CN103222156B - A kind of ferrite three-phase permanent magnet motor - Google Patents
A kind of ferrite three-phase permanent magnet motor Download PDFInfo
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- CN103222156B CN103222156B CN201180053116.6A CN201180053116A CN103222156B CN 103222156 B CN103222156 B CN 103222156B CN 201180053116 A CN201180053116 A CN 201180053116A CN 103222156 B CN103222156 B CN 103222156B
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- ferrite
- permanent magnet
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
- H02K—DYNAMO-ELECTRIC MACHINES
- H02K1/00—Details of the magnetic circuit
- H02K1/06—Details of the magnetic circuit characterised by the shape, form or construction
- H02K1/22—Rotating parts of the magnetic circuit
- H02K1/27—Rotor cores with permanent magnets
- H02K1/2706—Inner rotors
- H02K1/272—Inner rotors the magnetisation axis of the magnets being perpendicular to the rotor axis
- H02K1/274—Inner rotors the magnetisation axis of the magnets being perpendicular to the rotor axis the rotor consisting of two or more circumferentially positioned magnets
- H02K1/2753—Inner rotors the magnetisation axis of the magnets being perpendicular to the rotor axis the rotor consisting of two or more circumferentially positioned magnets the rotor consisting of magnets or groups of magnets arranged with alternating polarity
- H02K1/278—Surface mounted magnets; Inset magnets
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
- H02K—DYNAMO-ELECTRIC MACHINES
- H02K1/00—Details of the magnetic circuit
- H02K1/06—Details of the magnetic circuit characterised by the shape, form or construction
- H02K1/12—Stationary parts of the magnetic circuit
- H02K1/14—Stator cores with salient poles
- H02K1/146—Stator cores with salient poles consisting of a generally annular yoke with salient poles
- H02K1/148—Sectional cores
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
- H02K—DYNAMO-ELECTRIC MACHINES
- H02K21/00—Synchronous motors having permanent magnets; Synchronous generators having permanent magnets
- H02K21/12—Synchronous motors having permanent magnets; Synchronous generators having permanent magnets with stationary armatures and rotating magnets
- H02K21/14—Synchronous motors having permanent magnets; Synchronous generators having permanent magnets with stationary armatures and rotating magnets with magnets rotating within the armatures
- H02K21/16—Synchronous motors having permanent magnets; Synchronous generators having permanent magnets with stationary armatures and rotating magnets with magnets rotating within the armatures having annular armature cores with salient poles
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
- H02K—DYNAMO-ELECTRIC MACHINES
- H02K2213/00—Specific aspects, not otherwise provided for and not covered by codes H02K2201/00 - H02K2211/00
- H02K2213/03—Machines characterised by numerical values, ranges, mathematical expressions or similar information
Abstract
A kind of ferrite three-phase permanent magnet motor.The rotor core (1) of this motor is equipped with multipair permanent magnet (4), the stator core (2) of this motor is equipped with three-phase windings.Tooth number Z=12 of stator core, the side all around of each tooth (40) all forms the groove for setting-in winding.Each have mutually four series connection respectively around the concentratred winding on four teeth.Be full of A, B, C tri-the arrangement mode of 12 teeth of winding be A-B-C-A-B-C-A-B-C-A-B-C.The permanent magnet of rotor core is made up of hard ferrite, number of magnetic poles 2P=10.When this motor is used as motor, three-phase square wave or sine-wave current can be adopted to drive, have that winding overhang is little, location torque is little, copper loss and the little advantage of iron loss.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to magneto, more particularly, relate to a kind of ferrite three-phase permanent magnet motor, this motor is applicable to the application of refrigerator, air-conditioning and high-speed driving.
Background technology
The stator core of magneto generally adopts silicon steel sheet, and rotor generally adopts rare-earth permanent magnet, such as Nd-Fe-B permanent magnet.Silicon steel sheet and rare-earth permanent magnet material just more and more rare, price is more and more expensive.In order to change this situation, people have done a lot of effort.
Wherein improvement project adopts the motor without stator core, and this kind of design will inevitably increase the consumption of permanent magnet.
Another kind of improvement project adopts hard ferrite magnet steel, can avoid using rare-earth permanent magnet material, but the magnetic loading step-down of motor must be caused, can only correspondingly improve electric loading to make up, so must copper consumption be increased, the copper loss of motor increases, and the more important thing is that therefore the energy index of motor can decline to a great extent.
Summary of the invention
For the above-mentioned defect of existing magneto, the present invention will solve that conventional permanent magnet motor copper loss is large, high in cost of production problem.
Technical scheme of the present invention is, provides a kind of ferrite three-phase permanent magnet motor, the rotor core of described motor is equipped with multipair permanent magnet, stator core is equipped with three-phase windings, and wherein, described stator core is made up of soft magnetic ferrite, its teeth groove number Z=12; Wherein outer nose circle width M11, the interior nose circle width M21 of each tooth, the relation of tooth degree not lend oneself to worry and anxiety M31 are M11 > M21 > M31; And the relation of the outer nose circle axial length M12 of each tooth, interior nose circle axial length M22, tooth heart axial length M32 is M12 > M32, M22 > M32; Thus all form the groove for setting-in winding in all around of tooth; Each of described motor has four concentratred winding of connecting mutually, respectively around on four teeth, be wound with A, B, C tri-the arrangement mode of 12 teeth of winding be A →/A →/C → C → B →/B →/A → A → C →/C →/B → B, "/A " wherein represents the concentratred winding of an anti-phase connection of A phase, and/B ,/C analogize; Permanent magnet in described rotor core is made up of hard ferrite, its number of magnetic poles 2P=10; The diameter of described rotor core is D, and during the axial length L=D/2 of described motor, every pole number of turn of described motor is N, and the total length of every phase winding of described motor is 4N (D+ л D/12).
In the present invention, the physical air gap between described stator core and rotor core can be 0.2 ~ 3.0mm; The width of the notch between adjacent two teeth is 0.1 ~ 3.0mm.
In stator core of the present invention, the volume resistance of soft magnetic ferrite is 100 Ω ~ 50K Ω, and is selected from the one in Mn-Zn soft magnetic ferrite, Ni-Zn soft magnetic ferrite, microcrystal silicon soft magnetic ferrite or SMC soft-magnetic composite material.
In a preferred version of the present invention, described stator core is spliced by independently 12 teeth, and the remaining surface wherein except splicing surface is all coated by insulating barrier, and the thickness of described insulating barrier is 0.02 ~ 0.5mm.In another preferred version of the present invention, described stator core is be prefabricated into overall integral structure.Wherein, described stator core can be divided into multistage vertically, and the front portion being included in described tooth forms the leading portion of forward recess, forms the back segment of rearward recess and at least one interlude between described leading portion and back segment at the rear portion of described tooth.
In a preferred version of the present invention, on described rotor core, N, S magnetic pole of each permanent magnet alternately; Each described permanent magnet is watt shape hard ferrite magnet steel of radial magnetizing or watt shape hard ferrite magnet steel of parallel magnetization.
In another preferred version of the present invention, described permanent magnet is the hard ferrite magnetic patch of radial magnetizing, and is flush-mounted in the surface of described rotor core; The pole span of each described magnetic patch is π D/10, and axial physical size L is 30 ~ 200mm, and wherein D is rotor diameter, and outer chord length is π D/10, and magnetic patch internal diameter is-D/n, wherein n=1.5 ~ 3, and interior path length is π D/10.
In the present invention, the cylindrical of described rotor core can overlap and have a thickness to be the carbon fiber of 0.15 ~ 2mm, glass fiber or aluminium quality guarantee sheath.
Owing to taking technique scheme, three-phase motor with permanent magnets of the present invention has that winding overhang minimizes, air gap minimizes, material minimizes, location torque minimizes and the series of advantages such as iron loss and least copper loss, have more high workload rotating speed, higher power/volume ratio and moment/volume ratio, cost reaches minimumization.This three-phase motor with permanent magnets can substitute existing induction motor, permanent magnet motor, or alternative air-conditioning and freezer compressor drive motors, becomes the main flow drive motors of following high-performance, energy-saving type air conditioner and freezer compressor.
Accompanying drawing explanation
Fig. 1 is motor general assembly structural representation in a preferred embodiment of the invention;
Fig. 2 is stator, the rotor structure schematic diagram of motor in a preferred embodiment of the invention;
Fig. 3 is the front view of the single tooth shown in Fig. 2;
Fig. 4 is the left view of single tooth shown in Fig. 3;
Fig. 5 is the structural representation of watt shape hard ferrite magnetic steel rotor in a preferred embodiment of the invention;
Fig. 6 is the rotor structure schematic diagram that the hard ferrite magnetic patch of radial magnetizing in a preferred embodiment of the invention is formed;
Stator core is divided into the schematic diagram of three sections by Fig. 7 vertically in a preferred embodiment of the invention.
Embodiment
Be illustrated in figure 1 a preferred embodiment of the present invention, the critical piece of this ferrite three-phase permanent magnet motor comprises rotor 1, stator 2, rotating shaft 30 etc., and the physical air gap 5 between rotor 1 and stator 2 is 0.1 ~ 2mm.
As shown in Figure 2, in the present embodiment, stator core adopts soft magnetic ferrite, and whole stator core is combined into by 12 teeth 40 that independently soft magnetic ferrite is made, so the teeth groove number Z=12 of stator.
As shown in Figure 3 and Figure 4, wherein width M11, the width M21 of interior nose circle 60 of the outer nose circle 50 of each tooth 40, the relation of the width M31 of the tooth heart 70 are M11 > M21 > M31; And the relation of the axial length M22 of the axial length M12 of the outer nose circle 50 of each tooth, interior nose circle 60, the axial length M32 of the tooth heart 70 is M12 > M32, M22 > M32; Thus at the axis of tooth and radial front and back groove, the left and right groove all formed for placing winding; The benefit of this structure is that winding is all loaded in groove, and desirable state is the left and right end face that winding can not protrude from Fig. 3, and namely the thickness of winding is defined in the left and right groove of tooth; Winding also can not protrude from left and right end face in Fig. 4 simultaneously, and namely the length of winding is defined in the front and back groove of tooth.
Wherein, each of motor has four concentratred winding of connecting mutually, respectively around on four teeth; As shown in Figure 2, be wound with A, B, C tri-the arrangement mode of 12 teeth of winding be: A →/A →/C → C → B →/B →/A → A → C →/C →/B → B, "/A " wherein represents the concentratred winding of an anti-phase connection of A phase, and/B ,/C analogize.Due to the front and back groove on each tooth, left and right groove structure, concentratred winding outward flange is all defined to stator core inside, compared with conventional motors, this motor saves a large amount of winding conducting wires, significantly reduce with copper with by iron, thus there is higher power/volume ratio, higher moment/volume ratio, cost reaches minimumization.
For the 10 pole motors that rotor axial L/D ratio is 1/2, motor axial length L=D/2, the every pole number of turn N of motor, then the total length of the every phase winding of motor is 4N (D+ л D/12), and the total length 4N of the every phase winding of conventional motors (D+2 л D/12); Therefore, in the present embodiment, winding conducting wire has shortened 1.207 times.Wherein, rotor adopts hard ferrite, avoids using rare-earth permanent magnet material, although the magnetic loading of motor can be caused to decline 2 times, need raising 2 times of electric loadings to make motor performance up, but shorten 1.207 times due to the total length of winding, the copper loss of motor can corresponding reduction 1.458 times; Again because the stator of motor adopts soft magnetic ferrite, the iron loss of motor can reduce 3 ~ 10 times, and therefore, the composite loss of this motor is suitable, even less with traditional concentratred winding three-phase motor with permanent magnets; Again because motor magnetic loading declines 2 times, thus the location torque of motor and torque fluctuations less by about 20 ~ 30% than traditional concentratred winding motor, noise is also little than traditional concentratred winding motor; The copper consumption of motor reduces, to the internal resistance of reduction motor advantageously.
Because stator core have employed soft magnetic ferrite, operating frequency, up to 10KHz, can allow motor to rotate with tens thousand of speed of walking around per minute, for high-speed applications highly significant.This motor can adopt three-phase square wave or sine-wave current to drive.
During concrete enforcement, in 12 teeth of stator core, the remaining surface except splicing surface is all coated by insulating barrier, and thickness of insulating layer can be 0.02 ~ 0.5mm, and after being spliced into, the width of the notch 3 between adjacent two teeth is 0.1 ~ 3.0mm.Wherein, the volume resistance of soft magnetic ferrite can be 100 Ω ~ 50K Ω, therefore the core loss of soft magnetic ferrite stator less than silicon steel sheet stator core 3 ~ 10 times even more.Here soft magnetic ferrite can be Mn-Zn soft magnetic ferrite, a certain in Ni-Zn soft magnetic ferrite, microcrystal silicon soft magnetic ferrite or SMC soft-magnetic composite material is made, the remanent magnetism magnetic that its saturation magnetic induction must be not less than permanent-magnet ferrite is close, and they are natural couplings.
For the stator core shown in Fig. 2, certain technique in sintering process, bonding process, injection technique, hybrid technique can be adopted to make independent tooth one by one, now for the winding of every four tooth coilings series connection, and then overall stator core assemblies can be spliced into.
Certainly, integral prefabricated mode also can be adopted to make stator core (now not having independently each tooth), then direct with flying shuttle or manual coiling three-phase windings on one-piece stator iron core.
In embodiment as shown in Figure 5, on rotor core, N, S magnetic pole of each permanent magnet alternately, and permanent magnet is here watt shape hard ferrite magnet steel of radial magnetizing or watt shape hard ferrite magnet steel of parallel magnetization.As can be seen from the figure, the cylindrical both sides of ferrite magnetic steel have that angle is not more than 15 °, length is not more than the top rake of the cylindrical arc length 1/4 of ferrite magnetic steel, as Fig. 5.The direct axis reluctance of this rotor is identical with quadrature-axis reluctance, belongs to non salient pole machine, and the running noises of this motor is less than salient pole machine.
In embodiment as shown in Figure 6, permanent magnet is the hard ferrite magnetic patch of radial magnetizing, the pole span π D/10 of this permanent magnet, axial physical size L is 30 ~ 200mm, and wherein D is rotor diameter, and outer chord length is π D/10, magnetic patch internal diameter is D/n, n=1.5 ~ 3, and interior path length is π D/10.It is the rotor be made up of the hard ferrite magnetic patch of the radial magnetizing of n=2 shown in Fig. 6.Wherein adopt built-in permanent magnetic body, the direct axis reluctance of rotor is larger than quadrature-axis reluctance, has saliency, can obtain salient pole moment, exert oneself larger than non salient pole machine when this motor runs.
As shown in Figure 2, in the present embodiment, on the cylindrical of rotor, cover has a thickness to be the protective sleeve of 0.15 ~ 2mm, and this protective sleeve can be made up of carbon fiber, glass fiber or aluminium, epitrochanterian permanent magnet centrifugal force can be prevented excessive and come off when motor High Rotation Speed.
As shown in Figure 7, another embodiment of the present invention, stator core is divided into three sections vertically, and the front portion being included in tooth forms the leading portion (the left side section in Fig. 7) of forward recess, forms the back segment (the right side section in Fig. 7) of rearward recess and the interlude (interlude in Fig. 7) between leading portion and back segment at the rear portion of tooth.During concrete enforcement, the quantity of interlude can be one or more; When the length of present segment and back segment immobilizes, by increasing the quantity of interlude, or regulate the length of interlude, i.e. the axial length of adjustable whole stator core.The structure of this axial segmentation is applicable to the situation that the multiple teeth shown in Fig. 2 are spliced into stator core, and namely each tooth is divided into multistage, and shown in Fig. 7 is the left view structure of the single tooth corresponding with Fig. 4, and its front view structure as shown in Figure 3; Certainly, the structure of this axial segmentation is also applicable to integral prefabricated stator core, is now the integral prefabricated multistage of difference.
Ferrite three-phase permanent magnet motor in above-described embodiment, is typically used as motor, and adopts three-phase square wave or sine-wave current to drive; Be applicable to the application of refrigerator, air-conditioning and high-speed driving; When it is driven by rotating machinery, also three-phase permanent magnet electricity generator can be become.
Claims (10)
1. a ferrite three-phase permanent magnet motor, the rotor core (1) of described motor is equipped with multipair permanent magnet (4), and (2) are equipped with three-phase windings to stator core, it is characterized in that, described stator core is made up of soft magnetic ferrite, its teeth groove number Z=12; Wherein outer nose circle width M11, the interior nose circle width M21 of each tooth, the relation of tooth degree not lend oneself to worry and anxiety M31 are M11 > M21 > M31; And the relation of the outer nose circle axial length M12 of each tooth, interior nose circle axial length M22, tooth heart axial length M32 is M12 > M32, M22 > M32; Thus all form the groove for setting-in winding in all around of tooth; Each of described motor has four concentratred winding of connecting mutually, respectively around on four teeth, be wound with A, B, C tri-the arrangement mode of 12 teeth of winding be A →/A →/C → C → B →/B →/A → A → C →/C →/B → B, "/A " wherein represents the concentratred winding of an anti-phase connection of A phase, and/B ,/C analogize; Permanent magnet in described rotor core is made up of hard ferrite, its number of magnetic poles 2P=10;
The diameter of described rotor core is D, and during the axial length L=D/2 of described motor, every pole number of turn of described motor is N, and the total length of every phase winding of described motor is 4N (D+ л D/12).
2. ferrite three-phase permanent magnet motor according to claim 1, is characterized in that, the physical air gap between described stator core and rotor core is 0.2 ~ 3.0mm; The width of the notch (3) between adjacent two teeth is 0.1 ~ 3.0mm.
3. ferrite three-phase permanent magnet motor according to claim 1, it is characterized in that, the volume resistance of described soft magnetic ferrite is 100 Ω ~ 50K Ω, and is selected from the one in Mn-Zn soft magnetic ferrite, Ni-Zn soft magnetic ferrite, microcrystal silicon soft magnetic ferrite or SMC soft-magnetic composite material.
4. ferrite three-phase permanent magnet motor according to claim 1, it is characterized in that, described stator core is spliced by independently 12 teeth, and the remaining surface wherein except splicing surface is all coated by insulating barrier, and the thickness of described insulating barrier is 0.02 ~ 0.5mm.
5. ferrite three-phase permanent magnet motor according to claim 1, is characterized in that, described stator core is be prefabricated into overall integral structure, and its surface is all coated by insulating barrier, and the thickness of described insulating barrier is 0.02 ~ 0.5mm.
6. ferrite three-phase permanent magnet motor according to any one of claim 1-5, is characterized in that, on described rotor core, N, S magnetic pole of each permanent magnet alternately; Each described permanent magnet is watt shape hard ferrite magnet steel of radial magnetizing or watt shape hard ferrite magnet steel of parallel magnetization.
7. ferrite three-phase permanent magnet motor according to claim 6, is characterized in that, the cylindrical both sides of described ferrite magnetic steel are provided with that angle is not more than 15 °, length is not more than the top rake of the cylindrical arc length 1/4 of ferrite magnetic steel.
8. the ferrite three-phase permanent magnet motor according to any one of claim 1-5, is characterized in that, described permanent magnet is the hard ferrite magnetic patch of radial magnetizing, and is flush-mounted in the surface of described rotor core; The pole span of each described magnetic patch is π D/10, and axial physical size L is 30 ~ 200mm, and wherein D is rotor diameter, and outer chord length is π D/10, and magnetic patch internal diameter is-D/n, wherein n=1.5 ~ 3, and interior path length is π D/10.
9. the ferrite three-phase permanent magnet motor according to any one of claim 1-5, is characterized in that, on the cylindrical of described rotor core, cover has a thickness to be the carbon fiber of 0.15 ~ 2mm, glass fiber or aluminium quality guarantee sheath.
10. the ferrite three-phase permanent magnet motor according to any one of claim 1-5, it is characterized in that, described stator core is divided into multistage vertically, and the front portion being included in described tooth forms the leading portion of forward recess, forms the back segment of rearward recess and at least one interlude between described leading portion and back segment at the rear portion of described tooth.
Applications Claiming Priority (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| PCT/CN2011/071572 WO2012119301A1 (en) | 2011-03-07 | 2011-03-07 | Ferrite three-phase permanent magnet motor |
Publications (2)
| Publication Number | Publication Date |
|---|---|
| CN103222156A CN103222156A (en) | 2013-07-24 |
| CN103222156B true CN103222156B (en) | 2015-11-25 |
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| CN201180053116.6A Active CN103222156B (en) | 2011-03-07 | 2011-03-07 | A kind of ferrite three-phase permanent magnet motor |
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| CN (1) | CN103222156B (en) |
| WO (1) | WO2012119301A1 (en) |
Families Citing this family (6)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN107134867A (en) * | 2016-02-29 | 2017-09-05 | 中石化石油工程技术服务有限公司 | The downhole electric drilling tool driving few coil permasyn morot of overlength iron core |
| CN106602807B (en) * | 2016-11-02 | 2023-09-12 | 上海翡叶动力科技有限公司 | Automatic detection system that magnetizes of permanent magnet motor rotor |
| CN107154692A (en) * | 2017-06-16 | 2017-09-12 | 浙江迪贝电气股份有限公司 | A kind of permanent-magnet ferrite rotor |
| CN107846089A (en) * | 2017-12-12 | 2018-03-27 | 盛瑞传动股份有限公司 | A kind of gearbox motor |
| CN112564334A (en) * | 2020-12-18 | 2021-03-26 | 哈尔滨理工大学 | Novel stator and rotor structure of high-speed permanent magnet synchronous motor |
| CN112953156A (en) * | 2021-04-16 | 2021-06-11 | 河北工业大学 | Cylindrical permanent magnet linear motor adopting mixed material stator magnetic core |
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| US4692646A (en) * | 1984-08-01 | 1987-09-08 | Matsushita Electric Industrial Co., Ltd. | Rotating electric motor with reduced cogging torque |
| CN2602538Y (en) * | 2003-03-14 | 2004-02-04 | 上海大学 | Magnetic convergence type permanent-magnet generator with each phase of magnetic-path decoupling |
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| CN101371425A (en) * | 2007-10-29 | 2009-02-18 | 深圳航天科技创新研究院 | Square wave three-phase brushless permanent magnetic DC motor |
| CN201616714U (en) * | 2009-12-21 | 2010-10-27 | 无锡东元电机有限公司 | Permanent magnet capable of weakening cogging torque of permanent magnet motor |
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| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
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| CN2560153Y (en) * | 2002-08-09 | 2003-07-09 | 张金铎 | Permanent magnetic asyn high-speed electric machine |
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- 2011-03-07 CN CN201180053116.6A patent/CN103222156B/en active Active
- 2011-03-07 WO PCT/CN2011/071572 patent/WO2012119301A1/en active Application Filing
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| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| US4692646A (en) * | 1984-08-01 | 1987-09-08 | Matsushita Electric Industrial Co., Ltd. | Rotating electric motor with reduced cogging torque |
| CN1502161A (en) * | 2001-03-12 | 2004-06-02 | 美国艾默生电气公司 | Segmented stator switched reluctance machine |
| CN2602538Y (en) * | 2003-03-14 | 2004-02-04 | 上海大学 | Magnetic convergence type permanent-magnet generator with each phase of magnetic-path decoupling |
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| CN101371425A (en) * | 2007-10-29 | 2009-02-18 | 深圳航天科技创新研究院 | Square wave three-phase brushless permanent magnetic DC motor |
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| WO2012119301A1 (en) | 2012-09-13 |
| CN103222156A (en) | 2013-07-24 |
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