CN103278261A - High-stability distributed type fiber temperature detection device and calibration method - Google Patents
High-stability distributed type fiber temperature detection device and calibration method Download PDFInfo
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- CN103278261A CN103278261A CN2013102304134A CN201310230413A CN103278261A CN 103278261 A CN103278261 A CN 103278261A CN 2013102304134 A CN2013102304134 A CN 2013102304134A CN 201310230413 A CN201310230413 A CN 201310230413A CN 103278261 A CN103278261 A CN 103278261A
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Abstract
The invention discloses a high-stability distributed type fiber temperature detection device which comprises a pulse laser source, an optical splitter, a reference optical fiber box, measuring optical fibers, a 2*2 photoswitch, a first detector, a second detector and a circuit module. The circuit module controls the 2*2 photoswtich to choose to work under a direct connection mode or a crossing mode, the temperature detection device is made to choose to enter a measuring mode or a calibration mode, the problem of consistency and long-term ageing of the detectors is reduced on the premise of not wasting measuring time, the balance between a measuring property and measuring stability is achieved, the long-time measuring stability of the device is improved, and industrial application needs are met.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to a kind of distributing optical fiber sensing technology, particularly a kind of distributed optical fiber temperature measurement device and calibration steps of high stability.
Background technology
Stability refers to that surveying instrument keeps its measurement characteristics indeclinable ability in time, is the core capabilities index of surveying instrument.Distributed optical fiber temperature measurement device (DTS) is a kind of emerging line type temperature measuring system, it utilizes the temperature value that the ratio of temperature sensitive anti-Stokes Anti-stokes signal and the intensity of the Stokes signal Stokes of temperature-insensitive in the spontaneous Raman scattering effect can the optical fiber each point, and utilize optical time domain reflection technology accurately to locate fire location, it is long to have measuring distance, there is not the blind area of measurement, anti-electromagnetic interference (EMI), advantage such as be fit to work under the rugged surroundings such as inflammable and explosive is in the highway communication tunnel, the high-tension cable ditch, coal conveyer belt, oil well, fields such as dam have than widespread use.The application scenario of distributed optical fiber temperature measurement device all belongs to great critical infrastructures, to having relatively high expectations of temperature survey accuracy, and the requirement that the stability that the needs maintenance is long-term, especially application such as seepage of dam monitoring and the measurement of thick oil thermal extraction downhole temperature are measured stability for a long time to temperature is higher.
It is a lot of that surveying instrument produces the factors of instability, comprises that the wearing and tearing of aging, parts of components and parts and use, storage, maintenance work are careful etc.As existing many paper report (Ye Zongshun, Liu Yanping, Liu Guo etc. the development of temperature-measuring system of distributed fibers and application thereof, hydroelectric power plant's robotization, 2012, Vol. 33, No. 1, pp. 43-45,68), for the distributed optical fiber temperature measurement device, the optical fiber backscatter signals is very faint, needs to adopt two avalanche photodide APD to survey anti-Stokes Anti-stokes and Stokes Stokes signal respectively as photodetector.But avalanche photodide APD photodetection response has big discreteness, and detector is aging behind the long-play causes temperature survey drift to occur.Application number is the distributed optical fiber temperature measurement device that the Chinese patent of 201220589677.X has been announced a kind of single detector, this device is provided with 1 * 2 photoswitch between optical splitter and detector, two signal output parts of optical splitter (anti-Stokes Anti-stokes and Stokes Stokes signal) link to each other with two input ends of 1 * 2 photoswitch respectively, and the output terminal of 1 * 2 photoswitch links to each other with the input end of detector; By controlling 1 * 2 photoswitch, can optionally make anti-Stokes Anti-stokes light or Stokes Stokes light enter detector, namely the mode of surveying by timesharing realizes the detection of the stokes light Stokes of the thermally sensitive anti-Stokes light Anti-Stokes of single detector and temperature-insensitive, reduce the conforming problem of detector, improve long-term temperature measurement accuracy.Because this device is to utilize the mode that timesharing is switched to realize anti-Stokes Anti-stokes and Stokes Stokes acquisition of signal respectively, so just cause the overall measurement time of device to increase, in other words the progressive mean number of times of anti-Stokes Anti-stokes and Stokes Stokes has just reduced in the unit interval, the application scenario of having relatively high expectations for Measuring Time, the minimizing of progressive mean number of times means that signal to noise ratio (S/N ratio) reduces, thermometric noise strengthens, might cause false alarm, reduce the reliability of device.
Summary of the invention
In order to solve above-mentioned deficiency of the prior art, the invention provides a kind of simple in structure and do not sacrifice the distributed optical fiber temperature measurement device of the high stability of Measuring Time.
For achieving the above object, the present invention adopts following technical scheme: a kind of distributed optical fiber temperature measurement device of high stability comprises pulsed laser source, optical splitter, reference optical fiber box, measuring optical fiber, 2 * 2 photoswitches, first detector, second detector and circuit module.The output terminal of light-pulse generator links to each other with the input end of optical splitter, first output terminal of optical splitter links to each other with reference optical fiber box, measuring optical fiber successively, second output terminal of optical splitter and the 3rd output terminal are respectively to link to each other with two input ends of 2 * 2 photoswitches, two output terminals of 2 * 2 photoswitches link to each other with the input end of first detector, second detector respectively, and the output terminal of first detector, second detector and 2 * 2 photoswitch switching controls ends link to each other with circuit module.
Described 2 * 2 photoswitches have two kinds of mode of operations: direct mode operation and cross-mode, by described circuit module control, allow described 2 * 2 photoswitches select to work in direct mode operation or cross-mode, make temperature measuring equipment select to enter measurement pattern or calibration mode.
Described light-pulse generator is semiconductor laser light resource or the fiber laser light source of narrow pulse width, high-peak power.
Described first detector and second detector are avalanche photodide APD, are respectively applied to survey faint fibre scattering signal: anti-Stokes Anti-stokes and Stokes Stokes.
The present invention also provides a kind of calibration steps of distributed optical fiber temperature measurement device of high stability, and the method includes the steps of:
(1) by circuit module control 2 * 2 photoswitches, make 2 * 2 photoswitches be in direct mode operation, temperature measuring equipment enters measurement pattern;
(2) utilize first detector and second detector to survey anti-Stokes light dorsad and the stokes light that returns from reference optical fiber box and measuring optical fiber respectively, and pass to circuit module;
(3) utilize the interior anti-Stokes light average value P a0 of actual temperature T0, reference optical fiber box section of reference optical fiber box and anti-Stokes light Pa (z) and the stokes light Ps (z) of stokes light average value P s0 and measuring optical fiber each point, calculate the measurement temperature value Tb (z) of each point on the measuring optical fiber;
(4) every some cycles, by circuit module control 2 * 2 photoswitches, make 2 * 2 photoswitches be in cross-mode, temperature measuring equipment enters calibration mode;
(5) utilize second detector to survey the anti-Stokes light dorsad that returns from reference optical fiber box and measuring optical fiber, and pass to circuit module;
(6) utilize the actual temperature T0 of reference optical fiber box, the stokes light Ps (z) of the interior stokes light average value P s0 of the last reference optical fiber box section of surveying of (being under the direct mode operation) second detector and measuring optical fiber each point before 2 * 2 photoswitch patterns are switched, with the anti-Stokes light Pa (z) of the interior anti-Stokes light average value P a0 of the reference optical fiber box section that (being under the cross-mode) second detector the last time is surveyed after the switching of 2 * 2 photoswitch patterns and measuring optical fiber each point, calculate the measurement temperature value Tc (z) of each point on the measuring optical fiber;
(7) temperature correction value Δ T (z)=Tc (the z)-Tb (z) of each point on the calculating measuring optical fiber, and preservation is in cross-mode until control 2 * 2 photoswitches next time;
(8) temperature of each point is T (z)=Tb (z)+Δ T (z) on the measuring optical fiber of this moment after calibrating, and begins measuring period next time.
The present invention can realize two kinds of light channel structures by the mode of operation of control 2 * 2 photoswitches, and namely the distributed optical fiber temperature measurement device has two kinds of running statuses: measurement pattern and calibration mode.When 2 * 2 photoswitches are in direct mode operation, the distributed optical fiber temperature measurement device is in measurement pattern, utilize this moment first detector and second detector to survey anti-Stokes light dorsad and the stokes light that returns from reference optical fiber box and measuring optical fiber respectively, owing to adopt two detectors detectable signal simultaneously, can in short Measuring Time, obtain more progressive mean number of times, the signal to noise ratio (S/N ratio) height, the thermometric better performances; When 2 * 2 photoswitches are in cross-mode, the distributed optical fiber temperature measurement device is in calibration mode, this moment, first detector will anti-Stokes light becomes dorsad stokes light, second detector will stokes light becomes anti-Stokes light dorsad from surveying dorsad from surveying dorsad, namely utilize same detector can realize the measurement of anti-Stokes light and stokes light dorsad respectively, reduce the problem of detector consistance and long-term ageing, temperature measurement accuracy and stability are high, can realize the on-line calibration of distributed optical fiber temperature measurement device.Because detector aging belongs to behavior slowly, at measurement performance with measure balance between the stability, can enter the primary calibration pattern every some cycles (as every day) according to actual needs, all the other mosts of the time are used for measurement pattern.
Compared with prior art, the invention has the advantages that:
(1) distributed optical fiber temperature measurement device of the present invention utilizes two kinds of mode of operations of 2 * 2 photoswitches to obtain measurement pattern and calibration mode, under the prerequisite of not sacrificing Measuring Time, reduce the problem of detector consistance and long-term ageing, realize the balance between measurement performance and the measurement stability;
(2) distributed optical fiber temperature measurement apparatus structure of the present invention is simple, and it is few to increase cost;
(3) distributed optical fiber temperature measurement device of the present invention is on-line automatic calibration steps, need not manually-operated, simple possible.
Description of drawings
Fig. 1 is the distributed optical fiber temperature measurement device of a kind of high stability of the present invention.
Fig. 2 is the calibration steps of the distributed optical fiber temperature measurement device of a kind of high stability of the present invention.
Embodiment
Below in conjunction with drawings and Examples, the present invention is done further detailed description.
Embodiment 1:
As shown in Figure 1, a kind of distributed optical fiber temperature measurement device of high stability comprises pulsed laser source 1, optical splitter 2, reference optical fiber box 3, measuring optical fiber 4,2 * 2 photoswitches 5, first detector 6, second detector 7 and circuit module 8.The output terminal of light-pulse generator 1 links to each other with the input end 21 of optical splitter 2, first output terminal 22 of optical splitter links to each other with reference optical fiber box 3, measuring optical fiber 4 successively, second output terminal 23 of optical splitter 2 and the 3rd output terminal 24 are respectively to link to each other with 52 with two input ends 51 of 2 * 2 photoswitches 5, two output terminals 53 of 2 * 2 photoswitches 5 link to each other with the input end of first detector 6, second detector 7 respectively with 54, and the output terminal of first detector 6, second detector 7 and 2 * 2 photoswitches, 5 switching controls ends link to each other with circuit module 8.
Light-pulse generator 1 is semiconductor laser light resource or the fiber laser light source of narrow pulse width, high-peak power.Present embodiment preferred center wavelength is the fiber laser light source of 1550nm, and pulse width 2 ~ 100ns is adjustable, and peak power 0.5 ~ 100W is adjustable.
3 coilings of reference optical fiber box have one section optical fiber, are that tens of rice are to hundreds of rice according to the fiber lengths of measuring the needs coiling.Described reference optical fiber box 3 can adopt thermostatically controlled mode, also can platinum resistance etc. the mode measured in real time of temperature element.
Measuring optical fiber 4 can be selected the optical fiber of different core diameters and sheath as required, and optical fiber is temperature element, also is signal transmission medium.Present embodiment is increase backscatter signals intensity, the communication multimode optical fiber of preferred GI62.5/125, and sheath is the low smoke and zero halogen material.
2 * 2 photoswitches 5 have two kinds of mode of operations: direct mode operation and cross-mode, mode of operation is by circuit module 8 controls.When 2 * 2 photoswitches 5 are in direct mode operation, input end 51 and the output terminal 53 of 2 * 2 photoswitches 5 is connected, input end 52 and the output terminal 54 of 2 * 2 photoswitches 5 are connected, the light signal (wavelength is the anti-Stokes light signal of 1450nm centered by the present embodiment) of second output terminal 23 of described optical splitter 2 is surveyed by first detector 6 behind 2 * 2 photoswitches 5 at this moment, and the light signal of the 3rd output terminal 24 of described optical splitter 2 (wavelength is the Stokes light signal of 1660nm centered by the present embodiment) is surveyed by second detector 7 behind 2 * 2 photoswitches 5.Similarly, when 2 * 2 photoswitches 5 are in cross-mode, input end 51 and the output terminal 54 of 2 * 2 photoswitches 5 are connected, input end 52 and the output terminal 53 of 2 * 2 photoswitches 5 are connected, the light signal (wavelength is the anti-Stokes light signal of 1450nm centered by the present embodiment) of second output terminal 23 of described optical splitter 2 is surveyed by second detector 7 behind 2 * 2 photoswitches 5 at this moment, and the light signal of the 3rd output terminal 24 of described optical splitter 2 (wavelength is the Stokes light signal of 1660nm centered by the present embodiment) is surveyed by first detector 6 behind 2 * 2 photoswitches 5.
As shown in Figure 2, the present invention also provides a kind of calibration steps of distributed optical fiber temperature measurement device of high stability, and the method includes the steps of:
(1) by circuit module 8 controls 2 * 2 photoswitches 5, make 2 * 2 photoswitches 5 be in direct mode operation, temperature measuring equipment enters measurement pattern;
(2) utilize first detector 6 and second detector 7 to survey anti-Stokes light dorsad and the stokes light that returns from reference optical fiber box 3 and measuring optical fiber 4 respectively, and pass to circuit module 8;
(3) utilize the actual temperature T of reference optical fiber box 3
0, anti-Stokes light mean value in reference optical fiber box 3 sections
P a0
With stokes light mean value
P s0
And the anti-Stokes light of measuring optical fiber 4 each points
P a (
z) and stokes light
P s (
z), calculate the measurement temperature value T of each point on the measuring optical fiber 4
b(
z);
(4) every some cycles, by circuit module 8 controls 2 * 2 photoswitches 5, make 2 * 2 photoswitches 5 be in cross-mode, temperature measuring equipment enters calibration mode;
(5) utilize second detector 7 to survey the anti-Stokes light dorsad that returns from reference optical fiber box 3 and measuring optical fiber 4, and pass to circuit module 8;
(6) utilize the actual temperature T of reference optical fiber box 3
0, 2 * 2 photoswitches, 5 patterns switch before stokes light mean value in (being under the direct mode operation) second detector 7 last reference optical fiber box 3 sections of surveying
P s0
And the stokes light of measuring optical fiber 4 each points
P s (
z) and 2 * 2 photoswitches, 5 patterns switch after anti-Stokes light mean value in reference optical fiber box 3 sections surveyed of (being under the cross-mode) 7 the last times of second detector
P a0
And the anti-Stokes light of measuring optical fiber 4 each points
P a (
z), calculate the measurement temperature value T of each point on the measuring optical fiber 4
c(
z);
(7) calculate each point on the measuring optical fiber 4 temperature correction value Δ T (
z)=T
c(
z)-T
b(
z), and preservation is in cross-mode until control 2 * 2 photoswitches 5 next time;
(8) this moment the temperature of each point on the measuring optical fiber 4 after the calibration be T (
z)=T
b(
z)+Δ T (
z), and begin measuring period next time.
In this specific embodiment, the mode of operation by circuit module 8 controls 2 * 2 photoswitches 5 can realize two kinds of light channel structures, and namely the distributed optical fiber temperature measurement device has two kinds of running statuses: measurement pattern and calibration mode.When 2 * 2 photoswitches 5 are in direct mode operation, the distributed optical fiber temperature measurement device is in measurement pattern, utilize this moment first detector 6 and second detector 7 to survey anti-Stokes light dorsad (light signal of second output terminal 23 of optical splitter 2) and the stokes light (light signal of the 3rd output terminal 24 of optical splitter 2) that returns from reference optical fiber box 3 and measuring optical fiber 4 respectively, owing to adopt two detectors detectable signal simultaneously, can in short Measuring Time, obtain more progressive mean number of times, the signal to noise ratio (S/N ratio) height, the thermometric better performances; When 2 * 2 photoswitches 5 were in cross-mode, the distributed optical fiber temperature measurement device was in calibration mode, and the light signal that this moment, first detector 6 and second detector 7 were surveyed will exchange.Because the Measuring Time under the measurement pattern is shorter relatively, and the Measuring Time under the calibration mode can lengthen, consider that the Stokes light signal is bigger, for obtaining better to calibrate effect, the output signal of preferred second detector 7 in the present embodiment, namely utilize 2 * 2 photoswitches 5 switch to second detector, 7 last Stokes signals of surveying before the cross-mode (
P s0
,
P s (
z)) and 2 * 2 photoswitches 5 switch to the anti-Stokes signal that 7 the last times of second detector after the cross-mode survey (
P a0
,
P a (
z)), calculate the temperature value T of each point on the measuring optical fiber
c(
z).Namely utilize same detector can realize the measurement of anti-Stokes light and stokes light dorsad respectively, reduce the problem of detector consistance and long-term ageing, temperature measurement accuracy and stability are high, can realize the on-line calibration of distributed optical fiber temperature measurement device.Because detector aging belongs to behavior slowly, at measurement performance with measure balance between the stability, can enter the primary calibration pattern every some cycles (as every day) according to actual needs, all the other mosts of the time are used for measurement pattern.Distributed optical fiber temperature measurement device of the present invention utilizes two kinds of mode of operations of 2 * 2 photoswitches to obtain measurement pattern and calibration mode, under the prerequisite of not sacrificing Measuring Time, reduce the problem of detector consistance and long-term ageing, realize the balance between measurement performance and the measurement stability.
Claims (3)
1. the distributed optical fiber temperature measurement device of a high stability, comprise pulsed laser source, optical splitter, the reference optical fiber box, measuring optical fiber, first detector, second detector and circuit module, it is characterized in that also comprising 2 * 2 photoswitches, the output terminal of described light-pulse generator links to each other with the input end of described optical splitter, first output terminal of described optical splitter links to each other with described reference optical fiber box and described measuring optical fiber successively, second output terminal of described optical splitter and the 3rd output terminal are respectively to link to each other with two input ends of described 2 * 2 photoswitches, two output terminals of described 2 * 2 photoswitches link to each other with the input end of described first detector and second detector respectively, and the output terminal of described first detector and second detector and described 2 * 2 photoswitch switching controls ends link to each other with described circuit module.
2. the distributed optical fiber temperature measurement device of a kind of high stability according to claim 1, it is characterized in that allowing described 2 * 2 photoswitches select to work in direct mode operation or cross-mode by described circuit module control, make temperature measuring equipment select to enter measurement pattern or calibration mode.
3. the calibration steps of the distributed optical fiber temperature measurement device of a high stability is characterized in that comprising following steps:
(1) by circuit module control 2 * 2 photoswitches, make 2 * 2 photoswitches be in direct mode operation, temperature measuring equipment enters measurement pattern;
(2) utilize first detector and second detector to survey anti-Stokes light dorsad and the stokes light that returns from reference optical fiber box and measuring optical fiber respectively, and pass to circuit module;
(3) utilize the actual temperature T of reference optical fiber box
0, anti-Stokes light mean value in the reference optical fiber box section
P a0
With stokes light mean value
P s0
And the anti-Stokes light of measuring optical fiber each point
P a (
z) and stokes light
P s (
z), calculate the measurement temperature value T of each point on the measuring optical fiber
b(
z);
(4) every some cycles, by circuit module control 2 * 2 photoswitches, make 2 * 2 photoswitches be in cross-mode, temperature measuring equipment enters calibration mode;
(5) utilize second detector to survey the anti-Stokes light dorsad that returns from reference optical fiber box and measuring optical fiber, and pass to circuit module;
(6) utilize the actual temperature T of reference optical fiber box
0, 2 * 2 photoswitch patterns switch before stokes light mean value in the last reference optical fiber box section of surveying of (being under the direct mode operation) second detector
P s0
And the stokes light of measuring optical fiber each point
P s (
z) and 2 * 2 photoswitch patterns switch after anti-Stokes light mean value in the reference optical fiber box section surveyed of (being under the cross-mode) second detector the last time
P a0
And the anti-Stokes light of measuring optical fiber each point
P a (
z), calculate the measurement temperature value T of each point on the measuring optical fiber
c(
z);
(7) calculate each point on the measuring optical fiber temperature correction value Δ T (
z)=T
c(
z)-T
b(
z), and preservation is in cross-mode until control 2 * 2 photoswitches next time;
(8) this moment the temperature of each point on the measuring optical fiber after the calibration be T (
z)=T
b(
z)+Δ T (
z), and begin measuring period next time.
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| CN106257249A (en) * | 2015-11-13 | 2016-12-28 | 云南航天工程物探检测股份有限公司 | It is applicable to temperature-measuring system of distributed fibers and the temp measuring method of tunnel thermometric |
| CN108593133A (en) * | 2018-05-22 | 2018-09-28 | 青岛海尔空调电子有限公司 | Detection circuit, the method, apparatus of the water temperature of handpiece Water Chilling Units in a kind of detection air-conditioning |
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| CN110779565A (en) * | 2019-11-13 | 2020-02-11 | 陕西航空电气有限责任公司 | Panel type digital instrument with automatic conversion function |
| CN114689199A (en) * | 2020-12-29 | 2022-07-01 | 华润微集成电路(无锡)有限公司 | Prediction type electronic thermometer circuit structure for realizing temperature compensation |
| CN114689199B (en) * | 2020-12-29 | 2023-06-02 | 华润微集成电路(无锡)有限公司 | Predictive electronic thermometer circuit structure for realizing temperature compensation |
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