CN103243203A - 4Cr13不锈钢制粒机环模的热处理工艺 - Google Patents
4Cr13不锈钢制粒机环模的热处理工艺 Download PDFInfo
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- CN103243203A CN103243203A CN201310182826XA CN201310182826A CN103243203A CN 103243203 A CN103243203 A CN 103243203A CN 201310182826X A CN201310182826X A CN 201310182826XA CN 201310182826 A CN201310182826 A CN 201310182826A CN 103243203 A CN103243203 A CN 103243203A
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- circular mould
- mould
- quenching
- stainless steel
- temperature
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- 239000010935 stainless steel Substances 0.000 title claims abstract description 13
- 238000010438 heat treatment Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 12
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 11
- 238000010791 quenching Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 26
- 230000000171 quenching Effects 0.000 claims abstract description 22
- 238000005496 tempering Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 15
- 239000000463 material Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 9
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- XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N water Substances data:image/svg+xml;base64,PD94bWwgdmVyc2lvbj0nMS4wJyBlbmNvZGluZz0naXNvLTg4NTktMSc/Pgo8c3ZnIHZlcnNpb249JzEuMScgYmFzZVByb2ZpbGU9J2Z1bGwnCiAgICAgICAgICAgICAgeG1sbnM9J2h0dHA6Ly93d3cudzMub3JnLzIwMDAvc3ZnJwogICAgICAgICAgICAgICAgICAgICAgeG1sbnM6cmRraXQ9J2h0dHA6Ly93d3cucmRraXQub3JnL3htbCcKICAgICAgICAgICAgICAgICAgICAgIHhtbG5zOnhsaW5rPSdodHRwOi8vd3d3LnczLm9yZy8xOTk5L3hsaW5rJwogICAgICAgICAgICAgICAgICB4bWw6c3BhY2U9J3ByZXNlcnZlJwp3aWR0aD0nMzAwcHgnIGhlaWdodD0nMzAwcHgnIHZpZXdCb3g9JzAgMCAzMDAgMzAwJz4KPCEtLSBFTkQgT0YgSEVBREVSIC0tPgo8cmVjdCBzdHlsZT0nb3BhY2l0eToxLjA7ZmlsbDojRkZGRkZGO3N0cm9rZTpub25lJyB3aWR0aD0nMzAwLjAnIGhlaWdodD0nMzAwLjAnIHg9JzAuMCcgeT0nMC4wJz4gPC9yZWN0Pgo8dGV4dCB4PScxMDAuNScgeT0nMTcwLjAnIGNsYXNzPSdhdG9tLTAnIHN0eWxlPSdmb250LXNpemU6NDBweDtmb250LXN0eWxlOm5vcm1hbDtmb250LXdlaWdodDpub3JtYWw7ZmlsbC1vcGFjaXR5OjE7c3Ryb2tlOm5vbmU7Zm9udC1mYW1pbHk6c2Fucy1zZXJpZjt0ZXh0LWFuY2hvcjpzdGFydDtmaWxsOiNFODQyMzUnID5IPC90ZXh0Pgo8dGV4dCB4PScxMjYuMScgeT0nMTg2LjAnIGNsYXNzPSdhdG9tLTAnIHN0eWxlPSdmb250LXNpemU6MjZweDtmb250LXN0eWxlOm5vcm1hbDtmb250LXdlaWdodDpub3JtYWw7ZmlsbC1vcGFjaXR5OjE7c3Ryb2tlOm5vbmU7Zm9udC1mYW1pbHk6c2Fucy1zZXJpZjt0ZXh0LWFuY2hvcjpzdGFydDtmaWxsOiNFODQyMzUnID4yPC90ZXh0Pgo8dGV4dCB4PScxMzguMCcgeT0nMTcwLjAnIGNsYXNzPSdhdG9tLTAnIHN0eWxlPSdmb250LXNpemU6NDBweDtmb250LXN0eWxlOm5vcm1hbDtmb250LXdlaWdodDpub3JtYWw7ZmlsbC1vcGFjaXR5OjE7c3Ryb2tlOm5vbmU7Zm9udC1mYW1pbHk6c2Fucy1zZXJpZjt0ZXh0LWFuY2hvcjpzdGFydDtmaWxsOiNFODQyMzUnID5PPC90ZXh0Pgo8L3N2Zz4K data:image/svg+xml;base64,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 O XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 5
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- OKTJSMMVPCPJKN-UHFFFAOYSA-N carbon Chemical compound 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Abstract
本发明设计了一种不锈钢制粒机环模的热处理方法。其特点在于：所述的制粒机环模材料为4Cr13钢，其热处理方法包括淬火+两次回火，其中淬火工艺为在M23C6型铬的碳化物开始溶入奥氏体的温度，增加一段保温时间，再随炉冷却到常规温度短时保温，然后在热油中淬火；第一次为250℃回火，保温时间5h，第二次为200℃回火，保温时间7h。其选用优质马氏体不锈钢为环模材料，有良好的耐磨性和耐腐蚀性，使用寿命较长，吨料环模费用最低。采用优化的淬火工艺得到的成分、组织和硬度比较均匀，减少了环模的变形和开裂；采用两次回火工艺充分有效地消除大尺寸环模中的残余应力。在实际生产中，采用新工艺处理后的4Cr13钢环模具有高的综合力学性能和高的抗磨料磨损能力，使用寿命有了明显的提高。
Description
4Cr1 3不锈钢制粒机环模的热处理工艺
技术领域
[0001] 本发明涉及一种不锈钢制粒机环模热处理工艺。
背景技术
[0002] 环模制粒机是饲料机械四大主机之一，在饲料加工过程中占有非常重要的地位。环模是制粒机的核心部件，是制粒机高价值的易损件，其质量的优劣直接影响使用方的经济效益。饲料通过模孔挤压成型，在使用过程中长期承受压辊的挤压力和物料的摩擦力，使之产生弯曲应力和接触压应力；同时在制粒过程中会混有铁质、钢珠、石块等杂质，导致环模的工作条件十分恶劣，容易导致环模失效。
[0003] 现有制粒机环模大多采用优质合金钢和高铬不锈钢，这些材料的刚度和韧性都较好，热处理是整体淬火,硬度大于HRC50，并具有良好的耐磨性和耐腐蚀性，使用寿命较长，吨料环模费用最低。但是当采用大尺寸锻坯制作的环模，有些使用寿命不到IOOh就会发现开裂，而且随着环模尺寸增大，开裂现象越严重。这是由于大尺寸环模锻造中遗留的缺陷(带状偏析、网状碳化物等)，采用常规热处理工艺不能完全消除，造成环模的开裂。根据生产实际与热处理理论相结合，环模锻后立即进行雾状水冷却，将其表面温度冷却至350〜400°C，可以抑制奥氏体中的碳化物析出，防止在奥氏体晶界上析出碳化物形成连续的网状碳化物，避免在晶界处发生开裂；在M23C6型铬的碳化物溶入奥氏体的加热温度，增加一段保温时间，有利于碳化物的溶解，增大碳和合金元素在钢中的扩散速率，保证成分的均匀性；随炉冷却到常规温度短时保温，并在热油中淬火，能够有效防止淬火温度过高和冷却速度太快造成的淬火裂纹的产生；采用两次回火工艺充分有效地消除大尺寸环模中的淬火残余应力，并能够析出大量弥散分布的碳化物颗粒，使其硬度大大提高。采用优化的淬火工艺得到的成分、组织和硬度比较均匀，减少了环模的变形和开裂，使其具有高的综合力学性能和高的抗磨料磨损能力。目前，许多生产厂家生产的环模都没有很好地解决这个实际问题，都面临着环模使用寿 命不高的困扰。
发明内容
[0004] 本发明的目的在于避免现有技术的不足之处而提供一种不锈钢制粒机环模热处理工艺，从而有效地解决了现有技术中存在的问题。
[0005] 本发明的目的可以通过采用以下技术方案来实现:所述的一种不锈钢制粒机环模热处理工艺，其特点在于:所述制粒机环模材料为4Cr 13马氏体型钢，其热处理方法包括有淬火和两次回火工艺，其热处理步骤如下:
[0006] (I)淬火阶段:环模锻后经雾状水冷却至350°C〜400°C时，将其在热处理炉中加热到M23C6型铬的碳化物开始溶入奥氏体的温度1080°C ±10°C，并增加一段保温时间30min〜40min,然后再随炉冷却到常规温度980°C 土 10°C下短时保温15min〜20min,随后将制粒机环模放入50°C的U8101型普通淬火油中进行淬火处理；
[0007] (2)回火阶段:将淬火后的制粒机环模在加热炉中加热到250°C ±10°C，保温时间5h后水冷至室温进行第一次回火处理；然后再将该环模加热到200°C ±10°C，保温时间7h后水冷至室温进行第二次回火处理。
[0008] 所述的一种不锈钢制粒机环模热处理工艺，其有益效果包括，有良好的耐磨性和耐腐蚀性，使用寿命较长，吨料环模费用最低。采用优化的淬火工艺得到的成分、组织和硬度比较均匀，减少了环模的变形和开裂；采用两次回火工艺充分有效地消除大尺寸环模中的残余应力。在实际生产中，采用新的回火工艺处理后的4Crl3钢环模具有高的综合力学性能和高的抗磨料磨损能力，使用寿命有了明显的提高。
附图说明
[0009] 图是本发明的4Crl3不锈钢制粒机环模热处理工艺图。
具体实施方式
[0010] 实施例1，所述的一种不锈钢制粒机环模热处理工艺，其特点在于:所述制粒机环模的材料为4Crl3马氏体型钢，其热处理方法包括有淬火和两次回火工艺，其热处理步骤如下:
[0011] (I)淬火阶段:环模锻后经雾状水冷却至350°C时，将其在热处理炉中加热到10800C，并保温30min，然后在980°C下保温20min，随后将制粒机环模放入50°C的U8101型普通淬火油中进行淬火处理；
[0012] (2)回火阶段:将淬火后的制粒机环模在加热炉中加热到250°C，保温时间5h后水冷至室温进行第一次回火处理；然后再将该环模加热到200°C，保温时间7h后水冷至室温进行第二次回火处理。
[0013] 实施例2，所述的一种不锈钢制粒机环模热处理工艺，其特点在于:所述制粒机环模的材料为4Crl3马氏体型钢，其热处理方法包括有淬火和两次回火工艺，其热处理步骤如下:
[0014] (I)淬火阶段:环模锻后经雾状水冷却至400°C时，将其在热处理炉中加热到10800C，并保温40min，然后在980°C下保温15min，随后将制粒机环模放入50°C的U8101型普通淬火油中进行淬火处理；
[0015] (2)回火阶段:将淬火后的制粒机环模在加热炉中加热到250°C，保温时间5h后水冷至室温进行第一次回火处理；然后再将该环模加热到200°C，保温时间7h后水冷至室温进行第二次回火处理。
[0016] 采用优化的热处理工艺后得到的组织和硬度比较均匀，减少了环模的变形和开裂，有效地消除大尺寸环模中的残余应力，使其具有高的综合力学性能和高的抗磨料磨损能力，使用寿命有了明显的提高。
Claims (1)
1.4Crl3不锈钢制粒机环模的热处理工艺，其特征在于:所述的制粒机环模材料为4Crl3马氏体型不锈钢，其热处理方法包括有淬火和两次回火工艺，其热处理步骤如下: (1)淬火阶段:环模锻后经雾状水冷却至350°C〜400°C时，将其在热处理炉中加热到M23C6型铬的碳化物开始溶入奥氏体的温度1080°C ±10°C，并保温30min〜40min，然后在.980°C ±10°C下保温15min〜20min，随后将环模放入50°C的U8101型普通淬火油中进行淬火处理； (2)回火阶段:将淬火后的制粒机环模在加热炉中加热到250°C ±10°C，保温时间5h后水冷至室温进行第一次回火处理；然后再将该环模加热到200°C ±10°C，保温时间7h后水冷至室温进行第二次回火处理。
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| CN104561453A (zh) * | 2013-10-11 | 2015-04-29 | 溧阳市永恒热处理有限公司 | 一种延长颗粒机模具使用寿命的方法 |
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| CN105039657A (zh) * | 2015-06-29 | 2015-11-11 | 江苏金基特钢有限公司 | 增强碳钢耐磨性能的方法 |
| CN105112633A (zh) * | 2015-09-16 | 2015-12-02 | 湖南财经工业职业技术学院 | Cr12钢制冷冲压模具热处理工艺 |
| CN105543452A (zh) * | 2016-01-19 | 2016-05-04 | 溧阳市金昆锻压有限公司 | 4Cr13环模的退火工艺 |
| CN107723422A (zh) * | 2017-11-28 | 2018-02-23 | 湖北工程职业学院 | 一种中碳马氏体耐酸不锈钢的热处理淬火工艺 |
| CN109182665A (zh) * | 2018-10-17 | 2019-01-11 | 东莞虹日金属科技有限公司 | 一种盖板零件防开裂的方法 |
| CN109680127A (zh) * | 2018-12-25 | 2019-04-26 | 江阴兴澄特种钢铁有限公司 | 一种大规格中碳合金结构圆钢的调质工艺 |
| CN109680127B (zh) * | 2018-12-25 | 2020-05-22 | 江阴兴澄特种钢铁有限公司 | 一种大规格中碳合金结构圆钢的调质工艺 |
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