CN103261609A - NOx净化率降低原因诊断装置 - Google Patents

NOx净化率降低原因诊断装置 Download PDF

Info

Publication number
CN103261609A
CN103261609A CN2011800599614A CN201180059961A CN103261609A CN 103261609 A CN103261609 A CN 103261609A CN 2011800599614 A CN2011800599614 A CN 2011800599614A CN 201180059961 A CN201180059961 A CN 201180059961A CN 103261609 A CN103261609 A CN 103261609A
Authority
CN
China
Prior art keywords
nox purification
nox
outlet pipe
heating value
purification ratio
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Granted
Application number
CN2011800599614A
Other languages
English (en)
Other versions
CN103261609B (zh
Inventor
长冈大治
中田辉男
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
Isuzu Motors Ltd
Original Assignee
Isuzu Motors Ltd
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by Isuzu Motors Ltd filed Critical Isuzu Motors Ltd
Publication of CN103261609A publication Critical patent/CN103261609A/zh
Application granted granted Critical
Publication of CN103261609B publication Critical patent/CN103261609B/zh
Active legal-status Critical Current
Anticipated expiration legal-status Critical

Links

Images

Classifications

    • FMECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F01MACHINES OR ENGINES IN GENERAL; ENGINE PLANTS IN GENERAL; STEAM ENGINES
    • F01NGAS-FLOW SILENCERS OR EXHAUST APPARATUS FOR MACHINES OR ENGINES IN GENERAL; GAS-FLOW SILENCERS OR EXHAUST APPARATUS FOR INTERNAL COMBUSTION ENGINES
    • F01N11/00Monitoring or diagnostic devices for exhaust-gas treatment apparatus, e.g. for catalytic activity
    • BPERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B01PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
    • B01DSEPARATION
    • B01D53/00Separation of gases or vapours; Recovering vapours of volatile solvents from gases; Chemical or biological purification of waste gases, e.g. engine exhaust gases, smoke, fumes, flue gases, aerosols
    • B01D53/34Chemical or biological purification of waste gases
    • B01D53/92Chemical or biological purification of waste gases of engine exhaust gases
    • B01D53/94Chemical or biological purification of waste gases of engine exhaust gases by catalytic processes
    • B01D53/9404Removing only nitrogen compounds
    • B01D53/9409Nitrogen oxides
    • BPERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B01PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
    • B01DSEPARATION
    • B01D53/00Separation of gases or vapours; Recovering vapours of volatile solvents from gases; Chemical or biological purification of waste gases, e.g. engine exhaust gases, smoke, fumes, flue gases, aerosols
    • B01D53/34Chemical or biological purification of waste gases
    • B01D53/92Chemical or biological purification of waste gases of engine exhaust gases
    • B01D53/94Chemical or biological purification of waste gases of engine exhaust gases by catalytic processes
    • B01D53/9459Removing one or more of nitrogen oxides, carbon monoxide, or hydrocarbons by multiple successive catalytic functions; systems with more than one different function, e.g. zone coated catalysts
    • B01D53/9477Removing one or more of nitrogen oxides, carbon monoxide, or hydrocarbons by multiple successive catalytic functions; systems with more than one different function, e.g. zone coated catalysts with catalysts positioned on separate bricks, e.g. exhaust systems
    • BPERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B01PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
    • B01DSEPARATION
    • B01D53/00Separation of gases or vapours; Recovering vapours of volatile solvents from gases; Chemical or biological purification of waste gases, e.g. engine exhaust gases, smoke, fumes, flue gases, aerosols
    • B01D53/34Chemical or biological purification of waste gases
    • B01D53/92Chemical or biological purification of waste gases of engine exhaust gases
    • B01D53/94Chemical or biological purification of waste gases of engine exhaust gases by catalytic processes
    • B01D53/9495Controlling the catalytic process
    • FMECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F01MACHINES OR ENGINES IN GENERAL; ENGINE PLANTS IN GENERAL; STEAM ENGINES
    • F01NGAS-FLOW SILENCERS OR EXHAUST APPARATUS FOR MACHINES OR ENGINES IN GENERAL; GAS-FLOW SILENCERS OR EXHAUST APPARATUS FOR INTERNAL COMBUSTION ENGINES
    • F01N13/00Exhaust or silencing apparatus characterised by constructional features ; Exhaust or silencing apparatus, or parts thereof, having pertinent characteristics not provided for in, or of interest apart from, groups F01N1/00 - F01N5/00, F01N9/00, F01N11/00
    • F01N13/009Exhaust or silencing apparatus characterised by constructional features ; Exhaust or silencing apparatus, or parts thereof, having pertinent characteristics not provided for in, or of interest apart from, groups F01N1/00 - F01N5/00, F01N9/00, F01N11/00 having two or more separate purifying devices arranged in series
    • F01N13/0097Exhaust or silencing apparatus characterised by constructional features ; Exhaust or silencing apparatus, or parts thereof, having pertinent characteristics not provided for in, or of interest apart from, groups F01N1/00 - F01N5/00, F01N9/00, F01N11/00 having two or more separate purifying devices arranged in series the purifying devices are arranged in a single housing
    • FMECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F01MACHINES OR ENGINES IN GENERAL; ENGINE PLANTS IN GENERAL; STEAM ENGINES
    • F01NGAS-FLOW SILENCERS OR EXHAUST APPARATUS FOR MACHINES OR ENGINES IN GENERAL; GAS-FLOW SILENCERS OR EXHAUST APPARATUS FOR INTERNAL COMBUSTION ENGINES
    • F01N3/00Exhaust or silencing apparatus having means for purifying, rendering innocuous, or otherwise treating exhaust
    • F01N3/02Exhaust or silencing apparatus having means for purifying, rendering innocuous, or otherwise treating exhaust for cooling, or for removing solid constituents of, exhaust
    • F01N3/021Exhaust or silencing apparatus having means for purifying, rendering innocuous, or otherwise treating exhaust for cooling, or for removing solid constituents of, exhaust by means of filters
    • F01N3/033Exhaust or silencing apparatus having means for purifying, rendering innocuous, or otherwise treating exhaust for cooling, or for removing solid constituents of, exhaust by means of filters in combination with other devices
    • F01N3/035Exhaust or silencing apparatus having means for purifying, rendering innocuous, or otherwise treating exhaust for cooling, or for removing solid constituents of, exhaust by means of filters in combination with other devices with catalytic reactors, e.g. catalysed diesel particulate filters
    • FMECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F01MACHINES OR ENGINES IN GENERAL; ENGINE PLANTS IN GENERAL; STEAM ENGINES
    • F01NGAS-FLOW SILENCERS OR EXHAUST APPARATUS FOR MACHINES OR ENGINES IN GENERAL; GAS-FLOW SILENCERS OR EXHAUST APPARATUS FOR INTERNAL COMBUSTION ENGINES
    • F01N3/00Exhaust or silencing apparatus having means for purifying, rendering innocuous, or otherwise treating exhaust
    • F01N3/08Exhaust or silencing apparatus having means for purifying, rendering innocuous, or otherwise treating exhaust for rendering innocuous
    • F01N3/0807Exhaust or silencing apparatus having means for purifying, rendering innocuous, or otherwise treating exhaust for rendering innocuous by using absorbents or adsorbents
    • F01N3/0814Exhaust or silencing apparatus having means for purifying, rendering innocuous, or otherwise treating exhaust for rendering innocuous by using absorbents or adsorbents combined with catalytic converters, e.g. NOx absorption/storage reduction catalysts
    • FMECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F01MACHINES OR ENGINES IN GENERAL; ENGINE PLANTS IN GENERAL; STEAM ENGINES
    • F01NGAS-FLOW SILENCERS OR EXHAUST APPARATUS FOR MACHINES OR ENGINES IN GENERAL; GAS-FLOW SILENCERS OR EXHAUST APPARATUS FOR INTERNAL COMBUSTION ENGINES
    • F01N3/00Exhaust or silencing apparatus having means for purifying, rendering innocuous, or otherwise treating exhaust
    • F01N3/08Exhaust or silencing apparatus having means for purifying, rendering innocuous, or otherwise treating exhaust for rendering innocuous
    • F01N3/0807Exhaust or silencing apparatus having means for purifying, rendering innocuous, or otherwise treating exhaust for rendering innocuous by using absorbents or adsorbents
    • F01N3/0828Exhaust or silencing apparatus having means for purifying, rendering innocuous, or otherwise treating exhaust for rendering innocuous by using absorbents or adsorbents characterised by the absorbed or adsorbed substances
    • F01N3/0842Nitrogen oxides
    • FMECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F01MACHINES OR ENGINES IN GENERAL; ENGINE PLANTS IN GENERAL; STEAM ENGINES
    • F01NGAS-FLOW SILENCERS OR EXHAUST APPARATUS FOR MACHINES OR ENGINES IN GENERAL; GAS-FLOW SILENCERS OR EXHAUST APPARATUS FOR INTERNAL COMBUSTION ENGINES
    • F01N3/00Exhaust or silencing apparatus having means for purifying, rendering innocuous, or otherwise treating exhaust
    • F01N3/08Exhaust or silencing apparatus having means for purifying, rendering innocuous, or otherwise treating exhaust for rendering innocuous
    • F01N3/10Exhaust or silencing apparatus having means for purifying, rendering innocuous, or otherwise treating exhaust for rendering innocuous by thermal or catalytic conversion of noxious components of exhaust
    • F01N3/105General auxiliary catalysts, e.g. upstream or downstream of the main catalyst
    • F01N3/106Auxiliary oxidation catalysts
    • FMECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F01MACHINES OR ENGINES IN GENERAL; ENGINE PLANTS IN GENERAL; STEAM ENGINES
    • F01NGAS-FLOW SILENCERS OR EXHAUST APPARATUS FOR MACHINES OR ENGINES IN GENERAL; GAS-FLOW SILENCERS OR EXHAUST APPARATUS FOR INTERNAL COMBUSTION ENGINES
    • F01N2550/00Monitoring or diagnosing the deterioration of exhaust systems
    • F01N2550/02Catalytic activity of catalytic converters
    • FMECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F01MACHINES OR ENGINES IN GENERAL; ENGINE PLANTS IN GENERAL; STEAM ENGINES
    • F01NGAS-FLOW SILENCERS OR EXHAUST APPARATUS FOR MACHINES OR ENGINES IN GENERAL; GAS-FLOW SILENCERS OR EXHAUST APPARATUS FOR INTERNAL COMBUSTION ENGINES
    • F01N2550/00Monitoring or diagnosing the deterioration of exhaust systems
    • F01N2550/03Monitoring or diagnosing the deterioration of exhaust systems of sorbing activity of adsorbents or absorbents
    • FMECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F01MACHINES OR ENGINES IN GENERAL; ENGINE PLANTS IN GENERAL; STEAM ENGINES
    • F01NGAS-FLOW SILENCERS OR EXHAUST APPARATUS FOR MACHINES OR ENGINES IN GENERAL; GAS-FLOW SILENCERS OR EXHAUST APPARATUS FOR INTERNAL COMBUSTION ENGINES
    • F01N2610/00Adding substances to exhaust gases
    • F01N2610/03Adding substances to exhaust gases the substance being hydrocarbons, e.g. engine fuel
    • FMECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F01MACHINES OR ENGINES IN GENERAL; ENGINE PLANTS IN GENERAL; STEAM ENGINES
    • F01NGAS-FLOW SILENCERS OR EXHAUST APPARATUS FOR MACHINES OR ENGINES IN GENERAL; GAS-FLOW SILENCERS OR EXHAUST APPARATUS FOR INTERNAL COMBUSTION ENGINES
    • F01N2900/00Details of electrical control or of the monitoring of the exhaust gas treating apparatus
    • F01N2900/06Parameters used for exhaust control or diagnosing
    • F01N2900/16Parameters used for exhaust control or diagnosing said parameters being related to the exhaust apparatus, e.g. particulate filter or catalyst
    • F01N2900/1631Heat amount provided to exhaust apparatus
    • FMECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F01MACHINES OR ENGINES IN GENERAL; ENGINE PLANTS IN GENERAL; STEAM ENGINES
    • F01NGAS-FLOW SILENCERS OR EXHAUST APPARATUS FOR MACHINES OR ENGINES IN GENERAL; GAS-FLOW SILENCERS OR EXHAUST APPARATUS FOR INTERNAL COMBUSTION ENGINES
    • F01N3/00Exhaust or silencing apparatus having means for purifying, rendering innocuous, or otherwise treating exhaust
    • F01N3/08Exhaust or silencing apparatus having means for purifying, rendering innocuous, or otherwise treating exhaust for rendering innocuous
    • F01N3/10Exhaust or silencing apparatus having means for purifying, rendering innocuous, or otherwise treating exhaust for rendering innocuous by thermal or catalytic conversion of noxious components of exhaust
    • F01N3/18Exhaust or silencing apparatus having means for purifying, rendering innocuous, or otherwise treating exhaust for rendering innocuous by thermal or catalytic conversion of noxious components of exhaust characterised by methods of operation; Control
    • F01N3/20Exhaust or silencing apparatus having means for purifying, rendering innocuous, or otherwise treating exhaust for rendering innocuous by thermal or catalytic conversion of noxious components of exhaust characterised by methods of operation; Control specially adapted for catalytic conversion ; Methods of operation or control of catalytic converters
    • F01N3/2066Selective catalytic reduction [SCR]
    • YGENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y02TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
    • Y02TCLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES RELATED TO TRANSPORTATION
    • Y02T10/00Road transport of goods or passengers
    • Y02T10/10Internal combustion engine [ICE] based vehicles
    • Y02T10/40Engine management systems
    • YGENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y10TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC
    • Y10TTECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER US CLASSIFICATION
    • Y10T137/00Fluid handling
    • Y10T137/8158With indicator, register, recorder, alarm or inspection means

Landscapes

  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Combustion & Propulsion (AREA)
  • Chemical Kinetics & Catalysis (AREA)
  • General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • Health & Medical Sciences (AREA)
  • Oil, Petroleum & Natural Gas (AREA)
  • General Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Analytical Chemistry (AREA)
  • Environmental & Geological Engineering (AREA)
  • Biomedical Technology (AREA)
  • Materials Engineering (AREA)
  • Toxicology (AREA)
  • Exhaust Gas After Treatment (AREA)
  • Exhaust Gas Treatment By Means Of Catalyst (AREA)

Abstract

本发明提供一种NOx净化率降低原因诊断装置,能够进行确定NOx净化率降低的原因的自己诊断。具备:诊断用排气管燃料喷射控制部(2),在NOx净化率降低时,为了进行诊断而实施排气管燃料喷射;NOx净化装置故障确定部(5),在排气管燃料喷射实施时,如果氧化催化装置中的实测发热量与理论发热量的误差为阈值以内,则将NOx净化率降低的原因确定为NOx净化装置故障;以及氧化催化装置故障确定部(6),在排气管燃料喷射实施时,如果氧化催化装置中的实测发热量与理论发热量的误差超过阈值,则将NOx净化率降低的原因确定为氧化催化装置故障。

Description

NOx净化率降低原因诊断装置
技术领域
本发明涉及一种NOx净化率降低原因诊断装置,能够进行确定NOx净化率降低的原因的自己诊断。
背景技术
在发动机的废气流路上具备碳氢化合物选择还原催化装置(Hydrocarbon Selective Catalytic Reduction;以下称为HC-SCR)、NOx吸藏器(Lean NOx Trap;以下称为LNT)等带De-NOx(氮氧化物降低)催化剂的后处理装置(以下称为NOx净化装置)的车辆中,能够在NOx净化装置的上下游设置NOx传感器,并根据这些NOx传感器检测的NOx浓度之比来计算NOx净化率。
优选能够进行如下的自己诊断(On-board Diagnostics;OBD):求出该NOx净化率的时间变化,在NOx净化率超过阈值而降低时,自己诊断为NOx净化装置发生故障。
现有技术文献
专利文献
专利文献1:日本特开2008-75610号公报
专利文献2:日本特开2010-196496号公报
发明要解决的课题
然而,从发动机到NOx净化装置的下游为止,沿着废气流路设置有多种部件,在这些部件发生故障的情况下,NOx净化率有时也会降低。例如,由于发动机周边的各部件的故障、还原剂添加装置(排气管燃料喷射装置)的故障,而NOx净化率也会降低。由此,即使NOx净化率降低,也无法立即断定为是NOx净化装置出现故障。希望区分NOx净化率降低的原因是发动机周边的各部件的故障、还原剂添加装置的故障、还是NOx净化装置的故障。
发明内容
在此,本发明的目的在于,解决上述课题,提供一种能够进行确定NOx净化率降低的原因的自己诊断的NOx净化率降低原因诊断装置。
用于解决课题的手段
为了实现上述目的,本发明为一种NOx净化率降低原因诊断装置,用于具备排气管燃料喷射器、氧化催化装置以及NOx净化装置的发动机系统,其具备:诊断用排气管燃料喷射控制部,在NOx净化率降低时,为了进行诊断而实施排气管燃料喷射;NOx净化装置故障确定部,在上述排气管燃料喷射实施时,如果上述氧化催化装置中的实测发热量与理论发热量的误差为阈值以内,则将NOx净化率降低的原因确定为NOx净化装置故障;以及氧化催化装置故障确定部,在上述排气管燃料喷射实施时,如果上述氧化催化装置中的实测发热量与理论发热量的误差超过阈值,则将NOx净化率降低的原因确定为氧化催化装置。
发明的效果
本发明能够发挥如下那样的优良效果。
(1)能够进行确定NOx净化率降低的原因的自己诊断。
附图说明
图1是表示本发明的一个实施方式的NOx净化率降低原因诊断装置的构成图。
图2是应用了图1的NOx净化率降低原因诊断装置的发动机系统的构成图。
图3是表示由图1的NOx净化率降低原因诊断装置执行的控制步骤的流程图。
图4是沿着排气管的发热的分布图。
图5是表示与图3的控制步骤等价的诊断矩阵的图。
具体实施方式
以下,基于附图详细说明本发明一个实施方式。
如图1所示,本发明的NOx净化率降低原因诊断装置1具备:诊断用排气管燃料喷射控制部2,在NOx净化率降低时为了进行诊断而实施排气管燃料喷射;发动机侧故障确定部3,如果排气管燃料喷射未实施时的实测废气空燃比与理论废气空燃比的误差超过阈值,则将NOx净化率降低的原因确定为发动机侧故障;排气管燃料喷射器故障确定部4,如果排气管燃料喷射实施时的实测废气空燃比与理论废气空燃比的误差超过阈值,则将NOx净化率降低的原因确定为排气管燃料喷射器故障;NOx净化装置故障确定部5,在排气管燃料喷射实施时,如果氧化催化装置中的实测发热量与理论发热量的误差为阈值以内,则将NOx净化率降低的原因确定为NOx净化装置故障;氧化催化装置故障确定部6,在排气管燃料喷射实施时,如果氧化催化装置中的实测发热量与理论发热量的误差超过阈值,则将NOx净化率降低的原因确定为氧化催化装置故障;以及复合故障确定部7,在排气管燃料喷射实施时,如果氧化催化装置中的实测发热量与理论发热量的误差超过阈值、且NOx净化装置中的实测发热量与理论发热量的误差超过阈值,则确定为氧化催化装置故障以及NOx净化装置故障。
构成NOx净化率降低原因诊断装置1的诊断用排气管燃料喷射控制部2、发动机侧故障确定部3、排气管燃料喷射器故障确定部4、NOx净化装置故障确定部5、氧化催化装置故障确定部6以及复合故障确定部7,由电子控制装置(Electronical Control Unit;以下称为ECU)执行的软件来实现。ECU掌握发动机系统的控制所需的全部发动机参数(传感器检测值、计算值、控制值等)。
如图2所示,本发明的NOx净化率降低原因诊断装置1所应用的发动机系统201为,在发动机202的排气歧管203上,连接有构成废气再循环装置(Exhaust Gas Recirculation;EGR)的EGR管204,并且连接有涡轮增压器205的排气涡轮206的入口。EGR管204的下游端与吸气歧管207连接。在排气涡轮206的出口连接有排气管208。
在排气管208上,从上游依次设置有:向排气管208内喷射燃料的排气管燃料喷射器209;促进燃料、中间生成物的氧化的氧化催化装置(DieselOxidation Catalyst;以下称为DOC)210、HC-SCR、LNT等NOx净化装置211;以及捕集粒子状物质(Particulate Matter;PM)的柴油颗粒过滤器(Diesel Particulate Filter;以下称为DPF)212或者催化滤烟器(Catalyzed Soot Filter;CSF)。此外,DOC210、NOx净化装置211、DPF212均使用催化剂,以下,有时将DOC210、NOx净化装置211、DPF212仅表述为催化剂。
设置排气管燃料喷射器209的目的在于,在将DPF212所捕集的粒子状物质燃烧除去(DPF再生、PM再生)时,向排气管208内喷射作为燃料的轻油。使喷射的燃料在DOC210、NOx净化装置211、DPF212等中经由催化剂而氧化,能够使废气温度上升到DPF再生温度。此外,能够以对HC-SCR、LNT添加作为还原剂的碳氢化合物为目的来进行排气管燃料喷射。在本发明中,为了诊断NOx净化率降低原因而实施排气管燃料喷射。
在取入了来自大气的空气的空气滤清器213上连接有吸气管214,吸气管214的下游端与涡轮增压器205的吸气压缩机215的入口连接。在吸气压缩机215的出口连接有高压侧吸气管216,高压侧吸气管216的下游端与吸气歧管207连接。
在排气管208的DOC210的上游,设置有对发动机出口NOx浓度进行检测的第一NOx传感器221,在DPF212的下游设置有对催化后NOx浓度进行检测的第二NOx传感器222。在DPF212的下游设置有对废气的空燃比(实测废气空燃比)进行检测的废气λ传感器223。在排气管208上,在DOC210的上游设置有对向DOC210流入的废气的温度(DOC入口温度)进行检测的第一温度传感器224,在DOC210与NOx净化装置211之间设置有对DOC出口温度(NOx净化装置入口温度)进行检测的第二温度传感器225,在NOx净化装置211与DPF212之间设置有对NOx净化装置出口温度(DPF入口温度)进行检测的第三温度传感器226,在DPF212的下游设置有对DPF出口温度进行检测的第四温度传感器227。在吸气管214上,设置有对吸入空气量进行检测的空气流量传感器(Mass Airflow sensor;以下称为MAF传感器)228。
此外,第一NOx传感器221、第二NOx传感器222、废气λ传感器223、第一~第四温度传感器224~227为,通过在本发明的NOx净化率降低原因诊断装置1的自己诊断之外进行的传感器的自己诊断,由此确认各传感器为正常。
如图3所示,NOx净化率降低原因诊断装置1执行的控制步骤具有:判断NOx净化率是否降低的NOx净化率降低判断的步骤S1;判断是否为无喷射时空燃比异常的排气管燃料喷射未实施时的故障原因确定(λ诊断A)的步骤S2;排气管燃料喷射实施的步骤S3;判断是否为有喷射时空燃比异常的排气管燃料喷射实施时的故障原因确定(λ诊断B)的步骤S4;以及基于催化剂发热模式的故障原因确定(催化剂温度诊断)的步骤S5。
以下,对各步骤的动作进行详细说明。
NOx净化率降低原因诊断装置1为,在NOx净化率降低判断的步骤S1中,在预先决定的判断条件成立时,判断NOx净化率是否降低。判断条件为,废气温度稳定、且车辆行驶稳定。当车辆行驶不稳定时,发动机状态成为过渡性状态而废气的NOx浓度检测变得不稳定,因此不进行NOx净化率降低的判断。
根据催化后NOx浓度和催化前NOx浓度来求出NOx净化率,但在本实施方式中,作为催化前NOx浓度而使用发动机出口NOx浓度,根据第一NOx传感器221的检测值、即发动机出口NOx浓度、以及第二NOx传感器222的检测值、即催化后NOx浓度,通过下式来计算。
NOx净化率=(1-催化后NOx浓度/发动机出口NOx浓度)
                                         ×100(%)
发动机出口NOx浓度也可以不使用第一NOx传感器221,而根据使用了发动机参数的公知的理论式或者映射来进行推断。
发动机出口NOx浓度和催化后NOx浓度,始终按照规定的取样间隔来检测,能够实时地计算NOx净化率。
NOx净化率降低原因诊断装置1为,在NOx净化率成为预先设定的阈值以下的状态持续了预先设定的规定时间以上的情况下,判断为NOx净化率降低。通过该判断,实质上开始本发明的NOx净化率降低原因诊断。
在排气管燃料喷射未实施时的故障原因确定(λ诊断A)的步骤S2中,判断是否为无喷射时空燃比异常。即,发动机侧故障确定部3,通过使用了吸入空气量和燃料喷射量的公知的理论式,计算废气λ传感器223的设置位置处的理论废气空燃比,并与废气λ传感器223检测的实测废气空燃比进行比较。如果实测废气空燃比与理论废气空燃比的误差超过预先设定的阈值,则为异常。在该情况下,无法正确地计算理论废气空燃比,因此将NOx净化率降低的原因确定为发动机侧故障。
发动机侧故障的含义为,位于排气管208的上游的各部件的某一个的故障。例如,当MAF传感器228故障时,吸入空气量变得不正确,因此理论废气空燃比的计算变得不正确。或者,当发动机202内的燃料喷射器产生堵塞时,燃料喷射量的误差变大,理论废气空燃比的计算变得不正确。如此,在NOx净化率降低的原因被确定为发动机侧故障的情况下,进行进一步确定故障部位的诊断即可。其中,也可以援用与EGR阀、吸气节流阀、涡轮增压器、MAF传感器228等各部件有关的公知的异常判断信息(例如传感器输出电压异常)。
如果在步骤S2的判断中误差为阈值以下,则无喷射时空燃比是正常的,由此,能够判断为在发动机侧不存在异常,因此进入下一步骤。
在排气管燃料喷射实施的步骤S3中,诊断用排气管燃料喷射控制部2实施排气管燃料喷射。排气管燃料喷射以与DPF再生时同样的喷射量来进行。在装备有用于手动DPF再生的再生开关的车辆中,也可以在控制步骤中促使操作人员进行操作,操作人员手动地实施。
在排气管燃料喷射实施时的故障原因确定(λ诊断B)的步骤S4中,判断是否为有喷射时空燃比异常。即,排气管燃料喷射器故障确定部4为,通过使用根据吸入空气量和燃料喷射量求出的、发动机202排出的废气重量和排气管燃料喷射量的公知的理论式,来计算废气λ传感器223的设置位置处的理论废气空燃比,并与废气λ传感器223检测的实测废气空燃比进行比较。如果实测废气空燃比与理论废气空燃比的误差超过预先设定的阈值,则为异常。在该情况下,确认为能够正确地计算理论废气空燃比,因此将NOx净化率降低的原因确定为排气管燃料喷射器故障。
如果在步骤S4的判断中误差为阈值以下,则有喷射时空燃比是正常的,由此,排气管燃料喷射器209能够判断为正常,因此进入下一步骤。
在基于催化剂发热模式的故障原因确定(催化剂温度诊断)的步骤S5中,判断催化剂发热模式。催化剂发热模式表示沿着排气管208通过DOC210、NOx净化装置211、DPF212的路线上的、基于实测的发热的分布形状。
如图4所示,根据由第一~第四温度传感器224~227检测的各催化剂入口及出口的废气温度,能够求出每个催化剂的入口出口间的温度差,根据该温度差能够计算出各催化剂的累计发热量。将其作为实测发热量。另一方面,将排气管燃料喷射量、依存于各催化剂的燃料的发热系数、放热量等应用到预先通过实验而得到的经验式,能够计算在各催化剂中应产生的累计发热量。将其作为理论发热量。
实测发热量和理论发热量例如如下那样求出。根据DPF再生时的各催化剂入口温度、吸入空气量、燃料喷射量,来计算废气流量。根据DOC210的入口出口间的温度差、废气流量、废气比热,计算瞬时的催化剂发热量。对该催化剂发热量进行累计而计算累计发热量。具体地说,通过:
瞬时的催化剂发热量=DOC出入口温度差×废气流量×废气比热
来计算瞬时的催化剂发热量。另一方面,瞬时的理论发热量根据作为燃料的轻油的低位发热量(例如38.2MJ/L)和燃料消耗量来计算,并将其也进行累计。
瞬时的理论发热量=柴油的低位发热量×燃料消耗量
理论发热量为,如图中虚线所示,在DOC210内的入口附近较大地上升,其以下成为一定。由实线表示的催化剂发热模式#1与基于理论发热量的分布几乎一致。与此相对,催化剂发热模式#2为,在DOC210内几乎不上升,而在NOx净化装置211内的入口附近较大地上升,其以下为一定。催化剂发热模式#3为,在DOC210内、在NOx净化装置211内都几乎不上升,而在DPF212的入口附近较大地上升。
当考察催化剂发热模式#1时,在DOC210中实测发热量与理论发热量良好地一致,能够判断为DOC210正常地发挥功能。在DOC210中废气温度上升,因此NOx净化装置211是否正常地发挥功能,仅根据该催化剂发热模式#1不能够判断。
当考察催化剂发热模式#2时,在DOC210中实测发热量与理论发热量较大地不同,并且,在NOx净化装置211中实测发热量较大,而NOx净化装置211以下的发热量分布一致。由此,能够判断为DOC210中存在异常。此外,能够判断为NOx净化装置211的升温功能正常。
当考察催化剂发热模式#3时,在DOC210和NOx净化装置211中实测发热量与理论发热量较大地不同。由此,能够判断为DOC210和NOx净化装置211都存在异常。
通过使以上那样的催化剂发热模式的考察、以及判断为NOx净化率降低这种现象组合,能够确定故障部位。
在根据由第一~第四温度传感器224~227检测的废气温度而得到催化剂发热模式#1的情况下,DOC210中的实测发热量与理论发热量的误差为阈值以内,因此能够判断为DOC210正常。由于已经判断为发动机侧不存在异常、而排气管燃料喷射器209也正常,因此作为使NOx净化率降低的重要因素,仅剩下NOx净化装置211。因此,NOx净化装置故障确定部5将NOx净化率降低的原因确定为NOx净化装置故障。阈值例如大致设定为理论发热量×0.8。
在得到催化剂发热模式#2的情况下,确定DOC210存在异常。另一方面,NOx净化装置211中的实测发热量与理论发热量的误差成为阈值(以理论发热量×0.8为参考)以内,NOx净化装置211的升温功能正常,但无法唯一地断定NOx净化率降低的原因为氧化催化剂装置故障。其原因为,在NOx净化装置211中,虽然升温功能正常,但还存在NOx净化的功能异常的可能性。但是,根据发明者的见解,催化剂的升温功能异常与NOx净化功能异常同时产生,因此氧化催化剂装置故障的可能性较高。因此,氧化催化剂装置故障确定部6将NOx净化率降低的原因确定为氧化催化剂装置故障。
在得到催化剂发热模式#3的情况下,确定为DOC210和NOx净化装置211存在异常。因此,复合故障确定部7将NOx净化率降低的原因确定为氧化催化剂装置故障以及NOx净化装置故障。
能够与图3的控制步骤等价地定义图5的诊断矩阵。即,如图5所示,如果步骤S2的λ诊断A的判断为NG(异常),则NOx净化率降低的原因被确定为发动机侧故障。如果步骤S2的λ诊断A的判断为OK(正常)、且步骤S4的λ诊断B的判断为NG,则NOx净化率降低的原因被确定为排气管燃料喷射器故障。在此,在图3的顺序中,未执行步骤S5的催化剂温度诊断,但如果执行,则例如得到全部的催化剂中无升温的催化剂发热模式,该情况的判断成为NG。
在λ诊断A、λ诊断B的判断都为OK的情况下,成为如下的情况。如果催化剂温度诊断的判断为OK(实测发热量与理论发热量一致、即催化剂发热模式#1),则确定为NOx净化装置故障。如果由于催化剂发热模式#2而催化剂温度诊断的判断成为NG,则确定为氧化催化剂装置故障。如果由于催化剂发热模式#3而催化剂温度诊断的判断成为NG,则确定为氧化催化剂装置故障以及NOx净化装置故障。
如以上说明的那样,根据本发明的NOx净化率降低原因诊断装置1,在NOx净化率的降低时为了进行诊断而实施排气管燃料喷射,并进行DOC210的催化剂温度诊断。由此,如果在DOC210中能够得到正常的发热量,则能够确定为NOx净化装置故障,如果在DOC210中不能够得到正常的发热量,则能够确定为氧化催化剂装置故障。
并且,如本实施方式那样,当进行λ诊断A以及λ诊断B时,能够确定发动机侧故障、排气管燃料喷射器故障,故障的区分能够进一步细分化。
本发明的NOx净化率降低原因诊断装置1,不对发动机系统201追加新部件而仅变更ECU的软件就能够实现,因此部件成本不会上升。
在本实施方式中,在从排气管208的上游起依次配置有排气管燃料喷射器209、DOC210、NOx净化装置211、DPF212的发动机系统201中应用本发明,但在没有DOC210、而设置有排气管燃料喷射器209、NOx净化装置211、DPF212的发动机系统中也能够应用本发明。并且,在没有DOC210、NOx净化装置211,而设置有排气管燃料喷射器209、DPF212的发动机系统的PM净化的不良情况时,确定发动机侧故障、排气管燃料喷射器故障、DPF故障的情况下也能够应用本发明。此外,对于在NOx净化中使用尿素SCR的发动机系统,在NOx净化率降低时确定尿素水喷射器故障以外的原因时也能够应用本发明。
附图标记的说明
1 NOx净化率降低原因诊断装置
2 诊断用排气管燃料喷射控制部
3 发动机侧故障确定部
4 排气管燃料喷射器故障确定部
5 NOx净化装置故障确定部
6 氧化催化剂装置故障确定部
7 复合故障确定部

Claims (2)

1.一种NOx净化率降低原因诊断装置,应用于具备排气管燃料喷射器、氧化催化装置以及NOx净化装置的发动机系统,其特征在于,具备:
诊断用排气管燃料喷射控制部,在NOx净化率降低时,为了进行诊断而实施排气管燃料喷射;
NOx净化装置故障确定部,在上述排气管燃料喷射实施时,如果上述氧化催化装置中的实测发热量与理论发热量的误差为阈值以内,则将NOx净化率降低的原因确定为NOx净化装置故障;以及
氧化催化装置故障确定部,在上述排气管燃料喷射实施时,如果上述氧化催化装置中的实测发热量与理论发热量的误差超过阈值,则将NOx净化率降低的原因确定为氧化催化装置。
2.如权利要求1记载的NOx净化率降低原因诊断装置,其中,
还具备复合故障确定部,在排气管燃料喷射实施时,如果上述氧化催化装置中的实测发热量与理论发热量的误差超过阈值、且上述NOx净化装置中的实测发热量与理论发热量的误差超过阈值,则确定为氧化催化装置故障及NOx净化装置故障。
CN201180059961.4A 2010-12-16 2011-12-07 NOx净化率降低原因诊断装置 Active CN103261609B (zh)

Applications Claiming Priority (3)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
JP2010280889A JP5760423B2 (ja) 2010-12-16 2010-12-16 NOx浄化率低下原因診断装置
JP2010-280889 2010-12-16
PCT/JP2011/078284 WO2012081464A1 (ja) 2010-12-16 2011-12-07 NOx浄化率低下原因診断装置

Publications (2)

Publication Number Publication Date
CN103261609A true CN103261609A (zh) 2013-08-21
CN103261609B CN103261609B (zh) 2015-04-29

Family

ID=46244571

Family Applications (1)

Application Number Title Priority Date Filing Date
CN201180059961.4A Active CN103261609B (zh) 2010-12-16 2011-12-07 NOx净化率降低原因诊断装置

Country Status (6)

Country Link
US (1) US8973431B2 (zh)
EP (1) EP2653684B1 (zh)
JP (1) JP5760423B2 (zh)
CN (1) CN103261609B (zh)
AU (1) AU2011342305B2 (zh)
WO (1) WO2012081464A1 (zh)

Cited By (4)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
CN107975418A (zh) * 2016-10-21 2018-05-01 通用汽车环球科技运作有限责任公司 用于内燃机的多变量发动机转矩和排放闭环控制
CN108930578A (zh) * 2018-06-27 2018-12-04 潍柴动力股份有限公司 Doc中毒的检测和保护方法
CN109695495A (zh) * 2017-10-23 2019-04-30 Fev欧洲有限责任公司 用于机动车辆的排气处理系统
CN112557040A (zh) * 2020-11-16 2021-03-26 东风汽车集团有限公司 发动机瞬态soot排放量预估方法

Families Citing this family (14)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
KR101158816B1 (ko) * 2009-08-21 2012-06-26 기아자동차주식회사 디젤 차량의 배기 장치
DE112010005452B4 (de) * 2010-11-02 2018-03-29 Toyota Jidosha Kabushiki Kaisha Steuervorrichtung für eine Brennkraftmaschine
EP2682576A4 (en) * 2011-03-03 2015-04-08 Toyota Motor Co Ltd SYSTEM FOR DETERMINING CATALYST WEAR
AT512760B1 (de) * 2012-03-21 2014-05-15 Avl List Gmbh Verfahren zum Betreiben einer Brennkraftmaschine
US9084966B2 (en) * 2012-11-29 2015-07-21 GM Global Technology Operations LLC Diesel oxidation catalyst aging level determination using NOX sensor NO2 interference
US9708960B2 (en) * 2013-05-08 2017-07-18 Cummins Ip, Inc. Exhaust aftertreatment system diagnostic and conditioning
JP6169427B2 (ja) * 2013-07-10 2017-07-26 日野自動車株式会社 アフターターボキャタリストの異常検知方法
US9068495B2 (en) * 2013-09-12 2015-06-30 GM Global Technology Operations LLC Oxidation catalyst/hydrocarbon injector testing system
US9752488B2 (en) * 2015-10-27 2017-09-05 Cummins, Inc. Systems and methods of an on-board NOx monitor reset test
DE112017008280T5 (de) * 2017-12-18 2020-09-10 Cummins Emission Solutions Inc. Dezidierte Wärmeverwaltung für ein SCR-System
JP7310720B2 (ja) * 2020-05-29 2023-07-19 いすゞ自動車株式会社 触媒状態検知装置
WO2022204437A1 (en) * 2021-03-26 2022-09-29 Cummins Power Generation Inc. Dual leg aftertreatment system
CN114991921B (zh) * 2022-05-25 2024-01-09 深圳市众卡汽车零部件有限公司 一种scr效率低故障原因排查方法
US11815044B1 (en) 2022-06-09 2023-11-14 Cummins Inc. Systems and methods for selective catalytic reduction (SCR) multipoint diagnosis

Citations (4)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
JP2005201143A (ja) * 2004-01-15 2005-07-28 Honda Motor Co Ltd 排気浄化装置の劣化判定装置
JP2005351153A (ja) * 2004-06-10 2005-12-22 Toyota Motor Corp 触媒劣化判定装置
JP2006291742A (ja) * 2005-04-06 2006-10-26 Toyota Motor Corp 内燃機関の触媒劣化検出装置
JP2009085079A (ja) * 2007-09-28 2009-04-23 Toyota Motor Corp 内燃機関の触媒劣化検出装置

Family Cites Families (12)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
DE10237382A1 (de) * 2002-08-12 2004-03-04 Volkswagen Ag Verfahren zum Betrieb eines magerlauffähigen Verbrennungsmotors mit einem Abgasreinigungssystem
US6925796B2 (en) * 2003-11-19 2005-08-09 Ford Global Technologies, Llc Diagnosis of a urea SCR catalytic system
US20070044456A1 (en) * 2005-09-01 2007-03-01 Devesh Upadhyay Exhaust gas aftertreatment systems
US7418816B2 (en) * 2005-09-01 2008-09-02 Ford Global Technologies, Llc Exhaust gas aftertreatment systems
JP2008075610A (ja) 2006-09-23 2008-04-03 Hino Motors Ltd 排気処理装置
US8201444B2 (en) * 2008-08-19 2012-06-19 GM Global Technology Operations LLC Aftertreatment device NOx conversion efficiency diagnostics using on board adaptive diagnostic algorithm
US8245567B2 (en) * 2008-08-19 2012-08-21 GM Global Technology Operations LLC On board diagnostic monitor of NOx conversion efficiency for aftertreatment device
JP5170689B2 (ja) * 2009-01-14 2013-03-27 トヨタ自動車株式会社 内燃機関の排気浄化装置
US8539757B2 (en) * 2009-01-16 2013-09-24 Toyota Jidosha Kabushiki Kaisha Exhaust purification apparatus for internal combustion engine
US8091416B2 (en) * 2009-01-16 2012-01-10 GM Global Technology Operations LLC Robust design of diagnostic enabling conditions for SCR NOx conversion efficiency monitor
JP2010196496A (ja) 2009-02-23 2010-09-09 Toyota Motor Corp 排気浄化装置
US8726723B2 (en) * 2010-02-23 2014-05-20 Cummins Emission Solutions Detection of aftertreatment catalyst degradation

Patent Citations (4)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
JP2005201143A (ja) * 2004-01-15 2005-07-28 Honda Motor Co Ltd 排気浄化装置の劣化判定装置
JP2005351153A (ja) * 2004-06-10 2005-12-22 Toyota Motor Corp 触媒劣化判定装置
JP2006291742A (ja) * 2005-04-06 2006-10-26 Toyota Motor Corp 内燃機関の触媒劣化検出装置
JP2009085079A (ja) * 2007-09-28 2009-04-23 Toyota Motor Corp 内燃機関の触媒劣化検出装置

Cited By (5)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
CN107975418A (zh) * 2016-10-21 2018-05-01 通用汽车环球科技运作有限责任公司 用于内燃机的多变量发动机转矩和排放闭环控制
CN107975418B (zh) * 2016-10-21 2020-03-13 通用汽车环球科技运作有限责任公司 用于内燃机的多变量发动机转矩和排放闭环控制
CN109695495A (zh) * 2017-10-23 2019-04-30 Fev欧洲有限责任公司 用于机动车辆的排气处理系统
CN108930578A (zh) * 2018-06-27 2018-12-04 潍柴动力股份有限公司 Doc中毒的检测和保护方法
CN112557040A (zh) * 2020-11-16 2021-03-26 东风汽车集团有限公司 发动机瞬态soot排放量预估方法

Also Published As

Publication number Publication date
AU2011342305B2 (en) 2016-02-25
WO2012081464A1 (ja) 2012-06-21
EP2653684B1 (en) 2018-05-30
AU2011342305A1 (en) 2013-07-18
US8973431B2 (en) 2015-03-10
EP2653684A4 (en) 2016-11-09
JP5760423B2 (ja) 2015-08-12
EP2653684A1 (en) 2013-10-23
JP2012127302A (ja) 2012-07-05
CN103261609B (zh) 2015-04-29
US20130306171A1 (en) 2013-11-21

Similar Documents

Publication Publication Date Title
CN103261609A (zh) NOx净化率降低原因诊断装置
CN102037230B (zh) NOx传感器的异常诊断装置及异常诊断方法
CN103261597B (zh) Dpf系统
KR101147588B1 (ko) 배기 정화 시스템의 이상 진단 장치
US8181449B2 (en) Control method of exhaust gas purification system and exhaust gas purification system
JP5789925B2 (ja) NOxセンサ診断装置及びSCRシステム
CN101375026B (zh) 废气净化方法以及废气净化系统
US9752488B2 (en) Systems and methods of an on-board NOx monitor reset test
CN102265008A (zh) 排气净化装置的再生不良诊断方法
CN105247184A (zh) 排气净化装置的异常诊断装置
CN101907013B (zh) 使用虚拟的砖温度传感器的用于颗粒过滤器的再生系统和方法
CN104583550B (zh) 内燃机的排气净化装置及其排气净化方法
CN101573522A (zh) 废气净化系统的控制方法以及废气净化系统
CN101379274A (zh) 废气净化系统的控制方法及废气净化系统
CN102844538B (zh) 废气净化装置及废气净化装置的控制方法
CN102042059A (zh) 用于柴油发动机的废气净化装置
EP3106641B1 (en) Catalytic device detection system
CN104641089A (zh) 柴油发动机控制装置
CN113924409B (zh) 燃料分析系统和方法
CN103225562B (zh) 用于调节空气质量的控制系统
JP7302541B2 (ja) 排気処理システム
JP2020051405A (ja) 内燃機関の診断装置
JP2010261330A (ja) 排気浄化装置

Legal Events

Date Code Title Description
C06 Publication
PB01 Publication
C10 Entry into substantive examination
SE01 Entry into force of request for substantive examination
C14 Grant of patent or utility model
GR01 Patent grant