CN103277446B - 一种适于防止滑块撞击后反弹的缓冲器的工作方法 - Google Patents

一种适于防止滑块撞击后反弹的缓冲器的工作方法 Download PDF

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CN103277446B
CN103277446B CN201310256268.7A CN201310256268A CN103277446B CN 103277446 B CN103277446 B CN 103277446B CN 201310256268 A CN201310256268 A CN 201310256268A CN 103277446 B CN103277446 B CN 103277446B
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cylinder body
buffer
slide block
pressure medium
work
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CN103277446A (zh
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覃飞
桂沅沅
刘丰
马丽
夏月
田秋玲
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Xuzhou Hanchen Machinery Manufacturing Co ltd
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Priority to CN201510361919.8A priority Critical patent/CN104963988A/zh
Priority to CN201510359926.4A priority patent/CN105134852A/zh
Priority to CN201510363848.5A priority patent/CN105003485A/zh
Priority to CN201510361917.9A priority patent/CN104989780A/zh
Priority to CN201510364589.8A priority patent/CN105134853A/zh
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    • FMECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F15FLUID-PRESSURE ACTUATORS; HYDRAULICS OR PNEUMATICS IN GENERAL
    • F15BSYSTEMS ACTING BY MEANS OF FLUIDS IN GENERAL; FLUID-PRESSURE ACTUATORS, e.g. SERVOMOTORS; DETAILS OF FLUID-PRESSURE SYSTEMS, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • F15B15/00Fluid-actuated devices for displacing a member from one position to another; Gearing associated therewith
    • F15B15/08Characterised by the construction of the motor unit
    • F15B15/14Characterised by the construction of the motor unit of the straight-cylinder type
    • FMECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F16ENGINEERING ELEMENTS AND UNITS; GENERAL MEASURES FOR PRODUCING AND MAINTAINING EFFECTIVE FUNCTIONING OF MACHINES OR INSTALLATIONS; THERMAL INSULATION IN GENERAL
    • F16FSPRINGS; SHOCK-ABSORBERS; MEANS FOR DAMPING VIBRATION
    • F16F13/00Units comprising springs of the non-fluid type as well as vibration-dampers, shock-absorbers, or fluid springs
    • F16F13/04Units comprising springs of the non-fluid type as well as vibration-dampers, shock-absorbers, or fluid springs comprising both a plastics spring and a damper, e.g. a friction damper
    • F16F13/06Units comprising springs of the non-fluid type as well as vibration-dampers, shock-absorbers, or fluid springs comprising both a plastics spring and a damper, e.g. a friction damper the damper being a fluid damper, e.g. the plastics spring not forming a part of the wall of the fluid chamber of the damper
    • FMECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F16ENGINEERING ELEMENTS AND UNITS; GENERAL MEASURES FOR PRODUCING AND MAINTAINING EFFECTIVE FUNCTIONING OF MACHINES OR INSTALLATIONS; THERMAL INSULATION IN GENERAL
    • F16FSPRINGS; SHOCK-ABSORBERS; MEANS FOR DAMPING VIBRATION
    • F16F15/00Suppression of vibrations in systems; Means or arrangements for avoiding or reducing out-of-balance forces, e.g. due to motion
    • F16F15/02Suppression of vibrations of non-rotating, e.g. reciprocating systems; Suppression of vibrations of rotating systems by use of members not moving with the rotating systems
    • F16F15/03Suppression of vibrations of non-rotating, e.g. reciprocating systems; Suppression of vibrations of rotating systems by use of members not moving with the rotating systems using magnetic or electromagnetic means
    • FMECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F15FLUID-PRESSURE ACTUATORS; HYDRAULICS OR PNEUMATICS IN GENERAL
    • F15BSYSTEMS ACTING BY MEANS OF FLUIDS IN GENERAL; FLUID-PRESSURE ACTUATORS, e.g. SERVOMOTORS; DETAILS OF FLUID-PRESSURE SYSTEMS, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • F15B15/00Fluid-actuated devices for displacing a member from one position to another; Gearing associated therewith
    • F15B15/08Characterised by the construction of the motor unit
    • F15B15/14Characterised by the construction of the motor unit of the straight-cylinder type
    • F15B15/1423Component parts; Constructional details
    • F15B15/1447Pistons; Piston to piston rod assemblies
    • FMECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F15FLUID-PRESSURE ACTUATORS; HYDRAULICS OR PNEUMATICS IN GENERAL
    • F15BSYSTEMS ACTING BY MEANS OF FLUIDS IN GENERAL; FLUID-PRESSURE ACTUATORS, e.g. SERVOMOTORS; DETAILS OF FLUID-PRESSURE SYSTEMS, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • F15B15/00Fluid-actuated devices for displacing a member from one position to another; Gearing associated therewith
    • F15B15/20Other details, e.g. assembly with regulating devices
    • F15B15/22Other details, e.g. assembly with regulating devices for accelerating or decelerating the stroke
    • FMECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F15FLUID-PRESSURE ACTUATORS; HYDRAULICS OR PNEUMATICS IN GENERAL
    • F15BSYSTEMS ACTING BY MEANS OF FLUIDS IN GENERAL; FLUID-PRESSURE ACTUATORS, e.g. SERVOMOTORS; DETAILS OF FLUID-PRESSURE SYSTEMS, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • F15B15/00Fluid-actuated devices for displacing a member from one position to another; Gearing associated therewith
    • F15B15/20Other details, e.g. assembly with regulating devices
    • F15B15/22Other details, e.g. assembly with regulating devices for accelerating or decelerating the stroke
    • F15B15/227Other details, e.g. assembly with regulating devices for accelerating or decelerating the stroke having an auxiliary cushioning piston within the main piston or the cylinder end face
    • FMECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F16ENGINEERING ELEMENTS AND UNITS; GENERAL MEASURES FOR PRODUCING AND MAINTAINING EFFECTIVE FUNCTIONING OF MACHINES OR INSTALLATIONS; THERMAL INSULATION IN GENERAL
    • F16FSPRINGS; SHOCK-ABSORBERS; MEANS FOR DAMPING VIBRATION
    • F16F13/00Units comprising springs of the non-fluid type as well as vibration-dampers, shock-absorbers, or fluid springs
    • F16F13/04Units comprising springs of the non-fluid type as well as vibration-dampers, shock-absorbers, or fluid springs comprising both a plastics spring and a damper, e.g. a friction damper
    • F16F13/26Units comprising springs of the non-fluid type as well as vibration-dampers, shock-absorbers, or fluid springs comprising both a plastics spring and a damper, e.g. a friction damper characterised by adjusting or regulating devices responsive to exterior conditions
    • F16F13/28Units comprising springs of the non-fluid type as well as vibration-dampers, shock-absorbers, or fluid springs comprising both a plastics spring and a damper, e.g. a friction damper characterised by adjusting or regulating devices responsive to exterior conditions specially adapted for units of the bushing type
    • FMECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F16ENGINEERING ELEMENTS AND UNITS; GENERAL MEASURES FOR PRODUCING AND MAINTAINING EFFECTIVE FUNCTIONING OF MACHINES OR INSTALLATIONS; THERMAL INSULATION IN GENERAL
    • F16FSPRINGS; SHOCK-ABSORBERS; MEANS FOR DAMPING VIBRATION
    • F16F15/00Suppression of vibrations in systems; Means or arrangements for avoiding or reducing out-of-balance forces, e.g. due to motion
    • F16F15/02Suppression of vibrations of non-rotating, e.g. reciprocating systems; Suppression of vibrations of rotating systems by use of members not moving with the rotating systems
    • F16F15/023Suppression of vibrations of non-rotating, e.g. reciprocating systems; Suppression of vibrations of rotating systems by use of members not moving with the rotating systems using fluid means
    • F16F15/027Suppression of vibrations of non-rotating, e.g. reciprocating systems; Suppression of vibrations of rotating systems by use of members not moving with the rotating systems using fluid means comprising control arrangements
    • FMECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F16ENGINEERING ELEMENTS AND UNITS; GENERAL MEASURES FOR PRODUCING AND MAINTAINING EFFECTIVE FUNCTIONING OF MACHINES OR INSTALLATIONS; THERMAL INSULATION IN GENERAL
    • F16FSPRINGS; SHOCK-ABSORBERS; MEANS FOR DAMPING VIBRATION
    • F16F9/00Springs, vibration-dampers, shock-absorbers, or similarly-constructed movement-dampers using a fluid or the equivalent as damping medium
    • F16F9/32Details
    • F16F9/50Special means providing automatic damping adjustment, i.e. self-adjustment of damping by particular sliding movements of a valve element, other than flexions or displacement of valve discs; Special means providing self-adjustment of spring characteristics
    • F16F9/512Means responsive to load action, i.e. static load on the damper or dynamic fluid pressure changes in the damper, e.g. due to changes in velocity
    • F16F9/5123Means responsive to load action, i.e. static load on the damper or dynamic fluid pressure changes in the damper, e.g. due to changes in velocity responsive to the static or steady-state load on the damper

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  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
  • Fluid Mechanics (AREA)
  • Acoustics & Sound (AREA)
  • Aviation & Aerospace Engineering (AREA)
  • Electromagnetism (AREA)
  • Actuator (AREA)
  • Reciprocating, Oscillating Or Vibrating Motors (AREA)

Abstract

本发明涉及一种缓冲器的工作方法,包括:缸体,在该缸体的开口端设有缸盖,并将开口封闭,缸盖的中心轴线处设有中心通孔;由一活塞杆穿过该中心通孔,且该活塞杆顶端设有活塞体组件;在缓冲工作时,缸体的右端面作为与滑块相碰撞的接触面;缸体的侧壁中绕设有电磁铁,活塞体组件右端面上设有用于检测介质压力的压力传感器,该压力传感器与一处理器模块相连;当滑块撞击所述缸体的右端面时,处理器模块适于根据介质压力值,控制一电流驱动模块输出与该介质压力值相匹配的电流,使电磁铁产生相应的磁场,以吸合所述滑块;直至处理器模块测得介质压力值为均衡值时,控制电流驱动模块关闭输出电流,以释放滑块。

Description

一种适于防止滑块撞击后反弹的缓冲器的工作方法
技术领域
本发明涉及一种缓冲器的工作方法,尤其涉及一种以弹性胶体为缓冲介质的缓冲器的工作方法。
背景技术
在缓冲减震领域,缓冲器运用十分广泛,其主要作用是吸收各种冲击能量、保护设备和降低噪音等。但是滑块在撞击缓冲器时,由于冲击能量过大,缓冲器中活塞来不及工作,造成滑块出现反弹现象,如何避免该现场的发生是本领域的技术难题。
发明内容
本发明要解决的技术问题是提供一种缓冲器的工作方法,该缓冲器的工作方法解决了滑块在冲击缓冲器时,滑块出现反弹的技术问题。
本发明提供了一种缓冲器的工作方法,其中,所述缓冲器包括:呈圆柱形,且用于填充缓冲介质的缸体,在该缸体的开口端密封设有缸盖,所述缸盖的中心通孔中密封活动配合有一活塞杆,该活塞杆的右端设有活塞体组件,该活塞体组件适于在所述缸体内作活塞运动;在缓冲工作时,所述缸体的右端面作为与滑块相碰撞的接触面,该右端面上铺设有用于缓冲滑块撞击的缓冲垫;所述缸体的侧壁中轴向设有电磁铁,所述活塞体组件的右端面上设有用于检测介质压力的压力传感器,该压力传感器与一处理器模块相连。
所述缓冲器的工作方法包括:当所述滑块撞击所述缸体的右端面时,所述处理器模块适于根据介质压力值,控制一电流驱动模块输出与该介质压力值相匹配的电流,使所述电磁铁产生相应的磁场,以吸合所述滑块;直至所述处理器模块测得介质压力值为均衡值时,控制所述电流驱动模块关闭输出电流,使所述磁场消失,以释放所述滑块。
进一步,所述活塞体组件与所述缸体的内壁活动密封配合,且该活塞体组件包括:同轴设置的左、右活塞体,该左、右活塞体上对称设有若干个用于介质轴向流动的通孔,左、右活塞体的相邻端面之间的密封配合,以使作活塞运动时,介质仅通过所述左、右活塞体上的各通孔实现往返流动;所述左活塞体内设有用于放置电机的空腔,该电机由所述处理器模块控制,其转子连接于所述右活塞体,用于根据介质压力带动该右活塞体旋转,以控制左、右活塞体上的各通孔的相对位置关系,进而控制介质流量,即控制活塞运动速度。
所述缓冲垫为橡胶材料制成,缓冲垫中分布有与所述缓冲垫的端面平行的金属丝网,以防止在多次碰撞后橡胶材料发生老化、碎裂。
所述电磁铁有多个,且均匀分布在所述末级缓冲器的缸体的侧壁中,以使磁性作用力均匀。
与现有技术相比,本发明具有如下优点:(1)本发明通过处理器、电流驱动模块产生与冲击压力相匹配的磁场以吸合滑块,防止滑块因冲击能量过大造成反弹;(2)本发明还克服了现有技术中由于冲击能量波动,而造成缓冲器无法及时收缩的技术问题,通过压力传感器检测到冲击能量,并且适当的调节介质往返流量,以控制活塞体组件的运动速度,使缓冲器能准确配合滑块工作,避免了可能出现的因为冲击能量过大,缓冲器来不及压缩,而造成该缓冲器长期工作在高压状态,容易造成损坏;(3)通过左、右活塞体中的各通孔配合,以控制相应缸体中的介质往返流量,从而改变相应活塞的往返速度,以缓解各级缸体的腔内压力,延长缓冲器寿命。
附图说明
为了使本发明的内容更容易被清楚的理解,下面根据的具体实施例并结合附图,对本发明作进一步详细的说明,其中
图1本发明的缓冲器的结构示意图;
图2本发明的缓冲器中的活塞体组件的结构示意图;
图3本发明的活塞体组件的工作示意图;
图4本发明的控制电路结构框图。
其中, 1缸体、1-1电磁铁、1-2缓冲垫、2缸盖、3活塞杆、4活塞体组件、5外筒、6压力传感器、7滑块、4-1左活塞体、4-2右活塞体、4-3通孔、4-4电机、4-5转子。
具体实施方式
下面结合附图及实施例对本发明进行详细说明:
实施例1
见图1和图4,一种缓冲器的工作方法,所述缓冲器包括:呈圆柱形,且用于填充缓冲介质的缸体1,在该缸体1的开口端设有缸盖2,并将开口封闭,所述缸盖2的中心轴线处设有轴向延伸的中心通孔;由一活塞杆3穿过该中心通孔,且密封配合,该活塞杆3顶端设有活塞体组件4,该活塞体组件适于在所述缸体1内作活塞运动;在缓冲工作时,所述缸体1的右端面作为与滑块7相碰撞的接触面,该右端面上铺设有用于缓冲滑块7撞击的缓冲垫1-2;所述缸体1的侧壁中轴向设有电磁铁1-1,所述活塞体组件4右端面上设有用于检测介质压力的压力传感器6,该压力传感器6与一处理器模块相连。
所述缓冲器的工作方法包括:当所述滑块7撞击所述缸体1的右端面时,所述处理器模块适于根据介质压力值,控制一电流驱动模块输出与该介质压力值相匹配的电流,使所述电磁铁1-1产生相应的磁场,以吸合所述滑块7;直至所述处理器模块测得介质压力值为均衡值时,控制所述电流驱动模块关闭输出电流,使所述磁场消失,以释放所述滑块7。
当所述滑块7撞击所述缸体1的右端面时,所述缸体1向左移动,活塞体组件4相对于所述缸体1向右移动,缸体1内右侧缓冲介质受到较大压力,当缓冲介质往活塞体组件4左侧流动时,缸体1内右侧缓冲介质受到的压力逐渐减小,直至所述活塞体组件4的左右两侧介质压力相等即所述介质压力值为均衡值时,活塞体组件4停止工作时,滑块7也停止移动。
其中,所述处理器模块采用单片机、嵌入式ARM模块;压力传感器6,例如可以采用江森P499VBS-404C;所述电流驱动模块可以采用交流电流输出单元。
所述活塞杆3的底部固定于外筒5的右侧端面。
见图2和图3,所述活塞体组件4与所述缸体1的内壁活动密封配合,且该活塞体组件4包括:同轴设置的左活塞体4-1、右活塞体4-2,该左活塞体4-1、右活塞体4-2上对称设有若干个用于介质轴向流动的通孔4-3,所述左、右活塞体的相邻端面之间的密封配合,以使作活塞运动时,介质仅通过所述左、右活塞体上的各通孔4-3实现往返流动;所述左活塞体4-1内设有用于放置电机4-4的空腔,该电机4-4由所述处理器模块控制,其转子4-5连接于所述右活塞体4-2,用于根据介质压力带动该右活塞体4-2旋转,以控制左、右活塞体上的各通孔4-3的相对位置关系,进而控制介质流量,即控制活塞运动速度。
图3中虚线通孔4-3表示是左活塞体4-1中的通孔4-3,实线通孔4-3表示右活塞体4-2中的通孔4-3,箭头表示电机4-4转动方向,该图2表示在左、右活塞体4-2的配合面上相应通孔4-3对接过程,以控制通孔中的介质流量。
所述右活塞体4-2相对于右活塞体4-2同轴偏转,其转动范围不超过通孔4-3的直径,也可以称为偏转角度,即电机4-4根据介质压力带动右活塞体4-2在该直径范围内,作往返转动,以达到控制介质流量的目的,从而起到控制相应活塞体组件4的活塞运动速度,进而缓解缸体1内介质压力,起到延长缓冲器寿命的目的。
所述电机4-4可以采用精度高的直流电机4-4,或者步进电机4-4。供电部分可以采用电池供电。电池可以安装于左或右活塞体4-2内。
见图3,若所述通孔4-3为多个,其分布可与左、右活塞体4-2呈同心圆分布。信号数据线可以放置在各级缓冲器的缸体1壁中,或者直接置于介质中。

Claims (1)

1.一种缓冲器的工作方法,其特征在于,
所述缓冲器包括:
呈圆柱形,且用于填充缓冲介质的缸体,在该缸体的开口端密封设有缸盖,所述缸盖的中心通孔中密封活动配合有一活塞杆,该活塞杆的右端设有活塞体组件,该活塞体组件适于在所述缸体内作活塞运动;
在缓冲工作时,所述缸体的右端面作为与滑块相碰撞的接触面,该右端面上铺设有用于缓冲滑块撞击的缓冲垫;
所述缸体的侧壁中轴向设有电磁铁,所述活塞体组件的右端面上设有用于检测介质压力的压力传感器,该压力传感器与一处理器模块相连;
所述缓冲器的工作方法包括:
当所述滑块撞击所述缸体的右端面时,所述处理器模块适于根据介质压力值,控制一电流驱动模块输出与该介质压力值相匹配的电流,使所述电磁铁产生相应的磁场,以吸合所述滑块;直至所述处理器模块测得介质压力值为均衡值时,控制所述电流驱动模块关闭输出电流,使所述磁场消失,以释放所述滑块。
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