CN103278261B - High-stability distributed type fiber temperature detection device and calibration method - Google Patents
High-stability distributed type fiber temperature detection device and calibration method Download PDFInfo
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- CN103278261B CN103278261B CN201310230413.4A CN201310230413A CN103278261B CN 103278261 B CN103278261 B CN 103278261B CN 201310230413 A CN201310230413 A CN 201310230413A CN 103278261 B CN103278261 B CN 103278261B
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Abstract
The invention discloses a high-stability distributed type fiber temperature detection device which comprises a pulse laser source, an optical splitter, a reference optical fiber box, measuring optical fibers, a 2*2 photoswitch, a first detector, a second detector and a circuit module. The circuit module controls the 2*2 photoswtich to choose to work under a direct connection mode or a crossing mode, the temperature detection device is made to choose to enter a measuring mode or a calibration mode, the problem of consistency and long-term ageing of the detectors is reduced on the premise of not wasting measuring time, the balance between a measuring property and measuring stability is achieved, the long-time measuring stability of the device is improved, and industrial application needs are met.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to a kind of Distributed Optical Fiber Sensing Techniques, particularly a kind of distributed fiber temperature measuring device of high stability and calibration steps.
Background technology
Stability refers to that surveying instrument keeps its measurement characteristics indeclinable ability in time, is the core capabilities index of surveying instrument.Distributed fiber temperature measuring device (DTS) is a kind of emerging line type temperature measuring system, it utilizes the intensity ratio of the Stokes signal Stokes of temperature sensitive anti-Stokes Anti-stokes signal and temperature-insensitive in spontaneous Raman scattering effect to get final product the temperature value of optical fiber each point, and utilize optical time domain reflection technology accurately to locate fire location, there is measuring distance long, without measuring blind area, electromagnetism interference, the advantage such as work under being applicable to the rugged surroundings such as inflammable and explosive, in highway communication tunnel, high-tension cable ditch, coal conveyer belt, oil well, there is comparatively widespread use in the fields such as dam.The application scenario of distributed fiber temperature measuring device all belongs to great critical infrastructures, higher to the requirement of temperature survey accuracy, and need to keep long-term stability, especially the application such as seepage of dam monitoring and the measurement of thick oil thermal extraction downhole temperature is higher to the requirement of the long-term Measurement sensibility of temperature.
It is a lot of that surveying instrument produces the factors of instability, comprise the wearing and tearing of aging, the parts of components and parts and use, storage, maintenance work are not careful.As existing many paper report (Ye Zongshun, Liu Yanping, Liu Guo etc. the development of temperature-measuring system of distributed fibers and application thereof, automation of hydropower plant, 2012, Vol. 33, No. 1, pp. 43-45,68), for distributed fiber temperature measuring device, optical fiber backscatter signals is very faint, needs employing two avalanche photodide APD to detect anti-Stokes Anti-stokes and Stokes Stokes signal respectively as photodetector.But avalanche photodide APD photodetection response has larger discreteness, after long-play, detector is aging causes temperature survey to occur drift.Application number is that the Chinese patent of 201220589677.X has announced a kind of distributed fiber temperature measuring device of single detector, this device is provided with 1 × 2 photoswitch between optical splitter and detector, two signal output parts (anti-Stokes Anti-stokes and Stokes Stokes signal) of optical splitter are connected with two input ends of 1 × 2 photoswitch respectively, and the output terminal of 1 × 2 photoswitch is connected with the input end of detector; By controlling 1 × 2 photoswitch, anti-Stokes Anti-stokes light or Stokes Stokes light can be optionally made to enter detector, namely the mode detected by timesharing realizes the detection of the stokes light Stokes of the thermally sensitive anti-Stokes light Anti-Stokes of single detector and temperature-insensitive, reduce the conforming problem of detector, improve long-term temperature measurement accuracy.Because this device is that the mode utilizing timesharing to switch realizes anti-Stokes Anti-stokes and Stokes Stokes acquisition of signal respectively, the overall measurement time of device is so just caused to increase, in other words within the unit interval, the progressive mean number of times of anti-Stokes Anti-stokes and Stokes Stokes just decreases, higher application scenario is required for Measuring Time, the minimizing of progressive mean number of times means that signal to noise ratio (S/N ratio) reduces, thermometric noise strengthens, likely cause false alarm, reduce the reliability of device.
Summary of the invention
In order to solve above-mentioned deficiency of the prior art, the invention provides a kind of structure simply and do not sacrifice the distributed fiber temperature measuring device of the high stability of Measuring Time.
For achieving the above object, the present invention adopts following technical scheme: a kind of distributed fiber temperature measuring device of high stability, comprises pulsed laser source, optical splitter, reference optical fiber box, measuring optical fiber, 2 × 2 photoswitches, the first detector, the second detector and circuit module.The output terminal of light-pulse generator is connected with the input end of optical splitter, first output terminal of optical splitter is connected with reference optical fiber box, measuring optical fiber successively, second output terminal of optical splitter with the 3rd output terminal respectively to be connected with two input ends of 2 × 2 photoswitches, two output terminals of 2 × 2 photoswitches are connected with the input end of the first detector, the second detector respectively, and the output terminal of the first detector, the second detector and 2 × 2 photoswitches switch control end and are connected with circuit module.
2 × 2 described photoswitches have two kinds of mode of operations: direct mode operation and cross-mode, controlled by described circuit module, allow 2 × 2 described photoswitches select to work in direct mode operation or cross-mode, make temperature measuring equipment select to enter measurement pattern or calibration mode.
Described light-pulse generator is narrow pulse width, the semiconductor laser light resource of high-peak power or fiber laser light source.
The first described detector and the second detector are avalanche photodide APD, are respectively used to detect faint fibre scattering signal: anti-Stokes Anti-stokes and Stokes Stokes.
Present invention also offers a kind of calibration steps of distributed fiber temperature measuring device of high stability, the method includes the steps of:
(1) control 2 × 2 photoswitches by circuit module, make 2 × 2 photoswitches be in direct mode operation, temperature measuring equipment enters measurement pattern;
(2) anti-Stokes light dorsad and stokes light that utilize the first detector and the second detector to detect respectively to return from reference optical fiber box and measuring optical fiber, and pass to circuit module;
(3) utilize anti-Stokes light Pa (z) and stokes light Ps (z) of anti-Stokes light average value P a0 and stokes light average value P s0 and measuring optical fiber each point in the actual temperature T0 of reference optical fiber box, reference optical fiber box section, calculate measuring tempeature value Tb (z) of each point in measuring optical fiber;
(4) every some cycles, control 2 × 2 photoswitches by circuit module, make 2 × 2 photoswitches be in cross-mode, temperature measuring equipment enters calibration mode;
(5) utilize the second detector to detect the anti-Stokes light dorsad returned from reference optical fiber box and measuring optical fiber, and pass to circuit module;
(6) the actual temperature T0 of reference optical fiber box is utilized, stokes light Ps (z) of stokes light average value P s0 and measuring optical fiber each point in last the detected reference optical fiber box section of (namely under direct mode operation) second detector before 2 × 2 photoswitch patterns switch, with anti-Stokes light Pa (z) of anti-Stokes light average value P a0 and measuring optical fiber each point in the last reference optical fiber box section detected of (namely under cross-mode) second detector after 2 × 2 photoswitch patterns switchings, calculate measuring tempeature value Tc (z) of each point in measuring optical fiber,
(7) temperature calibration value Δ T (z)=Tc (the z)-Tb (z) of each point on computation and measurement optical fiber, and preserve until control 2 × 2 photoswitches to be in cross-mode next time;
(8) in the measuring optical fiber now after calibration, the temperature of each point is T (z)=Tb (z)+Δ T (z), and starts measuring period next time.
The present invention is by the mode of operation of control 2 × 2 photoswitch, and can realize two kinds of light channel structures, namely distributed fiber temperature measuring device has two kinds of running statuses: measurement pattern and calibration mode.When 2 × 2 photoswitches are in direct mode operation, distributed fiber temperature measuring device is in measurement pattern, the anti-Stokes light dorsad and stokes light that now utilize the first detector and the second detector to detect respectively to return from reference optical fiber box and measuring optical fiber, owing to adopting two detectors detectable signal simultaneously, more progressive mean number of times can be obtained in shorter Measuring Time, signal to noise ratio (S/N ratio) is high, thermometric better performances; When 2 × 2 photoswitches are in cross-mode, distributed fiber temperature measuring device is in calibration mode, now the first detector will become stokes light, the second detector dorsad and will become anti-Stokes light dorsad from detecting stokes light dorsad from detecting anti-Stokes light dorsad, namely same detector is utilized can to realize the measurement of anti-Stokes light and stokes light dorsad respectively, reduce the problem of detector consistance and long-term ageing, temperature measurement accuracy and stability high, the on-line calibration of distributed fiber temperature measuring device can be realized.Because the aging of detector belongs to behavior slowly, for balancing between measurement performance and Measurement sensibility, can enter primary calibration pattern according to actual needs every some cycles (as every day), all the other mosts of the time are used for measurement pattern.
Compared with prior art, the invention has the advantages that:
(1) distributed fiber temperature measuring device of the present invention utilizes two kinds of mode of operations of 2 × 2 photoswitches to obtain measurement pattern and calibration mode, under the prerequisite of not sacrificing Measuring Time, reduce the problem of detector consistance and long-term ageing, realize the balance between measurement performance and Measurement sensibility;
(2) distributed fiber temperature measuring device structure of the present invention is simple, increases cost few;
(3) distributed fiber temperature measuring device of the present invention is on-line automatic calibration steps, without the need to manual operation, and simple possible.
Accompanying drawing explanation
Fig. 1 is the distributed fiber temperature measuring device of a kind of high stability of the present invention.
Fig. 2 is the calibration steps of the distributed fiber temperature measuring device of a kind of high stability of the present invention.
Embodiment
Below in conjunction with drawings and Examples, the present invention is further described in detail.
embodiment 1:
As shown in Figure 1, a kind of distributed fiber temperature measuring device of high stability, comprises pulsed laser source 1, optical splitter 2, reference optical fiber box 3, measuring optical fiber 4,2 × 2 photoswitch 5, first detector 6, second detector 7 and circuit module 8.The output terminal of light-pulse generator 1 is connected with the input end 21 of optical splitter 2, first output terminal 22 of optical splitter is connected with reference optical fiber box 3, measuring optical fiber 4 successively, second output terminal 23 of optical splitter 2 with the 3rd output terminal 24 respectively to be connected with 52 with two input ends 51 of 2 × 2 photoswitches 5, two output terminals 53 of 2 × 2 photoswitches 5 are connected with the input end of the first detector 6, second detector 7 respectively with 54, and the output terminal of the first detector 6, second detector 7 and 2 × 2 photoswitches 5 switch control end and are connected with circuit module 8.
Light-pulse generator 1 is narrow pulse width, the semiconductor laser light resource of high-peak power or fiber laser light source.The present embodiment preferred center wavelength is the fiber laser light source of 1550nm, and pulse width 2 ~ 100ns is adjustable, and peak power 0.5 ~ 100W is adjustable.
Optical splitter 2 is for separating of optical fiber backscatter signals, the present embodiment adopts 1 × 3 Raman WDM optical splitter, and wherein input end 21 is 1550nm Transmission light, and the first output terminal 22 is common port, second output terminal 23 is 1450nm Transmission light, and the 3rd output terminal 24 is 1660nm Transmission light.
Reference optical fiber box 3 coiling has one section of optical fiber, needs the fiber lengths of coiling to be that tens of rice is to hundreds of rice according to measuring.Described reference optical fiber box 3 can adopt thermostatically controlled mode, also can the mode measured in real time of the temperature element such as platinum resistance.
Measuring optical fiber 4 can select the optical fiber of different core diameter and sheath as required, and optical fiber is temperature element, is also signal transmission medium.The present embodiment is for increasing backscatter signals intensity, and the communication multimode optical fiber of preferred GI62.5/125, sheath is low smoke and zero halogen material.
2 × 2 photoswitches 5 have two kinds of mode of operations: direct mode operation and cross-mode, and mode of operation is controlled by circuit module 8.When 2 × 2 photoswitches 5 are in direct mode operation, the input end 51 of 2 × 2 photoswitches 5 is connected with output terminal 53, the input end 52 of 2 × 2 photoswitches 5 is connected with output terminal 54, the light signal (the anti-Stokes light signal that centered by the present embodiment, wavelength is 1450nm) of the second output terminal 23 of now described optical splitter 2 is detected by the first detector 6 after 2 × 2 photoswitches 5, and the light signal (the Stokes light signal that centered by the present embodiment, wavelength is 1660nm) of the 3rd output terminal 24 of described optical splitter 2 is detected by the second detector 7 after 2 × 2 photoswitches 5.Similar, when 2 × 2 photoswitches 5 are in cross-mode, the input end 51 of 2 × 2 photoswitches 5 is connected with output terminal 54, the input end 52 of 2 × 2 photoswitches 5 is connected with output terminal 53, the light signal (the anti-Stokes light signal that centered by the present embodiment, wavelength is 1450nm) of the second output terminal 23 of now described optical splitter 2 is detected by the second detector 7 after 2 × 2 photoswitches 5, the light signal (the Stokes light signal that centered by the present embodiment, wavelength is 1660nm) of the 3rd output terminal 24 of described optical splitter 2 is detected by the first detector 6 after 2 × 2 photoswitches 5.
First detector 6 and the second detector 7 are high-sensitive avalanche photodide, select InGaAs APD in the present embodiment.Received by described circuit module 8 after first detector 6 and the second detector 7 convert light signal to electric signal.
Circuit module 8 comprises the functional module such as switching control of Signal acquiring and processing unit, 2 × 2 photoswitches 5, can calculate the temperature value of measuring optical fiber 4 each point according to the signal of the first detector 6 and the second detector 7.
As shown in Figure 2, present invention also offers a kind of calibration steps of distributed fiber temperature measuring device of high stability, the method includes the steps of:
(1) control 2 × 2 photoswitches 5 by circuit module 8, make 2 × 2 photoswitches 5 be in direct mode operation, temperature measuring equipment enters measurement pattern;
(2) utilize the first detector 6 and the second detector 7 to detect the anti-Stokes light dorsad and stokes light that return from reference optical fiber box 3 and measuring optical fiber 4 respectively, and pass to circuit module 8;
(3) the actual temperature T of reference optical fiber box 3 is utilized
0, anti-Stokes light mean value in reference optical fiber box 3 section
p a0
with stokes light mean value
p s0
and the anti-Stokes light of measuring optical fiber 4 each point
p a (
z) and stokes light
p s (
z), calculate the measuring tempeature value T of each point in measuring optical fiber 4
b(
z);
(4) every some cycles, control 2 × 2 photoswitches 5 by circuit module 8, make 2 × 2 photoswitches 5 be in cross-mode, temperature measuring equipment enters calibration mode;
(5) utilize the second detector 7 to detect the anti-Stokes light dorsad returned from reference optical fiber box 3 and measuring optical fiber 4, and pass to circuit module 8;
(6) the actual temperature T of reference optical fiber box 3 is utilized
0, 2 × 2 photoswitch 5 patterns switch before stokes light mean value in last detected reference optical fiber box 3 section of (namely under direct mode operation) second detector 7
p s0
and the stokes light of measuring optical fiber 4 each point
p s (
z), and 2 × 2 photoswitch 5 patterns switch after anti-Stokes light mean value in reference optical fiber box 3 section that detects of (namely under cross-mode) second detector 7 the last time
p a0
and the anti-Stokes light of measuring optical fiber 4 each point
p a (
z), calculate the measuring tempeature value T of each point in measuring optical fiber 4
c(
z);
(7) on computation and measurement optical fiber 4 each point temperature calibration value Δ T (
z)=T
c(
z)-T
b(
z), and preserve until control 2 × 2 photoswitches 5 to be in cross-mode next time;
(8) in the measuring optical fiber 4 now after calibration the temperature of each point be T (
z)=T
b(
z)+Δ T (
z), and start measuring period next time.
In this particular embodiment, controlled the mode of operation of 2 × 2 photoswitches 5 by circuit module 8, can realize two kinds of light channel structures, namely distributed fiber temperature measuring device has two kinds of running statuses: measurement pattern and calibration mode.When 2 × 2 photoswitches 5 are in direct mode operation, distributed fiber temperature measuring device is in measurement pattern, the anti-Stokes light dorsad (light signal of the second output terminal 23 of optical splitter 2) now utilizing the first detector 6 and the second detector 7 to detect respectively to return from reference optical fiber box 3 and measuring optical fiber 4 and stokes light (light signal of the 3rd output terminal 24 of optical splitter 2), owing to adopting two detectors detectable signal simultaneously, more progressive mean number of times can be obtained in shorter Measuring Time, signal to noise ratio (S/N ratio) is high, thermometric better performances; When 2 × 2 photoswitches 5 are in cross-mode, distributed fiber temperature measuring device is in calibration mode, and the light signal of now the first detector 6 and the detection of the second detector 7 will exchange.Because the Measuring Time under measurement pattern is relatively short, and the Measuring Time under calibration mode can lengthen, consider that Stokes light signal is larger, better effect is calibrated for obtaining, the output signal of preferred the second detector 7 in the present embodiment, namely utilize 2 × 2 photoswitches 5 switch to cross-mode before last the detected Stokes signal of the second detector 7 (
p s0
,
p s (
z)) and 2 × 2 photoswitches 5 switch to cross-mode after second detector 7 the last time detect Anti-Stokes signal (
p a0
,
p a (
z)), calculate the temperature value T of each point in measuring optical fiber
c(
z).Namely utilize same detector can realize the measurement of anti-Stokes light and stokes light dorsad respectively, reduce the problem of detector consistance and long-term ageing, temperature measurement accuracy and stability high, the on-line calibration of distributed fiber temperature measuring device can be realized.Because the aging of detector belongs to behavior slowly, for balancing between measurement performance and Measurement sensibility, can enter primary calibration pattern according to actual needs every some cycles (as every day), all the other mosts of the time are used for measurement pattern.Distributed fiber temperature measuring device of the present invention utilizes two kinds of mode of operations of 2 × 2 photoswitches to obtain measurement pattern and calibration mode, under the prerequisite of not sacrificing Measuring Time, reduce the problem of detector consistance and long-term ageing, realize the balance between measurement performance and Measurement sensibility.
Claims (1)
1. the calibration steps of the distributed fiber temperature measuring device of a high stability, distributed fiber temperature measuring device comprises pulsed laser source, optical splitter, reference optical fiber box, measuring optical fiber, first detector, second detector and circuit module, characterized by further comprising 2 × 2 photoswitches, the output terminal of described pulsed laser source is connected with the input end of described optical splitter, first output terminal of described optical splitter is connected with described reference optical fiber box and described measuring optical fiber successively, second output terminal of described optical splitter is connected with two input ends of 2 × 2 described photoswitches respectively with the 3rd output terminal, two output terminals of 2 × 2 described photoswitches are connected with the input end of the first described detector and the second detector respectively, the output terminal of the first described detector and the second detector and 2 × 2 described photoswitches switch control ends and are connected with described circuit module, specifically comprise following steps:
(1) control 2 × 2 photoswitches by circuit module, make 2 × 2 photoswitches be in direct mode operation, temperature measuring equipment enters measurement pattern;
(2) anti-Stokes light dorsad and stokes light that utilize the first detector and the second detector to detect respectively to return from reference optical fiber box and measuring optical fiber, and pass to circuit module;
(3) the actual temperature T of reference optical fiber box is utilized
0, anti-Stokes light mean value in reference optical fiber box section
p a0
with stokes light mean value
p s0
and the anti-Stokes light of measuring optical fiber each point
p a (
z) and stokes light
p s (
z), calculate the measuring tempeature value T of each point in measuring optical fiber
b(
z);
(4) every some cycles, control 2 × 2 photoswitches by circuit module, make 2 × 2 photoswitches be in cross-mode, temperature measuring equipment enters calibration mode;
(5) utilize the second detector to detect the anti-Stokes light dorsad returned from reference optical fiber box and measuring optical fiber, and pass to circuit module;
(6) the actual temperature T of reference optical fiber box is utilized
0, 2 × 2 photoswitches switch to cross-mode from direct mode operation before stokes light mean value in last the detected reference optical fiber box section of the second detector
p s0
and the stokes light of measuring optical fiber each point
p s (
z), and 2 × 2 photoswitch patterns switch to cross-mode after anti-Stokes light mean value in the second reference optical fiber box section of detecting of detector the last time
p a0
and the anti-Stokes light of measuring optical fiber each point
p a (
z), calculate the measuring tempeature value T of each point in measuring optical fiber
c(
z);
(7) on computation and measurement optical fiber each point temperature calibration value Δ T (
z)=T
c(
z)-T
b(
z), and preserve until control 2 × 2 photoswitches to be in cross-mode next time;
(8) in the measuring optical fiber now after calibration the temperature of each point be T ' (
z)=T
b(
z)+Δ T (
z), and start measuring period next time.
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| CN104914895B (en) * | 2015-04-10 | 2017-01-25 | 青岛创立科技开发有限公司 | Distributed-type optical-fiber temperature measurement system gain stability control method |
| CN106257249A (en) * | 2015-11-13 | 2016-12-28 | 云南航天工程物探检测股份有限公司 | It is applicable to temperature-measuring system of distributed fibers and the temp measuring method of tunnel thermometric |
| CN110945800B (en) * | 2018-03-05 | 2021-06-01 | 华为技术有限公司 | Optical performance monitoring device and method |
| CN108593133A (en) * | 2018-05-22 | 2018-09-28 | 青岛海尔空调电子有限公司 | Detection circuit, the method, apparatus of the water temperature of handpiece Water Chilling Units in a kind of detection air-conditioning |
| CN110779565A (en) * | 2019-11-13 | 2020-02-11 | 陕西航空电气有限责任公司 | Panel type digital instrument with automatic conversion function |
| CN114689199B (en) * | 2020-12-29 | 2023-06-02 | 华润微集成电路(无锡)有限公司 | Predictive electronic thermometer circuit structure for realizing temperature compensation |
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