control module,
The output end of control switch is exported for electric current,
Sampling module obtains the first current signal by acquiring the current signal of the input terminal of modulation module, and electric by first
Stream signal inversion obtains the second current signal；
Main control module includes comparator and gating module, and the first current signal and the second current signal pass through after gating module
The first input end of comparator is connected, the second input terminal of comparator connects preset reference voltage Vref, the first of comparator be defeated
Enter to hold voltage to be higher than preset reference voltage VrefWhen, main control module exports first control signal by the first output end and closes control
System switchs the hardware overcurrent protection to realize bidirectional current output.
As a further improvement of the present invention, gating module includes two diodes, the first current signal and the second electric current
Signal is separately connected diode parallel output again.
As a further improvement of the present invention, sampling module samples the first current signal, sampling module according to differential difference
By amplifier inverter cricuit by the first current signal reverse phase be the second current signal.
As a further improvement of the present invention, main control module is additionally provided with the control of second output terminal connection modulation module
End, main control module are used to export corresponding pwm signal control modulation module according to the first current signal of sampling to realize first
Current signal is according to preset standard output.
As a further improvement of the present invention, preset reference voltage VrefMaximum output current according to equipment to be entered
It calculates.
In general, through the invention it is contemplated above technical scheme is compared with the prior art, have below beneficial to effect
Fruit:
A kind of hardware over-current protection method and system for bidirectional current output of the invention obtains the by sampling
One current signal, and the second current signal will be obtained after the first current signal reverse phase, it provides the first current signal and the second electricity
Stream signal passes through the voltage and preset reference voltage V that a diode obtains again respectivelyrefCompare, the first current signal and
Two current signals pass through a diode respectively, and in parallel voltage is greater than preset reference voltage V againrefWhen, the first control of output
The output of the first current signal of signal-off with realize bidirectional current output hardware overcurrent protection, thus, for bi-directional device
For, method and system of the invention can generate overcurrent protection signal in the electric current input and output of bi-directional device in time.
A kind of hardware over-current protection method and system for bidirectional current output of the invention, is protected compared to conventional hardware
Route is protected, only 1 interface is needed to monitor pin as overcurrent protection on main control module, and the scheme of the prior art is needed IsIt puts
Big ratio is reduced to existing half, and therefore, the scheme precision of method and system of the invention compared with prior art, which is put, to be twice, because
And method and system maximum of the invention ensure that IsSignal accuracy.
A kind of hardware over-current protection method and system for bidirectional current output of the invention, is protected compared to conventional hardware
Route is protected, it is " the corresponding voltage V of zero current that scheme compared with the prior art, which needs three reference voltages,g, forward current overcurrent
Protect reference voltage Vref, negative current reference voltage Vreg", and the main control module of this system only needs to refer to 1 overcurrent protection
Reference voltage VrefIt can be realized, thus the simple small power consumption of the operation of the main control module of this system.
Detailed description of the invention
Fig. 1 is the schematic diagram of the hardware over-current protection method of the prior art；
Fig. 2 is a kind of structural representation of hardware Over Current Protection System for bidirectional current output of the embodiment of the present invention
Figure；
Fig. 3 is a kind of circuit signal of hardware Over Current Protection System for bidirectional current output of the embodiment of the present invention
Figure.
Specific embodiment
In order to make the objectives, technical solutions, and advantages of the present invention clearer, with reference to the accompanying drawings and embodiments, right
The present invention is further elaborated.It should be appreciated that described herein, specific examples are only used to explain the present invention, not
For limiting the present invention.
In addition, as long as technical characteristic involved in the various embodiments of the present invention described below is each other not
Constituting conflict can be combined with each other.The present invention is described in more detail With reference to embodiment.
A kind of hardware over-current protection method for bidirectional current output, specific steps are as follows:
S1. sampling obtains the first current signal of input, will obtain the second current signal after the first current signal reverse phase；Tool
Body are as follows:
As a preferred embodiment, step S1 samples the first current signal according to differential difference；First current signal
The second current signal is generated by amplifier inverter cricuit.
S2. the voltage that the first current signal and the second current signal are obtained by gating module is greater than preset reference voltage
VrefWhen, first control signal is exported to close the output of the first current signal and protect with the hardware overcurrent for realizing bidirectional current output
Shield.
As a preferred embodiment, gating module includes two diodes, the first current signal and the second electric current letter
Number it is separately connected diode parallel output again.Certainly, those skilled in the art could be aware that above-described embodiment is only excellent
Choosing, gating module can realize the first current signal and second according to the mode for needing to be revised as metal-oxide-semiconductor or triode ON
The signal output that high level is selected in current signal, can choose suitable connection type also to realize and realizes the first electric current letter
Number and the second current signal in select low level signal to export, and when being lower than by comparator preset reference voltage more afterwards
The output of the first current signal is closed to realize the hardware overcurrent protection of bidirectional current output.
As a preferred embodiment, step S2 further includes the first electric current for being provided with second control signal according to sampling
Signal exports corresponding pwm signal control modulation module to realize the first current signal according to preset standard output.
As a preferred embodiment, VrefThe setting of voltage is calculated according to maximum output current, should guarantee to set
The standby maximum current (positive current and counter current) in specification works normally, and guarantees that unit exception electric current can not damage again.Make
For a preferred embodiment, the voltage I of the first current signalsMaximum value calculation method are as follows: input/output maximum current Io's
1.15 times (there are allowance, preventing the false triggering as caused by the error of sampling resistor or sampling circuit) multiplied by sampling resistor again
Multiplied by the gain factor of sample circuit, preset reference voltage VrefAs IsMaximum value subtracts the conduction voltage drop (silicone tube of diode
0.7V, germanium tube 0.3V).
The sampling of first current signal, reverse phase are carried out using sampling resistor, inversed module and A/D chip and accurately adopted
Sample calculates, specifically: the output end of the input terminal connection modulation module of sampling resistor, the output end of sampling resistor are separately connected instead
Phase module, AD sampling A/D chip and comparator, sampling module sample the first current signal using differential difference.The output of modulation module
It is current sample voltage that electric current, which generates the first current signal by sampling resistor, and the first current signal passes through the double of inversed module
Power supply power supply distant place circuit output sampled voltage Is, IsVoltage is related with sampling resistor both ends current direction is flowed through, and may be positive
It can be negative.It is-I that inversed module, which generates the second current signal by amplifier inverter cricuit,sSignal ,-IsSignal passes through diode
It is sent to the input terminal of comparator, only positive voltage is just connected, negative voltage cut-off, IsVoltage and-IsVoltage after signal is in parallel and another
The reference voltage V of one endrefIt is compared, when being higher than setting voltage value, comparator output terminal voltage jump, coupled master
Control module captures variation and closes PWM driving and output switch driving, to play overcurrent protection.AD sampling A/D chip is by
One current signal is converted to digital signal level and gives main control module progress accurate sampling calculating, and output pwm signal control is modulated
The output of module.
Fig. 2 is a kind of structural representation of hardware Over Current Protection System for bidirectional current output of the embodiment of the present invention
Figure.As shown in Fig. 2, the system includes modulation module, sampling module, main control module and control switch, the input terminal of modulation module
Connect external input electric current, the input terminal of the output end connection sampling module of modulation module and the input terminal of control switch, sampling
The input terminal of the output end connection main control module of module, the control terminal of the first output end connection control switch of main control module, control
The output end for making switch is exported for electric current, wherein
Sampling module obtains the first current signal by acquiring the current signal of the input terminal of modulation module, and acquisition is adjusted
The current signal reverse phase of the input terminal of molding block obtains the second current signal；
Main control module is provided with comparator, and the first current signal and the second current signal connection gating module connect comparator
First input end, the second input terminal of comparator connects preset reference voltage Vref, the first input end voltage height of comparator
In preset reference voltage VrefWhen, main control module exports first control signal by the first output end and closes control switch with reality
The hardware overcurrent protection of existing bidirectional current output.Main control module is additionally provided with the control terminal of second output terminal connection modulation module,
Main control module is used to export corresponding pwm signal control modulation module according to the first current signal of sampling to realize the first electric current
Signal is according to preset standard output.
As a preferred embodiment, gating module includes two diodes, the first current signal and the second electric current letter
Number it is separately connected diode parallel output again.Certainly, those skilled in the art could be aware that above-described embodiment is only excellent
Choosing, gating module can realize the first current signal and second according to the mode for needing to be revised as metal-oxide-semiconductor or triode ON
The signal output that high level is selected in current signal can choose suitable connection type also to realize the first current signal and the
Select low level signal to export in two current signals, and by comparator more afterwards lower than preset reference voltage when close the
The output of one current signal with realize bidirectional current output hardware overcurrent protection.
Sampling module includes sampling resistor, inversed module and A/D chip, and the input terminal of sampling resistor connects modulation module
Output end, the output end of sampling resistor are separately connected inversed module, AD sampling A/D chip and comparator, and sampling module uses differential difference
Divide sampling the first current signal.It is current sample that the output electric current of modulation module, which generates the first current signal by sampling resistor,
Voltage, the first current signal pass through the dual power supply distant place circuit output sampled voltage I of inversed modules, IsVoltage is adopted with flowing through
Sample resistance both ends current direction is related, may be positive or negative.Inversed module generates the second electricity by amplifier inverter cricuit
Flowing signal is-IsSignal ,-IsSignal is sent to comparator input terminal by diode, and only positive voltage is just connected, and negative voltage is cut
Only, IsVoltage and-IsThe reference voltage V of voltage and the other end after signal is in parallelrefIt is compared, when being higher than setting voltage value,
Comparator output terminal voltage jump, coupled main control module capture variation and close PWM driving and output switch driving, from
And play overcurrent protection.First current signal is converted to digital signal level and gives main control module progress by AD sampling A/D chip
Accurate sampling calculates, and output pwm signal controls the output of modulation module.
VrefThe setting of voltage is calculated according to maximum output current, and should guaranteeing equipment, maximum current is being (just in specification
Electric current and counter current) it works normally, guarantee that unit exception electric current can not damage again.Wherein, the voltage of the first current signal
IsMaximum value calculation method is preferential are as follows: (there are allowances, prevent due to sampling resistor for 1.15 times of input/output maximum current Io
Or false triggering caused by the error of sampling circuit) multiplied by sampling resistor multiplied by the gain factor of sample circuit, preset ginseng
Examine voltage VrefAs IsMaximum value subtracts the conduction voltage drop (silicone tube 0.7V, germanium tube 0.3V) of diode.
Fig. 3 is a kind of circuit signal of hardware Over Current Protection System for bidirectional current output of the embodiment of the present invention
Figure.As shown in figure 3, IsSignal is in addition exactly to send to inverting input terminal on the way to carry out reverse phase other than giving AD sampling all the way
Output-Is signal, therefore ,-IsSignal and IsThe value of signal is equal, and symbol is opposite.-IsSignal and IsSignal passes through one respectively
An input terminal for entering comparator after positive diode, due to the presence of diode ,-IsSignal and IsSignal passes through two poles
Pipe is sent to the comparator input terminal of rear end, and positive voltage conducting is sent to comparator input terminal and VrefCompare, negative voltage cut-off.Compare
Device power supply is single supply, and ideal output is 0~Vcc, and output signal can give main control module sampling and capture.As the I of settings's
Maximum current value or-IsMaximum current value plus diode conduction voltage drop be higher than VrefWhen, the output level of comparator can be stood
It overturns and maintains, so that coupled main control module, which captures variation, closes PWM driving and output switch driving, thus
Play overcurrent protection.
As it will be easily appreciated by one skilled in the art that the foregoing is merely illustrative of the preferred embodiments of the present invention, not to
The limitation present invention, any modifications, equivalent substitutions and improvements made within the spirit and principles of the present invention should all include
Within protection scope of the present invention.
Claims (10)
1. a kind of hardware over-current protection method for bidirectional current output, which is characterized in that specific steps are as follows:
S1. sampling obtains the first current signal of input, will obtain the second current signal after the first current signal reverse phase；
S2. the voltage that the first current signal and the second current signal are obtained by gating module is greater than preset reference voltage Vref
When, output first control signal closes the output of the first current signal to realize the hardware overcurrent protection of bidirectional current output.
2. a kind of hardware over-current protection method for bidirectional current output according to claim 1, which is characterized in that step
Gating module in rapid S2 includes two diodes, and the first current signal and the second current signal are separately connected a diode again
Parallel output.
3. a kind of hardware over-current protection method for bidirectional current output according to claim 1, which is characterized in that step
Rapid S1 samples the first current signal according to differential difference, and the first current signal generates the second electric current letter by amplifier inverter cricuit
Number.
4. a kind of hardware over-current protection method for bidirectional current output according to claim 1, which is characterized in that step
Rapid S2 further includes being provided with second control signal to export corresponding pwm signal control modulation mould according to the first current signal of sampling
Block is to realize the first current signal according to preset standard output.
5. a kind of hardware over-current protection method for bidirectional current output described in any one of -4 according to claim 1,
It is characterized in that, the preset reference voltage VrefMaximum output current according to equipment to be entered calculates.
6. a kind of hardware Over Current Protection System for bidirectional current output, which includes modulation module, sampling module, master control
Module and control switch, the input terminal of modulation module connect external input electric current, and the output end of modulation module connects sampling module
Input terminal and control switch input terminal, the input terminal of the output end connection main control module of sampling module, the of main control module
One output end connects the control terminal of control switch, and the output end of control switch is exported for electric current, which is characterized in that
Sampling module obtains the first current signal by acquiring the current signal of the input terminal of modulation module, and the first electric current is believed
Number reverse phase obtains the second current signal；
Main control module includes comparator and gating module, and the first current signal and the second current signal after gating module by connecting
Second input terminal of the first input end of comparator, comparator connects preset reference voltage Vref, the first input end of comparator
Voltage is higher than preset reference voltage VrefWhen, main control module exports first control signal closing control by the first output end and opens
Close the hardware overcurrent protection to realize bidirectional current output.
7. a kind of hardware Over Current Protection System for bidirectional current output according to claim 6, which is characterized in that institute
Stating gating module includes two diodes, and it is in parallel defeated again that the first current signal and the second current signal are separately connected a diode
Out.
8. a kind of hardware Over Current Protection System for bidirectional current output according to claim 6, which is characterized in that institute
It states sampling module and samples the first current signal according to differential difference, the sampling module passes through amplifier inverter cricuit for the first electric current
Signal inversion is the second current signal.
9. a kind of hardware Over Current Protection System for bidirectional current output according to claim 6, which is characterized in that institute
The control terminal that main control module is additionally provided with second output terminal connection modulation module is stated, main control module is used for the first electricity according to sampling
It flows signal and exports corresponding pwm signal control modulation module to realize the first current signal according to preset standard output.
10. a kind of hardware Over Current Protection System for bidirectional current output according to any one of claim 6-9,
It is characterized in that, the preset reference voltage VrefMaximum output current according to equipment to be entered calculates.
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| US20140092505A1 (en) * | 2012-09-28 | 2014-04-03 | Benjamin J. Norris | Sort probe over current protection mechanism |
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| CN103280771A (en) * | 2013-06-13 | 2013-09-04 | 成都联腾动力控制技术有限公司 | Motor controller overcurrent judgment and protection circuit |
| CN103323657A (en) * | 2013-06-13 | 2013-09-25 | 成都联腾动力控制技术有限公司 | Motor controller overcurrent judgment circuit |
| CN104377662A (en) * | 2013-08-12 | 2015-02-25 | 伊顿公司 | Ultra-fast hardware current-limiting circuit |
| CN104716630A (en) * | 2013-12-12 | 2015-06-17 | 北汽福田汽车股份有限公司 | Over-voltage and over-current protection circuit for traction motor controller |
| CN203660518U (en) * | 2013-12-25 | 2014-06-18 | 上海联星电子有限公司 | Insulated gate bipolar transistor overcurrent protection circuit |
| CN204761001U (en) * | 2015-06-26 | 2015-11-11 | 苏州伟创电气设备技术有限公司 | Servo driver current foldback circuit |
| KR20180043595A (en) * | 2016-10-20 | 2018-04-30 | 엘지전자 주식회사 | Power transforming apparatus and air conditioner including the same |
| CN106451391A (en) * | 2016-11-21 | 2017-02-22 | 广东美的制冷设备有限公司 | Overcurrent protection peripheral circuit and electrical appliance |
| CN107172755A (en) * | 2017-06-27 | 2017-09-15 | 深圳创维－Rgb电子有限公司 | A kind of LED light bar network current foldback circuit, driving power supply and television set |
| CN108599111A (en) * | 2018-06-14 | 2018-09-28 | 谢红普 | A kind of electric machine controller and its current foldback circuit |
| CN209088518U (en) * | 2018-11-05 | 2019-07-09 | 武汉精能电子技术有限公司 | A kind of hardware Over Current Protection System for bidirectional current output |
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