CN103216952A - Internal circulation type solid particle air heat absorber for solar thermal power generation - Google Patents
Internal circulation type solid particle air heat absorber for solar thermal power generation Download PDFInfo
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- CN103216952A CN103216952A CN2013101298992A CN201310129899A CN103216952A CN 103216952 A CN103216952 A CN 103216952A CN 2013101298992 A CN2013101298992 A CN 2013101298992A CN 201310129899 A CN201310129899 A CN 201310129899A CN 103216952 A CN103216952 A CN 103216952A
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- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02E—REDUCTION OF GREENHOUSE GAS [GHG] EMISSIONS, RELATED TO ENERGY GENERATION, TRANSMISSION OR DISTRIBUTION
- Y02E10/00—Energy generation through renewable energy sources
- Y02E10/40—Solar thermal energy, e.g. solar towers
- Y02E10/44—Heat exchange systems
Abstract
The invention discloses an internal circulation type solid particle air heat absorber for solar thermal power generation. A light inlet window (9) is formed in one side, which faces the projection of a condensation radiant energy flow (8), of a water absorber cavity (1). Solid particles (2) are positioned in the heat absorber cavity (1). An air inlet duct (3) is positioned in the heat absorber cavity (1). Open holes (4) are reserved in the wall surface of the air inlet duct (3). One end of the air inlet duct (3) is sealed, and the other end of the air inlet duct (3) is used as an air inlet (6) which is positioned in the bottom or the lateral surface or the top of the heat absorber cavity (1). An air outlet (10) is positioned in the top of the heat absorber cavity (1). Air under temperature of 700 to 1,300 DEG C and normal pressure or pressure of more than 1MPa can be obtained.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to a kind of tower type solar energy thermal power generation air heat-absorbing device.
Background technology
Expanding economy be unable to do without energy support, and energy problem and environmental problem are significant problems of decision 21 century human development prospect.China recent years is actively advocated comprising the development and use of renewable new forms of energy such as wind energy, solar energy, solar energy thermal-power-generating has clean and effective, characteristics such as reliable and stable, perfect along with technological progress and industrial system, will progressively improve its technology and economic advantages, become the important way that solar energy utilizes.
Solar energy tower type thermal generation is by many heliostats of following the tracks of solar motions solar radiation to be reflexed in the heat dump that is positioned on the tower to obtain high-temperature heat-transfer medium, the high temperature heat transfer fluid directly or indirectly by the electricity generation system of thermodynamic cycle, mainly comprises heliostat, solar tower, heat dump, thermal storage device and generating set etc.Heat dump is the key core parts of tower system photo-thermal conversion, and its performance directly influences overall system efficiency.Difference according to heat transfer medium in the heat dump, operation and mainly comprise water/steam, fuse salt in the tower power station of grinding and three kinds of air in the world at present, wherein, as the heat absorption and the heat transfer medium of solar energy tower type thermal generation system following advantage is arranged with air: the running temperature height, be easy to operation and maintenance, start soon, insulation that need not add and cold start-up heating system etc. are important directions of following tower-type thermal power station high efficiency development.During the operation of high temperature positive displacement air heat-absorbing device, because the Salar light-gathering energy-flux density is high and have inhomogeneities and unstability, absorber material thermal stress damage, air flow stability difference and the reliability that causes is not high to be the main bottleneck of restriction air heat-absorbing device development.The granular pattern air heat-absorbing device is the new direction of air heat-absorbing device development, compare with early stage air heat-absorbing device, the granular pattern air heat-absorbing device has himself special advantages: 1) solid particle can effectively be alleviated the heat dump uneven problem of being heated, thereby reduces heat dump hot-spot phenomenon and improve heat dump efficient; 2) solid particle can be used as heat-storage medium, does not need extra heat reservoir.The granular pattern air heat-absorbing device is expected to improve existing heat dump performance, promotes the development of solar energy thermal-power-generating technology, thereby obtains countries in the world researcher's extensive concern.U.S. Pat 58881035 has announced that it is the heat dump of heat-transfer fluid with compressed air that employing has particle, and its temperature can be heated to 800 ℃, and this heat dump can't be applied to higher temperature, and process thermal loss is bigger in the middle of it.The solid particle heat dump maximum operating temperature that U.S. Pat 5510109103 is announced is 900 ℃, owing to adopt labyrinth to improve heat dump efficient, reliability is not high.U.S. Pat 31009732 has been announced a kind of solid particle heat absorber system, solid particle and the air circulation utilization after solid particle separation, heat exchange of heated solid particle-air mixture, the gas-solid mixture temperature is at 500-860 ℃, but the heat dump complex structure, efficient is not high.Chinese patent CN112136335A has proposed a kind of solid particle air heat-absorbing device based on the quartz tube bank, owing to adopt the quartz ampoule structure, the quartz ampoule interfascicular assignment of traffic and the unequal problem of being heated are difficult to solve.
Summary of the invention
The purpose of this invention is to provide a kind of solar energy thermal-power-generating internal-circulation type solid particle air heat-absorbing device, because the Salar light-gathering energy-flux density is high and have inhomogeneities and unstability, cause absorber material thermal stress damage, flow stability difference and the not high shortcoming of reliability to overcome air heat-absorbing device in the existing solar energy thermal-power-generating station.
Internal-circulation type solid particle air heat-absorbing device of the present invention is made up of heat dump cavity, air induction conduit, solid particle, optical transmission window, air intlet, air outlet slit etc.Described heat dump cavity is a cylindrical shape or square, and internal storage has solid particle.The heat dump cavity adopts exotic material such as pottery or heat-resisting alloy steel or quartz glass making, and air induction conduit adopts exotic material such as pottery or heat-resisting alloy steel to make, and optical transmission window adopts high transmission rate and resistant to elevated temperatures quartz glass to make.Described solid particle is an absorber, and air is a heat-transfer fluid, utilizes the high temperature resistant and high absorptive rate of radiation characteristic of solid particle to realize efficient heat absorption, and is grain fluidized to realize high efficient heat exchanging between air and solid particle by making.Air induction conduit is fixed in the heat dump cavity, have several perforates on the axial direction of air induction conduit, cold air flows in the air induction conduit from the air intlet of heat dump, and the perforate from air induction conduit flows out in the heat dump cavity, and solid particle is circulated in the heat dump cavity.The sealing of air induction conduit one end, the other end is as air intlet, and air intlet is positioned at bottom or the side or the top of heat dump cavity.Air outlet slit is positioned at heat dump cavity top.Optical transmission window is the part of heat dump cavity, is positioned at the side of heat dump cavity in the face of the projection of optically focused radiant flux.Optical transmission window is made by quartz glass usually, is used for the optically focused radiant flux is transmitted through heat dump inside.Heat dump is operated in hot environment, and the part of heat dump except that optical transmission window all is coated with the high-temperature-resistant thermal-insulation layer, to reduce scattering and disappearing of heat.The solid particle free accumulation was not in the heat dump cavity when heat dump was worked; During heat dump work, cold air flows into air induction conduit from air intlet, and the perforate from air induction conduit flows out in the heat dump cavity, under action of air pressure, the solid particle that is piled up in the heat dump cavity is blown afloat, solid particle is circulated in the heat dump cavity, and absorption is from the optically focused radiant flux of optical transmission window transmission, the gravity effect of the buoyancy lift of air and solid particle makes the solid particle in the heat dump cavity fully collide and fully contact with air, realize that the efficient heat convection between cold air and solid particle becomes hot-air, hot-air flows out from air outlet slit.
The present invention selects exotic materials such as carborundum, silicon nitride, graphite, carbon black as solid particle, can use in 1200 ℃ and higher temperature scope, has guaranteed that air heat-absorbing device of the present invention can be used for higher temperature.The thermal conductivity factor height of solid particles such as carborundum, silicon nitride, graphite, and have very high absorptive rate of radiation, by design coating of particles and size, can absorb the solar radiant energy of input to greatest extent.Solid particle group has bigger specific area, has guaranteed can obtain higher heat transfer efficiency between air and absorber in the heat transfer process.Because air induction conduit, heat dump wall, optical transmission window are subjected to the heating of optically focused radiant flux always, cold air enters between back and air induction conduit in the heat dump, heat dump wall, optical transmission window heat convection also takes place, played cooling effect, can to a certain degree avoid the heat damage of crossing of these parts air induction conduit, heat dump wall, optical transmission window.Collision between collision between solid particle and solid particle and heat dump internal face, the temperature that helps in the heat dump is even, avoided the overheated coking of regional area particle swarm in the heat dump, effectively eliminated absorber material part " hot spot " influence in the positive displacement heat dump, can improve the security of heat dump, increase the service life.Solid particles flowing has the heat accumulation function, can avoid within a certain period of time air themperature than great fluctuation process.
The present invention is simple in structure, flow regime stable and controllable in the reliability height, heat dump.By the shape and the size of demand design solid particle, adjust the air intake flow in addition, can realize the efficient absorption of the optically focused radiant flux that drops into and efficiently add hot-air, obtain 700 ℃-1300 ℃, normal pressure or 1MPa high temperature air with upward pressure.
Description of drawings
Fig. 1 internal-circulation type solid particle of the present invention air heat-absorbing device schematic diagram;
Fig. 2 internal-circulation type solid particle of the present invention air heat-absorbing device air induction conduit schematic diagram;
Fig. 3 internal-circulation type solid particle of the present invention air heat-absorbing device air induction conduit air flow schematic diagram;
Fig. 4 internal-circulation type solid particle of the present invention air heat-absorbing device vertical view;
Fig. 5 internal-circulation type solid particle of the present invention air heat-absorbing device top air inlet schematic diagram;
Fig. 6 internal-circulation type solid particle of the present invention air heat-absorbing device side air inlet schematic diagram.
Among the figure: 1 heat dump cavity, 2 solid particles, 3 air induction conduits, 4 perforates, 5 bases, 6 air intlets, 7 cold airs, 8 optically focused radiant fluxes, 9 optical transmission windows, 10 air outlet slits, 11 hot-airs.
The specific embodiment
Further specify the present invention below in conjunction with the drawings and specific embodiments.
Figure 1 shows that internal-circulation type solid particle air heat-absorbing device of the present invention.This heat dump is by heat dump cavity 1, solid particle 2, air induction conduit 3, air intlet 6, optical transmission window 9, and air outlet slit 10 is formed.Heat dump cavity 1 is a cylindrical shape or square, is made by exotic material.Base 5 is the part of heat dump cavity 1, is positioned at the bottom of heat dump cavity 1, is tightly connected with heat dump cavity 1, is made by exotic material.Air induction conduit 3 is fixed in the heat dump cavity 1.The sealing of air induction conduit 3 one ends, the other end is as air intlet 6.Optical transmission window 9 is the part of heat dump cavity 1, is positioned at the side of heat dump cavity 1 in the face of 8 projections of optically focused radiant flux.Optical transmission window 9 is made by quartz glass usually, is used for optically focused radiant flux 8 is transmitted through heat dump cavity 1 inside.Optical transmission window 9 is tightly connected with heat dump cavity 1, can bear certain pressure to guarantee heat dump cavity 1, and prevent that solid particle 2 and air from flowing out from heat dump cavity 1.The characteristic of the optically focused radiant flux 8 that the shape of optical transmission window 9, size and thickness are dropped into determines that its principle is that the optically focused radiant flux 8 that is fed on the optical transmission window 9 is all absorbed by solid particle 2 as much as possible.Solid particle 2 when heat dump is not worked free accumulation in heat dump cavity 1.Solid particle 2 has higher absorptive rate of radiation, can use for a long time in temperature more than 1200 ℃, solid particle 2 is sphere, elliposoidal or other shapes, its size can be the same or different, parameters such as its shape, diameter and density are by the speed, the pressure that flow into the cold air 7 in the heat dump cavity 1, and the size of optically focused radiant flux 8 and the decision that distributes, its principle is to realize solid particle 2 and cold air 7 abundant heat exchange and keep flow regime clocklike, and the material of solid particle 2 can be silicon carbide ceramics, graphite, silicon nitride ceramics etc.Air intlet 6 is positioned at bottom or the side or the top of heat dump cavity 1, and its shape can be circular, square or other shape, and its design principle is to guarantee that cold air 7 can enter in the heat dump cavity 1 smoothly; When air intlet 6 was positioned at heat dump cavity 1 bottom, air induction conduit 3 passed base 5 and is fixed in the heat dump cavity 1, was tightly connected with base 5.Air outlet slit 10 is positioned at the top of heat dump cavity 1.Air outlet slit 10 shapes can be circular, square or other shape, and its design principle is to guarantee that hot-air 11 can flow out outside the heat dump cavity 1 smoothly.Have several perforates 4 on the axial direction of air induction conduit 3, cold air 7 flows in the air induction conduits 3 from air intlet 6, and the perforate 4 from air induction conduit 3 flows out in the heat dump cavity 1, and solid particle 2 is circulated in heat dump cavity 1.
During heat dump work, cold air 7 flows in the air induction conduit 3 from air intlet 6, and the perforate 4 from air induction conduit 3 flows out in the heat dump cavity 1, solid particle 2 near perforate 4 will up be moved along heat dump cavity 1 wall by the effect of cold air 7, to certain altitude, fall along optical transmission window 9 and heat dump cavity 1 wall, solid particle 2 is blown afloat by the cold air 7 from air intlet 6 again after falling to heat dump cavity 1 bottom, thereby solid particle 2 is circulated in heat dump cavity 1.Because be subjected to the effects such as impact force of buoyancy lift, solid particle 2 self gravitations and the solid particle 2 of air, solid particle 2 remains motion state in heat dump cavity 1.The optically focused radiant flux 8 that provides through the Salar light-gathering field is projected to the outer surface of optical transmission window 9, most radiant energy of optically focused radiant flux 8 see through optical transmission window 9 to the heat dump with on the air solid particles flowing 2.Solid particle 2 has higher absorptivity, and optically focused radiant flux 8 is absorbed and be converted into the heat energy of solid particle 2 by solid particle 2, and small part optically focused radiant flux 8 is absorbed by optical transmission window 9, air induction conduit 3 and heat dump cavity 1 wall.Heated solid particle 2, optical transmission window 9, air induction conduit 3 and heat dump cavity 1 wall with carry out heat convection from the cold air 7 of air intlet 6, cold air 7 is heated to be hot-air 11 backs and flows out from air outlet slit 10, has realized the conversion of solar energy to air heat energy.
Figure 2 shows that air induction conduit 3 schematic diagrames, air induction conduit 3 can be pipe or square tube, also can make by exotic material for straight tube or bend pipe, and end sealing, the other end is as air intlet 6.Cold air 7 flows into the air induction conduits 3 from air intlet 6, and the perforate 4 from air induction conduit 3 flows out, as shown in Figure 3.Perforate 4 is positioned on half wall of axial direction of air induction conduit 3.The shape of air induction conduit 3, quantity and distribution be by the decision of the design power of heat dump, and for one or more, when the quantity of air induction conduit 3 during more than one, its distribution form can be the arranged in a straight line or circumferential arrangement along wall; The size of air induction conduit 3 need guarantee that it can put into heat dump cavity 1 smoothly.The shape of perforate 4 can be square, circular or other shapes, also can arm be installed in perforate 4 in order to water conservancy diversion, the size of perforate 4 need guarantee that perforate 4 can open on the wall of air induction conduit 3, the quantity of perforate 4 and distribution are by the specification and the manufacture craft decision of heat dump, its principle is to guarantee that solid particle 2 circulates in heat dump cavity 1 and thermally equivalent, improves heat dump efficient.
Figure 4 shows that heat dump vertical view of the present invention, the internal face of half wall of perforate 4 towards heat dump cavity 1 arranged on the air induction conduit 3, second half wall is towards optical transmission window 9, that is: the exterior normal direction that is in center perforate 4 is consistent with the direction of optically focused radiant flux 8; Shape, size, the volume fraction of solid particle 2 in the heat dump cavity 1, the speed of cold air 7, pressure, and heat dump design fluidized state are depended in the position of air induction conduit 3.
Figure 5 shows that heat dump of the present invention adopts top air inlet schematic diagram, air intlet 6 is positioned at the top of heat dump cavity 1.To be positioned at the heat dump structure and the course of work of heat dump cavity 1 bottom similar for air intlet 6 among the heat dump structure and the course of work and Fig. 1.The bottom of air induction conduit 3 can contact also and can not contact with base 5, depends on shape, size, the volume fraction of solid particle 2 in the heat dump, the speed of cold air 7 and heat dump design fluidized state.
Figure 6 shows that heat dump of the present invention adopts side air inlet schematic diagram, air intlet 6 is positioned at the side of heat dump cavity 1, air induction conduit 3 and the sealing of heat dump cavity 1 junction.To be positioned at the heat dump structure and the course of work of heat dump cavity 1 bottom similar for air intlet 6 among the heat dump structure and the course of work and Fig. 1.Air induction conduit 3 bottoms can contact also and can not contact with base 5, depend on shape, size, the volume fraction of solid particle 2 in the heat dump, the speed and the heat dump design fluidized state of cold air 7.
Claims (5)
1. a solar energy thermal-power-generating is with internal-circulation type solid particle air heat-absorbing device, it is characterized in that described heat dump is made up of heat dump cavity (1), solid particle (2), air induction conduit (3), air intlet (6), optical transmission window (9) and air outlet slit (10); Described optical transmission window (9) is positioned at the side of heat dump cavity (1) in the face of optically focused radiant flux (8) projection, optical transmission window (9) and the sealing of heat dump cavity (1) junction; Described solid particle (2) is deposited in the heat dump cavity (1); Described air induction conduit (3) is fixed in the heat dump cavity (1); Described air induction conduit (3) has perforate (4) on its axial direction; Described air induction conduit (3) one ends sealing, the other end is as air intlet (6); Described air outlet slit (10) is positioned at the top of heat dump cavity (1).
2. according to the described solar energy thermal-power-generating of claim 1 internal-circulation type solid particle air heat-absorbing device, it is characterized in that described air intlet (6) is positioned at bottom or the side or the top of heat dump cavity (1).
3. according to the described solar energy thermal-power-generating of claim 1 internal-circulation type solid particle air heat-absorbing device, it is characterized in that described air induction conduit (3) is pipe or square tube, straight tube or bend pipe; When the quantity of air induction conduit (3) during more than one, described air induction conduit (3) is along the arranged in a straight line or circumferential arrangement of heat dump cavity (1) wall.
4. according to the described solar energy thermal-power-generating of claim 1 internal-circulation type solid particle air heat-absorbing device, it is characterized in that the perforate (4) on the described air induction conduit (3) is positioned on half wall of air induction conduit (3); Air induction conduit (3) has half wall of perforate (4) towards heat dump cavity (1) internal face, and second half wall is towards optical transmission window (9).
5. according to claim 1 or 4 described solar energy thermal-power-generatings internal-circulation type solid particle air heat-absorbing device, it is characterized in that going up the installation arm in order to water conservancy diversion in described perforate (4).
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Cited By (8)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
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| CN103423887A (en) * | 2013-08-05 | 2013-12-04 | 中国科学院电工研究所 | Fluidized bed air heat absorber used for solar thermal power generation |
| CN105135716A (en) * | 2015-09-28 | 2015-12-09 | 中国科学院电工研究所 | Tubular solar heat absorber provided with insert and solid particles |
| CN107345714A (en) * | 2017-07-25 | 2017-11-14 | 广东五星太阳能股份有限公司 | A kind of solar high-temperature air heat dump based on flow solids particle |
| CN112113452A (en) * | 2020-08-24 | 2020-12-22 | 广东省科学院稀有金属研究所 | Hydride heat storage system utilizing thermal radiation for heat dissipation and application |
| CN112344572A (en) * | 2020-09-23 | 2021-02-09 | 广东省科学院稀有金属研究所 | Hydride heat storage system and method for direct illumination heating |
| CN113048658A (en) * | 2021-03-12 | 2021-06-29 | 华中科技大学 | Uninterrupted-operation fluidized bed type solar particle heat absorption and storage system |
| US11193695B2 (en) * | 2016-12-26 | 2021-12-07 | Institute Of Modern Physics, Chinese Academy Of Sciences | Solar heat absorber, solar heat collecting system and solar power generation system with ceramic particles |
| CN113983703A (en) * | 2017-02-01 | 2022-01-28 | 马迦迪动力股份公司 | Apparatus, system and method for high energy efficiency using thermal energy from the sun |
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Cited By (9)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN103423887A (en) * | 2013-08-05 | 2013-12-04 | 中国科学院电工研究所 | Fluidized bed air heat absorber used for solar thermal power generation |
| CN103423887B (en) * | 2013-08-05 | 2015-02-11 | 中国科学院电工研究所 | Fluidized bed air heat absorber used for solar thermal power generation |
| CN105135716A (en) * | 2015-09-28 | 2015-12-09 | 中国科学院电工研究所 | Tubular solar heat absorber provided with insert and solid particles |
| US11193695B2 (en) * | 2016-12-26 | 2021-12-07 | Institute Of Modern Physics, Chinese Academy Of Sciences | Solar heat absorber, solar heat collecting system and solar power generation system with ceramic particles |
| CN113983703A (en) * | 2017-02-01 | 2022-01-28 | 马迦迪动力股份公司 | Apparatus, system and method for high energy efficiency using thermal energy from the sun |
| CN107345714A (en) * | 2017-07-25 | 2017-11-14 | 广东五星太阳能股份有限公司 | A kind of solar high-temperature air heat dump based on flow solids particle |
| CN112113452A (en) * | 2020-08-24 | 2020-12-22 | 广东省科学院稀有金属研究所 | Hydride heat storage system utilizing thermal radiation for heat dissipation and application |
| CN112344572A (en) * | 2020-09-23 | 2021-02-09 | 广东省科学院稀有金属研究所 | Hydride heat storage system and method for direct illumination heating |
| CN113048658A (en) * | 2021-03-12 | 2021-06-29 | 华中科技大学 | Uninterrupted-operation fluidized bed type solar particle heat absorption and storage system |
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