CN103272833A - Method for repairing heavy metals in sludge substrate by biomass charcoal and complexing agents - Google Patents
Method for repairing heavy metals in sludge substrate by biomass charcoal and complexing agents Download PDFInfo
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- CN103272833A CN103272833A CN2013101781507A CN201310178150A CN103272833A CN 103272833 A CN103272833 A CN 103272833A CN 2013101781507 A CN2013101781507 A CN 2013101781507A CN 201310178150 A CN201310178150 A CN 201310178150A CN 103272833 A CN103272833 A CN 103272833A
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Abstract
The invention discloses a method for repairing heavy metals in a sludge substrate by biomass charcoal and complexing agents, wherein the complexing agents are 10 mmol.kg<-1>DTPA (diethylenetriamine pentaacetic acid) and 10 mmol.kg<-1>EDTA (ethylene diamine tetraacetic acid); and the biomass charcoal comes from the finished products prepared from 0.01-0.1 mm farmland wastes, straws or saw dust. Via the environment-friendly type adsorbent biomass charcoal with a wide application prospect, which is prepared from the wastes (comprising the main ingredients of straws and saw dust) during agricultural production, a novel route is explored for cyclic utilization for organic wastes, the adsorption characteristic of biomass charcoal for heavy metals in a condition of adding different complexing agents is researched, the leaching characteristic of heavy metals is recognized in a simulated rainfall condition, and a technical support is provided for heavy-metal pollution control applications for sludge.
Description
Technical field
The invention belongs to environmental protection technical field, relate to the research of complexing agent fortification of plants repairing polluted soil, particularly a kind of method that adopts the collaborative complexing agent of biomass carbon to repair heavy metal in the sludge substrate.
Background technology
The recycling sludge utilization namely by method and technologies such as various physics, chemistry and biologies, with constituent and the part character of improving mud, makes valuable component in the mud, or directly or reorganization or be converted into other form of energy and be recovered utilization.The city sewage sludge reclamation technology is mainly soil utilization, sludge fuelization and building materials utilization.Containing a large amount of inorganic substances in the mud, account for 20%-30%, mainly is silicon, iron, aluminium and calcium.Thereby can utilize mud to produce building material made and cement etc. for raw material, utilize the soil property composition of mud, firing brick-and tile etc.
The sludge composting utilization can increase and utilize cost; Therefore, air-dry mud directly utilizes, and should have significant values.In any case but the heavy metal in the mud is the limiting factor of its safe utilization.
Heavy metal is the most important factor that the extensive soil of restriction mud utilizes, the chemical composition of using municipal sludge is different because of sewage source, general more or less contain heavy metals such as a certain amount of Cu, Zn, Pb, Ni, Hg, Cr and Cd, if chronic administration, may be detrimental to health by food chain, it is handled two kinds of methods is arranged usually at the heavy metal characteristics in the mud: the one, and the removal of heavy metal in the mud, the 2nd, the curing of heavy metal in the mud.Research for a huge sum of money in the mud is bent has become one of research focus of domestic environmental protection industry (epi).The removal of heavy metal mainly comprises in the mud: heavy metal leaching, methods such as phytoremediation.
Use municipal sludge the raising of lawn plant growth and quality is had obvious facilitation.Mud is applied to the rye grass green grassland, has improved soil physico-chemical property, and full nitrogen, quick-acting nitrogen, full phosphorus, rapid available phosphorus and the content of organic matter increase along with the increase of mud amount of application in the soil, and the soil weight descends.The content of using quick-acting nitrogen, phosphorus in equivalent nitrogen, the phosphatization fertilizer soil increases, and amplification is greater than executing mud, and organic and unit weight no change.And the rhizosphere effect of plant can change the soil environment around the plant root, and then the generation appreciable impact that can distribute to the form of heavy metal.Use the physicochemical property that municipal sludge can improve soil, improve the yield and quality of lawn plant, if improperly also can cause harmful effect to environment but use, content of beary metal exceeds standard and has limited its application to a great extent, in the mud application, also there is the biological concentration problem, as reduce the toxic effect of heavy metal pollution, be its problem that should primarily solve in actual applications of city to municipal sludge reparation how.
Biomass carbon (biomass one derived black carbon or bioehar) is a class height aromatization infusibility solid matter that is produced through pyrolysis charring under the situation of anoxic wholly or in part by plant biomass, belong to a type of black wood charcoal on the generalized concept (black carbon), high-temperature retorting has separated the combustible gas in the living beings, only the abundant charcoal of remaining carbon content.Common biomass carbon comprises charcoal, bamboo charcoal, stalk charcoal, rice hull carbon etc.In recent years, charcoal causes extensive concern as a class novel environmental functional material, and it is all showing application potential aspect soil improvement, reduction of greenhouse gas discharge and the contaminated environment reparation, but repairs also rarely seen report of municipal sludge for collaborative complexing agent.China is large agricultural country, and abundant stalk resource is arranged, but at present its disposal options is still lagged behind, and a large amount of stalks go out of use in the field or directly burn, and the waste that this had both caused a large amount of biomass energies also brings severe contamination to environment.At present, how rationally to utilize these agricultural wastes to become the focus that people pay close attention to.Therefore, present technique is utilized biomass carbon to coordinate lawn plant and is repaired sludge heavy-metal, will have important use and be worth and prospect.
Summary of the invention
The invention discloses a kind of method that adopts the collaborative complexing agent of biomass carbon to repair heavy metal in the sludge substrate, it is characterized in that being undertaken by following step:
(1) soil and air-dry mud are mixed into culture matrix with the ratio of 1:2; 0.01-0.1 mm particle diameter charcoal is standby;
(2) charcoal and culture matrix are evenly mixed for 1:20 and two ratios of 1:40 by ratio of weight and the number of copies, the pvc pipe of packing into, pvc pipe pipe bottom fixedly have cotton and diameter be the nylon wire of 0.2 mm with the soil in the stay pipe and mud, pipe is sling, the below of pipe is furnished with the percolate of connecing;
(3) Guan Zhongjun sows 0.6 g ryegrass seed to treat to have adorned matrix afterwards, and with the running water pouring, keeping its whole field capacity is 60%.Temperature and relative humidity indoor between planting season are respectively 16-25 ° of C and 36-57%, and intensity of illumination is 450-700 μ mol m
-2s
-1
(4) behind sowing 30 d, be 10 mmolkg with concentration
-1DTPA and 10 mmolkg
-1The aqueous solution of EDTA directly imposes on stromal surface respectively, behind 10 d grass is cradled, and stays 1 cm stubble, places the baking oven of 80 ° of C to dry to weight the turfgrass under cradling, the note ground biomass;
(5) cradle second day and carry out the drip washing first time with the artificial rainwater of 150 mL, per 7 d drip washing afterwards once, each 150 mL drench three times altogether, weigh respectively for three times, and collect in the conical flask that coexists, and mix; Treating that the plant eldish grows behind 30 d, is 10 mmolkg with concentration
-1The aqueous solution of DTPA and EDTA imposes on stromal surface respectively, behind 10 d grass is cradled not toothing, places the baking oven of 80 ° of C to dry to weight the turfgrass under cradling, the note ground biomass; Cradle second day and carry out the drip washing second time with the artificial rainwater of 150 mL, per 7 d drip washing afterwards once, each 150 mL drench three times altogether, weigh respectively for three times, and collect in the conical flask that coexists, and mix;
(6) treat that drip washing finishes after, dig out under ground portion, with distilled water clean, oven dry, measure biomass, content of beary metal and the leaching liquor content of beary metal of aerial part, under ground portion respectively;
Described charcoal derives from the finished product that farmland discarded object, stalk or sawing are made, and the content of its Cd, Cr, Cu, Pb, Zn is respectively 0.31 μ gg
-1, 0.875 μ gg
-1, 40 μ gg
-1, 33.25 μ gg
-1, 375.62 μ gg
-1
Described artificial rainwater refers to: with (NH
4)
2SO
4, Na
2SO
4, K
2SO
4, MgSO
4, Ca (NO
3)
2, Mg (NO
3)
2, H
2SO
4Make SO
4 2-, NO
3-, Cl
-, NH
+, Mg
2+, Ca
2+, K
+, Na
+Concentration is respectively 14.96,6.54,1.68,3.71,0.82,1.38,0.64 and 0.78 mgL
-1Rainwater, and be 5.59-5.61 with HCl allotment pH.
The present invention further openly the collaborative complexing agent of the biomass carbon heavy metal method in the sludge substrate of repairing promote the growth of rye grass to reduce heavy metal for the application aspect the underground water pollution in preparation.
The environmentally friendly adsorbing agent biological charcoal with broad prospect of application that the present invention utilizes the discarded object (main component stalk, sawdust) of agricultural production to be prepared into, be the new approach of the recycling exploration of debirs, study charcoal characterization of adsorption to heavy metal under the condition that adds different complexing agents, and the leaching feature of heavy metal under the simulation precipitation condition, for it provides technical support in the application aspect the heavy metal pollution improvement.
1 materials and methods
1.1 experiment material
Select for use English ryegrass (
Lolium perenne); Mud picks up from Tianjin discipline village sewage treatment plant, and is air-dry under the natural conditions.Take from the dark topsoil of the sample plot 0-20 cm of Tianjin Normal University for examination soil.2 mm sieve is standby excessively respectively after air-dry for mud and garden mould.Mud (sewage sludge, abbreviation SS) takes from Tianjin discipline village sewage treatment plant, its physicochemical property is that moisture content is 6.2%, pH 6.8, total nitrogen is 3.65%, and total phosphorus is 1.64%, and total charcoal is 29.33%, potassium, calcium, magnesium nutrition metal element content are respectively 17235.5 mg/kg, 22614 mg/kg and 2440 mg/kg, and the content of heavy metal Cd, Cr, Cu, Pb, Zn is respectively 3.23 μ gg
-1, 8.75 μ gg
-1, 180 μ gg
-1, 246 μ gg
-1, 1189 μ gg
-1
Charcoal derives from the finished product that farmland discarded object (stalk) and sawing are made, and particle diameter is 0.01-0.1 mm, and the content of its Cd, Cr, Cu, Pb, Zn is respectively 0.31 μ gg
-1, 0.875 μ gg
-1, 40 μ gg
-1, 33.25 μ gg
-1, 375.62 μ gg
-1
The physicochemical property of soil is: pH 8.30, the content of organic matter 4.68%, full nitrogen 0.21%, full phosphorus 22.03 mgkg
-1, saturation moisture content 0.58 mlg
-1, the background value of its heavy metal Cd, Cr, Cu, Pb and Zn is respectively 0.18,2.13,9.33,5.75 and 35.57 μ gg
-1
1.2 artificial rainwater preparation
Be 4.00-8.24 according to investigation whole day Jinshi City Precipitation pH scope, a year average is 5.59, belongs to acid precipitation.This experiment (NH
4)
2SO
4, Na
2SO
4, K
2SO
4, MgSO
4, Ca (NO
3)
2, Mg (NO
3)
2, H
2SO
4Make SO
4 2-, NO
3-, Cl
-, NH
+, Mg
2+, Ca
2+, K
+, Na
+Concentration is respectively 14.96,6.54,1.68,3.71,0.82,1.38,0.64 and 0.78 mgL
-1Rainwater, and be 5.59 with HCl allotment pH.
1.3 the setting of the air-dry mud utilization of lawn matrix and charcoal
Soil plough horizon is the topsoil of 0-20 cm.This experimental simulation is cultivated turfgrass with soil and air-dry mud mixed-matrix.The preparation height is that 20 cm diameters are 18 of the pvc pipes of 7.5 cm, total earth pillar quality 750 g, soil and air-dry mud are mixed into culture matrix with the ratio of 1:2, charcoal is established in experiment, and (particle diameter is selected 0.01-0.1 mm for use,) and soil mud mixed-matrix mass ratio 1:20 and two ratios of 1:40, the charcoal of the soil that is made as 5000 g of the culture matrix of 1:20, the air-dry mud of 2500 g and 375 g evenly mixes back each pipe in 6 pvc pipes 750 g that pack into; The manufacturing process of the culture matrix of 1:40 is that the soil of 5000 g, the air-dry mud of 2500 g and the charcoal of 187.5 g evenly mix back 750 g that also pack in each pipe in 6 pvc pipes, control group is not for adding 6 pvc pipes of charcoal, each pipe pack into the mud of 750 g and the mixed-matrix of soil, cotton and diameter are all fixedly arranged at all pipe bottoms is that the nylon wire of 0.2 mm is with the soil in the stay pipe and mud, pipe is sling, and the below of pipe is furnished with taper bottle graft percolate.It is 10 mmolkg that the concentration of complexing agent is selected in experiment for use
-1DTPA and EDTA.Each processed group is added 1:20 charcoal+DTPA(I for (1)) (2) add 1:40 charcoal+DTPA(II) (3) DTPA do not add charcoal (III) (4) and adds 1:20 charcoal+EDTA(IV) (5) add 1:40 charcoal+EDTA(V) (6) EDTA do not add charcoal (VI).Not adding the processing (III) of charcoal and handling (VI) is control group, and Guan Zhongjun sows 0.6 g tall fescue seed to treat to have adorned matrix afterwards, and with the running water pouring, keeping its whole field capacity is 60%.Temperature and relative humidity indoor between planting season are respectively 16-25 ° of C and 36-57%, and intensity of illumination is 450-700 μ mol m
-2s
-1
After sowing 30 d, concentration is respectively 10 mmolkg
-1DTPA and EDTA are dissolved in and impose on stromal surface in the distilled water then.Behind 10 d grass is cradled (one batch of long 40 d of careless symbiosis), stay 1 cm stubble.Place the baking oven of 80 ° of C to dry to weight the turfgrass under cradling, the note ground biomass.Cradle second day and carry out the drip washing first time with the artificial rainwater of 150 mL (precipitation that is equivalent to 34.0 mm), per 7 d drip washing afterwards once, each 150 mL drench three times altogether.Weigh respectively for three times, and collect in the conical flask that coexists, mix.Treating that the plant eldish grows is respectively 10 mmolkg with concentration behind 30 d
-1DTPA and EDTA are dissolved in and impose on stromal surface in the distilled water then.Behind 10 d grass is cradled (long 40 d of eldish symbiosis) not toothing, place the baking oven of 80 ° of C to dry to weight the turfgrass under cradling, the note ground biomass.Cradle second day and carry out the drip washing second time with the artificial rainwater of 150 mL (precipitation that is equivalent to 34.0 mm), per 7 d drip washing afterwards once, each 150 mL drench three times altogether.Weigh respectively for three times, and collect in the conical flask that coexists, mix.After treating that drip washing finishes, dig out under ground portion, clean, dry with distilled water, measure biomass, content of beary metal and the leaching liquor content of beary metal of aerial part, under ground portion respectively.
1.4 content of beary metal analysis
The mensuration of content of beary metal: accurately take by weighing 0.1 g left and right sides hay sample, use nitric acid: perchloric acid: after sulfuric acid (8: 1: 1) was cleared up, gained solution was settled to 25 mL with distilled water, and leacheate is measured 5 mL HNO
3And HClO
4Digest under 120-140 ° of C, gained solution to 50 mL, utilizes heavy metal in the TAS-990 atomic absorption spectrophotometer digestive juice (Cu, Cd, Cr, Pb and Zn) content with the distilled water constant volume at last.
1.5 data analysis
Adopt SPSS11.5 software Duncan method that the gained data are carried out many group sample differences significance analysis.
2 development results and analysis
2.1 the collaborative complexing agent of the charcoal of different proportion is to the influence of rye grass ground biomass and plant height
The charcoal of different proportion is worked in coordination with 10 mmolkg
-1The influence of DTPA, EDTA rye grass overground part output and plant height sees Table 1.Compared with the control, after adding charcoal, promoted the accumulation of rye grass overground part output, show that rye grass can grow in the matrix that polluted by various heavy, and the processed group of 1:20 is apparently higher than the processed group of 1:40, in addition, the eldish ground biomass is significantly less than the ground biomass of one batch of grass, shows continuous use complexing agent and can produce toxic action to rye grass, charcoal is not remarkable to the influence of rye grass ground biomass in the eldish, and it is not remarkable that different complexing agents are handled differences.For the influence of one batch of rye grass plant height charcoal mud than for the plant height of the processed group of 1:20 apparently higher than 1:40 and do not add the charcoal group, DTPA, EDTA show consistent, plant height shows not obviously in individual each processed group in the eldish, and the plant height of eldish is a little less than one batch of grass.
Table 1 different disposal is to the influence of rye grass plant biomass and plant height
Annotate: with different letter representation significant difference P＜0.05 in the line data.
2.2 the collaborative complexing agent of the charcoal of different proportion is to the influence of rye grass heavy metal accumulation
The collaborative complexing agent of the charcoal of different proportion sees Table 2 to the influence of rye grass heavy metal accumulation, apply charcoal to the concentration of Cd, Cr, Cu, Pb and Zn overground part all have remarkable reduction (
P＜0.05), and the charcoal that applies 1:20 has obvious inhibitory action to this 5 heavy metal species of Cd, Cr, Cu, Pb and Zn in rye grass overground part enrichment concentration, adds DTPA, EDTA and charcoal mud in one batch of grass and has reduced by 60.49% and 66.67 %, 14.19% and 21.92%, 22.49% and 33.18%, 63.31% and 49.39%, 14.40% and 29.72% respectively than the content for Cd, the Cr, Cu, Pb and the Zn that compare with its contrast in the processed group of 1:20; Add DTPA, EDTA and charcoal mud in one batch of grass and reduced by 14.81% and 46.42%, 3.76% and 3.28%, 2.99% and 13.16%, 29.54% and 23.04%, 8.41% and 15.47% respectively than the content for Cd, the Cr, Cu, Pb and the Zn that compare with its contrast in the processed group of 1:40.Rye grass under the different disposal is to the trend of heavy metal accumulation amount as can be seen from Table 3, be enriched in the rye grass total enriching quantity performance of each heavy metal element under different disposal differs, all in all the enriching quantity under EDTA handles is better than DTPA, and the adding of charcoal can reduce the rye grass overground part to the enriching quantity of Cd and Pb, but the enriching quantity to Cr does not make significant difference, the adding charcoal can also improve the enriching quantity to Cu and Zn under DTPA handles, but this two heavy metal species does not have marked change under EDTA handles.
In eldish, add DTPA and EDTA and charcoal mud than having reduced by 62.78% and 78.99 %, 37.44% and 21.62%, 17.42% and 11.25%, 51.65% and 64.66%, 37.35% and 35.85% respectively for compared with the control the content of Cd, Cr, Cu, Pb and Zn in the processed group of 1:20.Apply charcoal mud than for the charcoal of 1:20 is higher than the 1:40 group to heavy metal in the inhibitory action of rye grass overground part, and each processed group charcoal rye grass of applying 1:40 content of beary metal and control group difference are not remarkable on the ground.The continuous administration of complexing agent is obvious to the accumulation effect of the aerial part heavy metal of rye grass, and the content of beary metal of one batch of each processing of grass is compared all the content apparently higher than eldish with eldish.Each handle one batch of its heavy metal of body content of grass and eldish compare charcoal mud than the 1:20 group for the adsorption effect of Cd and Pb significantly better than other heavy metals, for the minimum that influences of Cu and Zn, and difference is not remarkable between the different complexing agent.The adding of charcoal has significantly reduced the enriching quantity of rye grass to Cd, Cr, Cu, Pb and Zn on total enriching quantity, and charcoal mud is organized reduce more remarkable than 1:20.
The overground part content of beary metal of one batch of grass of table 2 rye grass and eldish (
μG/g)
Annotate: different letter representation significant difference P＜0.05 in colleague's certificate.
The overground part heavy metal accumulation amount (μ g/PVC) of one batch of grass of table 3 rye grass and eldish
Annotate: different letter representation significant difference P＜0.05 in colleague's certificate.
2.3 the collaborative complexing agent of the charcoal of different proportion is to the influence of heavy metal diafiltration behavior and general layout
Table 4 has been listed the content of heavy metal in each processed group pvc pipe percolate.The result shows that charcoal has significantly weakened dissolubility and the mobility of heavy metal.Simultaneously, after experimental data showed that also DTPA and EDTA use, charcoal mud was than the leaching migration that can effectively suppress heavy metal for the processed group of 1:20.For content of beary metal in one batch of careless percolate, when charcoal mud ratio was 1:20, in the percolate of the concentration ratio inanimate object charcoal of heavy metal contrast pvc pipe, Cd few 44.96% and 48.82% in the percolate of adding DTPA and each processed group pvc pipe of EDTA; Cr few 13.5 and 29.4%; Cu few 56.82% and 68.36%; Pb few 60.26% and 47.36%; Zn few 29.44% and 28.17%.On the other hand, charcoal mud than the processing for the identical DTPA of 1:40 and EDTA concentration under, charcoal has also effectively reduced the leaching amount of heavy metal, at 10 mmolkg
-1During DTPA handles, all significantly reductions of the leaching amount of Cd, Pb (
P＜0.05), Cd few 23.95%; Pb few 49.75%; At 10 mmolkg
-1During EDTA handles, all significantly reductions of the leaching amount of Cd and Cu (
P＜0.05), Cd few 27.4%; Cu few 46.49%.From table, it can also be seen that it is stronger to the complexing power of each heavy metal that EDTA compares DTPA, thereby the heavy metal that drip washing goes out is more.
Because the secondary of complexing agent is used, content of beary metal is apparently higher than one batch of careless percolate in the eldish percolate, and the multiple that different heavy metals improves differs.Though the charcoal of different proportion shows as DTPA and EDTA to the influence of heavy metal seepage migration the complexing power of heavy metal there is notable difference, EDTA is significantly better than DTPA, but total seepage migration general layout unanimity, apply DTPA charcoal mud than the processed group and the control group that the ability that hinders the downward migration of Cr, Pb significantly are better than 1:40 for the processed group of 1:20, compared with the control, few 20.77%, the Pb few 40.31% of Cr; Processed group difference to the absorption of Cd, Cu and Zn and 1:40 is not remarkable, but all is significantly less than control group.Apply EDTA charcoal mud than for the processed group of 1:20 to the ability that hinders Cd, Cr, Cu, Pb and Zn migration downwards with to apply EDTA charcoal mud more not remarkable than the processed group difference for 1:40, except Cr, all be significantly less than control group, compared with the control, Cd is few 26.01% and 19.19%, Cu is few 43.27% and 40.61%, Pb and Zn have reduced 7.54%, 7.06% and 24.02%, 17.95 respectively, and each absorption of handling Cr adds charcoal and the no significant difference of contrast.
Heavy metal concentration in table 4 percolate (
μG/mL)
Annotate: with different letter representation significant difference P＜0.05 in the line data.
2.4 the collaborative complexing agent of the charcoal of different proportion is to the influence of rye grass root heavy metal accumulation
Cd, Cr, Cu, Pb and Zn see Table 5 in the concentration of rye grass underground part.All in all, charcoal can significantly suppress Cd, Cr, Cu, Pb and Zn in the accumulation of rye grass root compared with the control, under the DTPA condition charcoal mud than for the root of the matrix rye grass of 1:20 to the accumulation of Cd significantly less than 1:40 and control group, the processed group difference of Cr, Cu, Pb and Zn and 1:40 is not significantly but all significantly be lower than contrast; Under the EDTA condition charcoal mud than for the root of the matrix rye grass of 1:20 to the accumulation of Cd, Cu significantly less than 1:40 and control group, the processed group difference of Cr, Pb and Zn and 1:40 is not significantly but all significantly be lower than contrast.In adding the processed group of charcoal DTPA and EDTA apply each heavy metal accumulation difference of root of rye grass not significantly, but EDTA is not significantly higher than DTPA for the accumulation of rye grass roots heavy metal in adding the control group of charcoal.
Table 5 different disposal to the influence of rye grass root enriching heavy metal (
μG/g)
Annotate: with different letter representation significant difference P＜0.05 in the line data.
3 development conclusions
The charcoal that adds different proportion in air-dry mud soil mixed-matrix can promote the growth of rye grass, increases the biomass of rye grass, and one batch of grass is better than eldish, and difference is not remarkable between the different complexing agent.The charcoal of different proportion can play good fixation to Cd, Pb, Zn, Cr and Cu, and can significantly reduce heavy metal moves to lower soil, under different complexing agents are handled, charcoal is apparent in view to the inhibition of Cd, Pb, Zn, to all the other heavy metals are fixing significant contribution arranged also, the interpolation of charcoal can reduce heavy metal for Groundwater Contamination Risk in the collaborative contaminated soil of phytoremediation of complexing agent, and the processed group of 1:20 can effectively suppress the leaching migration of heavy metal.
The specific embodiment:
The present invention will be further described below in conjunction with specific embodiment, and following each embodiment only is used for explanation the present invention and is not limitation of the present invention.Wherein select for use English ryegrass (
Lolium perenne); Mud picks up from Tianjin discipline village sewage treatment plant, air-dry under the natural conditions, its physicochemical property is that moisture content is 6.2%, pH 6.8, total nitrogen is 3.65%, and total phosphorus is 1.64%, and total charcoal is 29.33%, potassium, calcium, magnesium nutrition metal element content are respectively 17235.5 mg/kg, 22614 mg/kg and 2440 mg/kg, and the content of heavy metal Cd, Cr, Cu, Pb, Zn is respectively 3.23 μ gg
-1, 8.75 μ gg
-1, 180 μ gg
-1, 246 μ gg
-1, 1189 μ gg
-1
Take from the dark topsoil of the sample plot 0-20 cm of Tianjin Normal University for examination soil.2 mm sieve is standby excessively respectively after air-dry for mud and garden mould.The physicochemical property of soil is: pH 8.30, the content of organic matter 4.68%, full nitrogen 0.21%, full phosphorus 22.03 mgkg
-1, saturation moisture content 0.58 mlg
-1, the background value of its heavy metal Cd, Cr, Cu, Pb and Zn is respectively 0.18,2.13,9.33,5.75 and 35.57 μ gg
-1
Described charcoal derives from the finished product that farmland discarded object, stalk or sawing are made, and the content of its Cd, Cr, Cu, Pb, Zn is respectively 0.31 μ gg
-1, 0.875 μ gg
-1, 40 μ gg
-1, 33.25 μ gg
-1, 375.62 μ gg
-1
Embodiment 1
(1) soil and air-dry mud are mixed into culture matrix with the ratio of 1:2; 0.05 mm particle diameter charcoal is standby;
(2) charcoal and culture matrix are evenly mixed for 1:20 and two ratios of 1:40 by ratio of weight and the number of copies, the pvc pipe of packing into, pvc pipe pipe bottom fixedly have cotton and diameter be the nylon wire of 0.2 mm with the soil in the stay pipe and mud, pipe is sling, the below of pipe is furnished with the percolate of connecing;
(3) Guan Zhongjun sows 0.6 g ryegrass seed to treat to have adorned matrix afterwards, and with the running water pouring, keeping its whole field capacity is 60%.Temperature and relative humidity indoor between planting season are respectively 25 ° of C and 40%, and intensity of illumination is 500 μ mol m
-2s
-1
(4) behind sowing 30 d, be 10 mmolkg with concentration
-1DTPA and 10 mmolkg
-1The aqueous solution of EDTA imposes on stromal surface respectively, behind 10 d grass is cradled, and stays 1 cm stubble, places the baking oven of 80 ° of C to dry to weight the turfgrass under cradling, the note ground biomass;
(5) cradle second day and carry out the drip washing first time with the artificial rainwater of 150 mL, per 7 d drip washing afterwards once, each 150 mL drench three times altogether, weigh respectively for three times, and collect in the conical flask that coexists, and mix; Treating that the plant eldish grows behind 30 d, is 10 mmolkg with concentration
-1The aqueous solution of DTPA and EDTA imposes on stromal surface respectively, behind 10 d grass is cradled not toothing, places the baking oven of 80 ° of C to dry to weight the turfgrass under cradling, the note ground biomass; Cradle second day and carry out the drip washing second time with the artificial rainwater of 150 mL, per 7 d drip washing afterwards once, each 150 mL drench three times altogether, weigh respectively for three times, and collect in the conical flask that coexists, and mix;
(6) treat that drip washing finishes after, dig out under ground portion, with distilled water clean, oven dry, measure biomass, content of beary metal and the leaching liquor content of beary metal of aerial part, under ground portion respectively;
Described artificial rainwater refers to: with (NH
4)
2SO
4, Na
2SO
4, K
2SO
4, MgSO
4, Ca (NO
3)
2, Mg (NO
3)
2, H
2SO
4Make SO
4 2-, NO
3-, Cl
-, NH
+, Mg
2+, Ca
2+, K
+, Na
+Concentration is respectively 14.96,6.54,1.68,3.71,0.82,1.38,0.64 and 0.78 mgL
-1Rainwater, and be 5.61 with HCl allotment pH.
Embodiment 2
(1) it is standby soil and air-dry mud to be mixed into culture matrix 0.1 mm particle diameter charcoal with the ratio of 1:2;
(2) charcoal and culture matrix are evenly mixed for 1:20 and two ratios of 1:40 by ratio of weight and the number of copies, the pvc pipe of packing into, pvc pipe pipe bottom fixedly have cotton and diameter be the nylon wire of 0.2 mm with the soil in the stay pipe and mud, pipe is sling, the below of pipe is furnished with the percolate of connecing;
(3) Guan Zhongjun sows 0.6 g ryegrass seed to treat to have adorned matrix afterwards, and with the running water pouring, keeping its whole field capacity is 60%.Temperature and relative humidity indoor between planting season are respectively 25 ° of C and 55%, and intensity of illumination is 600 μ mol m
-2s
-1
(4) behind sowing 30 d, be 10 mmolkg with concentration
-1DTPA and 10 mmolkg
-1The aqueous solution of EDTA imposes on stromal surface respectively, behind 10 d grass is cradled, and stays 1 cm stubble, places the baking oven of 80 ° of C to dry to weight the turfgrass under cradling, the note ground biomass;
(5) cradle second day and carry out the drip washing first time with the artificial rainwater of 150 mL, per 7 d drip washing afterwards once, each 150 mL drench three times altogether, weigh respectively for three times, and collect in the conical flask that coexists, and mix; Treating that the plant eldish grows behind 30 d, is 10 mmolkg with concentration
-1The aqueous solution of DTPA and EDTA directly imposes on stromal surface respectively, behind 10 d grass is cradled not toothing, places the baking oven of 80 ° of C to dry to weight the turfgrass under cradling, the note ground biomass; Cradle second day and carry out the drip washing second time with the artificial rainwater of 150 mL, per 7 d drip washing afterwards once, each 150 mL drench three times altogether, weigh respectively for three times, and collect in the conical flask that coexists, and mix;
(6) treat that drip washing finishes after, dig out under ground portion, with distilled water clean, oven dry, measure biomass, content of beary metal and the leaching liquor content of beary metal of aerial part, under ground portion respectively;
Described artificial rainwater refers to: with (NH
4)
2SO
4, Na
2SO
4, K
2SO
4, MgSO
4, Ca (NO
3)
2, Mg (NO
3)
2, H
2SO
4Make SO
4 2-, NO
3-, Cl
-, NH
+, Mg
2+, Ca
2+, K
+, Na
+Concentration is respectively 14.96,6.54,1.68,3.71,0.82,1.38,0.64 and 0.78 mgL
-1Rainwater, and be 5.59 with HCl allotment pH.
Claims (2)
1. one kind is adopted biomass carbon to work in coordination with the method that complexing agent is repaired heavy metal in the sludge substrate, it is characterized in that being undertaken by following step:
(1) soil and air-dry mud are mixed into culture matrix with the ratio of 1:2; 0.01-0.1 mm particle diameter charcoal is standby;
(2) charcoal and culture matrix are evenly mixed for 1:20 and two ratios of 1:40 by ratio of weight and the number of copies, be respectively charged into pvc pipe, pvc pipe pipe bottom fixedly have cotton and diameter be the nylon wire of 0.2 mm with the soil in the stay pipe and mud, pipe is sling, the below of pipe is furnished with the percolate of connecing;
(3) treat that matrix has been adorned after, Guan Zhongjun sows 0.6 g ryegrass seed, with running water pouring, keeping its whole field capacity is 60%; Temperature and relative humidity indoor between planting season are respectively 16-25 ° of C and 36-57%, and intensity of illumination is 450-700 μ mol m
-2s
-1
(4) behind sowing 30 d, concentration is respectively 10 mmolkg
-1DTPA and 10 mmolkg
-1The EDTA aqueous solution imposes on stromal surface, behind 10 d grass is cradled, and stays 1 cm stubble, places the baking oven of 80 ° of C to dry to weight the turfgrass under cradling, the note ground biomass;
(5) cradle second day and carry out the drip washing first time with the artificial rainwater of 150 mL, per 7 d drip washing afterwards once, each 150 mL drench three times altogether, weigh respectively for three times, and collect in the conical flask that coexists, and mix; Treating that the plant eldish grows is respectively 10 mmolkg with concentration behind 30 d
-1DTPA and the EDTA aqueous solution directly impose on stromal surface, behind 10 d grass are cradled not toothing, place the baking oven of 80 ° of C to dry to weight the turfgrass under cradling, the note ground biomass; Cradle second day and carry out the drip washing second time with the artificial rainwater of 150 mL, per 7 d drip washing afterwards once, each 150 mL drench three times altogether, weigh respectively for three times, and collect in the conical flask that coexists, and mix;
(6) treat that drip washing finishes after, dig out under ground portion, with distilled water clean, oven dry, measure biomass, content of beary metal and the leaching liquor content of beary metal of aerial part, under ground portion respectively;
Described charcoal derives from the finished product that farmland discarded object, stalk or sawing are made, and the content of its Cd, Cr, Cu, Pb, Zn is respectively 0.31 μ gg
-1, 0.875 μ gg
-1, 40 μ gg
-1, 33.25 μ gg
-1, 375.62 μ gg
-1
Described artificial rainwater refers to: with (NH
4)
2SO
4, Na
2SO
4, K
2SO
4, MgSO
4, Ca (NO
3)
2, Mg (NO
3)
2, H
2SO
4Make SO
4 2-, NO
3-, Cl
-, NH
+, Mg
2+, Ca
2+, K
+, Na
+Concentration is respectively 14.96,6.54,1.68,3.71,0.82,1.38,0.64 and 0.78 mgL
-1Rainwater, and be 5.59-5.61 with HCl allotment pH.
2. the collaborative complexing agent of the described biomass carbon of the claim 1 heavy metal method in the sludge substrate of repairing promotes the growth of rye grass to reduce heavy metal for the application aspect the underground water pollution in preparation.
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| CN103586266A (en) * | 2013-10-23 | 2014-02-19 | 浙江工商大学 | Reinforced restoration method for lead-polluted soil by combining diethyl aminoethyl hexanoate and ethylenediamine tetraacetic acid (EDTA) |
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| CN106475405A (en) * | 2016-11-30 | 2017-03-08 | 中冶华天南京工程技术有限公司 | Using charcoal and the method for chelating agent fortification of plants restoration of soil polluted by heavy metal |
| CN108817074A (en) * | 2018-07-17 | 2018-11-16 | 陕西地建土地工程技术研究院有限责任公司 | The method of water spinach joint organic substrate remediating heavy metal Pb and Cd contaminated soil |
| CN110756167A (en) * | 2019-12-04 | 2020-02-07 | 河南师范大学 | Preparation method and application of modified biochar for adsorbing cadmium ions in wastewater |
| CN112724984A (en) * | 2021-01-18 | 2021-04-30 | 招商局生态环保科技有限公司 | Cadmium-polluted agricultural land soil composite conditioner and use method thereof |
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