CN103223383A - Self-walking directional electrostatic sprayer - Google Patents
Self-walking directional electrostatic sprayer Download PDFInfo
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- CN103223383A CN103223383A CN201310084667XA CN201310084667A CN103223383A CN 103223383 A CN103223383 A CN 103223383A CN 201310084667X A CN201310084667X A CN 201310084667XA CN 201310084667 A CN201310084667 A CN 201310084667A CN 103223383 A CN103223383 A CN 103223383A
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Abstract
The invention discloses a self-walking directional electrostatic sprayer and belongs to the field of machine design and manufacturing. The self-walking directional electrostatic sprayer comprises a self-walking chassis module, an electrostatic spraying system module and a whole machine control system module, wherein the self-walking chassis module is supported by four wheels; rear wheels are driving wheels, are driven by a direct current walking motor, and transmit power through chain transmission; front wheels are steering wheels and drive a steering mechanism to finish steering through a double-bar constant-speed and constant-route oil cylinder; an electrostatic spraying system comprises a liquor storing and conveying device, a control system and an electrostatic spraying device; the liquor storing and conveying device comprises a pesticide storage barrel, a fan and an infrared target detector; and the electrostatic spraying device adopts a slider crank mechanism. The self-walking directional electrostatic sprayer can spray liquor in a directional and target-orientated manner, the environmental pollution is prevented, the use efficiency of the liquor is improved, the man-machine separation is achieved, an operator can control walking, steering and working of the machine through a wireless remote control system, and the damage of the liquor to the operator is avoided.
Description
Technical field
The present invention is a kind of practical packaged type electrostatic sprayer, at the poor efficiency of the crops under the booth work environment in agricultural chemicals uses, not only wastes a large amount of agricultural chemicals, and a large amount of agricultural chemicals are lost in the environment, causes person poultry poisoning, environmental pollution.It is also applicable to the afforestation in highway, city in addition.Belong to Machine Design and manufacturing field.
Background technology
Development along with agricultural production, agricultural production medium temperature chamber, greenhouse cultivation is also increasing sharply, melon and fruit, vegetables, flowers, the cultivated area of economically valuable crops such as medicinal plant constantly enlarges, remove diseases and pests to the harm of crops in order to prevent or to remove in the process of agricultural production, normally adopt the mode spray insecticide to prevent and destroy plant diseases and insect pests, but in dispenser reality, the agricultural chemicals that sprinkling is gone out has only few part can arrive the control target, Metcalf once estimated, the agricultural chemicals that sprays away from spraying equipment has only 25%～50% can be deposited on the crop leaf, less than 1% is deposited on the target pest, has only the medicament of less than 0.03% can play insecticidal action.Therefore chemical pesticide is efficiently, but poor efficiency uses.Poor efficiency during agricultural chemicals uses is not only wasted a large amount of agricultural chemicals, and a large amount of agricultural chemicals are lost in the environment, causes person poultry poisoning, environmental pollution.How improving the effective rate of utilization of agricultural chemicals, reduce the injected volume of agricultural chemicals in non-target environment, is the main research contents of technique in using agriculture chemical in 21 century.Reduce using and relying on of agricultural chemicals in the agricultural production, reducing agricultural chemicals is an important goal of modern agriculture engineering development to the pollution of environment.
China's electrostatic spray Study on Technology starts from late 1970s.Electrostatic spray experiment cooperative groups has at first been set up in Shanghai, and Shanghai Mingguang Instrument Factory, granary, Jiangsu electrostatic apparatus factory, Danyang electronics are studied in one's power Beijing Agricultural University etc. and successively developed hand-held rotating disc type electrostatic atomiser; Handan City, Hebei electric field that mechanical investigations has been studied smashes the hand-held electrostatic sprayer; Nanjing Forestry University has developed the wide range electrostatic sprayer.These units cooperate with use department, have carried out the experiment of a large amount of sprinkling distributions and prevention effect on various crop, but have not all reached the practical popularization stage.
Jiangsu Science ﹠ Engineering Univ. is under the prerequisite of setting up indoor electrostatic spray experimental system and a large amount of experiments, develop the hand-held micro-electrostatic atomiser of rotating disc type, vehicular electrostatic sprayer and tractor-drawn formula wind and sent electrostatic sprayer, and carried out large tracts of land field application experiment, obtained good deinsectization effect.Atomizing has launched comparatively systematic research to the drop under the electrostatic field in Jiangsu Science ﹠ Engineering Univ., think that electrostatic interaction can reduce surface tension of liquid, reduce the atomizing resistance, the additional external and internal pressure opposite with surface tension of the repulsive interaction generation between same sex electric charge simultaneously is poor, thus the raising fogging degree.Nanjing Forestry University thinks that to the electrostatic spray locust Study on Technology of going out electrostatic spray can reduce the surface tension of agricultural chemicals, is subjected to the medicine probability thereby improve locust, also strengthens the adhesive force of pesticide droplet on locust and plant simultaneously, prolongs the longevity of residure of agricultural chemicals to locust.
Summary of the invention
The present invention has designed a kind of from walking directed electrostatic sprayer, its purpose is to improve the automaticity of little field operation, avoid blindly, spray the low of the agricultural chemicals utilization rate that causes in a large number, pollution to environment during particularly agricultural chemicals excessively uses destroys, can reduce simultaneously the pesticide application cost and, realize the ecological balance in the warmhouse booth the minimum influence of environment; Also make the seriation more of agricultural production mechanization technology, adapt to the agricultural machanization specification requirement of " high yield, high-quality, efficient " agricultural.
To achieve these goals, the present invention has taked following technical scheme.
A kind of from walking directed electrostatic sprayer, it is characterized in that: form by the chassis module of walking certainly, electrostatic spray system module, complete machine control system module; Adopt the four-wheel support from the chassis module of walking, trailing wheel is a driving wheel, adopts the direct current movable motor to drive, and by chain transmission transferring power, front-wheel is a deflecting roller, and the oil cylinder drive steering mechanism of strokes such as the two bar constant speed of employing finishes and turns to; The electrostatic spray system comprises that soup stores conveying device, control system, electrostatic atomizer, and soup stores conveying device and comprises drug storage bucket, blower fan, infrared target detector; Electrostatic atomizer adopts slider-crank mechanism;
The electrostatic spray system architecture: nozzle 14 links to each other with blower fan 12 with hydraulic pump 11 respectively, and hydraulic pump 11 links to each other with drug storage bucket 13, and control system 10 links to each other with hydraulic pump 11 respectively at infrared ray object detector 9 simultaneously;
Infrared ray object detector 9 and nozzle 14 are being put on the tray rack 15 of slider-crank mechanism, tray rack 15 pumps, infrared ray object detector 9 detects the existence of target signal is passed to control system 10 in advancing, blower fan 12 pumps that control system starts the hydraulic pump 11 of carrying soup and atomizing soup simultaneously extract soup and are transported to nozzle 14 from drug storage bucket 13 realizes the sprinkling of soups, if do not have target or target disappearance then not opening and closing.
The invention has the advantages that:
(1) walk the certainly use of directed electrostatic sprayer not only is confined to use in agricultural production, it is multi-field also to go for gardens, greening etc., taken into full account the environmental condition of using in the complete machine design, the employing battery of power source, the realization wireless remote-control system is controlled every motion, has enlarged the scope of application of complete machine.
(2) the directed electrostatic sprayer of walking certainly can detect automatically by the infrared ray object detecting device, decide the target spray liquid at goal orientation, and adopt blower fan and water pump acting in conjunction, the refinement atomizing particle, static nozzle has then been realized secondary-atomizing, improve the efficient that soup uses, avoided the pollution of environment, environmental protection more when making machine works.
(3) the directed spraying machine of walking is certainly realized man-machine separation, the walking of operating personnel by no remote control system control machine, turns to and works, and avoids the damage of soup to the personnel health.
(4) walk the directed spraying machine certainly in mechanism design, selected the skew of the drive steered wheel of the two rod oil cylinder controlling organizations of strokes such as constant speed to finish the go to action of complete machine, this system is convenient to realize that the wireless remote control of car load turns to function.
Description of drawings
Fig. 1 is a front-wheel steer device front view.
Fig. 2 is a rear wheel drive device front view.
Fig. 3 is target detection and spraying system sketch.
Fig. 4 is the schematic diagram of electrostatic spray mechanism.
Fig. 5 is the electrostatic spray system construction drawing.
Fig. 6 is from walking directed electrostatic sprayer complete machine sketch.
The specific embodiment
The power source of travel driving unit adopts dc speed-changing movable motor 1, and movable motor 1, is linked to each other with second sprocket wheel 3 on the driving shaft 4 by chain on the chassis simultaneously by bolting, and driving wheel 5 links by flat key and drive shaft keyways.As shown in Figure 1.
The go to action of transfer is finished by wireless remote control control steering mechanism and is turned to, select for use the oil cylinder of strokes such as two bar constant speed to drive track rod with parallel mobile wheel the rotatablely moving of changing into around axle, realize the same in the same way angular deflection of two deflecting rollers, finish divertical motion.The chute of track rod 7 upper ends and two bars of oil cylinder 8 link, and the lower end of drag link links to each other with deflecting roller 6 by bearing.As shown in Figure 2.
The electrostatic spray system comprises according to the course of work and its composition of function: soup stores conveying device, target detection and spraying control system, electrostatic sprayer is enough.Target detection and spraying control system are implemented by technical scheme shown in Figure 3, and the system is characterized in that: this system is made up of static nozzle 14, infrared observation device 9, control system 10, hydraulic pump 11, blower fan 12, drug storage bucket 13; Wherein: static nozzle 14 directly links to each other with hydraulic pump 11, blower fan 12, drug storage bucket 13 by pipeline, and the gauge tap of hydraulic pump 11, blower fan 12 and infrared detector 9 directly connect and compose this entire system by electrical signal transmission line with control system 10.
The main body that electrostatic sprayer is enough is a spray structure, this structure is implemented by technical scheme shown in Figure 4, according to the basic principle of slider-crank mechanism humidifier in conjunction with the requirement design of designed mechanism, mainly contain infrared detecting device fixed support 22, spray assembly 23, electrostatic generator 24 and all be fixed on the carrier frame plate 15, crank 17, connecting rod 16 link together by bearing and are connected and fixed on by conventional mechanical and constitute complete humidifier on the frame.
Soup stores conveying device and is fixed on the vehicle frame through conventional mechanical connection by support, and enough links to each other with electrostatic sprayer by pipeline, carries out soup and carries; Between reaching, target detection and spraying control system and electrostatic sprayer be connected by electrical signal transmission line, object detecting device is delivered to control system with the signal of telecommunication by transmission line, control system is by the switch of transmission line control pump 11, blower fan 12, and the three is connected to become complete electrostatic spray system by mechanical connection and electrical signal transmission line.As shown in Figure 5.
Operation principle is as follows:
(1) walk automatically chassis design:
Being used as stent support, connecting all parts of chassis, the support and connection effect on chassis realizes that by the bracing frame of each parts on vehicle frame and the vehicle frame walking, steering mechanism then are contained in the vehicle chassis component.Whole chassis adopts four-wheel to support rear wheel drive, front-wheel steer.
The design of walking driving mechanism
Motion from the directed electrostatic sprayer complete machine of walking is that rotatablely moving of movable motor output is converted into rectilinear motion, finishes advancing or retreating of complete machine.Send walking or stop signal is given movable motor 1 by wireless control system, transferring power is given first sprocket wheel 2 when movable motor 1 work, first sprocket wheel 2 is given second sprocket wheel 3 by chain with transmission of power, second sprocket wheel 3 is connected by driving shaft 4 with driving wheel 5, and the driving wheel 5 on second sprocket wheel, 3 rotation drive driving shafts 4 and the driving shaft rotates together to be realized advancing, retreating.As shown in Figure 1.
The design of transfer
Finish by wireless remote control control steering mechanism from the go to action of the directed electrostatic sprayer of walking and to turn to, this machine selects for use the oil cylinder of strokes such as two bar constant speed to drive will the be parallel mobile wheel that changes into of steering mechanism around the rotatablely moving of axle, and that realizes two deflecting rollers finishes divertical motion with angular deflection in the same way.The control steering is delivered to electromagnetic component in the hydraulic power bag with turn signal, the motion of stroke oil cylinder 8 pistons such as the two bar constant speed of control causes the two bars of oil cylinder to make translation motion, the two bars of oil cylinder are connected with two turning-bars 7 respectively, the drive turning-bar rotatablely moves, deflecting roller 6 on the turning-bar rotates equal angular simultaneously, has realized the go to action of deflecting roller.As shown in Figure 2.
(2) electrostatic spray system design
The electrostatic spray system comprises according to the course of work and its composition of function: it is enough that soup stores conveying device, target detection, spraying system, electrostatic sprayer.In design, consult, with reference to existing data and spraying mechanical, existing soup holder has been selected in decision for use.The conveying of soup selects for use hydraulic pump that soup is transferred to humidifier by pipeline, and still, the directed electrostatic sprayer of walking certainly makes the droplet refinement in order to improve the fogging degree of soup, increases droplet quantity, and atomizing is finished in the blowing of utilization blower fan in medicine liquid spray.Therefore, soup stores the composition of conveying device and directly selects for use, comprising: drug storage bucket diameter * height: 497 * 810mm, hydraulic pump, blower fan and transfer pipeline.
Target detection and spraying system
Find to detect target in the process of walking from the directed electrostatic sprayer designing requirement of walking, target exists then control system to open humidifier to carry out medicine liquid spray, otherwise, then close or do not open.Consider cost and related factor in the design of this machine, the infrared detection object technology is selected in decision.
Infrared detecting device 9 detects the existence of target signal is passed to control system 10 in advancing, blower fan 12 pumps that control system starts the hydraulic pump 11 of carrying soup and atomizing soup simultaneously extract soup and are transported to nozzle 14 from drug storage bucket 13 realizes the sprinkling of soups, if do not have target or target disappearance then not opening and closing.As shown in Figure 3.
The design of electrostatic spray mechanism
The static spraying mechanism comprises the two large divisions, the one, and to the static generation instrument of the droplet increase static that sprays, the mechanism that the another one realization pumps.Electrostatic generator is selected existing product for use in the design of machine, emphasis is the type selecting and the design of the motion of spraying.
Mechanism is relatively simple for structure for electrostatic spray, and the speed of service is not high, and requirement will rotatablely move and be converted to rectilinear motion up and down, select for use slider-crank mechanism as spraying mechanism in design.
According to the requirement in conjunction with designed mechanism of the basic principle of slider-crank mechanism, the design of electrostatic spray mechanism is as described below.The 3rd sprocket wheel links to each other with the 4th sprocket wheel 18 under being positioned at it by chain, and the 4th sprocket wheel 18 links to each other with bearing block 19 upper ends with crank 17 lower ends by axle, and crank 17 upper ends and connecting rod 16 lower ends link together by axle.Specific design is as follows: connection infrared detecting device fixed support 22 fixed support infrared detecting devices 9, spray assembly 23, electrostatic generator 24 all are fixed on the carrier frame plate 15, and carrier frame plate 15 is along with motion moves up and down.The implementation procedure that moves up and down is that work drive motor passes through the 3rd sprocket wheel and gives the 4th sprocket wheel 18 with transmission of power, the bearing drive crank 17 that connects with the 4th sprocket wheel 18 rotates, crank 17 upper ends produce with connecting rod 16 lower ends by connecting axle and are connected, compound motion is made in the rotatablely move lower end of drivening rod 16 of crank 17, the upper end of connecting rod 16 is owing to the restriction of slide assembly chute can only pump along chute, the upper end of connecting rod 16 is fixed with plate supporting frame 15, fixedly plate supporting frame moves along with the motion of connecting rod 16 upper ends, thereby has realized pumping of target detection and humidifier.Said modules is advanced together along with machine, must be fixed on the machine, and said modules is fixed on the vehicle frame 21 by bearing block 19, the support of bearing 20, has realized needs of expected design.As shown in Figure 4.
The master-plan of electrostatic spray system
The electrostatic spray system is combined by three parts, and three part actings in conjunction just can be finished the sprinkling work of soup.At first, in the electrostatic sprayer walking process, humidifier merits and demerits motor 25 passes through 26 transmissions of the 3rd sprocket wheel with transmission of power the 4th sprocket wheel 18, the 4th sprocket wheel 18 drives the crank 17 that is attached thereto, 16 motions of crank 17 drivening rods, make mechanism finally realize tray rack 15 along slideway pump, simultaneously, place infra-red ray detection device 9 work on the tray rack, if after detecting plant signal, communicate information to the control system of control pump, fan switch, control system is opened pump 11, blower fan 12 simultaneously, spray liquid operation in realizing advancing; Disappeared or do not have target when checkout gear detects target, or then control system is closed and do not opened pump, blower fan.Soup is stored in the drug storage bucket 13.The structure of electrostatic spray system as shown in Figure 5.
(3) walk the certainly general structure design of directed electrostatic sprayer
From the walking directed electrostatic sprayer except the each part mentioned above system, also comprised the complete machine control system that the 24v of power source battery 27, hydraulic pressure bag 28 and relevant control element is provided and realizes wireless remote control, 24v battery 27, hydraulic pressure bag 28 all are fixed on the chassis, hydraulic pressure bag 28 is in 24v battery 27 the place aheads, and the above components and parts structural configuration of complete machine according to demand link together by conventional mechanical connection and electrical signal transmission line.The structural configuration sketch of complete machine as shown in Figure 6.
Claims (1)
1. the directed electrostatic sprayer of walking certainly is characterized in that: be made up of the chassis module of walking certainly, electrostatic spray system module, complete machine control system module; Adopt the four-wheel support from the chassis module of walking, trailing wheel is a driving wheel, adopts the direct current movable motor to drive, and by chain transmission transferring power, front-wheel is a deflecting roller, and the oil cylinder drive steering mechanism of strokes such as the two bar constant speed of employing finishes and turns to; The electrostatic spray system comprises that soup stores conveying device, control system, electrostatic atomizer, and soup stores conveying device and comprises drug storage bucket, blower fan, infrared target detector; Electrostatic atomizer adopts slider-crank mechanism;
The electrostatic spray system architecture is as follows: nozzle (14) links to each other with blower fan (12) with hydraulic pump (11) respectively, hydraulic pump (11) links to each other with drug storage bucket (13), and control system (10) links to each other with hydraulic pump (11) respectively at infrared ray object detector (9) simultaneously;
Infrared ray object detector (9) and nozzle (14) are being put on the tray rack (15) at slider-crank mechanism, tray rack (15) pumps, infrared ray object detector (9) detects the existence of target signal is passed to control system (10) in advancing, control system starts the hydraulic pump (11) of carrying soup and the blower fan (12) that atomizes soup simultaneously, pump extracts soup and is transported to the sprinkling that nozzle (14) is realized soup from drug storage bucket (13), if do not have target or target to disappear then not opening and closing.
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| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
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| CN201310084667XA CN103223383A (en) | 2013-03-15 | 2013-03-15 | Self-walking directional electrostatic sprayer |
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| CN201310084667XA CN103223383A (en) | 2013-03-15 | 2013-03-15 | Self-walking directional electrostatic sprayer |
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Cited By (7)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN104322472A (en) * | 2014-10-21 | 2015-02-04 | 湖南农业大学 | Electric remote-control electrostatic adjustable profiling sprayer |
| CN104430278A (en) * | 2014-12-12 | 2015-03-25 | 河南农业大学 | Self-propelled intelligent fruit tree spraying vehicle |
| CN106172334A (en) * | 2015-05-08 | 2016-12-07 | 南京农业大学 | Self-propelled greenhouse air curtain type electrostatic spray car |
| CN108745704A (en) * | 2018-05-31 | 2018-11-06 | 安徽扬子职业技术学院 | A kind of steering axles part covers oily device |
| CN109601515A (en) * | 2019-02-14 | 2019-04-12 | 盐城市佳友农业科技有限公司 | A kind of crop herbicide directed spraying in the ranks device |
| CN112400845A (en) * | 2020-11-26 | 2021-02-26 | 华南农业大学 | Parameter-adjustable pneumatic auxiliary electrostatic sprayer |
| CN113287591A (en) * | 2021-04-30 | 2021-08-24 | 西安理工大学 | Manual simulation spraying boosting device based on slider-crank mechanism |
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| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
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| CN112400845A (en) * | 2020-11-26 | 2021-02-26 | 华南农业大学 | Parameter-adjustable pneumatic auxiliary electrostatic sprayer |
| CN113287591A (en) * | 2021-04-30 | 2021-08-24 | 西安理工大学 | Manual simulation spraying boosting device based on slider-crank mechanism |
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Application publication date: 20130731 |