CN103255292B - A kind of red soil nickel ore carbothermic reduction additive - Google Patents
A kind of red soil nickel ore carbothermic reduction additive Download PDFInfo
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- CN103255292B CN103255292B CN201310214245.XA CN201310214245A CN103255292B CN 103255292 B CN103255292 B CN 103255292B CN 201310214245 A CN201310214245 A CN 201310214245A CN 103255292 B CN103255292 B CN 103255292B
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- nickel ore
- soil nickel
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Abstract
A kind of red soil nickel ore carbothermic reduction additive, comprise (1) 8 ~ 10 part of former powder of (quality) coal humic acid and add 0.2 ~ 0.3 part of (quality) NaOH and 1.5 ~ 2.2 part of (quality) water, stir 0.5h and carry out sodium process, meanwhile, new to 10 ~ 14 parts (quality) fresh lime is added 2.5 parts of (quality) ~ 3 part (quality) water and carry out digestion process formation slurry; (2) both mixed mixing well above-mentioned can add in red soil nickel ore powder, mixing briquetting, or sealing is deposited for subsequent use; The present invention has the advantage that consumption is few, price is low, nickel recovery is high.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to Metal smelting technical field, be specifically related to a kind of red soil nickel ore carbothermic reduction additive.
Background technology
Current red soil nickel ore carbothermic reduction additive has three classes: first kind carbonaceous reducing agent, as coal dust, and coke powder.Utilize wherein institute's carbon containing to remove to capture the oxygen of NiO in ore deposit, make it be reduced into metal; Equations of The Second Kind is binding agent, mainly wilkinite, and it gives agglomerate wet tenacity, dry strength and hot strength, makes agglomerate not broken not efflorescence under carrying, entering stove and high temperature; 3rd class flux mainly lime, it reduces gangue fusing point in ore deposit, makes it melt and forms slag and metal separation.This three classes additive current is all applied to independent state in the agglomeration of red soil nickel ore and goes, its defect is: each self-applying 1, only emphasizing every class additive, not from the consideration of getting on that mutually acts synergistically, can not give full play to their effect, not only add-on is large, and effect is also poor.For often smelting one ton of ferro-nickel product, needing the situation of about 10 tons red soil nickel ores, larger supplies consumption and energy dissipation can be caused.Effect is poor, residual Ni amount can examine from slag, even if under 1650 DEG C of high-temperature electric resistance furnace reductive conditions, add separately three class additives, in slag, residual Ni amount reaches 0.15% ~ 0.2% (quality), for the red soil nickel ore containing Ni only 1.3% ~ 1.8% (quality), the Ni lost in slag reaches 11% ~ 15% (quality), quite can show.China's red soil nickel ore used almost all relies on import, and this loss is flagrant.2, reductive agent is selected unreasonable.In the early stage smelting of red soil nickel ore, adopt coke powder to make reductive agent, partly or entirely replaced coke powder with pulverized anthracite afterwards.Their major ingredient is fixed carbon, and the reductive action of carbon mainly plays in high temperature (> 1200 DEG C) scope, and now, NiO and FeO in nickel minerals all enters fast restore state.Rising containing Fe amount in ferro-nickel product can be caused, the adverse consequences that Ni content declines.Do not meet in smelting laterite-nickel ores and require that NiO fully reduces at low temperature, the high temperature reduction principle of restriction FeO.3, the negative interaction of binding agent is made with wilkinite.The adding purpose of flux lime is and excessive SiO2 chemical combination in ore deposit, forms the slag liquid that fusing point is lower, viscosity is lower, promotes that slag/gold is separated, obtains the metal of not slag inclusion.Bentonitic main composition is SiO2 [content reaches 60% (quality) ~ 70% (quality)], and it adds with binding agent form, and SiO2 content in material can be made to raise, therewith with entering, synchronously must increase lime adding amount, material total amount is strengthened, energy consumption rises.
Summary of the invention
The invention provides and provide a kind of red soil nickel ore carbothermic reduction additive, solve the problem of reduced nickel weak effect in smelting laterite-nickel ores, output material, it has few low, the advantage that the ferronickel efficiency that obtains of reducing is high of consumption, and concrete technical scheme is as follows:
A kind of red soil nickel ore carbothermic reduction additive, is characterized in that, comprising:
(1) 8 ~ 10 part of former powder of (quality) coal humic acid adds 0.2 ~ 0.3 part of (quality) NaOH and 1.5 ~ 2.2 part of (quality) water, stir 0.5h and carry out sodium process, meanwhile, new to 10 ~ 14 parts (quality) fresh lime is added 2.5 parts of (quality) ~ 3 part (quality) water and carry out digestion process formation slurry;
(2) both mixed mixing well above-mentioned can add in red soil nickel ore powder, mixing briquetting, or sealing is deposited for subsequent use.
Preferably, fixed carbon 40% ~ 50% (quality) is contained in the former powder of coal humic acids in step (1), fugitive constituent 40% ~ 45% (quality), granularity 100 ~ 160 order.
Preferably, the new fresh lime of step (1) requires CaO > 52% (quality), S < 0.08% (quality), P < 0.02% (quality), active >=300, digestion is abundant, not residual grains thing.
Preferably, in step (2), briquetting is of a size of 120*60*40mm, and the briquetting consumption of this kind of size is few, effective, and nickel recovery is high.
Inventive point principle:
1, prepare red soil nickel ore carbothermic reduction additive, achieve NiO compared with the abundant reduction under low temperature, limit the reduction of FeO.Such as under employing contains Ni1.44% (quality) red soil nickel ore condition, obtain the ferro-nickel product containing Ni12%-15% (quality).In order to obtain like products, under adopting existing three kinds of independent additive conditions, need with the nickel minerals containing Ni2.2% (quality), in two kinds of nickel minerals, ni content difference reaches 52%.
Red soil nickel ore carbothermic reduction additive is formulated by the former powder of coal humic acid, niter mortar and a small amount of NaOH, and its collection reduction, stick and flux act on all over the body.Wherein the former powder of humic acids mainly plays reductive agent effect, plays cohesive action again.It is by humic acids, fugitive constituent, fixed carbon and ash composition.Be wherein reductive agent containing C, the fugitive constituent of H element and fixed carbon.Be heated to more than 400 DEG C, fugitive constituent is gasificated into containing H
2and CH
4gas, their equal tool reducing powers, H wherein
2be strong reductant, and its reducing power below 800 DEG C is better than C, for the NiO that 460 DEG C just start to reduce, reduction reaction is: H
2+ NiO → Ni+H
2o, CH
4+ 4NiO → 4Ni+2H
2o+CO
2.And for the FeO that more than 740 DEG C could be reduced, below 800 DEG C, have reductive action hardly, thus the NiO reduction in red soil nickel ore can be realized, with the object of limit FeO reduction.But it is inadequate for depending merely on fugitive constituent, carbon further reduction at high temperature of still needing.Because only more than 1340 DEG C, after red soil nickel ore fusing, the Ni be fixed in mineral lattice just can discharge, and generate amorphousness NiO, now C makes further drastic reduction to it.At high temperature, in ore deposit, FeO is also in fast restore state, and part FeO is also reduced, and enters in product ferronickel, and Here it is, and red soil nickel ore carbothermic reduction can not obtain pure nickel, can only obtain ferronickel reason.If but control carbon amounts in additive, just can to reach the while that NiO being reduced sufficiently the object of the only partial reduction of FeO in ore deposit.
2, utilize the former powder of humic acids and the acting in conjunction of niter mortar, invest agglomerate good strength, eliminate existing binding agent.Humic acids dissolves in rare NaOH aqueous solution, and form the Sodium salts humic acids aqueous solution, it is the colloid (it is briquette binder principal constituent that humic acids is received) of tool viscosity, can invest material block wet tenacity and dry strength; At high temperature after dry distillation, it can form coking carbonaceous point at mineral powder intergranular, they is linked together, forms certain hot strength.
CaO in lime adds water after digestion, the Ca (OH) of generation
2slurry, the also certain viscosity of tool, can make breeze briquetting be formed.Be heated to more than 600 DEG C, after dehydration, regenerating active larger CaO, it and above-mentioned CH
4cO in reduction NiO product
2effect generates CaCO
3(CaO+CO
2→ CaCO
3), CaCO
3precipitation and crystallization, also mineral powder is linked together.
Due to humic acids and the acting in conjunction of digestion lime white, make agglomerate have enough intensity, thus eliminate the special binding agent wilkinite of existing use.
3, the promotion reductive action of CaO has been played:
Main in red soil nickel ore is that they are rich magnesium silicate ore deposits, containing 40% (quality)-50% (quality) SiO containing the serpentine of Ni with containing Ni talcum containing Ni mineral
2.By NiO, FeO, MgO of alkalescence and acid SiO
2the complex oxide ore deposit combined.NiO is reduced into W metal, be first will by it from " liberation " silicate out, and second step just allows they and reductive agent effect, is reduced.
Digestion lime Ca (OH)
2, can dewater to obtain CaO, Ca (OH) more than 600 DEG C
2→ CaO+H
2o ↑, the higher chemically reactive of CaO tool just decomposited, and have and have more strong basicity than NiO, thus, can capture containing the SiO in Ni silicate
2generate Calucium Silicate powder, thus NiO is discharged, promote the reduction of NiO.And make flux with ready-made lime, and because the activity of the CaO burnt till already disappears, the above-mentioned reaction of difficult participation.According to another document introduction, at high temperature, the amorphous NiO that lime discharges, meeting and free SiO in ore deposit
2chemical combination, generates more stable silicic acid nickel, and the reduction ratio of Ni is declined.Therefore, the former powder of appropriate humic acids matches with slaked lime, achieve the abundant reduction of the Ni under lesser temps, make reduction temperature by existing electric furnace 1650 DEG C be down to 1400 DEG C, and make the reduction ratio of Ni rise to more than 95% (quality) by < 90% (quality).
Advantage of the present invention: there is the advantage that consumption is few, price is low, nickel recovery is high.
Embodiment
The enforcement of the technical program is described with specific embodiment below.
A kind of red soil nickel ore carbothermic reduction additive, comprising:
(1) 8 ~ 10 part of former powder of (quality) coal humic acid adds 0.2 ~ 0.3 part of (quality) NaOH and 1.5 ~ 2.2 part of (quality) water, stir 0.5h and carry out sodium process, wherein contain fixed carbon 40% ~ 50% (quality) in the former powder of coal humic acids, fugitive constituent 40% ~ 45% (quality), granularity 100 ~ 160 order.Meanwhile, new to 10 ~ 14 parts (quality) fresh lime is added 2.5 parts of (quality) ~ 3 part (quality) water and carries out digestion process formation slurry, new fresh lime requires CaO > 52% (quality), S < 0.08% (quality), P < 0.02% (quality), active >=300, digestion is abundant, not residual grains thing.
(2) both mixed mixing well above-mentioned can add in red soil nickel ore powder, mixing briquetting, or sealing is deposited for subsequent use, and briquetting is of a size of 120*60*40mm.
Embodiment one:
Red soil nickel ore composition (mass percent) Ni1.34%, Fe10.8%, MgO30.03%, SiO241% granularity≤0.5mm accounts for 90%, 0.5mm ~ 5mm and accounts for 10%.100 parts, batching (mass fraction) red soil nickel ore powder, multifunction additive 22 parts, 3 parts, water.Mixing briquetting, in electric furnace, 1400 DEG C × 2h reduces, and cold rear crushing-magnetic selection goes out ferronickel 10.4 parts, slag 81 parts.Through chemical analysis, containing Ni 12.3% (quality) in ferronickel, residual Ni 0.072% (quality) in slag, the rate of recovery 95% of Ni.
Embodiment two:
Red soil nickel ore composition (mass percent): Ni1.46%, Fe10.2%, MgO39.5%, SiO242.6%.Batching (mass fraction): red soil nickel ore 100 parts, multifunction additive 23 parts, 2.5 parts, water.
Mixing briquetting, in electric furnace, 1400 DEG C × 2h reduces, and cold rear crushing-magnetic selection goes out ferronickel 10.2 parts, slag 80.5 parts.Containing Ni 13.1% (quality) in chemical analysis ferronickel, (quality) of residual Ni0.068% in slag, the Ni rate of recovery 96%.
The above; be only the specific embodiment of the present invention, but protection scope of the present invention is not limited thereto, is anyly familiar with those skilled in the art in the technical scope that the present invention discloses; change can be expected easily or replace, all should be encompassed within protection scope of the present invention.Therefore, protection scope of the present invention should be as the criterion with the protection domain of described claim.
Claims (4)
1. a red soil nickel ore carbothermic reduction additive, is characterized in that, comprising:
(1) 8 ~ 10 part of former powder of (quality) coal humic acid adds 0.2 ~ 0.3 part of (quality) NaOH and 1.5 ~ 2.2 part of (quality) water, stir 0.5h and carry out sodium process, meanwhile, new to 10 ~ 14 parts (quality) fresh lime is added 2.5 parts of (quality) ~ 3 part (quality) water and carry out digestion process formation slurry;
(2) both mixed mixing well above-mentioned can add in red soil nickel ore powder, mixing briquetting, or sealing is deposited for subsequent use.
2. a kind of red soil nickel ore carbothermic reduction additive according to claim 1, it is characterized in that, fixed carbon 40% ~ 50% (quality) is contained in the former powder of coal humic acids, fugitive constituent 40% ~ 45% (quality), granularity 100 ~ 160 order in step (1).
3. a kind of red soil nickel ore carbothermic reduction additive according to claim 1, it is characterized in that, the new fresh lime of step (1) requires CaO > 52% (quality), S < 0.08% (quality), P < 0.02% (quality), active >=300, digestion is abundant, not residual grains thing.
4. a kind of red soil nickel ore carbothermic reduction additive according to claim 1, is characterized in that, in step (2), briquetting is of a size of 120*60*40mm.
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|---|---|---|---|
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|---|---|---|---|
| CN201310214245.XA CN103255292B (en) | 2013-05-22 | 2013-05-22 | A kind of red soil nickel ore carbothermic reduction additive |
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| CN103255292A CN103255292A (en) | 2013-08-21 |
| CN103255292B true CN103255292B (en) | 2015-08-26 |
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| CN103526026A (en) * | 2013-09-27 | 2014-01-22 | 泰州永兴合金材料科技有限公司 | Additive for directly reducing nickel laterite ores and application of additive |
Citations (4)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN1924034A (en) * | 2005-09-01 | 2007-03-07 | 中南大学 | Method of producing high grade magnetic concentrate from sulfuric-acid residue composite pellet |
| CN101033515A (en) * | 2007-04-16 | 2007-09-12 | 中南大学 | Process for preparing nickel ferroalloy by melting and reducing laterite nickel ore |
| CN101230416A (en) * | 2008-02-22 | 2008-07-30 | 张若鹏 | Cheap highly effective binder for pellet ore and preparation method thereof |
| CN101638718A (en) * | 2008-07-28 | 2010-02-03 | 宝山钢铁股份有限公司 | High burst temperature carbonic pellet |
-
2013
- 2013-05-22 CN CN201310214245.XA patent/CN103255292B/en not_active Expired - Fee Related
Patent Citations (4)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN1924034A (en) * | 2005-09-01 | 2007-03-07 | 中南大学 | Method of producing high grade magnetic concentrate from sulfuric-acid residue composite pellet |
| CN101033515A (en) * | 2007-04-16 | 2007-09-12 | 中南大学 | Process for preparing nickel ferroalloy by melting and reducing laterite nickel ore |
| CN101230416A (en) * | 2008-02-22 | 2008-07-30 | 张若鹏 | Cheap highly effective binder for pellet ore and preparation method thereof |
| CN101638718A (en) * | 2008-07-28 | 2010-02-03 | 宝山钢铁股份有限公司 | High burst temperature carbonic pellet |
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