CN103211087B - Bionic micro-ecology pig feed - Google Patents
Bionic micro-ecology pig feed Download PDFInfo
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- CN103211087B CN103211087B CN201310151253.4A CN201310151253A CN103211087B CN 103211087 B CN103211087 B CN 103211087B CN 201310151253 A CN201310151253 A CN 201310151253A CN 103211087 B CN103211087 B CN 103211087B
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Abstract
An antibiotics feed has bad consequences to the human body and the environment. The invention provides an antibiotics-free pure natural bionic micro-ecology pig feed. A preparation method of the feed comprises the following steps of: adding mixed bacteria prepared according to the type and the proportion of probiotics in piglets (the piglets which are tri-hybridized by the Luchuan maternal line of high-quality pig breeds in China and the extrapyramidal boar in Europe and America) into the common feed components, and fermenting. The bionic micro-ecology pig feed provided by the invention is mellow in smell, and high in the content of absorbable factors, and the feed components can be easily absorbed by the pigs; the feed is long in quality guarantee period; and after the feed provided by the invention is used, the immunity of the pig can be improved, the content of unsaturated fatty acid in the meat can be increased, the feed is high in percent conversion, and the feed can partially or wholly substitute the antibiotics to be cultivated in a health-care way.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to a kind of pig feed, especially a kind of bionical micro-ecological pig feed, belongs to cultural technique field.
Background technology
Along with the development of economic society and the raising of people's living standard, safety, green non-pollution livestock product more and more welcomed by the people.And the at present use of feeding antibiotic has not only caused the agricultural and animal products Quality Downs such as the weakening of letting animals feed resistance against diseases, meat, egg and milk, if antibiotic improper use, also can, at accumulation antibiotic in fowl poultry, enter in human body by food chain, health is formed to serious threat.To China meat, outlet has caused huge loss to more and more stricter antibiotics leftover detection, finds that a kind of the sustainable development to China's aquaculture and human food's safety are most important containing antibiotic green safety feed.
Summary of the invention
The invention provides one not containing the bionical micro-ecological pig feed of antibiotic pure natural, to avoid antibiotic feed to cause adverse effect to human and environment, improve efficiency of feed utilization simultaneously.
Technical solution problem of the present invention adopts following technical scheme:
The invention provides a kind of bionical micro-ecological pig feed, it forms content by weight percentage and is:
Corn 40-50%,
Dregs of beans 20-30%,
Wheat bran 20-30%,
Glucose 5-10%,
FOS 1-5%,
Mix probio 1-10%,
Compound Chinese herb 1-5%,
Amino acid additive 0.1-5%.
Wherein, described amino acid additive comprises lysine, threonine, methionine, arginine, glutamic acid; Mix probio and comprise lactobacillus, Bifidobacterium, clostridium butyricum, streptococcus thermophilus and saccharomycete; Compound Chinese herb comprises the Radix Astragali, dried orange peel, Radix Glycyrrhizae, Radix Isatidis and hawthorn.
Further, the percentage that the weight of described amino acid additive composition accounts for its gross weight is respectively:
Lysine 20-30%,
Threonine 15-25%,
Methionine 5-16%,
Arginine: 14-25%,
Glutamic acid 4-15%;
The percentage that the kind of described mixing probio and weight account for its gross weight is:
Lactobacillus 40-60%,
Bifidobacterium 20-30%,
Clostridium butyricum 5-15%,
Streptococcus thermophilus 2-8%,
Saccharomycete 1-7%;
The percentage that the weight of the composition of described compound Chinese herb accounts for its gross weight is:
Radix Astragali 5-25%,
Dried orange peel 10-30%,
Radix Glycyrrhizae 15-40%,
Radix Isatidis 20-50%,
Hawthorn 20-50%.
Further, described corn, dregs of beans and wheat bran are all through pulverizing and cross 0.6 millimeter of screen cloth.
Wherein, mix probio copy piggy (with the good pig kind of China Luchuan maternal with Europe, be the piggy that boar carries out three way cross outside the U.S.) probio kind and ratio preparation in body.
Separation and the cultivation of five kinds of main beneficial bacteriums in pig body:
1, the separation of swine alimentary canal lactobacillus, purifying:
Sample collection: select the healthy weanling pigs of 33 ages in days (with the good pig kind of China Luchuan maternal with Europe, the U.S. outside be that boar carries out the piggy that three way cross was produced) 1, heart depletion method is put to death, cut open the chest to expose whole alimentary canal, two ends ligation piecemeal from stomach bottom.Divide 16 samples such as Stomach duodenum leading portion, duodenum stage casing, duodenum back segment, jejunum leading portion, jejunum stage casing, jejunum back segment, ileum, caecum leading portion, caecum stage casing, caecum back segment, colon ascendens leading portion, colon ascendens stage casing, colon ascendens back segment, colon descendens, rectum.Carry out immediately the separation of lactobacillus.
Separate: sterile working is got the appropriate content in the each position of alimentary canal and intestinal mucosa scraping thing in filling the bottle of 2mL sterile saline, and vibration shakes up.Dip a small amount of suspension streak inoculation to fresh MRS flat board with platinum ear, flat board is put into CO2gas incubator and cultivate.Condition of culture: 5% carbon dioxide, 37 ℃ (the lactobacillus condition of culture below relating to if no special instructions, is identical therewith); Incubation time: 36h.
Purifying: single bacterium colony of different shape on picking 36h culture plate (10 of each sample pickings, 10 person's repeated samplings of less than) carries out MRS plate streaking purifying, continuous purification 2-3 time.When last purifying, according to the different bacterium colony of different parts selected part form, perform mark, as the bacterial strain of primary screening test.After in addition all bacterial strains being cultivated with liquid MRS expansion, adding 1/4 volume glycerine saves backup in-80 ℃.
MRS medium component: peptone 0.5g, beef extract 0.5g, yeast extract 0.5g, Tween 80 0.05mL, glucose 1g, distilled water 100mL, adds the about 0.14mL of 1.6% bromocresol purple solution.
2, the separation of Bifidobacterium in piglet ight soil
Gather all ages and classes stage from pig farm nearby get healthy Luchuan sow be the ight soil of the sucking pig of boar, the fresh ight soil that they are once discharged is collected respectively in preprepared clean polybag, and discharges the air in bag rapidly.After sampling, separate and cultivate rapidly.
3, saccharomycetic separation in piglet ight soil
From pig farm nearby get healthy Luchuan sow be the piglet ight soil of boar, after liquid nitrogen frozen, transport back, preserve in low temperature refrigerator (85 ℃).
Get piglet ight soil dilution suitable multiple, be inoculated in wort agar culture medium or yeast enrichment culture medium, after 28 ℃ of cultivation 24h, observe.Selecting yeast strain reserves seed for planting in malt extract medium.
3.1 malt extract medium compositions
Brewer's wort powder 20g, powdered glucose 10g, water 1000mL.
3.2 wort agar medium components
Brewer's wort powder 20g, powdered glucose 10g, agar 20g, water 1000mL.
Method: get piglet ight soil dilution suitable multiple, be inoculated in wort agar culture medium, observe after 28 ℃ of cultivation 24h.Selecting yeast strain reserves seed for planting in malt extract medium.4, the separation of streptococcus thermophilus in piglet ight soil
4.1 isolation medium
BCG cow's milk medium component:
(A) solution: skimmed milk powder 20g, water 1000mL, adds 1.6% bromocresol purple ethanolic solution 0.2mL.80 ℃ of sterilizing 20min;
(B) solution: yeast extract 2g, water 100mL, agar 4g, 121 ℃ of moist heat sterilization 20min.
With sterile working while hot by (A) (B) solution mix after fall 8 flat boards.
4.2 experimental technique
Streptococcus thermophilus isolation and purification
Adopting dilution plate rubbing method to carry out flat board coating fresh yoghurt separates.Yellow bacterium colony (periphery of bacterial colonies culture medium yellowing) on picking culture medium, adopts method of scoring to carry out separation and purification, obtains pure culture.
The Gram's staining of bacterial classification and morphologic observation
The pure culture of separation is rested on BCG cow's milk culture medium, 40 ℃ cultivate 28h, with aseptic inoculation ring get a ring bacterium be uniformly coated on drip have on the slide of sterilized water, natural air drying.After fixing, carry out Gram's staining.After dyeing, observe with microscope oil mirror.
5, the separation screening of clostridium butyricum in swine excrement
5.1 culture medium
(1) clostridium proliferated culture medium (RCM culture medium): when yeast extract 3g, beef extract 10g, tryptone 10g, glucose 5g, soluble starch 1g, sodium chloride 5g, sodium acetate trihydrate 3g, cysteine salt 0.15g, agar 15g(join solid medium with), distilled water 1000mL; Regulate pH to 7.1, sterilizing 20min at 121 ℃.
(2) clostridium selective medium (TSN culture medium): tryptone 15g, yeast soak powder 10g, sodium sulfite 1g, ferrum citricum 0.5g, ovobiocin 0.02g, polymyxins 0.05g, agar 0.5g(while joining solid medium with), distilled water 1000mL, pH7.2,121 ℃ of sterilizing 20min.
(3) seed culture medium: glucose 24.4g, yeast extract 20.8g, tryptone 10g, (NH
4)
2sO
41g, corn steep liquor 3.7g, NaHCO
31.24g, MnSO
40.2g, MgSO
40.2g, CaCl
20.002g and agar 20g(join solid medium and use), distilled water 1000mL, initial pH is 8.55,121 ℃ of sterilizing 20min.
(4) fermentation medium: glucose 20g, beancake powder extract 4g, (NH
4)
2sO
41g, NaHCO
31.24g, corn steep liquor 3.7g, MnSO
40.2g, MgSO
40.2g, CaCl
20.002g and agar 20g(join solid medium and use), distilled water 1000mL, initial pH is 7.3,121 ℃ of sterilizing 20min.
5.2 isolated culture method
In this experiment, use conventional anaerobism cultural method to carry out anaerobic bacteria Liquid Culture, separation and dilution plate counting.The separation of clostridium butyricum: 1, get pig farm pig manure sample 10g, join in 90mL sterilized water, 80 ℃ of water-bath 10min, kill non-Bacillus, proceeds to clostridium propagation fluid nutrient medium, and 37 ℃ of anaerobism are cultivated 48h.2, above-mentioned nutrient solution is placed in to 80 ℃ of water-bath 10min, proceeds to clostridium selected liq culture medium, 37 ℃ of anaerobic selection enrichment culture 48h.3, gradient dilution nutrient solution, coating clostridium selective medium flat board, inserts anaerobic jar, cultivates 48h for 37 ℃.4, the aerobic and anaerobism of photocopy is cultivated, and removes aerobic and facultative anaerobe, obtains strict anaerobes.5, choose that bacterial strain that cultural characteristic, colonial morphology and microscopic morphology all meet clostridium butyricum cultural characteristic carries out Physiology and biochemistry evaluation and 16SrDNA sequence analysis is identified.
The beneficial bacterium that above-mentioned separation is preserved activates respectively with following culture medium and expands cultivation:
The kinds of culture medium of table 1 beneficial bacterium
| Bacterial classification | Kinds of culture medium |
| Lactobacillus | MRS culture medium |
| Bifidobacterium | TPY culture medium |
| Clostridium butyricum | RCM culture medium |
| Streptococcus thermophilus | BCG cow's milk culture medium |
| Saccharomycete | Malt extract medium |
Wherein, bacterial classification being cultured to concentration is 1.0 × 10
8when individual/mL is above, various bacterium is pressed to row weight percentage and mix:
Table 2 mixes the weight percentage of beneficial bacterium
| Strain name | Weight percentage |
| Lactobacillus | 40-60% |
| Bifidobacterium | 20-30% |
| Clostridium butyricum | 5-15% |
| Streptococcus thermophilus | 2-8% |
| Saccharomycete | 1-7% |
Mixed Microbes is mixed with other compositions, pack the 48-72h that ferments in the sealed food level polybag of extraordinary one-way ventilating film into and can make feed of the present invention.Aerobic probio in feed and anaerobism probio are according to the amount reproduction of setting under order environment, forming position is at the advantage profitable strain of active resting state, the ecological environment of this active beneficial bacterium, can effectively suppress the Growth and reproduction of harmful bacteria in regulation, make the feed shelf-life can extend 1-2 month; Can make its moisture below 10%, bring up to 30% by original, thereby guarantee the activity of beneficial bacterium, accelerate the metabolism of zooblast simultaneously.
Compared with prior art, beneficial effect of the present invention is: bionical micro-ecological feed smell sweet-smelling of the present invention, and can absorption factor content high, feed ingredient be more easily absorbed by pig; Shelf-life is longer, and meanwhile, feed of the present invention can improve the immunity of pig, improves unsaturated fatty acid content in pork, and this feed conversion rate is high, the partly or entirely substitute antibiotics feed cultivation that keeps healthy.
Accompanying drawing explanation
Fig. 1 is that flow chart is preserved in the separation of Bifidobacterium.
The specific embodiment
Embodiment 1:
A kind of bionical micro-ecological pig feed, it forms content by weight percentage and is:
Corn: 40%,
Dregs of beans: 20%,
Wheat bran: 21%,
Glucose: 5%,
FOS: 5%,
Amino acid additive: 2%,
Mix probio: 6%,
Compound Chinese herb: 1%.
Wherein, described corn, dregs of beans and wheat bran are all through pulverizing and cross 0.6 millimeter of screen cloth, and the composition of described amino acid additive and weight percentage are: lysine: 20-30%, threonine 15-25%, methionine 5-16%, arginine: 14-25%, glutamic acid 4-15%; The kind and the weight percentage that mix probio are: lactobacillus: 40-60%, Bifidobacterium 20-30%, clostridium butyricum: 5-15%, streptococcus thermophilus: 2-8%, saccharomycete: 1-7%; The composition of compound Chinese herb and weight percentage are: the Radix Astragali: 5-25%, dried orange peel: 10-30%, Radix Glycyrrhizae: 15-40%, Radix Isatidis: 20-50%, hawthorn: 20-50%.
Mentioned component is mixed, pack in the sealed food level polybag of extraordinary one-way ventilating film and can make feed of the present invention in 30-50 ℃ of fermentation 48-72h.
Embodiment 2
A kind of bionical micro-ecological pig feed, it forms content by weight percentage and is:
Corn: 40%,
Dregs of beans: 20%,
Wheat bran: 20%,
Glucose: 9%,
FOS: 5%,
Amino acid additive: 2.2%,
Mix probio: 3%,
Compound Chinese herb: 0.8%.
Wherein, described corn, dregs of beans and wheat bran are all through pulverizing and cross 0.6 millimeter of screen cloth, and the composition of described amino acid additive and weight percentage are: lysine: 20-30%, threonine 15-25%, methionine 5-16%, arginine: 14-25%, glutamic acid 4-15%; The kind and the weight percentage that mix probio are: lactobacillus: 40-60%, Bifidobacterium 20-30%, clostridium butyricum: 5-15%, streptococcus thermophilus: 2-8%, saccharomycete: 1-7%; The composition of compound Chinese herb and weight percentage are: the Radix Astragali: 5-25%, dried orange peel: 10-30%, Radix Glycyrrhizae: 15-40%, Radix Isatidis: 20-50%, hawthorn: 20-50%.
Mentioned component is mixed, pack in the sealed food level polybag of extraordinary one-way ventilating film and can make feed of the present invention in 30-50 ℃ of fermentation 48-72h.
In order to verify the beneficial effect of the bionical micro-ecological feed of the present invention, carry out following test:
The production performance of feed of the present invention on weanling pig and the impact of immunity function:
99 of pig farm health and the basically identical weanling pigs of body weight are chosen in test, adopt single factor design, establish 2 processing, 4 repetitions are established in each processing, each repetition 12-13 pig, the feeding normal diet of control group, the feeding feed of the present invention of experimental group, experimental period is 43 days.
Start in experiment that day (wean day), experiment closing day are weighed respectively on an empty stomach, ramming material, and calculate with the unit of being treated to, add up daily gain in pigs in each stage experiment, the speed of growth and feed weightening finish ratio.
Observe pig defecation condition every day, and record diarrhoea number of days, the judgement of diarrhoea exceedes 70% to gather excrement sample water content, shapeless being as the criterion, diarrhea frequency=Σ (diarrhoea piglet number × grice diarrhoea number of days)/(a test piglet number × just trying phase number of days) × 100%.Record ight soil situation simultaneously.
Interpretation
The production performance of table 3 feed of the present invention on weanling pig and the impact of immunity function
| Project | Experimental group | Control group |
| A piglet number | 49 | 50 |
| Average daily gain (Kg) | 0.51 | 0.42 |
| Diarrhea rate | 1.32% | 4.9% |
| The total head of sick treatment | 4 | 7 |
| Material anharmonic ratio (total feed consumption/total augment weight) | 1.78 | 2.00 |
As shown in table 3, experimental group is higher by 21.4% than control group daily gain, and material anharmonic ratio has reduced by 11%, illustrates that feed of the present invention can absorb trophic factors high, and feed ingredient is more easily absorbed by pig.Simultaneously, from this experimental observation result, control group diarrhea rate is 3.7 times of experimental group, and experimental group is without the yellow dysentery phenomenon of having loose bowels, control group has the phenomenon of having loose bowels to occur successively, time remaining is long, and along with temperature raises, yellow dysentery constantly appears in the later stage, swinery becomes thin, even dead, illustrate that feed of the present invention can improve the immunity of pig, effectively prevents the generation of disease.
Claims (6)
1. a bionical micro-ecological pig feed, it forms content by weight percentage and is:
Wherein, described amino acid additive comprises lysine, threonine, methionine, arginine, glutamic acid; Mix probio and comprise lactobacillus, Bifidobacterium, clostridium butyricum, streptococcus thermophilus and saccharomycete; Compound Chinese herb comprises the Radix Astragali, dried orange peel, Radix Glycyrrhizae, Radix Isatidis and hawthorn; Wherein said bionical micro-ecological pig feed is by mixing described mixing probio with other compositions, pack the 48-72h that ferments in the sealed food level polybag of one-way ventilating film into and make.
2. bionical micro-ecological pig feed according to claim 1, is characterized in that: the percentage that the weight of amino acid additive composition accounts for its gross weight is respectively:
3. bionical micro-ecological pig feed according to claim 1, is characterized in that: the percentage that the kind of mixing probio and weight account for its gross weight is:
4. bionical micro-ecological pig feed according to claim 1, is characterized in that: the percentage that the weight of the composition of described compound Chinese herb accounts for its gross weight is:
5. bionical micro-ecological pig feed according to claim 1, is characterized in that: described corn, dregs of beans and wheat bran are all through pulverizing and cross 0.6 millimeter of screen cloth.
6. bionical micro-ecological pig feed according to claim 1, is characterized in that: described mixing probio copy with the good pig kind of China Luchuan maternal with Europe, the U.S. outside be that boar carries out probio kind and ratio preparation in the piggy body of three way cross.
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| CN103535559A (en) * | 2013-11-01 | 2014-01-29 | 北京市农林科学院 | Synbiotics feed additive special for piglets and application of synbiotics feed additive |
| CN103815174A (en) * | 2013-12-21 | 2014-05-28 | 安徽惠尔普生物科技发展有限责任公司 | Biologically-fermented organic nonreactive selenium-rich pig feed |
| CN104206796A (en) * | 2014-07-14 | 2014-12-17 | 东至县天野特种养殖农民专业合作社 | Sterilizable goose feed with mashed garlic |
| CN104431644A (en) * | 2015-01-13 | 2015-03-25 | 四川农业大学 | Amino acid additive capable of improving growth capacity and intestinal health of weaned pig |
| CN104839485A (en) * | 2015-05-15 | 2015-08-19 | 卞佳林 | Pig growth prompting feed and preparation method thereof |
| CN108135218A (en) * | 2016-09-19 | 2018-06-08 | 陈云 | animal health nutritional feed |
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| CN1141883C (en) * | 2001-09-24 | 2004-03-17 | 大连食品集团畜牧公司 | Chinese herbal medicine additive for pig's feed |
| CN101766259B (en) * | 2009-10-22 | 2012-05-09 | 东莞市静茵饲料生物科技有限公司 | Composite feed additive |
| CN102696547B (en) * | 2012-06-22 | 2013-09-04 | 铁岭市大北农饲料有限责任公司 | Method for breeding Fattening pigs |
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