CN103269143A - Two-phase brushless direct current motor - Google Patents
Two-phase brushless direct current motor Download PDFInfo
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- CN103269143A CN103269143A CN2013101636753A CN201310163675A CN103269143A CN 103269143 A CN103269143 A CN 103269143A CN 2013101636753 A CN2013101636753 A CN 2013101636753A CN 201310163675 A CN201310163675 A CN 201310163675A CN 103269143 A CN103269143 A CN 103269143A
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Abstract
The invention discloses a two-phase brushless direct current motor which comprises a motor rotor and a motor stator. A plurality of N-pole permanent magnets and S-pole permanent magnets are fixed on the inner side face of the motor rotor and are arranged in an alternating mode. The motor stator is provided with A-phase stator teeth and B-phase stator teeth, wherein the A-phase stator teeth and the B-phase stator teeth are mutually staggered with one another. A coil is wound on the A-phase stator teeth to form an A-phase winding, and a coil is wound on the B-phase stator teeth to form a B-phase winding. The A-phase winding and the B-phase winding are connected with a drive control circuit which comprises a sawtooth wave generation unit, a current detecting unit, a current limiting unit, a temperature detecting unit, a drive unit and a half-bridge contravariant unit. The drive control circuit of the brushless motor is only formed by two power tubes, a few of resistors, a capacitance discrete component and an integrated operational amplifier, and is simple in structure, achieves the functions of reversing, soft start, overcurrent protection, automatic speed adjustment along with the change of temperatures, and the like, and effectively reduces power consumption and cost of the direct current brushless temperature control fan.
Description
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Technical field
The present invention relates to the electric machines control technology field, specifically is two-phase half-wave brshless DC motor.
Background technology
Fan is widely used in the ventilation and heat field, as the household electric fan, and computer to dissipate heat fan, automobile engine radiator fan.Product such as computer, automobile engine is along with its power consumption of lifting of performance also is accompanied by rising, the higher heat of corresponding generation, these equipment are often owing to the reason of structure and environment for use, can't rely on self-radiating, cause temperature to rise, thereby influence performance and the useful life of properties of product, at this moment just need fan to carry out forced heat radiation.
The caloric value of equipment is determined by the operating state of equipment, the state difference, and load is different, then the caloric value difference.Caloric value and radiating rate reach a poised state, then can holding temperature stable.When not having fan to force heat radiation, the equipment speed of space heat elimination towards periphery almost is certain, the equipment heating amount is not fixed, when working in higher load condition, caloric value rises, and needs to improve rotation speed of the fan to improve radiating rate, when equipment works in low load condition, rotation speed of the fan is too high to have little significance to heat radiation, and the power consumption rising, at this moment need reduce rotation speed of the fan to save electric energy.
Two-phase brushless DC motor configurations and single-phase similar, but operational mode difference, the brushless single phase direct current machine has only a winding, adopt H bridge all-wave to drive, two phase brushless DC motors adopt the operation of two-phase half-wave, and inverter circuit only is made of two power tubes, save two power tubes than single-phase H bridge, cost is lower, and drive circuit is simple.Two phase brushless DC motors use asymmetric gap structure that cogging torque zero point and electromagnetic torque are staggered zero point, and motor obtains the self-starting ability.The starting torque of two-phase brushless electric machine is less, is suitable for very much the low starting torque load of this class of fan.
Temperature-controlled fan in the market uses two kinds of modes of speed regulation usually, one class adopts external general purpose controller change motor supply power voltage to carry out speed governing, and the motor controlling integrated circuit of another kind of employing special use produces the temperature variant PWM ripple of duty ratio and carries out electric machine speed regulation.External controller needs extra installing space, and power consumption own is also bigger, and then cost is higher to adopt the motor special control chip, is difficult for marketing.
Along with industrial expansion, the consumption of the energy is increasing, the energy-saving and cost-reducing market common recognition that become of product, and the use amount of radiator fan is very big, and the energy of consumption is considerable.Automatically regulate the rotating speed of fan according to the height of device temperature and realize temperature control, not only can keep the substantially constant of equipment working temperature, and can reduce noise, energy savings, the useful life of prolongation radiator fan.The control circuit complexity of existing temperature-controlled fan, used universal or special control chip price is higher, has limited the marketing of temperature-controlled fan, so a kind of temperature-controlled fan with low cost, that power consumption is lower of development and Design is significant.
Summary of the invention
The object of the present invention is to provide a kind of two phase brushless DC motors of a kind of low cost, low-power consumption, simplified the circuit structure of temperature-controlled fan greatly, reduced the cost of temperature-controlled fan.
In order to reach above-mentioned target, technical scheme of the present invention is:
A kind of two phase brushless DC motors, comprise rotor, motor stator, the rotor medial surface fixedly has a plurality of N utmost point permanent magnets and S utmost point permanent magnet, N utmost point permanent magnet and S utmost point permanent magnet are arranged alternately, motor stator is provided with the A phase stator tooth that staggers mutually and B stator tooth mutually, A phase stator tooth all is wound with coil composition A phase winding and B phase winding on the stator tooth mutually with B, and the A phase winding is connected Drive and Control Circuit with the B phase winding, and Drive and Control Circuit comprises
The sawtooth waveforms generating unit, for generation of sawtooth waveforms, output is connected in amplifier one end under the saturated;
The soft start of motor for generation of ramp signal, is realized in the soft start unit;
Current detecting unit detects winding current, and output connects the current limliting unit;
The current limliting unit, relatively motor winding current and current limit, exceed limit value then the PWM generating unit to produce duty ratio be zero PWM ripple;
Temperature detecting unit, testing environment temperature, output signal connect the PWM generating unit;
Driver element, comprehensive pwm signal and commutation signal realize the switch control of power tube;
The controlled power supply to motor two phase windings is realized in the semi-bridge inversion unit;
Hall element places on the circuit board outer shroud side face, the position of geometrical neutral line between the stator tooth, and the variation in order to the detection rotor magnetic pole provides commutation signal.
Described power MOSFET tube is P type power MOSFET tube, and inside carries fly-wheel diode.
Described temperature detecting unit comprises resistance R 1, capacitor C 1 and thermistor NTC, and resistance R 1 is connected with thermistor NTC and constituted the series connection bleeder circuit, and capacitor C 1 is connected in parallel on the thermistor NTC, and voltage VCC is capacitor C 1 charging.
Described current detecting unit comprises sampling resistor Rs, and sampling resistor Rs output connects the current limliting unit.
The two ends of described A phase winding and B phase winding all are parallel with RC and absorb circuit, for winding provides continuous current circuit.
The drive circuit of two-phase half-wave DC brushless electric machine of the present invention is only by two power tubes; a few resistance, electric capacity discrete component and a slice integrated operational amplifier are formed; realize commutation, soft start, the overcurrent protection of motor and varied with temperature multiple functions such as automatic speed regulation; circuit structure is simple; low in energy consumption; cost is low, effectively reduces brush DC temperature-controlled fan power consumption and cost.
Description of drawings
Fig. 1 is four utmost points, two phase brushless DC motor schematic diagrames.
Fig. 2 is temperature-controlled fan main loop circuit figure.
Fig. 3 is circuit block diagram of the present invention.
Fig. 4 specifically implements circuit for the present invention.
Embodiment
Two phase brushless DC motors that radiator fan drives usefulness generally adopt outer-rotor structure, the two-phase independent winding is arranged, as shown in Figure 1, the yoke of rotor 11 directly places in the wind wheel die cavity, the rotation of drive wind wheel, motor stator 12 is formed by silicon steel plate stacking, comprises the winding on insulation coil holder and the winding insulation coil holder; N utmost point permanent magnet 13, S utmost point permanent magnet 14, magnetic pole are at the rotor yoke medial surface, and N, the S utmost point are alternately placed; Present embodiment is four utmost points, two phase brushless DC motors, and motor stator 12 is provided with the A phase stator tooth that staggers mutually and B stator tooth mutually, and A phase stator tooth and B are wound with coil 15 on the stator tooth mutually and form A phase winding and B phase windings.Two phase windings of motor are connected with two power MOSFET tubes respectively, the A phase winding is connected with power MOSFET tube Q6, the B phase winding is connected with power MOSFET tube Q7, the two-phase half-wave inverter circuit of Zu Chenging only needs two switching tubes thus, compare with the H bridge inverter circuit, saved the switching tube of half, reduced cost, because switching tube quantity is few, reduced the power consumption of switching tube simultaneously.Power MOSFET tube is P channel metal-oxide field effect transistor, and namely P type MOSFET compares PNP transistor, and power is higher, can drive more powerful fan.
Each only has phase winding energising constantly two phase brushless DC motors, and another phase winding is unsettled.Hall element improves commutation signal for the phase change logic circuit, when the central lines of rotor magnetic pole center line and stator tooth, the beginning commutation, the requirement that turns to according to motor, disconnect the power MOSFET tube of conducting, stop corresponding windings power supply, another power tube of conducting, to another winding power supply, realize the continuous running of motor.As shown in Figure 2; the winding two ends of the motor RC that is made up of resistance R 6, capacitor C 7 and resistance R 7, capacitor C 8 in parallel respectively absorb circuit; for the winding current of stopping power supply provides continuous current circuit, the peak voltage that produces in the inhibition commutation process, protection power MOSFET tube.
As shown in Figure 3, be the circuit block diagram of temperature-controlled fan.Saw-toothed wave generator is an auto-excitation type signal generator that is made of operational amplifier, produces the certain sawtooth waveforms of frequency.The winding resistance of motor is generally less, and during direct-on-line starting, starting current is bigger, burns out motor easily.For improving the fan reliability, reach life-saving, designed soft starting circuit.Soft starting circuit is the RC circuit, and during starting, the voltage signal that the output of RC circuit is risen gradually behind signal synthesis, compares with sawtooth waveforms, produces the PWM ripple that duty ratio rises gradually, has reduced the excessive impact to motor of starting current.After starting was finished, soft starting circuit no longer played a role.Output signal among Fig. 3 drives signal 1 and drives signal 2 and outputs to two corresponding power MOSFET tubes respectively, controls the turn-on and turn-off of power tube, thereby realizes current limliting and the soft start of temperature auto control, motor.
Thermistor is realized the sampling to ambient temperature, and temperature detecting unit is exported temperature variant voltage signal according to the difference of temperature.The voltage signal of reaction temperature and sawtooth waveforms relatively produce the PWM ripple of corresponding duty ratio.In order to simplify circuit, reduce the quantity of components and parts, use the Hall element that two signal output parts are arranged.After the hall signal of the two-way reaction motor rotor position that PWM ripple and Hall element provide was comprehensive, conducting and the shutoff of control corresponding power MOSFET pipe to improve or to reduce rotating speed of motor, realized temperature auto control.
Among Fig. 4, resistance R 1, capacitor C 1 have constituted soft starting circuit and temperature sensing circuit with thermistor NTC.During starting, voltage VCC is capacitor C 1 charging, and capacitor C 1 both end voltage rises gradually, after stable, resistance R 1 constitutes the bleeder circuit of connecting with thermistor NTC, and thermistor NTC resistance becomes with temperature, under the different temperatures, get different voltages, produce the PWM ripple of different duty.
When motor rotation blockage, can flow through bigger electric current on the winding, cut off the electricity supply as untimely, motor overheating is damaged.Designed the current limliting unit for this reason, at the motor main circuit stator winding current sampling resistor Rs that connected, sample rate current signal input current limliting unit, compare with the maximum current set point, when the motor winding current surpasses the setting lowest high-current value, current limliting unit output low level signal blocks the output of PWM ripple, stops the power supply to motor.The current value ratio integrated operational amplifier that carries out that the current limliting unit is used is LM339.
All circuit only is made up of the minority discrete component, greatly reduces the cost of temperature-controlled fan.
Claims (5)
1. phase brushless DC motor, it is characterized in that, comprise rotor (11), motor stator (12), rotor (11) medial surface fixedly has a plurality of N utmost point permanent magnets (13) and S utmost point permanent magnet (14), N utmost point permanent magnet (13) and S utmost point permanent magnet (14) are arranged alternately, motor stator (12) is provided with the A phase stator tooth that staggers mutually and B stator tooth mutually, A phase stator tooth all is wound with coil (15) composition A phase winding and B phase winding on the stator tooth mutually with B, the A phase winding is connected Drive and Control Circuit with the B phase winding, and Drive and Control Circuit comprises
The sawtooth waveforms generating unit, for generation of sawtooth waveforms, output is connected in amplifier one end under the saturated;
The soft start of motor for generation of ramp signal, is realized in the soft start unit;
Current detecting unit detects winding current, and output connects the current limliting unit;
The current limliting unit, relatively motor winding current and current limit, exceed limit value then the PWM generating unit to produce duty ratio be zero PWM ripple;
Temperature detecting unit, testing environment temperature, output signal connect the PWM generating unit;
Driver element, comprehensive pwm signal and commutation signal realize the switch control of power tube;
The controlled power supply to motor two phase windings is realized in the semi-bridge inversion unit;
Hall element places on the circuit board outer shroud side face, the position of geometrical neutral line between the stator tooth, and the variation in order to the detection rotor magnetic pole provides commutation signal.
2. a kind of two phase brushless DC motors according to claim 1 is characterized in that, described power MOSFET tube is P type power MOSFET tube, and inside carries fly-wheel diode.
3. a kind of two phase brushless DC motors according to claim 2, it is characterized in that, described temperature detecting unit comprises resistance R 1, capacitor C 1 and thermistor NTC, resistance R 1 is connected with thermistor NTC and is constituted the series connection bleeder circuit, capacitor C 1 is connected in parallel on the thermistor NTC, and voltage VCC is capacitor C 1 charging.
4. a kind of two phase brushless DC motors according to claim 2 is characterized in that described current detecting unit comprises sampling resistor Rs, and sampling resistor Rs output connects the current limliting unit.
5. a kind of two phase brushless DC motors according to claim 2 is characterized in that, the two ends of described A phase winding and B phase winding all are parallel with RC and absorb circuit, for winding provides continuous current circuit.
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| CN2013101636753A CN103269143A (en) | 2013-05-06 | 2013-05-06 | Two-phase brushless direct current motor |
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| CN2013101636753A CN103269143A (en) | 2013-05-06 | 2013-05-06 | Two-phase brushless direct current motor |
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Cited By (10)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN104410177A (en) * | 2014-07-08 | 2015-03-11 | 顾明 | Stator, corresponding brushless direct current motor and three-phase switch reluctance motor |
| CN105680758A (en) * | 2016-03-31 | 2016-06-15 | 广东美的环境电器制造有限公司 | Motor speed regulation device and household appliance |
| WO2017088566A1 (en) * | 2015-11-24 | 2017-06-01 | 珠海格力电器股份有限公司 | Protection circuit and control device for brushless dc motor |
| CN108599639A (en) * | 2018-05-03 | 2018-09-28 | 魏海峰 | A kind of brshless DC motor demagnetization control device and method |
| CN108900133A (en) * | 2018-08-01 | 2018-11-27 | 浙江东方机电有限公司 | The permanent magnet synchronous motor control device and method of height driving conversion speed |
| CN111181451A (en) * | 2020-02-11 | 2020-05-19 | 江苏科技大学 | Brushless direct current motor magnetic control elimination device and implementation method thereof |
| CN112217429A (en) * | 2020-09-29 | 2021-01-12 | 西安微电子技术研究所 | Brushless motor driving circuit and method |
| CN112915464A (en) * | 2021-01-22 | 2021-06-08 | 合肥皮皮兽智能科技有限公司 | Damping control method for large-gradient running belt of fitness center |
| CN114352546A (en) * | 2022-01-11 | 2022-04-15 | 浙江尔格科技股份有限公司 | Oil pump for adjustable-speed transformer and control circuit of speed regulating system for oil pump |
| CN114389510A (en) * | 2020-10-16 | 2022-04-22 | 茂达电子股份有限公司 | Single-phase motor driving circuit and driving method |
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| CN1409467A (en) * | 2001-09-26 | 2003-04-09 | 日本伺服株式会社 | Brushless DC motor |
| CN101299582A (en) * | 2007-05-03 | 2008-11-05 | 爱特梅尔公司 | Accurate motor speed control |
| CN102142806A (en) * | 2010-01-28 | 2011-08-03 | 马维尔国际贸易有限公司 | System and method for adaptive torque adjustment and motor control |
| CN203339920U (en) * | 2013-05-06 | 2013-12-11 | 德清县金宇达电气有限公司 | Two-phase brushless direct-current motor |
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2013
- 2013-05-06 CN CN2013101636753A patent/CN103269143A/en active Pending
Patent Citations (4)
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| CN1409467A (en) * | 2001-09-26 | 2003-04-09 | 日本伺服株式会社 | Brushless DC motor |
| CN101299582A (en) * | 2007-05-03 | 2008-11-05 | 爱特梅尔公司 | Accurate motor speed control |
| CN102142806A (en) * | 2010-01-28 | 2011-08-03 | 马维尔国际贸易有限公司 | System and method for adaptive torque adjustment and motor control |
| CN203339920U (en) * | 2013-05-06 | 2013-12-11 | 德清县金宇达电气有限公司 | Two-phase brushless direct-current motor |
Cited By (18)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN104410177B (en) * | 2014-07-08 | 2017-06-16 | 顾明 | A kind of stator and its corresponding brshless DC motor and three-phase switch reluctance machine |
| CN104410177A (en) * | 2014-07-08 | 2015-03-11 | 顾明 | Stator, corresponding brushless direct current motor and three-phase switch reluctance motor |
| US10411461B2 (en) | 2015-11-24 | 2019-09-10 | Gree Electric Appliances, Inc. Of Zhuhai | Protection circuit for brushless DC motor, and control device |
| WO2017088566A1 (en) * | 2015-11-24 | 2017-06-01 | 珠海格力电器股份有限公司 | Protection circuit and control device for brushless dc motor |
| CN105680758A (en) * | 2016-03-31 | 2016-06-15 | 广东美的环境电器制造有限公司 | Motor speed regulation device and household appliance |
| CN108599639A (en) * | 2018-05-03 | 2018-09-28 | 魏海峰 | A kind of brshless DC motor demagnetization control device and method |
| CN108900133B (en) * | 2018-08-01 | 2020-10-30 | 浙江东方机电有限公司 | Permanent magnet synchronous motor control device and method with high driving conversion speed |
| CN108900133A (en) * | 2018-08-01 | 2018-11-27 | 浙江东方机电有限公司 | The permanent magnet synchronous motor control device and method of height driving conversion speed |
| CN111181451A (en) * | 2020-02-11 | 2020-05-19 | 江苏科技大学 | Brushless direct current motor magnetic control elimination device and implementation method thereof |
| CN111181451B (en) * | 2020-02-11 | 2023-07-04 | 江苏科技大学 | Demagnetizing control device of brushless direct current motor and implementation method thereof |
| CN112217429A (en) * | 2020-09-29 | 2021-01-12 | 西安微电子技术研究所 | Brushless motor driving circuit and method |
| CN112217429B (en) * | 2020-09-29 | 2022-04-19 | 西安微电子技术研究所 | Brushless motor driving circuit and method |
| CN114389510A (en) * | 2020-10-16 | 2022-04-22 | 茂达电子股份有限公司 | Single-phase motor driving circuit and driving method |
| CN114389510B (en) * | 2020-10-16 | 2024-02-23 | 茂达电子股份有限公司 | Single-phase motor driving circuit and driving method |
| CN112915464A (en) * | 2021-01-22 | 2021-06-08 | 合肥皮皮兽智能科技有限公司 | Damping control method for large-gradient running belt of fitness center |
| CN112915464B (en) * | 2021-01-22 | 2023-08-08 | 合肥皮皮兽智能科技有限公司 | Exercise center heavy-gradient running belt damping control method |
| CN114352546A (en) * | 2022-01-11 | 2022-04-15 | 浙江尔格科技股份有限公司 | Oil pump for adjustable-speed transformer and control circuit of speed regulating system for oil pump |
| CN114352546B (en) * | 2022-01-11 | 2023-08-29 | 浙江尔格科技股份有限公司 | Oil pump for speed-adjustable transformer and speed-adjusting system control circuit for oil pump |
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Application publication date: 20130828 |