CN103255292A - Additive for carbonthermal reduction of nickel laterite ore - Google Patents
Additive for carbonthermal reduction of nickel laterite ore Download PDFInfo
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- CN103255292A CN103255292A CN201310214245XA CN201310214245A CN103255292A CN 103255292 A CN103255292 A CN 103255292A CN 201310214245X A CN201310214245X A CN 201310214245XA CN 201310214245 A CN201310214245 A CN 201310214245A CN 103255292 A CN103255292 A CN 103255292A
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Abstract
An additive for carbonthermal reduction of nickel laterite ore is prepared through the following steps of (1) mixing 8 to 10 parts by mass of coal humic acid crude powder, 0.2 to 0.3 part by mass of NaOH and 1.5 to 2.2 parts by mass of water to be stirred for 0.5h, carrying out the sodium treatment on the mixture, and mixing 10 to 14 parts by mass of fresh lime with 2.5 to 3 parts by mass of water to form slurry; and (2), uniformly mixing the two mixtures, adding the mixture into nickel laterite ore powder to be uniformly stirred and pressed into blocks or sealed to store for standby. The additive has the advantages of little consumption, low price and high nickel recovering rate.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to the Metal smelting technical field, be specifically related to a kind of red soil nickel ore carbothermic reduction additive.
Background technology
Red soil nickel ore carbothermic reduction at present has three classes with additive: first kind carbonaceous reducing agent, and as coal dust, coke powder.Utilize institute's carbon containing wherein to remove to capture the oxygen of NiO in the ore deposit, make it be reduced into metal; Second class is binding agent, mainly is wilkinite, and it gives agglomerate wet tenacity, dry strength and hot strength, makes agglomerate carry, go into not broken not efflorescence under stove and the high temperature; The 3rd class flux mainly is lime, and it reduces gangue fusing point in the ore deposit, makes its fusing form slag and metal separation.Current this three classes additive all is applied to go in the agglomeration of red soil nickel ore with independent state, its defective is: 1, only emphasize each self-applying of every class additive, from the consideration of getting on of mutual synergy, can not give full play to their effect, not only add-on is big, and effect is also relatively poor.For one ton of ferronickel product of every smelting, need the situation of 10 tons of left and right sides red soil nickel ores, can cause bigger supplies consumption and energy dissipation.Effect is relatively poor, can from slag, measure to examine by residual Ni, even under 1650 ℃ of high-temperature electric resistance furnace reductive conditions, add three class additives separately, residual Ni amount reaches 0.15%～0.2% (quality) in the slag, for containing Ni only for the red soil nickel ore of 1.3%～1.8% (quality), the Ni that loses in the slag reaches 11%～15% (quality), quite can show.The used red soil nickel ore of China almost all relies on import, and this loss is flagrant.2, reductive agent is selected for use unreasonable.In the early stage smelting of red soil nickel ore, adopt coke powder to make reductive agent, partly or entirely replaced coke powder with pulverized anthracite afterwards.Their major ingredient is fixed carbon, and the reductive action of carbon is mainly brought into play in high temperature (＞1200 ℃) scope, and at this moment, the NiO in the nickel minerals and FeO all enter the fast restore state.Can cause the Fe amount that contains in the ferronickel product to rise the adverse consequences that Ni content descends.Do not meet red soil nickel ore and require NiO fully to reduce at low temperature in smelting, the high temperature reduction principle of restriction FeO.3, make the negative interaction of binding agent with wilkinite.The adding purpose of flux lime be with the ore deposit in excessive SiO2 chemical combination, form the slag liquid that fusing point is lower, viscosity is lower, promote slag/gold separation, obtain the not metal of slag inclusion.Bentonitic main composition is that SiO2[content reaches 60% (quality)～70% (quality)], it adds with the binding agent form, can make SiO2 content rising in the material, with advancing, must increase lime adding amount synchronously therewith, makes the increasing of material total amount, and energy consumption rises.
Summary of the invention
The invention provides provides a kind of red soil nickel ore carbothermic reduction additive, has solved the problem of reduced nickel weak effect during red soil nickel ore is smelted, output material, and it has consumption and lacks the high advantage of ferronickel efficient low, that reduction obtains, and concrete technical scheme is as follows:
A kind of red soil nickel ore carbothermic reduction additive is characterized in that, comprising:
(1) 8～10 part of former powder of (quality) coal humic acid adds 0.2～0.3 part of (quality) NaOH and 1.5～2.2 parts of (quality) water, stir 0.5h and carry out the sodium processing, meanwhile, 10～14 parts (quality) new fresh lime is added 2.5 parts of (quality)～3 part (quality) water and carry out digestion process formation slurry;
(2) above-mentioned both mix to mix well and can add in the red soil nickel ore powder, mixing briquetting, or sealing is deposited standby.
Preferably, contain fixed carbon 40%～50% (quality), fugitive constituent 40%～45% (quality), granularity 100～160 orders in the former powder of coal humic acids in the step (1).
Preferably, the new fresh lime of step (1) requires CaO＞52% (quality) S＜0.08% (quality), P＜0.02% (quality) activity 〉=300, and digestion is abundant, not the residual grains thing.
Preferably, briquetting is of a size of 120*60*40mm in the step (2), and the briquetting consumption of this kind size is few, effective, the nickel recovery height.
The inventive point principle:
1, preparation red soil nickel ore carbothermic reduction additive has been realized the abundant reduction of NiO under lower temperature, has limited the reduction of FeO.For example contain under Ni1.44% (quality) the red soil nickel ore condition in employing, obtained to contain the ferronickel product of Ni12%-15% (quality).In order to obtain like products, adopt under existing three kinds of independent additive conditions, need with the nickel minerals that contains Ni2.2% (quality), ni content differs and reaches 52% in two kinds of nickel minerals.
The red soil nickel ore carbothermic reduction is formulated by the former powder of coal humic acid, niter mortar and small amount of N aOH with additive, and its collection reduction, stick and flux act on all over the body.Wherein the former powder of humic acids mainly plays the reductive agent effect, plays cohesive action again.It is by humic acids, fugitive constituent, fixed carbon and ash composition.The fugitive constituent and the fixed carbon that wherein contain C, H element are reductive agent.Be heated to more than 400 ℃, fugitive constituent is gasificated into and contains H
2And CH
4Gas, their equal tool reducing powers, H wherein
2Be strong reductant, and it is better than C in the reducing power below 800 ℃, for 460 ℃ of NiO that just begin to reduce, reduction reaction is: H
2+ NiO → Ni+H
2O, CH
4+ 4NiO → 4Ni+2H
2O+CO
2And for the FeO that could reduce more than 740 ℃, below 800 ℃, have reductive action hardly, thus can realize the NiO reduction in the red soil nickel ore, limit the purpose of FeO reduction simultaneously.Be not enough but depend merely on fugitive constituent, the carbon further reduction at high temperature of still needing.Because only more than 1340 ℃, after the red soil nickel ore fusing, the Ni that is fixed in the mineral lattice just can discharge, and generates amorphousness NiO, and this moment, C made further drastic reduction to it.At high temperature, FeO also is in the fast restore state in the ore deposit, and part FeO also is reduced, and enters in the product ferronickel, and Here it is, and the red soil nickel ore carbothermic reduction can not obtain pure nickel, can only obtain the ferronickel reason.But as long as carbon amount in the control additive, just can reach NiO by the purpose of partial reduction only of FeO in the abundant reduction while ore deposit.
2, utilize the former powder of humic acids and the acting in conjunction of niter mortar, invest the agglomerate good strength, saved existing binding agent.Humic acids dissolves in rare NaOH aqueous solution, forms the Sodium salts humic acids aqueous solution, and it is the colloid (it is the briquette binder principal constituent that humic acids is received) of tool viscosity, can invest material piece wet tenacity and dry strength; At high temperature behind dry distillation, it can form coking carbonaceous point between the mineral powder, and they are linked together, forms certain hot strength.
After CaO in the lime adds water digestion, the Ca of generation (OH)
2Slurry, also the certain viscosity of tool can make the breeze briquetting form.Be heated to more than 600 ℃, regenerating active bigger CaO after the dehydration, it and above-mentioned CH
4CO in the reduction NiO product
2Effect generates CaCO
3(CaO+CO
2→ CaCO
3), CaCO
3Separate out and crystallization, also the mineral powder is linked together.
Because humic acids and the acting in conjunction that digests lime white make agglomerate have enough intensity, thereby have cancelled the special binding agent wilkinite of existing usefulness.
3, brought into play the promotion reductive action of CaO:
Mainly containing the Ni mineral in the red soil nickel ore is to contain the serpentine of Ni and contain the Ni talcum, and they are rich magnesium silicate mines, contain 40% (quality)-50% (quality) SiO
2Be the SiO by NiO, FeO, MgO and the acidity of alkalescence
2The complex oxide ore deposit that combines.NiO is reduced into metal Ni, at first be its from silicate " liberation " will be come out, and second step just allowed they and reductive agent effect, was reduced.
Digestion lime Ca (OH)
2, can dewater more than 600 ℃ CaO, Ca (OH)
2→ CaO+H
2O ↑, the higher chemically reactive of CaO tool that has just decomposited, and have than NiO and have more strong basicity, thereby, can capture the SiO that contains in the Ni silicate
2Generate Calucium Silicate powder, thereby NiO is discharged, promote the reduction of NiO.And make flux with ready-made lime, because the activity of the CaO that burns till already disappears the above-mentioned reaction of difficult participation.According to another the document introduction, at high temperature, the amorphous NiO that lime discharges, can with the ore deposit in free SiO
2Chemical combination generates more stable silicic acid nickel, and the reduction ratio of Ni is descended.Therefore, the former powder of an amount of humic acids matches with slaked lime, has realized the abundant reduction of the Ni under the lesser temps, make reduction temperature by in the existing electric furnace 1650 ℃ be down to 1400 ℃, and the reduction ratio of Ni is risen to more than 95% (quality) by＜90% (quality).
Advantage of the present invention: have the advantage that consumption is few, price is low, nickel recovery is high.
Embodiment
The enforcement of the technical program is described with specific embodiment below.
A kind of red soil nickel ore carbothermic reduction additive comprises:
(1) 8～10 part of former powder of (quality) coal humic acid adds 0.2～0.3 part of (quality) NaOH and 1.5～2.2 parts of (quality) water, stir 0.5h and carry out the sodium processing, wherein contain fixed carbon 40%～50% (quality) in the former powder of coal humic acids, fugitive constituent 40%～45% (quality), granularity 100～160 orders.Meanwhile, 10～14 parts (quality) new fresh lime is added 2.5 parts of (quality)～3 part (quality) water carry out digestion process formation slurry, new fresh lime requires CaO＞52% (quality) S＜0.08% (quality), P＜0.02% (quality) activity 〉=300, digestion is abundant, not the residual grains thing.
(2) above-mentioned both mix to mix well and can add in the red soil nickel ore powder, mixing briquetting, or sealing deposits standbyly, briquetting is of a size of 120*60*40mm.
Embodiment one:
Red soil nickel ore composition (mass percent) Ni1.34%, Fe10.8%, MgO30.03%, SiO241% granularity≤0.5mm accounts for 90%, 0.5mm～5mm and accounts for 10%.100 parts in batching (mass fraction) red soil nickel ore powder, 22 parts of multifunction additives, 3 parts in water.The mixing briquetting, 1400 ℃ * 2h reduction in electric furnace, cold back crushing-magnetic selection goes out 10.4 parts of ferronickels, 81 parts of slags.Through chemical analysis, contain Ni12.3% (quality) in the ferronickel, residual Ni0.072% (quality) in the slag, the rate of recovery 95% of Ni.
Embodiment two:
Red soil nickel ore composition (mass percent): Ni1.46%, Fe10.2%, MgO39.5%, SiO242.6%.Batching (mass fraction): 100 parts of red soil nickel ores, 23 parts of multifunction additives, 2.5 parts in water.
The mixing briquetting, 1400 ℃ * 2h reduction in electric furnace, cold back crushing-magnetic selection goes out 10.2 parts of ferronickels, 80.5 parts of slags.Contain Ni13.1% (quality) in the chemical analysis ferronickel, in the slag residual Ni0.068% (quality), the Ni rate of recovery 96%.
The above; only be the specific embodiment of the present invention, but protection scope of the present invention is not limited thereto, anyly is familiar with those skilled in the art in the technical scope that the present invention discloses; can expect easily changing or replacing, all should be encompassed within protection scope of the present invention.Therefore, protection scope of the present invention should be as the criterion with the protection domain of described claim.
Claims (4)
1. a red soil nickel ore carbothermic reduction additive is characterized in that, comprising:
(1) 8～10 part of former powder of (quality) coal humic acid adds 0.2～0.3 part of (quality) NaOH and 1.5～2.2 parts of (quality) water, stir 0.5h and carry out the sodium processing, meanwhile, 10～14 parts (quality) new fresh lime is added 2.5 parts of (quality)～3 part (quality) water and carry out digestion process formation slurry;
(2) above-mentioned both mix to mix well and can add in the red soil nickel ore powder, mixing briquetting, or sealing is deposited standby.
2. a kind of red soil nickel ore carbothermic reduction additive according to claim 1 is characterized in that, contains fixed carbon 40%～50% (quality), fugitive constituent 40%～45% (quality), granularity 100～160 orders in the former powder of coal humic acids in the step (1).
3. a kind of red soil nickel ore carbothermic reduction additive according to claim 1, it is characterized in that the new fresh lime of step (1) requires CaO＞52% (quality) S＜0.08% (quality), P＜0.02% (quality) activity 〉=300, digestion is abundant, not the residual grains thing.
4. a kind of red soil nickel ore carbothermic reduction additive according to claim 1 is characterized in that, briquetting is of a size of 120*60*40mm in the step (2).
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| CN201310214245.XA CN103255292B (en) | 2013-05-22 | 2013-05-22 | A kind of red soil nickel ore carbothermic reduction additive |
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|---|---|---|---|
| CN201310214245.XA CN103255292B (en) | 2013-05-22 | 2013-05-22 | A kind of red soil nickel ore carbothermic reduction additive |
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| CN103255292A true CN103255292A (en) | 2013-08-21 |
| CN103255292B CN103255292B (en) | 2015-08-26 |
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Cited By (1)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN103526026A (en) * | 2013-09-27 | 2014-01-22 | 泰州永兴合金材料科技有限公司 | Additive for directly reducing nickel laterite ores and application of additive |
Citations (4)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN1924034A (en) * | 2005-09-01 | 2007-03-07 | 中南大学 | Method of producing high grade magnetic concentrate from sulfuric-acid residue composite pellet |
| CN101033515A (en) * | 2007-04-16 | 2007-09-12 | 中南大学 | Process for preparing nickel ferroalloy by melting and reducing laterite nickel ore |
| CN101230416A (en) * | 2008-02-22 | 2008-07-30 | 张若鹏 | Cheap highly effective binder for pellet ore and preparation method thereof |
| CN101638718A (en) * | 2008-07-28 | 2010-02-03 | 宝山钢铁股份有限公司 | High burst temperature carbonic pellet |
-
2013
- 2013-05-22 CN CN201310214245.XA patent/CN103255292B/en not_active Expired - Fee Related
Patent Citations (4)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN1924034A (en) * | 2005-09-01 | 2007-03-07 | 中南大学 | Method of producing high grade magnetic concentrate from sulfuric-acid residue composite pellet |
| CN101033515A (en) * | 2007-04-16 | 2007-09-12 | 中南大学 | Process for preparing nickel ferroalloy by melting and reducing laterite nickel ore |
| CN101230416A (en) * | 2008-02-22 | 2008-07-30 | 张若鹏 | Cheap highly effective binder for pellet ore and preparation method thereof |
| CN101638718A (en) * | 2008-07-28 | 2010-02-03 | 宝山钢铁股份有限公司 | High burst temperature carbonic pellet |
Cited By (1)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN103526026A (en) * | 2013-09-27 | 2014-01-22 | 泰州永兴合金材料科技有限公司 | Additive for directly reducing nickel laterite ores and application of additive |
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| CN103255292B (en) | 2015-08-26 |
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