CN103253061B - Based on the historical building woodcarving restorative procedure of 3D technology - Google Patents
Based on the historical building woodcarving restorative procedure of 3D technology Download PDFInfo
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- CN103253061B CN103253061B CN201310060679.9A CN201310060679A CN103253061B CN 103253061 B CN103253061 B CN 103253061B CN 201310060679 A CN201310060679 A CN 201310060679A CN 103253061 B CN103253061 B CN 103253061B
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Abstract
The present invention relates to the restorative procedure of historical building woodcarving.Based on the historical building woodcarving restorative procedure of 3D technology, step one: the three-dimensional data obtaining woodcarving to be repaired; Step 2: according to the three-dimensional data obtained, set up the three dimensional computer modeling of woodcarving to be repaired; Step 3: computer simulation reparation is carried out to three dimensional computer modeling; Step 4: the three dimensional computer modeling after repairing is carried out 3D printing, obtained woodcarving model; Step 5: according to woodcarving model, repairs woodcarving to be repaired.The invention provides a kind of new historical building woodcarving restorative procedure, by the utilization of 3D technology, make the reparation of historical building woodcarving more scientific, tight and accurate.Meanwhile, by the preservation of the three-dimensional data to woodcarving to be repaired, record the preprosthetic state of woodcarving truly, avoid the destruction being difficult to save that repair process causes because of work mistake or misoperation.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to building protection recovery technique, be specifically related to the restorative procedure of historical building woodcarving.
Background technology
Woodcarving in historical building is abundant in content, gimmick is various, exquisite workmanship, is that characteristic feature and the important value of Chinese history building is formed.But through long weathering and artificial destruction, woodcarving is often incomplete.And existing recovery technique often two dimension, plane formula, renovation technique is then extensive style, final effect, entirely with the handicraft of workman, can not ensure that all reparations are all science, tightly and accurately, the repair process of many woodcarvings is a kind of artificial destruction process in fact.
Summary of the invention
The object of the invention is to, provide a kind of historical building woodcarving restorative procedure based on 3D technology, to solve the problem.
Technical matters solved by the invention can realize by the following technical solutions:
Based on the historical building woodcarving restorative procedure of 3D technology, it is characterized in that,
Step one: the three-dimensional data obtaining woodcarving to be repaired;
Step 2: according to the three-dimensional data obtained, set up the three dimensional computer modeling of woodcarving to be repaired;
Step 3: computer simulation reparation is carried out to three dimensional computer modeling;
Step 4: the three dimensional computer modeling after repairing is carried out 3D printing, obtained woodcarving model;
Step 5: according to woodcarving model, repairs woodcarving to be repaired.
The invention provides a kind of new historical building woodcarving restorative procedure, by the utilization of 3D technology, make the reparation of historical building woodcarving more scientific, tight and accurate.Meanwhile, by the preservation of the three-dimensional data to woodcarving to be repaired, record the preprosthetic state of woodcarving truly, avoid the destruction being difficult to save that repair process causes because of work mistake or misoperation.
In order to protect historical building woodcarving further, after step 5, can increase by a step, i.e. step 6: carry out protective treatment on the woodcarving surface of repairing.Preferably, the clear or tung oil of water white dumb light is coated with, to protect at the woodcarving surface lacquer repaired.
In step one, the three-dimensional data of woodcarving to be repaired can be obtained by the mode of 3 D laser scanning.Three-dimensional data can comprise spatial shape and the detail data of woodcarving.Three-dimensional laser scanner can be adopted to carry out 3 D laser scanning.Three-dimensional laser scanner can be the pulsed three-dimensional laser scanner based on pulse, also can be the three-dimensional laser scanner based on phase differential, can also be the three-dimensional laser scanner based on range of triangle principle.Three-dimensional laser scanner mainly comprises 3D scanning system and dual camera sensor.
In step 2, the three dimensional computer modeling of woodcarving to be repaired can be preserved in a computer, in this, as the foundation of follow-up reparation, and preserve as present situation data accurately.
In step 4, preferably according to moulded dimension: the ratio of full size=1:1 carries out 3D printing.For large part woodcarving, the mode that scale down prints can be adopted.Using the foundation of printer model as craftsman's site operation.In step 5, repair materials adopts the material identical with the material that log is carved.Can adopt and inlay the mode that timber carves again and repair.Color allows close to and slightly difference, the requirement of " far away see consistent, closely see coordination " reaching.The process of field repair, can using 3 D laser scanning model or printer model as the accurate foundation of again repairing as damaged original woodcarving, for remedying because the woodcarving that work mistake or misoperation cause destroys.In order to make reparation more accurate, the mode of successively repairing can being adopted, by repeating step one to step 5, successively repairing.After adopting this kind of method, the three dimensional computer modeling after being repaired by adjacent twice simulation of comparison, can obtain the accuracy that this layer is repaired.
Also passable, in step 4, according to moulded dimension: the ratio of full size=1:1 carries out 3D printing, obtained woodcarving model, can will repair part according to moulded dimension: the ratio that full size is less than or equal to 98:100 carries out 3D printing, the obtained repairing model repairing part; In step 5, repairing model is pasted onto in woodcarving to be repaired, according to woodcarving model, surface treatment is carried out to repairing model, complete the reparation to woodcarving to be repaired.The material object of reparation part is less than fact damaged part, can there is space therebetween, and space is filled by bonding agent, decorative material or other auxiliary material.
The repairing model of woodcarving model, reparation part, all can adopt lamination layer structure, and described lamination layer structure comprises model internal layer, model is outer.Like this, described ectonexine separately, just can reduce the requirement to internal layer material, and model internal layer just can the lower cheap material of use cost.Thus can maintenance cost be reduced.Can by the outer field mode of model internal layer sticker model printed, the repairing model of obtained woodcarving model, reparation part.The outer field material of model is preferably identical with the outer field material of woodcarving.
3D print system printer model can be used.3D print system is provided with at least two containers and two corresponding spray equipments, accommodates magnesium phosphate cement as material container in containers described at least one, containing potassium dihydrogen phosphate, magnesium oxide in described magnesium phosphate cement;
The spray equipment connected is as material spray equipment; Accommodate water in containers described at least one, as water receptacle, the spray equipment connected is as water spray equipment;
First on print platform, spray the magnesium phosphate cement in one deck material container, formed one material bed, then the cross section structure of printing objects sprays water as required, magnesium phosphate cement meets water after-hardening, after sclerosis, the magnesium phosphate cement powder do not reacted with water is removed, required model can be obtained.
The water-soluble aobvious acidity of potassium dihydrogen phosphate, the water-soluble aobvious alkalescence of magnesium oxide, the hydration reaction of magnesium phosphate cement is the acid-base neutralization reaction based on potassium dihydrogen phosphate and magnesium oxide.When after magnesium phosphate cement and water mix, the potassium dihydrogen phosphate in magnesium phosphate cement is first soluble in water, and will ionize rapidly generation H+ and PO43-, makes solution be faintly acid; Under mildly acidic conditions, MgO dissolving generation Mg2+, dissolves and Mg2+ and K+, the PO43-be diffused in liquid phase reacts rapidly generation unbodied magnesium-potassium phosphate complex compound hydrated gel, i.e. phosphate hydrated product MgKPO4.6H2O.Along with the carrying out of reaction, product is crystallization gradually.
Because magnesium oxide in system is superfluous, the product of precipitation just covers mgo surface, forms one deck hydrated product film and magnesia particle is closely connected to one.Along with the continuation of reaction, K+ and PO43-in solution progressively penetrates into MgO particle surface through hydrated product film, forms more hydrated product, and crystallization produces volumetric expansion and causes hydrated product film rupture.MgO is exposed to again in acid solution, and hydration reaction speed is accelerated again, generates a large amount of hydrated products.Along with being on the increase of hyrate, each other contact and adhesion make magnesium phosphate cement slurry become one with MgO particle be framework, the crystalline texture net that is main binding material with phosphate hyrate, thus make magnesium phosphate cement be hardened to the hardenite of very strong mechanical performance.
In described magnesium phosphate cement, potassium dihydrogen phosphate is preferably technical grade, and purity is 99.8%; Magnesium oxide purity is preferably 85%.First, potassium dihydrogen phosphate and borax are processed 12h with drying facility drying respectively, and temperature is 50 DEG C; Dried potassium dihydrogen phosphate and borax are crossed 150 μm of square hole screens respectively, ensures that screen over-size is no more than 10%; The potassium dihydrogen phosphate processed and borax are deposited separately under sealing, dry condition, and each component coordinates can be prepared into magnesium phosphate cement by proper proportion.
Also containing borax in described magnesium phosphate cement, borax is preferably as technical grade, and purity is 95%.Borax is the conventional retardant of magnesium phosphate cement, borax dissolves the B4O72-rapid adsorption of generation to MgO particle surface, form one deck based on the hydrated product layer of B4O72-and Mg2+, hinder the dissolving of MgO and the contact of K+, PO43-and MgO particle, reach the object to magnesium phosphate cement slow setting.
The slurry formed to prevent magnesium phosphate cement and water uncured completely before be out of shape, print platform is a box-like print platform, and the opening of described box-like print platform is towards spray equipment.
In repair, conveniently operate, three-dimensional laser scanner connects computing machine, and computing machine connects 3D print system.Such spatial digitizer, computing machine, 3D print system just can share a CPU, reduce the total cost of system.Also facilitate on-site working simultaneously.
Embodiment
The technological means realized to make the present invention, creation characteristic, reaching object and effect is easy to understand, setting forth the present invention further below.
Based on the historical building woodcarving restorative procedure of 3D technology, step one: the three-dimensional data obtaining woodcarving to be repaired.The three-dimensional data of woodcarving to be repaired can be obtained by the mode of 3 D laser scanning.Three-dimensional data can comprise spatial shape and the detail data of woodcarving.Three-dimensional laser scanner can be adopted to carry out 3 D laser scanning.Three-dimensional laser scanner can be the pulsed three-dimensional laser scanner based on pulse, also can be the three-dimensional laser scanner based on phase differential, can also be the three-dimensional laser scanner based on range of triangle principle.Three-dimensional laser scanner mainly comprises 3D scanning system and dual camera sensor.
Step 2: according to the three-dimensional data obtained, set up the three dimensional computer modeling of woodcarving to be repaired.The three dimensional computer modeling of woodcarving to be repaired can be preserved in a computer, in this, as the foundation of follow-up reparation, and preserve as present situation data accurately.
Step 3: computer simulation reparation is carried out to three dimensional computer modeling.Can by the research to the details of the three dimensional computer modeling of woodcarving to be repaired, the contrast of woodcarving of the same type, the guidance of experienced technology craftsman, simulates the state after woodcarving reparation in a computer, and please historical relic's protection be expounded through peer review, determine embodiment.Can present situation be kept to recovery according to insufficient woodcarving, will not repair.
Step 4: the three dimensional computer modeling after repairing is carried out 3D printing, obtained woodcarving model.Preferably according to moulded dimension: the ratio of full size=1:1 carries out 3D printing.For large part woodcarving, the mode that scale down prints can be adopted.Using the foundation of printer model as craftsman's site operation.
Step 5: according to woodcarving model, repairs woodcarving to be repaired.The reparation of on-the-spot craftsman should be carried out in strict accordance with woodcarving model, the materials and process that materials and process adopts log to carve as far as possible.Color allows close to and slightly difference, the requirement of " far away see consistent, closely see coordination " reaching.Woodcarving weathering is lighter, adopts and inlays the mode that timber carves again, and weathering is comparatively large and not restore foundation, can temporarily not repair.The process of field repair, can using 3 D laser scanning model or printer model as the accurate foundation of again repairing as damaged original woodcarving, for remedying because the woodcarving that work mistake or misoperation cause destroys.
In order to make reparation more accurate, the mode of successively repairing can being adopted, by repeating step one to step 5, successively repairing.After adopting this kind of method, the three dimensional computer modeling after being repaired by adjacent twice simulation of comparison, can obtain the accuracy that this layer is repaired.
In order to protect historical building woodcarving further, after step 5, can increase by a step, i.e. step 6: adopt the painting of water white transparency matte varnish or tung oil brush to protect for twice on the woodcarving surface of repairing.
In step 4, the three dimensional computer modeling after reparation is carried out 3D printing, while obtained woodcarving model, part can be repaired according to moulded dimension: the ratio that full size is less than or equal to 98:100 carries out 3D printing, the repairing model of obtained reparation part.In step 5, make in the ratio of 1:1 the material object repairing part according to repairing model, the material object of reparation part is pasted in woodcarving to be repaired, according to floriation model, surface treatment is carried out to reparation part, complete the reparation to woodcarving to be repaired.
The material object of reparation part is less than fact damaged part, can there is space therebetween, and space is filled by bonding agent, decorative material or other auxiliary material.
The repairing model of woodcarving model, reparation part, all can adopt lamination layer structure, and lamination layer structure comprises model internal layer, model is outer.Like this, ectonexine separately, just can reduce the requirement to internal layer material, and model internal layer just can the lower cheap material of use cost.Thus can maintenance cost be reduced.Can by the outer field mode of model internal layer sticker model printed, the repairing model of obtained woodcarving model, reparation part.The outer field material of model is preferably identical with the outer field material of woodcarving.
3D print system printer model can be used.3D print system is provided with at least two containers and two corresponding spray equipments, accommodates magnesium phosphate cement as material container at least one containers, containing potassium dihydrogen phosphate, magnesium oxide in magnesium phosphate cement;
The spray equipment connected is as material spray equipment; Accommodate water at least one containers, as water receptacle, the spray equipment connected is as water spray equipment;
First on print platform, spray the magnesium phosphate cement in one deck material container, formed one material bed, then the cross section structure of printing objects sprays water as required, magnesium phosphate cement meets water after-hardening, after sclerosis, the magnesium phosphate cement powder do not reacted with water is removed, required model can be obtained.
The water-soluble aobvious acidity of potassium dihydrogen phosphate, the water-soluble aobvious alkalescence of magnesium oxide, the hydration reaction of magnesium phosphate cement is the acid-base neutralization reaction based on potassium dihydrogen phosphate and magnesium oxide.When after magnesium phosphate cement and water mix, the potassium dihydrogen phosphate in magnesium phosphate cement is first soluble in water, and will ionize rapidly generation H+ and PO43-, makes solution be faintly acid; Under mildly acidic conditions, MgO dissolving generation Mg2+, dissolves and Mg2+ and K+, the PO43-be diffused in liquid phase reacts rapidly generation unbodied magnesium-potassium phosphate complex compound hydrated gel, i.e. phosphate hydrated product MgKPO4.6H2O.Along with the carrying out of reaction, product is crystallization gradually.
Because magnesium oxide in system is superfluous, the product of precipitation just covers mgo surface, forms one deck hydrated product film and magnesia particle is closely connected to one.Along with the continuation of reaction, K+ and PO43-in solution progressively penetrates into MgO particle surface through hydrated product film, forms more hydrated product, and crystallization produces volumetric expansion and causes hydrated product film rupture.MgO is exposed to again in acid solution, and hydration reaction speed is accelerated again, generates a large amount of hydrated products.Along with being on the increase of hyrate, each other contact and adhesion make magnesium phosphate cement slurry become one with MgO particle be framework, the crystalline texture net that is main binding material with phosphate hyrate, thus make magnesium phosphate cement be hardened to the hardenite of very strong mechanical performance.
In magnesium phosphate cement, potassium dihydrogen phosphate is preferably technical grade, and purity is 99.8%; Magnesium oxide purity is preferably 85%.First, potassium dihydrogen phosphate and borax are processed 12h with drying facility drying respectively, and temperature is 50 DEG C; Dried potassium dihydrogen phosphate and borax are crossed 150 μm of square hole screens respectively, ensures that screen over-size is no more than 10%; The potassium dihydrogen phosphate processed and borax are deposited separately under sealing, dry condition, and each component coordinates can be prepared into magnesium phosphate cement by proper proportion.
Also containing borax in magnesium phosphate cement, borax is preferably as technical grade, and purity is 95%.Borax is the conventional retardant of magnesium phosphate cement, borax dissolves the B4O72-rapid adsorption of generation to MgO particle surface, form one deck based on the hydrated product layer of B4O72-and Mg2+, hinder the dissolving of MgO and the contact of K+, PO43-and MgO particle, reach the object to magnesium phosphate cement slow setting.
The slurry formed to prevent magnesium phosphate cement and water uncured completely before be out of shape, print platform is a box-like print platform, and the opening of box-like print platform is towards spray equipment.
In repair, conveniently operate, three-dimensional laser scanner connects computing machine, and computing machine connects 3D print system.Such spatial digitizer, computing machine, 3D print system just can share a CPU, reduce the total cost of system.Also facilitate on-site working simultaneously.
More than show and describe ultimate principle of the present invention and principal character and advantage of the present invention.The technician of the industry should understand; the present invention is not restricted to the described embodiments; what describe in above-described embodiment and instructions just illustrates principle of the present invention; without departing from the spirit and scope of the present invention; the present invention also has various changes and modifications, and these changes and improvements all fall in the claimed scope of the invention.Application claims protection domain is defined by appending claims and equivalent thereof.
Claims (8)
1., based on the historical building woodcarving restorative procedure of 3D technology, it is characterized in that,
Step one: the three-dimensional data obtaining woodcarving to be repaired;
Step 2: according to the three-dimensional data obtained, set up the three dimensional computer modeling of woodcarving to be repaired;
Step 3: computer simulation reparation is carried out to three dimensional computer modeling;
Step 4: the three dimensional computer modeling after repairing is carried out 3D printing, obtained woodcarving model;
Step 5: according to woodcarving model, repairs woodcarving to be repaired;
In step 4, according to moulded dimension: the ratio of full size=1:1 carries out 3D printing, obtained woodcarving model, will repair part according to moulded dimension: the ratio that full size is less than or equal to 98:100 carries out 3D printing, the obtained repairing model repairing part;
In step 5, repairing model is pasted onto in woodcarving to be repaired, according to woodcarving model, surface treatment is carried out to repairing model, complete the reparation to woodcarving to be repaired;
Adopting the mode of successively repairing, by repeating step one to step 5, successively repairing;
Use 3D print system printer model;
3D print system is provided with at least two containers and two corresponding spray equipments, accommodates magnesium phosphate cement as material container in containers described at least one, containing potassium dihydrogen phosphate, magnesium oxide in described magnesium phosphate cement;
The spray equipment connected is as material spray equipment; Accommodate water in containers described at least one, as water receptacle, the spray equipment connected is as water spray equipment;
First on print platform, spray the magnesium phosphate cement in one deck material container, formed one material bed, then the cross section structure of printing objects sprays water as required, magnesium phosphate cement meets water after-hardening, after sclerosis, the magnesium phosphate cement powder do not reacted with water is removed, required model can be obtained.
2. the historical building woodcarving restorative procedure based on 3D technology according to claim 1, be is characterized in that: in step one, is obtained the three-dimensional data of woodcarving to be repaired by the mode of 3 D laser scanning.
3. the historical building woodcarving restorative procedure based on 3D technology according to claim 1, is characterized in that: in step 2, is preserved in a computer by the three dimensional computer modeling of woodcarving to be repaired.
4. the historical building woodcarving restorative procedure based on 3D technology according to claim 1, is characterized in that: in step 5, adopts to inlay the mode that timber carves again and repair.
5. the historical building woodcarving restorative procedure based on 3D technology according to claim 1, it is characterized in that: the repairing model repairing part, adopt lamination layer structure, described lamination layer structure comprises model internal layer, model is outer, by the outer field mode of model internal layer sticker model printed, the obtained repairing model repairing part, the outer field material of model is identical with the outer field material of woodcarving.
6. the historical building woodcarving restorative procedure based on 3D technology as claimed in any of claims 1 to 5, is characterized in that: print platform is a box-like print platform, and the opening of box-like print platform is towards spray equipment.
7. the historical building woodcarving restorative procedure based on 3D technology as claimed in any of claims 1 to 5, it is characterized in that: adopt three-dimensional laser scanner to obtain the three-dimensional data of woodcarving to be repaired, utilize computing machine to set up three dimensional computer modeling, described three-dimensional laser scanner, described computing machine connect 3D print system;
Spatial digitizer, computing machine, 3D print system share a CPU.
8. the historical building woodcarving restorative procedure based on 3D technology as claimed in any of claims 1 to 5, it is characterized in that: step 6: carry out protective treatment on the woodcarving surface of repairing, be coated with the clear or tung oil of water white dumb light at the woodcarving surface lacquer repaired, protect.
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Families Citing this family (8)
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| CN104416572A (en) * | 2013-08-26 | 2015-03-18 | 郑西涛 | 3D printing robot based on industry manipulator |
| CN108109212B (en) * | 2016-11-25 | 2022-02-11 | 阿里巴巴集团控股有限公司 | Cultural relic restoration method, device and system |
| CN107856467A (en) * | 2017-11-02 | 2018-03-30 | 成都金川田农机制造有限公司 | A kind of woodcarving method |
| CN108166774B (en) * | 2017-12-30 | 2019-12-27 | 广州市第三建筑装修有限公司 | Construction method for repairing and repairing construction woodwork |
| CN108673693B (en) * | 2018-05-18 | 2021-01-15 | 闫星佐 | Manufacturing method of log house |
| CN113250480B (en) * | 2021-04-25 | 2023-01-31 | 重庆市工程管理有限公司 | BIM technology-based ancient building repairing method |
| CN113821854A (en) * | 2021-09-16 | 2021-12-21 | 中国建筑第八工程局有限公司 | Method for repairing existing industrial factory building production equipment |
| CN114396170A (en) * | 2021-11-30 | 2022-04-26 | 上海建为历保科技股份有限公司 | Technology for repairing ancient architecture woodcarving decay |
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Effective date of registration: 20180716 Address after: 201306 room 303-77, 333 West Road, Pudong New Area, Shanghai Patentee after: Shanghai was established as Polytron Technologies Inc Address before: 201306 room 303-77, 333 West Road, Pudong New Area, Shanghai Patentee before: Shanghai Jianwei Building Renovation Engineering Co., Ltd. |