CN103219051B - Controllable continuous deuteron fusion generating systems - Google Patents
Controllable continuous deuteron fusion generating systems Download PDFInfo
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- CN103219051B CN103219051B CN201210302252.0A CN201210302252A CN103219051B CN 103219051 B CN103219051 B CN 103219051B CN 201210302252 A CN201210302252 A CN 201210302252A CN 103219051 B CN103219051 B CN 103219051B
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- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
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- Y02E—REDUCTION OF GREENHOUSE GAS [GHG] EMISSIONS, RELATED TO ENERGY GENERATION, TRANSMISSION OR DISTRIBUTION
- Y02E30/00—Energy generation of nuclear origin
- Y02E30/10—Nuclear fusion reactors
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Abstract
The present invention relates to a kind of controllable continuous deuteron fusion generating systems, its generating systems mainly includes pretreating device, nuclear fusion device, retracting device, vacuum plant, energy exchanger and safety guard.The present invention outstanding feature be：1. proposing the theory of rear-end impact, the energy of high-velocity particles is 2. made full use of, improves system effectiveness, realizes that output energy is more than the efficient design of input energy, 3. the self-con-tained unit with closed loop and reliable safety guard.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to a kind of nuclear fusion generating systems, refer specifically to controllable continuous deuteron fusion generating systems.
Background technology
With the raising of industrialization degree, the increase of population, world energy consumption also rapidly rises, and mankind's energy crisis is
Through appearing.According to statistics, gross reserves known to the natural fuel such as global coal, oil is about 7 × 1015KWh, it is possible maximum total
Reserves will not also be further added by 20 times.The reserves of fission fuel uranium, thorium etc. are about 8 × 1017KWh, and the whole world is total every year at present
Generated energy is more than 1015kWh。
H-bomb test before more than 60 years, it was demonstrated that deuteron thermonuclear fusion can produce huge energy.Research shows, 1 gram of deuterium
Can production capacity 105KWh, than uranium (U235) production capacity is big 4 times, the deuterium fusion production capacity in whole seawater is up to 3 × 1024kWh。
But how to control deuteron fusion is a great challenges.In the 1940s, scientists are first it is envisioned that profit
Accelerate deuteron with accelerator, carry out bombarding heavy water experiment.But because there is electronics the atom outside in heavy water, the deuteron after acceleration is big
Portion of energy is consumed in the collision of same electronics, is excited and is ionized, and the probability for really producing nuclear fusion is atomic.So at that time
Scientists just reject in this way carry out controllable continuous nuclear fusion reaction feasibility.
The deuteron that scientists have been contemplated with two accelerate (beamacceleration)s again clashes to realize nuclear fusion.Due to deuteron positively charged, two
Deuteron generates huge coulomb electric repulsion after, by multiple coulomb scattering, after the deflection angle that accumulates deuteron reaches 90 °
Beam is left, deuteron head-on collision is no longer participate in, so that the deuteron for participating in fusion is only 5 a ten thousandths, makes energy caused by fusion remote
Much smaller than input energy.So this feasibility that controllable continuous nuclear fusion reaction is carried out with the head-on collision of two beam deuterons is also denied
.
So, scientists substantially reject accelerated with deuteron after bump against produce controllable continuous nuclear fusion reaction scheme.
After, scientist attempts to utilize high temperature, magnetically confined, light laser bombardment, electron beam or HIB constraint etc.
Scheme produces the deuteron fusion of controllable continuous, but fails to reach the practical stage so far.
The content of the invention
The purpose of the present invention is to propose to a kind of controllable continuous deuteron fusion generating systems, the system passes through a kind of brand-new
The pattern of " deuteron head and the tail bump against ", fundamentally solves the difficulty run at present, so as to produce the deuteron fusion of controllable continuous,
And the energy for forming energy conversion caused by fusion into other.
Our design is：
By being found after analyzing many experiments：Energy needed for deuteron fusion reaction, calculated value and experiment actual value
Differ very large.Except particle passes through the tunnel-effect of coulomb potential barrier and Particles Moving speed to press Maxwell's distribution factor
Outside, prior factor also be present, that is, the influence of the structure of nucleon and head-on collision mode.
Deuteron is made up of a proton P and a neutron n.Deuteron collision mode is most typical three kinds：Head's phase
Hit, tail tail bumps against and rear end collision.
Head is bumped against：Due to deuteron positively charged, when it accelerates in high-energy particle accelerator, proton (P) is held in preceding, neutron
(n) end is rear.The proton end head-on collision of deuteron, necessarily runs into huge coulomb barrier.Two deuterons are difficult polymerisation, and this is early
One of the main reason for phase scientists make deuteron head-on collision carry out nuclear fusion failure with accelerator.
Tail tail bumps against：The neutron end head-on collision of deuteron, this method are difficult to realize.
Rear end collision：Proton (P) end of one deuteron is bumped against with neutron (n) end of another deuteron, at this moment between them
Coulomb barrier it is much lower, required polymerizing energy is just much lower, produce deuteron impact fusion probability with regard to much higher.This is just
It is the scheme that the present invention selects.
The present invention accelerates two beam deuterons respectively using two accelerators, them is had two kinds of speed respectively, and make them
Moved in the same direction in same nuclear fusion area, and collision of knocking into the back, produce deuteron fusion reaction.
Deuteron fusion reaction mainly has four kinds of modes：
(1)D+D→3He+n+3.25MeV
(2)D+D→T+p+4.0MeV
(3)D+T→4He+n+17.6MeV
(4)D+3He→4He+p+18.3MeV
Total effect of these four modes can be combined into a formula：
6D→24He+2p+2n+43.15MeV。
In formula：D- deuteriums, T- tritiums, He- helium, P- protons, n- neutrons.
Accelerate two beam deuterons respectively with particle accelerator, them is possessed different speed V1(ENERGY E1) and V2(energy
E2), wherein Δ E=E1-E2＞ 105EV, Δ E be two-way deuteron accelerate after energy differences, E1Energy after accelerating for deuteron all the way
Value, E2Energy value after accelerating for another way deuteron, this two beams deuteron is set to be knocked into the back in nuclear fusion area collision, progress core
Fusion reaction.Deuteron to the fusion that do not collide and occurred fusion intermediate product tritium (T) and helium 3 (3He) etc., drawn
Go back to nuclear fusion area to continue to participate in impact fusion, to improve the probability for the fusion that collides, increase energy gain.Control this two beams deuterium
The density of core and the energy difference between them, it is possible to control the probability of nuclear collision fusion, control nuclear fusion produces the big of energy
It is small.As energy exported using energy exchanger to energy caused by nuclear fusion simultaneously, it is possible to effectively nuclear fusion is produced
Raw energy is used, and such as driving steam turbine generates electricity.
A kind of controllable continuous deuteron fusion production capacity method of the present invention, its step are：
(1) deuteron separates；Heavy water is resolved into deuterium and oxygen, and deuteron is ionized from deuterium and come out；
(2) deuteron accelerates：Deuteron is divided into two-way, adjusts the density of two-way deuteron respectively, and two-way deuteron is drawn respectively
Enter two particle accelerators, deuteron is accelerated into the 2 beam high-velocity particles streams with certain kinetic energy, and meet Δ E=E1-E2＞
105eV；
(3) calibrate：Two beam deuterons are calibrated into nuclear fusion area to Lorentz force caused by charged particle by magnetic field
Position and direction, them are made to move on the same axis, to improve probability caused by impact fusion；
(4) poly-nuclear：Part deuteron may deviate nuclear fusion area and cause energy loss in nuclear fusion area, and the effect of poly-nuclear is
Under the influence of a magnetic field, constraint produces the deflection for deviateing Runtime Infrastructure into the deuteron in nuclear fusion area, improves the general of impact fusion
Rate.
(5) deuteron impact fusion：Deuteron particle after two accelerate (beamacceleration)s coaxially introduces nuclear fusion area in the same direction, and produces during exercise
Raw rear-end impact fusion, produces continuous nuclear fusion；
(6) Returning utilization of high-velocity particles：By the intermediate product after the high speed deuteron for the fusion that do not collide and fusion
Tritium (T) and helium 3 (3He nuclear fusion area) is returned under magnetic field force effect, continues to participate in impact fusion；
(7) energy conversion：By energy caused by continuous nuclear fusion, the available of other forms is converted into by energy exchange
The energy exports；
(8) reaction product reclaims：By reacted product helium (4He) separated and recovered with neutron.The present invention's is a kind of controllable
Continuous deuteron fusion generating systems, it is characterised in that：Mainly include pretreating device, nuclear fusion device, vacuum plant, recovery
Device, energy exchanger and safety guard；
The pretreating device mainly includes D O separator, deuterium ionization device, and 2 internally piloted valves and 2 groups of particles accelerate
Device；Wherein heavy water is resolved into deuterium and oxygen by D O separator, and deuterium is ionized into deuteron by deuterium ionization device, after ionization
Deuteron is divided into two-way and enters 2 groups of particle accelerators by 2 internally piloted valves respectively, and two-way deuteron is accelerated into two beams tool
There is the high speed deuteron stream of different-energy, and meet Δ E=E1-E2＞ 105eV；
The nuclear fusion device mainly includes calibrator, poly-nuclear device, nuclear fusion area, recoverable capsule and returns receipts device；Calibrator leads to
Magnetic field is crossed to Lorentz force caused by charged particle to calibrate the position and direction that two beam deuteron particles enter nuclear fusion area, makes it
Assemble and move on the same axis, and under the constraint of poly-nuclear device, impact fusion, the centre after fusion are produced in nuclear fusion area
Product tritium and helium 3 and the deuteron of non-fusion by recoverable capsule, return to receive device and return to nuclear fusion area and continue to participate in impact fusion；
The retracting device mainly includes vacuum separator and neutron recover, for reclaiming caused helium in reaction
(4) and neutron He；
High vacuum state needed for the vacuum plant offer system；
The energy exchanger, for can export into other formation by energy conversion caused by fusion；
The safety guard includes self-con-tained unit and security protection module；The self-con-tained unit of closed loop is in key position
(high temperature and high pressure steam outlet) install sensor, deuteron is automatically adjusted into the valve in nuclear fusion area, automatic control according to measured value
The level of deuteron fusion processed；Efficient security protection module provides the safety guarantee of whole system, is installed in each key position
Measurement sensor, when measuring danger signal, alarm is sent immediately, close deuterium valve if necessary, if danger signal does not exclude,
Start deuteron recoverable capsule immediately and return the FR switch received in device, make reversing magnetic field, make all light nucleus (including proton, deuterium
Core, triton etc.) deviate nuclear fusion area immediately, stop nuclear fusion.
The present invention has the characteristics of following prominent：
1) theory of collision of knocking into the back is proposed：The deuteron that two beams carry different-energy enters nuclear fusion area in the same direction, due to two beams
Deuteron movement velocity is different, therefore the required coulomb barrier that overcomes is relatively low, and the deuteron of high-speed motion can be with above low-speed motion
Deuteron knock into the back collision, when meeting Δ E=E1-E2＞ 105During eV, you can produce nuclear fusion.Such as enter the deuterium in nuclear fusion area
Check figure is enough, and the length in nuclear fusion area reaches design requirement, it is possible to produces continuous deuteron fusion.Control enters nuclear fusion area
Deuteron number and their movement velocity, can control continuous deuteron fusion level.
2) energy of high-velocity particles is made full use of, improves system effectiveness, realizes that output energy is more than the efficient of input energy
Design：The present invention proposes the unique apparatus of the efficiency of a series of raising nuclear fusion, it is achieved thereby that controllable nuclear fusion
Output energy is more than input energy, makes to become a reality using energy caused by nuclear fusion.
Two groups of deuteron accelerators：The design uses two groups of accelerators, produces the deuteron of two kinds of different kinetic energy, realizes
Knock into the back and bump against deuteron fusion, thoroughly overcome the shortcomings that accelerating deuteron bombardment heavy water target with one group of accelerator, be also non-fusion deuterium
The recovery of core creates condition.
Poly-nuclear device：Deuteron is in the operation in nuclear fusion area, and part nucleon may deviate operation axle for various reasons
Line and cause energy loss, can be produced in magnetic field using charged particle deflection principle design poly-nuclear device can keep this
A little nucleons do not produce deviation, so as to be greatly enhanced nuclear fusion efficiency.
Return mechanism：Using the deflecting action in magnetic field, the device can gather the high energy duteron that nuclear fusion does not occur and core
The intermediate product of change process-such as tritium (T), helium 3 (3) etc. He nuclear fusion area is returned to, continues to participate in fusion reaction, therefore can be abundant
Using the high energy duteron and the energy of the intermediate product of nuclear fusion process that nuclear fusion does not occur, so as to greatly improve the effect of nuclear fusion
Rate, reduce input energy, be to realize that controllable deuteron fusion output energy is more than one of key device of input energy.
3) self-con-tained unit of closed loop：In key position (such as high temperature and high pressure steam outlet) install sensor, deuterium is automatically adjusted
Core enters the valve in nuclear fusion area, to automatically control the level of deuteron fusion.
4) reliable safety guard：Measurement sensor is installed in each key position, when measuring danger signal, immediately
Alarm is sent, and closes deuterium " valve "；If danger signal does not exclude, start deuteron recoverable capsule immediately and return and receive magnetic field in device
Reverser, make reversing magnetic field, all light nucleus (including proton, deuteron, triton etc.) deviate nuclear fusion area immediately, terminate core and gather
Become.
Brief description of the drawings
Fig. 1 controllable continuous deuteron fusion generating systems structure charts.
In figure：1- heavy water tanks, 2- valves, 3- D O separators, 4- deuterium tanks, 5- oxygen tanks, 6- valves, 7- deuteriums ionization dress
Put, 8- internally piloted valves, 9- electronics utilizes device, 10- deuteron particle accelerators, 11- internally piloted valves, 12- deuteron accelerators, 13- steamers
Generating set, 14- neutron recovers, 15- vacuum separators, 16- recoverable capsules, 17- poly-nuclear devices, 18- energy exchangers, 19- schools
Quasi- device, 20- return receipts device, 21- nuclear fusion devices.
Embodiment
In conjunction with embodiment and accompanying drawing, the invention will be further described.
By Fig. 1, a kind of controllable continuous deuteron fusion generating systems of the invention, mainly including pretreating device, nuclear fusion
Device, vacuum plant, retracting device, energy exchanger and safety guard.
The pretreating device mainly includes D O separator 3,7,2 internally piloted valves 8 of deuterium ionization device and 11 and 2 groups of grains
Sub- accelerator 10 and 12.Heavy water is exported by heavy water tank 1, enters D O separator 3 through valve 2, heavy water is resolved into deuterium and oxygen,
Deuterium enters deuterium tank, then enters deuterium ionization device 7 by valve 6 and deuterium is ionized into deuteron, is then divided into two-way, leads to respectively
Cross internally piloted valve 8 and 11 and enter particle accelerator 10 and 12, being accelerated into two-way deuteron has the high speed deuteron stream of different-energy, and full
The kinetic energy difference of two bundle of particle of foot is more than 105EV, i.e. Δ E=E1-E2＞ 105EV, subsequently into nuclear fusion device 21.
The nuclear fusion device 21 mainly includes calibrator 19, poly-nuclear device 17, nuclear fusion area, recoverable capsule 16 and returns receipts device
20.Calibrator 19 calibrates the position that two beam deuteron particles enter nuclear fusion area by magnetic field to Lorentz force caused by charged particle
Put and direction, assemble them and move on the same axis.Deuteron is in the operation in nuclear fusion area, part core for various reasons
Son may deviate Runtime Infrastructure and cause energy loss, can be produced in magnetic field using charged particle deflection principle design it is poly-
Core device 17 can keep these nucleons not produce deviation, so as to be greatly enhanced nuclear fusion efficiency.Accelerated deuteron particle exists
Under the constraint of poly-nuclear device 17, impact fusion is produced in nuclear fusion area, is given off energy；Intermediate product tritium and helium 3 after fusion with
And the deuteron of non-fusion by recoverable capsule 16, return and receive device 20 and return to nuclear fusion area, impact fusion reaction is continued to participate in, to improve effect
Rate.
The retracting device mainly includes vacuum separator 15 and neutron recover 14, and vacuum separator 15 is used to reclaim instead
Should in generation helium (4He), caused neutron is reclaimed by neutron recover 14 in reaction.
Deuteron accelerates, the running of nucleon and nuclear fusion area will be pumped into high vacuum, and the vacuum plant provides system
Required high vacuum state.
The energy that nuclear fusion discharges makes water become superheated steam by the energy exchanger 18, for turbine generator
Unit 13, which generates electricity, to be exported.
The safety guard includes self-con-tained unit and security protection module.
The self-con-tained unit of closed loop is included in each key position, such as the sensor of high temperature and high pressure steam outlet installation, center control
The data that device processed is reported according to sensor, the internally piloted valve 8 and 11 that deuteron enters nuclear fusion device 21 is automatically adjusted, to automatically control deuterium
The level of nuclear fusion.
Efficient security protection module provides the safety guarantee of whole system, is included in the sensing of each key position installation
Device, when measuring danger signal, alarm is sent immediately, and close deuterium main valve 2.If danger signal does not exclude, start deuterium immediately
Core recoverable capsule 16 and the reverser for receiving magnetic field in device 20 is returned, make reversing magnetic field, make all light nucleus (including proton, deuteron, triton
Deng) deviate nuclear fusion area immediately, terminate nuclear fusion.
Claims (1)
- A kind of 1. controllable continuous deuteron fusion generating systems, it is characterised in that：Mainly include pretreating device, nuclear fusion device, Retracting device, vacuum plant, energy exchanger and safety guard；The pretreating device mainly includes D O separator（3）, deuterium ionization device（7）, 2 internally piloted valves（8,11）With 2 groups Particle accelerator（10,12）；Wherein D O separator（3）Heavy water is resolved into deuterium and oxygen, deuterium ionization device（7）By deuterium Gas is ionized into deuteron, and the deuteron after ionization is divided into two-way and enters 2 groups of particle accelerators by 2 internally piloted valves respectively, Two-way deuteron is accelerated into two beams has the high speed deuteron stream of different-energy, and meets Δ E=E1-E2﹥ 105EV, wherein Δ E are two Energy differences after the deuteron acceleration of road, E1Energy value after accelerating for deuteron all the way, E2Energy after accelerating for another way deuteron Value；The nuclear fusion device（21）Mainly include calibrator（19）, poly-nuclear device（17）, nuclear fusion area, recoverable capsule（16）Received with returning Device（20）；Calibrator（19）Nuclear fusion is entered to calibrate two beam deuteron particles to Lorentz force caused by charged particle by magnetic field The position and direction in area, assemble them and move on the same axis, and in poly-nuclear device（17）Constraint under, nuclear fusion area produce Raw impact fusion, intermediate product tritium and helium 3 and the deuteron of non-fusion after fusion pass through recoverable capsule（16）, return receipts device（20）Return Go back to nuclear fusion area and continue to participate in impact fusion；The retracting device mainly includes vacuum separator（15）With neutron recover（14）, for reclaiming caused helium in reaction （4He）And neutron；High vacuum state needed for the vacuum plant offer system；The energy exchanger（18）, for can export into other formation by energy conversion caused by fusion；The safety guard includes self-con-tained unit and security protection module；The self-con-tained unit installation deuteron sensor of closed loop, The valve that deuteron enters particle accelerator is automatically adjusted according to measured value, automatically controls the level of deuteron fusion；Efficient safety Protection module provides the safety guarantee of whole system, and security protection module installs measurement sensor, when measuring danger signal, immediately Alarm is sent, closes deuterium valve if necessary, if danger signal does not exclude, starts deuteron recoverable capsule immediately and returns and receive in device FR switchs, and makes reversing magnetic field, all light nucleus is deviateed nuclear fusion area immediately, stops nuclear fusion.
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| CN201210302252.0A CN103219051B (en) | 2012-08-23 | 2012-08-23 | Controllable continuous deuteron fusion generating systems |
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| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
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| CN104900289A (en) * | 2015-04-07 | 2015-09-09 | 清华大学 | Method, device and system for preparing tritium |
| CN114566296A (en) * | 2022-03-31 | 2022-05-31 | 戴文韬 | Hydrogen, deuterium and tritium alloy reactor nuclear fusion method and device |
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| WO1990013125A1 (en) * | 1989-04-26 | 1990-11-01 | Brigham Young University | Piezonuclear fusion |
| CN1229255A (en) * | 1999-03-04 | 1999-09-22 | 卢杲 | Main equipment of spherical magnetic confinement nuclear fusion reactor |
| CN1277439A (en) * | 1999-06-14 | 2000-12-20 | 毛法根 | Normal-temperature nuclear fusion energy convertor |
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2012
- 2012-08-23 CN CN201210302252.0A patent/CN103219051B/en not_active Expired - Fee Related
Patent Citations (3)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| WO1990013125A1 (en) * | 1989-04-26 | 1990-11-01 | Brigham Young University | Piezonuclear fusion |
| CN1229255A (en) * | 1999-03-04 | 1999-09-22 | 卢杲 | Main equipment of spherical magnetic confinement nuclear fusion reactor |
| CN1277439A (en) * | 1999-06-14 | 2000-12-20 | 毛法根 | Normal-temperature nuclear fusion energy convertor |
Non-Patent Citations (1)
| Title |
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| 核爆氘-氘聚变能电站——聚变能和平利用的一种可能的途径;刘成安;《原子核物理评论》;20071220;第24卷(第4期);328-332 * |
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