CN1032743A - 生长激素制剂及其制备方法和应用 - Google Patents
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Abstract
由多肽与载体和吸收调节剂分布于油中组成的
一种缓释剂。
Description
本发明涉及动物如奶牛注射用的多肽物质如牛生长激素(BST)缓释剂。
众所周知,当对奶牛给以BST时,将会提高牛奶的产量而不影响牛奶的成份。在相对地较长的间隙中简单地使用缓释剂以长期保持奶牛血流中高水平的BST是很必要的。
本发明提供了一种可供注射用的多肽物质制剂,如牛生长激素缓释剂,它含有有效浓度的多肽物质分散于含有脂肪酸盐、吸收调节剂和由天然油或合成油组成的可吸收的生物共容基质的载体中。
本发明也提供了一种在动物体内产生持久释放多肽物质的方法,它包括给与动物以有效量的本发明的制剂,优选的是皮下注射的方法。
特别是本发明还进一步提供了一个提高奶牛产奶量的方法,它包括给与母牛的有效量的上述制剂,其中的多肽物质是BST,优选的是皮下注射的方法。
脂肪酸盐是优选含有10~20个碳原子的饱和或不饱和脂肪酸的盐,其阳离子优选自钙、镁、锌和铝。它以硬脂酸盐为好,而最为优选的盐是硬脂酸钙。
吸收调节剂可以是任何能控制活性物质释放到血流中的适宜物质。一组可以优选为调节剂的物质包括多糖,如糊精,和多糖衍生物,如羟丙基纤维素、羟丙基甲基纤维素或乙基纤维素,最为优选的调节剂为糊精和乙基纤维素。
油是选自那些易于以合理的纯净形式得到的油类,它是生理上可接受的并在通常的贮藏条件范围下是稳定的。它可以是天然的或合成的,可以选自例如植物油、矿物油、鱼油和硅油等。优选的油类是植物油,如豆油、花生油、芝麻油、棉子油、玉米油、橄榄油、海狸油、棕榈油和杏仁油,最优选的是花生油和芝麻油。
脂肪酸盐和吸收调节剂可以任何比率存在,甚至基本上可全部是脂肪酸盐或全部是吸收调节剂。优选的比率为1∶95至95∶1,更优选的脂肪酸盐与吸收调节剂的比率为1∶9至9∶1。最优选的比率是1∶1至3∶1。所有本文提到的比率和百分比均为重量比,除非另外指出。
为了得到具有适宜注射和随之产生分散性质的制剂,油的组分必须至少以一个最小的量存在,这个量取决于所存在的其他组分。油的最适宜浓度在某种程度上将取决于脂肪酸盐和吸收调节剂的选择和它们的相对比率。需要足够的油来保证所得制剂是具有粘度的油状悬浮液的形式,在使用皮下注射器时能很容易地注射到动物体内同时保持皮下注射物质的完善。这样,油一般至少以30%的量存在,优选的量是30%至80%,更优选的是30%至70%。正常的制剂的粘度是2,000至250,000cps,优选的是从10,000至200,000cps,典型的约为110,000cps。
那些专业技术熟练的人应会意识到当仅仅含有上述成份时,一个完全令人满意的制剂的制备还需要加入少量其他成分,如染料,防腐剂,防止注射部位感染的抗菌素、粘度调节剂或稳定剂和抗氧化剂,以延长制剂的适用期。这些成分的量能占到最终制剂的百分之几。这些添加剂是为制剂化学家所熟知的。
此处使用的牛生长激素即BST,包括天然存在的从动物得到的BST和由遗传改良的微生物产生的,也包括已知的在多肽链的末端多余一个或几个氨基酸的改良的生长激素。
本发明还将特别对BST进行进一步的介绍。但是应该理解到本发明同样可以应用于需要给与动物使在其血流中产生持久浓度的任何多肽。这样的多肽具有有益的效应,如对生长、产奶量、健康等。这样的多肽包括例如生长激素释放因子(GRF)、胰岛素等。
BST或其他多肽可以粉末状直接加入,例如它可以在无菌条件下通过空气研磨而制得。不管怎样,它可以很方便地以微颗粒的形式加入,优选的是粒子大小小于500微米,最优选的粒子大小在50-500微米之间。这样的微颗粒可以用熟知的方法制备并可以加入任何合适的兽医上可接受的成粒剂。合适的成粒剂是流动剂和粘合剂,其中可以作为例子列出的如氢化的海狸油、硬脂酸钙、羟丙基纤维素和糊精。
作为制粒方法和例子,可以采用空气研磨粉碎至任意适宜大小的BST与干的惰性赋形剂,如糊精或羟丙基纤维素(HPC)混合,然后制粒,干法制粒较为有利,优选采用不产生热的方法制粒。成粒的方法,例如以干压榨的方式进行,如常规制片法,继之以常规方法研磨并筛出优选范围内大小的颗粒。当使用制片方法时,一种流动剂,如硬脂酸钙存在于制片组合物中将会是有利的。颗粒可以随意地被例如乙基纤维素或任何适宜的包复材料所包复。应用于本发明的制剂和方法时,以选择适宜的赋形剂和变化BST在颗粒中的浓度的方法,将可能以普通的技术得到以不同速度释放的颗粒。这样有利于加入到具有不同释放速度的制剂颗粒中,当注射到母牛体中会使BST产生比较均匀的释放速度。这样的颗粒在制剂中能提供外加的柔韧性,此外还为BST对热和潮湿的破坏作用提供保护。
使用非颗粒化粉状BST时,发现空气研磨对粉碎程度不同的作用会影响BST制剂粘度的增减,这取决于所包含的赋形剂。在这个方法中,还发现制剂中减少使用赋形剂,如硬脂酸钙和/或糊精时可能会延缓BST的释放。
制剂需含有有效浓度的BST或其他多肽。其浓度取决于几个因素,如所要求的剂量水平,所需要的缓释期限和所使用的活性物质的药效。实际上有经验的制剂化学家在确定所需要的指标后能很容易作出决定。在一般情况下,每个奶牛注射1克至10克的制剂能持久释放相当长的期限,也就是大约28天左右,不会引起不适。BST在制剂中的浓度为5%至45%,优选为15%至30%,最优选的约为25%。
本发明的制剂按所需比例简单地混合各种组分即能很容易地制备。任何适宜的混合装置均可使用,各组分可以任何次序加入并混合得到一个均匀的悬浮液。BST或其他多肽可以粉末或以微颗粒形式加入到放在烧杯内的油中后进行搅拌,再将其余的组分加入到所生成的悬浮液中并继续搅拌直到得到均匀的物质。
另外,所有惰性赋形剂都可以任何次序混合后灭菌,如在120℃的高压釜中加热15分钟。冷却后,BST可以专业人员已知的任何适宜方法,如过滤,进行灭菌后加入并充分混合。
如果需要加入防腐剂,则以作为第一步进行为佳。油加热后可使防腐剂分散在其中。所得的悬浮液最好在BST加入之前先使之冷却。
BST最好在和缓搅拌下进行混合。如果采用剧烈搅拌则需小心避免局部过热或过分粉碎。BST粉末或微颗粒粒子的大小需要充分小到足以使注射到母牛体内的制剂通过皮下注射器的针头。
现在参照以下实施例和附图1至3将更详细地说明实施本发明的方法,如下所述,其中注射了下列实施例的制剂的动物,其血浆BST水平是以3或4个星期的期限来表示。
实施例1
在烧杯中放入5克芝麻油,再加入1.8克BST粉末并搅拌之。然后加入硬脂酸钙(2.35克)和糊精150(分子量150,000)(0.85克),继续搅拌至生成均匀物质。
此制得的制剂含有:18%BST、50%芝麻油,8.5%糊精和23.5%硬脂酸钙(%均以重量计)。以Brookfield粘度计(型号LVT,No.4轴,1.5转数/分)测定,其粘度为110,000cps。
实施例2~10
以下制剂以实施例1所用的相同方法配制。图表中各个组分的重量以所占制剂总量的百分数表示。
样品 芝麻油 糊精 硬脂酸钙 BST
2 50 - 32 18
3 50 32 - 18
4 50 5.3 26.7 18
5 40 11.2 30.8 18
6 50 16 16 18
7 60 11 11 18
8 30 13.9 38.1 18
9 30 26 26 18
10 40 21 21 18
实施例11
为了评价本发明的BST的缓释效果,上述实施例中所制得的制剂的样品以羊的体内试验进行评价。每个实施例用4个羊试验,在羊肩胛后以2毫升制剂,约含320毫克BST,进行皮下注射。血样(大约5毫升)以颈静脉穿刺法间歇地取得,并置于含有肝素的试管中。血浆以离心机分离并用双抗体放射免疫分析法测定BST的浓度。
在注射前三天开始的24天期内测定的四个羊的血浆的BST平均水平值列于图1和2。可以看到其BST水平维持得很好,在整个期限内高于注射制剂前所测定的起始水平。
实施例12
按实施例1的方法得到其他几批产品,每批使用5倍于实施例1的量的物料。将芝糜油、硬脂酸钙和糊精混合均匀,然后于一高压釜中在120℃灭菌15分钟。BST以过滤法进行灭菌后加入到冷的赋形剂中并使之完全混合。
试验在小菜牛体内进行,以评价此处理的有效期限。用于试验的全部动物均饲以同样的饲料,每天二次。在整个试验期内,水可以随意供给。收集尿样并测定脲素氮排出水平。脲素氮水平的降低是作为由于生长激素的效用使得氨基酸转变为蛋白质的能力增加的量度。
试验结果列于图3。9个动物每个均以含有960毫克BST的上述制剂进行皮下注射。当与未经处理的对照组动物(圆点)比较时,在大约28天的期间内,结果(图3中的方块)显示,试验的小牛的尿中脲素氮受到了持续的遏制。
在以下的实施例中,制剂是按实施例12的方法配制的。所用微颗粒是把所述成分经过制片并将之磨碎产生100-425微米的颗粒的方法制备的。
实施例 组分 百分比
13 BST 25
硬脂酸钙 8
糊精150 8
芝麻油 59
14 BST 18
硬脂酸钙 10
硅石R974 4
芝麻油 68
15 BST(微颗粒) 35
硬脂酸钙 10
糊精9.4 5
芝麻油 50
BST微颗粒含有:
BST 50
硬脂酸钙 3
HPC 47
16 组分如15,但在微颗粒
中以糊精9.4代替HPC
17 组分如15,但在微颗粒
中以乙基纤维素代替HPC
18-20 组分如15-17,但颗粒以
1%乙基纤维素包衣
21 BST微颗粒 35
硬脂酸钙 5
糊精9.4 5
硅石R974 2
芝麻油 53
BST微颗粒如实施例15中所用的。
22 BST微颗粒 35
硬脂酸钙 10
糊精150 5
芝麻油 50
BST微颗粒如实施例16中所用的。
23 BST微颗粒 35
硬脂酸钙 8
糊精9.4 5
硅石R974 2
芝麻油 50
BST微颗粒如实施例17中所用的。
24 BST 18
硬脂酸钙 8.8
糊精150 3.2
硅石R974 2
芝麻油 68
Claims (12)
1、一种注射用多肽物质缓释剂,含有分散在载体中的有效浓度的多肽物质,该载体包括由天然油或合成油组成的可吸收的生物共容基质和至少一种选自脂肪酸盐和吸收调节剂的组分。
2、注射用多肽物质缓释剂的制备方法,包括将有效浓度的多肽物质分散在载体中,该载体中含有由天然油或合成油组成的可吸收的生物共容基质,在该分散液中至少还有一种选自脂肪酸盐和吸收调节剂的组分。
3、按照权利要求2的方法,其中的多肽物质是牛生长激素。
4、按照权利要求2或3的方法,含有一种脂肪酸盐和一种吸收调节剂。
5、按照权利要求2至4的任何一个方法,其中的赋形剂是在多肽物质加入之前先一起混合。
6、按照权利要求2至5的任何一个方法,其中的脂肪酸盐是硬脂酸钙。
7、按照权利要求2至6的任何一个方法,其中的吸收调节剂是糊精。
8、按照权利要求2至7的任何一个方法,其中的油是芝麻油。
9、按照权利要求2至8的任何一个方法,其中脂肪酸盐和吸收调节剂的比率是1∶9至9∶1。
10、按照权利要求2至9的任何一个方法,其中油至少占制剂总量的30重量%。
11、按照权利要求2至10的任何一个方法,其中的多肽物质占制剂总量的5~45重量%。
12、将权利要求2至11之任何一项方法制备的生长激素制剂的有效剂量用于增加奶牛产奶量的方法。
Applications Claiming Priority (2)
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GB878725427A GB8725427D0 (en) | 1987-10-30 | 1987-10-30 | Somatotropin formulations |
GB8725427 | 1987-10-30 |
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CN88107461A Pending CN1032743A (zh) | 1987-10-30 | 1988-10-27 | 生长激素制剂及其制备方法和应用 |
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EP (1) | EP0314421A1 (zh) |
JP (1) | JPH01149732A (zh) |
KR (1) | KR890006224A (zh) |
CN (1) | CN1032743A (zh) |
AU (1) | AU618760B2 (zh) |
DK (1) | DK597388A (zh) |
GB (1) | GB8725427D0 (zh) |
HU (1) | HUT48467A (zh) |
IL (1) | IL88148A0 (zh) |
MX (1) | MX26698A (zh) |
NZ (1) | NZ226723A (zh) |
PH (1) | PH25793A (zh) |
PT (1) | PT88859A (zh) |
ZA (1) | ZA888067B (zh) |
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EP0422290A1 (en) * | 1989-10-09 | 1991-04-17 | Eli Lilly And Company | Novel drug delivery system |
AU653325B2 (en) * | 1990-02-12 | 1994-09-29 | Lucky Limited | A composition durably releasing bioactive polypeptides |
YU87892A (sh) * | 1991-10-01 | 1995-12-04 | Eli Lilly And Company Lilly Corporate Center | Injektibilne formulacije produženog otpuštanja i postupci za njihovo dobijanje i primenu |
KR19990071255A (ko) | 1998-02-28 | 1999-09-15 | 성재갑 | 소마토트로핀과 비타민의 합제 조성물 |
KR20090007504A (ko) * | 2000-02-24 | 2009-01-16 | 몬산토 테크놀로지 엘엘씨 | 소마토트로핀의 지속적인 방출을 위한 비수성 주사제제들 |
US6946137B2 (en) * | 2001-10-19 | 2005-09-20 | Idexx Laboratories, Inc. | Methods for the controlled delivery of pharmacologically active compounds |
EP1446103B1 (en) * | 2001-10-19 | 2015-12-23 | Idexx Laboratories, Inc. | Injectable compositions for the controlled delivery of pharmacologically active compound |
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GB1155036A (en) * | 1966-07-08 | 1969-06-11 | Ethan Allan Brown | Injectionable Substance |
DE3484584D1 (de) * | 1983-10-14 | 1991-06-20 | Sumitomo Pharma | Injektionen mit verzoegerter abgabe. |
KR890002631B1 (ko) * | 1984-10-04 | 1989-07-21 | 몬산토 캄파니 | 생물학적으로 활성인 소마토트로핀을 지속적으로 유리하는 조성물 |
EP0193917A3 (en) * | 1985-03-06 | 1987-09-23 | American Cyanamid Company | Water dispersible and water soluble carbohydrate polymer compositions for parenteral administration |
EP0211601A3 (en) * | 1985-07-30 | 1988-01-13 | International Minerals And Chemical Corporation | Stabilization of growth promoting hormones |
US4775659A (en) * | 1985-08-19 | 1988-10-04 | Eli Lilly And Company | Injectable semi-solid formulations |
IL79765A (en) * | 1985-08-23 | 1992-02-16 | Lilly Co Eli | Injectable sustained release formulations of bovine somatotropin |
ES2039219T3 (es) * | 1986-08-11 | 1993-09-16 | American Cyanamid Company | Composiciones para administracion parenteral y su uso. |
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1987
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1988
- 1988-10-25 MX MX2669888A patent/MX26698A/es unknown
- 1988-10-25 AU AU24313/88A patent/AU618760B2/en not_active Ceased
- 1988-10-25 IL IL88148A patent/IL88148A0/xx unknown
- 1988-10-25 EP EP88309997A patent/EP0314421A1/en not_active Withdrawn
- 1988-10-26 NZ NZ226723A patent/NZ226723A/en unknown
- 1988-10-26 KR KR1019880013950A patent/KR890006224A/ko not_active Application Discontinuation
- 1988-10-26 PT PT88859A patent/PT88859A/pt not_active Application Discontinuation
- 1988-10-27 PH PH37734A patent/PH25793A/en unknown
- 1988-10-27 ZA ZA888067A patent/ZA888067B/xx unknown
- 1988-10-27 CN CN88107461A patent/CN1032743A/zh active Pending
- 1988-10-27 DK DK597388A patent/DK597388A/da not_active Application Discontinuation
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KR890006224A (ko) | 1989-06-12 |
DK597388A (da) | 1989-05-01 |
AU2431388A (en) | 1989-05-04 |
PT88859A (pt) | 1989-07-31 |
NZ226723A (en) | 1991-04-26 |
DK597388D0 (da) | 1988-10-27 |
IL88148A0 (en) | 1989-06-30 |
ZA888067B (en) | 1990-06-27 |
AU618760B2 (en) | 1992-01-09 |
JPH01149732A (ja) | 1989-06-12 |
EP0314421A1 (en) | 1989-05-03 |
HUT48467A (en) | 1989-06-28 |
GB8725427D0 (en) | 1987-12-02 |
PH25793A (en) | 1991-11-05 |
MX26698A (es) | 1993-10-01 |
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