CN103278747A - High-tension transmission line single-ended traveling wave fault distance detection method combined with time-frequency characteristics - Google Patents
High-tension transmission line single-ended traveling wave fault distance detection method combined with time-frequency characteristics Download PDFInfo
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- CN103278747A CN103278747A CN2013102177410A CN201310217741A CN103278747A CN 103278747 A CN103278747 A CN 103278747A CN 2013102177410 A CN2013102177410 A CN 2013102177410A CN 201310217741 A CN201310217741 A CN 201310217741A CN 103278747 A CN103278747 A CN 103278747A
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- Y04S—SYSTEMS INTEGRATING TECHNOLOGIES RELATED TO POWER NETWORK OPERATION, COMMUNICATION OR INFORMATION TECHNOLOGIES FOR IMPROVING THE ELECTRICAL POWER GENERATION, TRANSMISSION, DISTRIBUTION, MANAGEMENT OR USAGE, i.e. SMART GRIDS
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- Y04S10/50—Systems or methods supporting the power network operation or management, involving a certain degree of interaction with the load-side end user applications
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Abstract
The invention discloses a high-tension transmission line single-ended traveling wave fault distance detection method combined with time-frequency characteristics. According to the method, time of reciprocating propagation between an end point and a fault point and inherent frequency corresponding to the time are fully used, wherein the end point and the fault point are simultaneously obtained in a cepstrum analysis. The advantages of a traveling wave method and the advantages of a traveling wave inherent-frequency distance detection method are centralized, and therefore the problems that in single-ended traveling wave fault location, wave velocity is difficult to calculate, propagation time of a small phase angle is difficult to seek, due to the fact that only the traveling wave inherent-frequency distance method is used, the frequency is not easy to extract, and in the calculation, an initial phase angle of a bus end reflection and an initial phase angle of fault point reflection need to be considered are solved. Meanwhile, due to the fact that other interference signals are irrelevant with traveling wave signals, the high-tension transmission line single-ended traveling wave fault distance detection method combined with the time-frequency characteristics has the advantages of being high in anti-interference capacity, easy to operate, high in distance detection accuracy and very suitable for distance detection on site.
Description
Technical field
The present invention is a kind of method of single end distance measurement that is applied to the ultra-high-tension power transmission line traveling wave fault, belongs to operation of power networks fault diagnosis technology field.
Background technology
Transmission line of electricity is the easiest element that breaks down of electric system, and localization of fault can save human and material resources and financial resources, acceleration service restoration that hunting spends in a large number, reduces economic loss, improve reliability of operation accurately.Determine that accurately and rapidly abort situation is the important measures that improve electric power netting safe running, for the power system security reliability service important meaning is arranged.
When transmission line of electricity broke down, propagated at the capable ripple road direction circuit along the line two ends that the place, trouble spot produces, and the failed row velocity of wave propagation is near light velocity c.Because the wave impedance of circuit is discontinuous, folding emission repeatedly can take place in the row ripple.By analyze the trip ripple in the travel-time of each track section, perhaps obtain the natural frequency of fault traveling wave, just can obtain the position distance of trouble spot again in conjunction with velocity of wave.At present, the traveling wave fault location method mainly is divided into two big classes: the one, and traveling wave method, namely utilize the transmission time of row ripple to carry out fault localization (referring to " contrast of transmission line of electricity single-ended traveling wave telemetry and both-end travelling wave ranging method ", Qin Jian, Ge Weichun, Qiu Jinhui, Deng, Automation of Electric Systems, 2006,30(6): 92-95), the 2nd, the traveling wave inherent frequency method that the natural frequency of utilization row ripple is found range is (referring to " utilizing the single-ended traveling wave fault location method of fault traveling wave natural frequency ", Wu Linyong, Chengdu, Southwest Jiaotong University, 2009).In recent years, the theory and technology of traveling wave fault location is gradually improved, and distance accuracy also progressively improves, and is using more and more in the fault analysis of high pressure long distance transmission line.
The traveling wave method fault localization roughly can divide two kinds of single-ended method and both-end methods.The wave recording device that single-ended method utilization is installed in line scan pickup coil side receives fault traveling wave, finds range by searching the direct wave that arrives this end and the time of trouble spot reflection wave; The both-end method is exactly to receive fault traveling wave simultaneously at the two ends of circuit, and find range the time of arrival of two capable ripple direct waves of recycling.With regard to the traveling wave method fault localization, the velocity of wave parameter that is absolutely necessary, the capable wave-wave speed of transmission line of electricity is relevant with the actual parameter of circuit, and the parameter of transmission line of electricity is with frequency change, the wave velocity of accurate Calculation row ripple has difficulties, so, in single-ended traveling wave fault location, choose fixing velocity of wave usually and find range.Voltage phase angle size when another principal element that influences traveling wave fault location is fault, the fault that though most line faults are insulation breakdowns to be caused, it is very low that fault occurs in the probability of initial voltage phase angle below 10 °, but can not get rid of the situation that little phasing degree fault takes place, if voltage phase angle is less when breaking down, will cause fault traveling wave numerical value lower, the time of its propagation is difficult to search, make distance measuring equipment produce erroneous judgement, can't guarantee distance accuracy.
The voltage traveling wave of transmission line of electricity any place is made up of the infinite subharmonic that contains main characteristic frequency, and each harmonic is the integral multiple of main characteristic frequency.The frequency of row ripple contained whole harmonic waves is called the natural frequency of capable ripple, and wherein low-limit frequency is that the frequency of content maximum is called the natural frequency major component, and in theory, any frequency content all can be used for range finding in the row ripple.When the row ripple arrives the trouble spot, part row ripple produces reflection, another part passes the trouble spot to be continued to propagate forward, and the short trouble of low-resistance is reflected most of row wave energy, therefore can detect capable ripple at the line scan pickup coil side point and back and forth propagate formed natural frequency between this end points and trouble spot.In the range finding of reality, at first fault traveling wave is carried out time～frequency transformation, the reflection wave of recycling trouble spot is as the traveling wave inherent frequency calculating of finding range.Compare with the traveling wave method fault localization, one of strong point of traveling wave inherent frequency method is exactly to need not to identify capable wave-wave head, so be better than time domain method under some specific line configuring and condition.But, the distance accuracy of traveling wave inherent frequency method depend on the frequency major component accurately, and the multiple wavelet transformation of the Fourier transform that uses at present, time-frequency conversion and multi-signal sorting algorithm etc. exist frequency alias, pseudo frequency, parameter and select uncertain problem.
Summary of the invention
The purpose of this invention is to provide that a kind of to have an antijamming capability strong, simple to operate, distance accuracy height, the single-ended traveling wave fault location method of ultra-high-tension power transmission line applied widely.
For realizing that the technical scheme that the object of the invention adopts is: a kind of ultra-high-tension power transmission line traveling wave fault method of single end distance measurement in conjunction with time-frequency characteristics, its step is as follows:
A. adopt the cepstral analysis method that fault traveling wave is handled, obtain the row ripple and once broadcast the time q " and corresponding natural frequency f " that formed time q ' and corresponding traveling wave inherent frequency f ' or trouble spot and opposite end bus make a round trip and propagate from detecting between end points and the trouble spot reciprocal biography;
B. utilize traveling wave inherent frequency f ' or the f obtain ", and combined circuit and shaft tower parameter obtain the zero sequence inductance L of unit length circuit
0, the zero sequence capacitor C
0, the positive sequence inductance L
1, the positive sequence capacitor C
1, ask for and f ' or f " corresponding capable wave-wave speed v
f' or v
f";
C. utilize calculatings of finding range of improved single-ended traveling wave range finding formula, x is the distance between test side and the trouble spot, and specifically formula is as follows:
When x less than total track length L 1/2 the time,
When x greater than total track length L 1/2 the time,
The present invention can effectively separate script interval signal very little, that be aliasing in together by the cepstral analysis to the fault traveling wave signal.Because it is equivalent in meaning that the time q in the cepstral analysis and the time τ in the autocorrelation function show, so, first crest q ' is corresponding be the row ripple from detect back and forth propagate between end points and the trouble spot institute once the formed time (q '=t
2-t
1, see accompanying drawing 1) or the row ripple return time q " (the q "=t of trouble spot from the trouble spot to the opposite end bus
3-t
1), simultaneously, according to the principle of cepstral analysis, utilize the time q ' obtain or q " can obtain easily corresponding with it frequency f ' or f " (f=1/q); Traveling wave inherent frequency f ' or f that utilization is tried to achieve " the corresponding capable wave-wave speed v that calculates in conjunction with concrete line parameter circuit value again
f' or v
f"; The one-end fault travelling wave ranging formula that can be improved thus, is x=v
f' q'/2) or x=L-v
f' ' one-end fault ranging formula that q''/2(is traditional is: x=v (t
2-t
1)/2 or x=L-v (t
3-t
1)/2; The present invention has taken full advantage of the q ' that obtains simultaneously in the cepstral analysis or q " and and natural frequency f ' or the f of correspondence ", the advantage of traveling wave method and traveling wave inherent frequency telemetry is put together, namely avoided being difficult to the accurate Calculation velocity of wave in the single-ended traveling wave range finding, the travel-time of little phase angle is difficult to search, also avoided the frequency of simple use traveling wave inherent frequency method in finding range to be difficult for extracting, and the initial phase angle problem that needs to consider reflection and the trouble spot reflection of bus end in calculating, simultaneously, because other undesired signals are uncorrelated with travelling wave signal, so cepstral analysis has possessed stronger antijamming capability.So it is strong, simple to operate that the present invention has an antijamming capability, the distance accuracy height is very suitable for on-the-spot range finding.
Description of drawings
Fig. 1 is single-ended method range measurement principle figure, wherein:
t
1---be the time that the trouble spot arrives the direct wave of bus end,
t
2-be the reciprocal travel-time of trouble spot,
t
3---via being the time that opposite end bus reflection arrives the local terminal bus;
Fig. 2 is M end α modulus voltage waveform (fault distance 40Km);
Fig. 3 is the cepstral analysis result (fault distance 40Km) of M end α modulus voltage waveform;
Fig. 4 is M end α modulus voltage waveform (fault distance 120Km);
Fig. 5 is the cepstral analysis result (fault distance 120Km) of M end α modulus voltage waveform.
Specific embodiments
Phase-model transformation
The fault traveling wave received to measurement mechanism carries out phase-model transformation, and (power frequency component of filtering 50Hz) analyzed and calculated to the α mold component in the alternative line mold component.
Use cepstral analysis to determine q ' or q " time and traveling wave inherent frequency f ' or f "
Cepstral analysis
Be power cepstrum again, be defined as the bilateral power spectrum logarithm weighting to signal, again signal is carried out Fourier transform one time.Q in the above-mentioned definition is called the scramble rate, and q has the intension of time, in fact with autocorrelation function in q be the same, much more general with millisecond meter.The scramble rate is for being useful with frequency component interpretation time signal, because high scramble rate shows the rapid fluctuations composition in the spectrum, low scramble rate then shows fluctuation slowly. the scramble rate power spectrum to number conversion process in higher weighting is arranged for the low amplitude value component, can help to differentiate the periodicity of spectrum, accurately survey frequency at interval.So in speech analysis, mechanical fault diagnosis field and the underwater sound detect, obtained using widely.Concerning FFT conversion, multi-signal sorting algorithm (MUSIC) and the wavelet transformation (WT) of present extraction fault traveling wave natural frequency, use the comparatively perfect solution of cepstral analysis method frequency alias, pseudo frequency, the parameter of traveling wave inherent frequency in extracting select uncertain problem.
The waveform of fault traveling wave and process cepstral analysis is seen accompanying drawing 2, accompanying drawing 3, and the horizontal ordinate in the accompanying drawing 3 is time q, and according to the definition of cepstrum, its inverse is exactly the corresponding frequency f of q (f=1/q).Comparison diagram 1, Fig. 2, Fig. 3 as can be seen, the row ripple is so the corresponding time of frequency is arranged is q ' (q minimum, peak value maximum), the reciprocal time of ripple between M end and trouble spot and row ripple direct wave arrive the poor (t of the time of M end at once
2-t
1).
Utilize traveling wave inherent frequency and combined circuit parameter to ask for corresponding capable wave-wave speed
According to the correlation parameter of selected shaft tower and circuit, described parameter comprises: electric pressure, wire type, diameter of wire, heading spacing, obtain the zero sequence inductance L of unit length circuit
0, the zero sequence capacitor C
0, the positive sequence inductance L
1, the positive sequence capacitor C
1, and ask for capable wave-wave speed according to formula (1), ω=2 π f wherein, f be ask for capable ripple so frequency is arranged.
Utilize improved single end distance measurement formula to carry out fault localization
For one-end fault ranging method, exist the problem that the trouble spot is positioned at preceding half section or the second half section of circuit.When fault occurred in the second half section of circuit, the reflection wave that the reflection wave of opposite end bus has precedence over the trouble spot arrived measurement point.According to the single end distance measurement principle, when initial fault wave head polarity when negative, the trouble spot reflection polarity just should be, and opposite end bus reflection polarity is for negative, can use the second wave head polarity to select formula (2) or (3) calculating of finding range thus.Need to prove, if the trouble spot is positioned at the second half section of circuit, select formula (3), its use be the travel-time q of opposite end bus reflection wave " and corresponding velocity of wave.
Wherein: the distance of x-detection end points and trouble spot;
The total length of L-circuit;
Q '-row ripple is back and forth propagated the once needed time from detecting between end points and the trouble spot;
v
fThe velocity of wave of the corresponding traveling wave inherent frequency of '-q ';
"-row ripple returns travel-time of trouble spot from the trouble spot to the opposite end bus to q;
v
fThe velocity of wave of "-q " corresponding traveling wave inherent frequency;
Example
A. total track length 200km, the trouble spot occurs in leaves test side 120km.The transient state false voltage of the A phase earth fault that emulation obtains to process ATP-EMTP carries out phase-model transformation and filtering power-frequency voltage, obtains α mode voltage signal and sees accompanying drawing 4.
B. the signal in the accompanying drawing 4 is done cepstral analysis, the result who obtains such as accompanying drawing 5.Q wherein "=539 μ s,
Corresponding intrinsic capable ripple frequency f "=1/q "=1855.2Hz.
C. the line parameter circuit value R that calculates according to line construction
1=0.02625 Ω/km, L
1=9.1851 * 10
-4H/km, G
1=0, C
1=1.2264 * 10
-8F/km), and the natural frequency f of row ripple ", use formula (1) is calculated corresponding velocity of wave, namely
v
f″=297950.4km/s。
D. by first wave head of comparative drawings figs 4 and the polarity of second wave head, failure judgement occurs in the second half section of circuit, and what the natural frequency of row ripple represented is the reflection wave of opposite end, the calculating so formula (3) is found range, and its result is:
Absolute error 298m, relative error is 0.25%, the range finding composition error that clearly proposes much smaller than State Grid Corporation of China 1% with interior requirement.
The above only is preferred implementation of the present invention; be noted that for those skilled in the art; under the prerequisite that does not break away from the principle of the invention, can also make some improvements and modifications, these improvements and modifications also should be considered as protection scope of the present invention.
Claims (2)
1. ultra-high-tension power transmission line traveling wave fault method of single end distance measurement in conjunction with time-frequency characteristics, its step is as follows:
A. adopt the cepstral analysis method that fault traveling wave is handled, obtain the row ripple and once broadcast the time q " and corresponding natural frequency f " that formed time q ' and corresponding traveling wave inherent frequency f ' or trouble spot and opposite end bus make a round trip and propagate from detecting between end points and the trouble spot reciprocal biography;
B. utilize traveling wave inherent frequency f ' or the f obtain ", and obtain the zero sequence inductance L of unit length circuit in conjunction with the correlation parameter of shaft tower and circuit
0, the zero sequence capacitor C
0, the positive sequence inductance L
1With the positive sequence capacitor C
1, ask for and f ' or f " corresponding capable wave-wave speed v
f' or v
f";
C. utilize calculatings of finding range of improved single-ended traveling wave range finding formula, x is the distance between test side and the trouble spot, and specifically formula is as follows:
When x less than total track length L 1/2 the time,
When x greater than total track length L 1/2 the time,
2. according to claim 1 in conjunction with the ultra-high-tension power transmission line traveling wave fault method of single end distance measurement of time-frequency characteristics, the correlation parameter of wherein said shaft tower and circuit comprises: electric pressure, wire type, diameter of wire and heading spacing.
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| CN103616613A (en) * | 2013-11-27 | 2014-03-05 | 武汉大学 | Method for locating fault through travelling wave natural frequencies at two ends of electric transmission line |
| CN105137281A (en) * | 2015-08-13 | 2015-12-09 | 国家电网公司 | Hybrid line fault point positioning method based on single-end electric quantity and transient traveling wave comprehensive characteristic analysis |
| CN105301441A (en) * | 2015-10-12 | 2016-02-03 | 深圳供电局有限公司 | Time and frequency domain-combined tower fault locating method and system |
| CN105699855A (en) * | 2016-04-06 | 2016-06-22 | 国网技术学院 | Single-ended traveling fault location calculation method and location method insusceptible to traveling wave speed |
| CN106021730A (en) * | 2016-05-20 | 2016-10-12 | 武汉理工大学 | Method for calculating self-vibration frequency of suspension type bus based on ANSY |
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| CN109917228A (en) * | 2019-03-28 | 2019-06-21 | 国网上海市电力公司 | A kind of traveling wave method distribution net work earthing fault localization method based on RBF neural |
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| CN113406441B (en) * | 2021-07-27 | 2022-07-05 | 天津大学 | Flexible direct-current power grid fault location method based on clustering and iterative algorithm |
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Application publication date: 20130904 |