The amino polymer material reaches the anti-seepage of channels method based on the amino polymer material
Technical field
The present invention relates to a kind of amino polymer material and based on the anti-seepage of channels method of amino polymer material, belong to water-saving irrigation anti-seepage of channels field.
Background technology
The anti-seepage of channels is one of main water saving measures of economical rationality in many field irrigation water saving measures, technical feasibility, also is the present most widely used water-saving engineering technical measures of China.The kind of anti-seepage of channels engineering measure is many, but with regard to its antiseepage characteristics, mainly can be divided into two big classes: the first kind is to add at the canal bed to do impervious barrier, adopts more have clay class impervious barrier, cement-soil impervious barrier, stone-laying class impervious barrier, concrete anti-seepage layer, bituminous material class impervious barrier, plastic sheeting class impervious barrier etc.; Second class is to change canal bed soil percolation performance, as all kinds of solidified earth impervious materials etc.
1, earth material
The earth material antiseepage generally refers to cohesive soil, glutinous sand composite soil, dirt, tabia and four closes soil etc. and is the seepage control measure of material. and the earth material antiseepage is China's seepage control measure used for a long time. and this material can be gathered materials on the spot, material source is abundant, technology is simple, cheap, can utilize rolling apparatus, therefore adopt comparatively extensively in China, particularly in some shortages of funding, use more on the small-sized channel. but because the channel permissible velocity of flow of earth material antiseepage is lower, frost resistance is poor, along with the continuous appearance of various antiseepage new materials, traditional earth material seepage control measure reduces year by year.
2, cement-soil
Cement-soil be a kind ofly be convenient to gather materials on the spot, barrier performance better, the low-intensity impervious material of easy construction. but because the early strength of cement-soil is low and frost resistance is poor, thereby the cement-soil antiseepage no freeze injury area that should be used to have a moderate climate. this shortcoming of cement-soil has become the obstacle for the popularization of this kind material large tracts of land.
3, stone-laying
The stone-laying antiseepage is by the form of structure branch, two kinds of mask formula, retaining wall formulas are arranged. press material and building method branch, laid dry cobble, placed rockfill arranged, grout work stone, cemented rock, to grout slabstone etc. multiple. the stone masonry lining cutting have can gather materials on the spot, anti-current speed is big, abrasive resistance is strong, freeze proof and the frost damage prevention ability is strong, and have anti-seepage effect and stronger advantages such as stability preferably, be that China adopts the earliest, uses anti-seepage of channels measure more widely. the shortcoming of stone-laying antiseepage is to be difficult for mechanized construction, and construction quality is restive; In addition, cost is not low yet.
3, concrete
Concrete anti-seepage has good seepage-proof property, roughness is low, intensity is high, be convenient to advantages such as management, made it become a kind of channel seepage technique measure that present China extensively adopts. it be applied in the history in existing more than 40 year of China. in recent years, raising and development along with the concrete canal seepage control technique, the fast development of concrete and antiseepage film combined type leakage preventing structure form in addition, having made it become present China channel seepage technique and adopted one of material the most widely. its shortcoming is that the adaptation deformation ability is poor, and is higher in the regional cost that lacks the sandstone material.
4, bituminous concrete
The asphalt concrete seepage prevention material, belonging to viscous-elastic material. it has advantages such as good impermeability, durability and flexibility, more application is abroad early arranged in earth and rockfill dam and anti-seepage of channels engineering. provinces and regions such as Shaanxi, Qinghai, Xinjiang, Shandong, carried out cast-in-place and the prefabrication construction test at middle-size and small-size channel, and apply aborning. but this material application development is slower, tracing it to its cause, mainly is to exist material source deficiency, plant to penetrate and problems such as construction technology strictness.
5, coating materials
The coating materials antiseepage is to do the technical measures that anti-seepage of channels engineering reduces or prevent canal seepage with fluid-tight geotextile (being geomembrane). general commonly used coating materials has two kinds of polyethylene and polyvinyl chloride. from research and situation about using, this material have barrier performance good, adapt to strong, the advantages such as quality is light, consumption is few, freight volume is little, easy construction, the duration is short, corrosion resistance is strong, cost is low of deformability. but because geomembrane is thinner, easily be punctured in construction and operational management phase, make its barrier performance reduce greatly.
At the problem that above-mentioned all kinds of canal bed impervious barriers exist, occurred various changing canal bed soil permeability characteristic reaching the seepage control measure of barrier performance, as soil-solidified-agent etc.
Soil-solidified-agent is a kind of novel solidified earth impervious material that occurs mid-term in 20th century, it has the more not available characteristics of other traditional impervious material. this material can with all kinds of soil generation chemistry or biological agent, change the character of soil, structure as soil, hydrophily etc., formation has certain supporting capacity, the solidified earth of impervious ability and durability. irrigated area, gorge, Baoji, Shaanxi province and Ge Gou irrigated area, Shandong Province have been carried out the test of soil-solidified-agent anti-seepage channel and have been used in the large-scale water-saving transformation in irrigation district in the whole nation, prove that this material is used for having and can gathering materials on the spot on the anti-seepage of channels engineering, construction costs is low, it is simple and convenient to construct, advantages such as anti-seepage effect is better, but have the frost resistance instability, shortcomings such as poor durability. the seepage of channel, freeze injury is particularly owing to the lining cutting that canal base soil frost heave causes destroys problem at the northern area of China ubiquity.
Summary of the invention
The present invention is exactly the deficiency that exists at existing channel seepage technique, overcome the shortcoming of soil impervious material frost resistance instability, poor durability, utilize crosslinked polymer to form stereochemical structure parcel and glued grogs, utilize surfactant to change grogs surface hydrophilic character simultaneously, form anti-outlet capacity, and in conjunction with optimizing the channel structure measure, provide a kind of amino polymer material and based on the anti-seepage of channels method of amino polymer material.
The technical scheme that the present invention solves the problems of the technologies described above is as follows: a kind of amino polymer material, formed by the raw material of following parts by weight: 9~12 parts of main additives, 88~91 parts of auxiliary agents;
Wherein, described main additive comprises the raw material of following mass percent: amino resins 50%~70%, lignosulfonates 10%~20%, naphthaldehyde condensation compound 5%~15%, NPE 3%, sorbitol anhydride monolaurate 2%, acetone 10%;
Described auxiliary agent is water.
The invention has the beneficial effects as follows: in amino polymer material of the present invention, described amino resins possess hydrophilic property, under NPE and the effect of sorbitol anhydride monolaurate, very easily dissolving or emulsification in water, be beneficial to and infiltrate the soil gap, the amino resins after the emulsification is formed with flexible armful of water gel rapidly after infiltrating soil, can strengthen the freezing point of soil body hydrophobicity or reduction soil body water, thereby alleviate or eliminate frost heave, improved soil body antiseepage anti-freezing property.
Components such as lignosulfonates are because its a large amount of hydrophilic radicals that have, and are combined the hydrated product that generates volume expansion with water, have further filled the space between soil particle, and capillary interstice is diminished, and transmission coefficient descends, the anti-permeability performance of reinforced soil.
Another technical scheme that the present invention solves the problems of the technologies described above is as follows:
A kind of anti-seepage of channels method of amino polymer material may further comprise the steps:
1) soil sampling
Needs are carried out anti-seepage of channels district soil sampling, measure the physical parameter (concrete parameter value sees Table 1) of soil sample;
2) determine the consumption of amino polymer material
According to the physical parameter of measuring soil sample, calculate the consumption of described amino polymer material;
3) unwrapping wire, the channel finishing
At first remove the impurity in the channel, then according to the designing requirement unwrapping wire, dig, fill out and repair, and control height, size and the planeness of the foundation trench section of described channel;
4) regulate soil moisture content;
5) preparation amino polymer material and spraying
According to step 2) the amino polymer material usage that calculates, be 9~12 parts main additive, the auxiliary agent preparation amino polymer material that parts by weight are 88~91 parts by weight, the amino polymer material for preparing is sprayed on the upper soll layer of the adjusted good water yield of step 4), infiltration forms the earth consolidation impervious barrier again;
6) the fixed impervious barrier that forms in the step 5) is rolled.
The invention has the beneficial effects as follows,
1, good corrosion-resistant property
This material is sprayed on soil surface, and infiltration immediately forms the rete with very strong anti-rainfall erosion.It is compared with the curing impervious material with purposes, can not make water evaporates, forms the resilient gel that rate of hardening is exceedingly fast, and can not chap.
2, frost resistance is good
Testing surface: this material can make and freeze melted mass and reduce, even if glaciation be full of cracks can not take place yet and causes avalanche.This bonding course that just illustrates that this material forms itself has good frost heaving resistant, and material itself does not destroy because of frost heave, can adapt to psychro-environment.
3, anti-seepage effect is good
Channel top layer transmission coefficient is from 1 * 10
-2~1 * 10
-4Cm/s is reduced to 1 * 10
-3~1 * 10
-5Cm/s reduces water delivery loss about 30%, and water-saving result is obvious.
4, be used for directly spraying operation of sublateral canal antiseepage, simple; Be used for the impervious barrier that the trunk canal antiseepage can reduce 10~30cm of the prior art, reduce construction investment.
On the basis of technique scheme, the present invention can also do following improvement.
Further, further comprising the steps of after step 6): the fixed impervious barrier after will rolling carries out liner structure and lays and treatment of construction joints.
Above-mentioned further step is during for trunk canal, branch canal liner structure, and the earth consolidation impervious barrier can be used for substituting conventional impervious barrier, carries out on this basis that liner plate is paved and handle at the shrinkage joint.
Method of the present invention should be avoided the Pluvial construction as far as possible in addition, sprays its air dry of relief, sprays in back 2 hours and need take the covering measure as sleety weather.
Further, in step 3), described impurity is tree root, mud, detritus soil rubbish and the hidden pipe masonry hidden etc.
Further, in step 4), the mode of described adjusting soil moisture content is a kind of in watering, draining, airing or the soil removal and replacement.
Adopt the beneficial effect of above-mentioned further scheme to be, because channel soil property along the line mostly is sandy loam or powder fine sand, should strictly control soil moisture content in optimum range.If the relatively dry method of watering that should adopt of soil is regulated soil moisture content, water content control is within optimum range if soil moisture content should adopt method such as draining, airing, soil removal and replacement more greatly.
Further, in step 5), the thickness of described earth consolidation impervious barrier is 3~5 centimetres.
Further, in step 6), the described pass that rolls is 3~5 times; The described time of rolling finished in 1.5~2 hours after step 5) is sprayed.
The corresponding amino polymer concentration scale 1 of different soils type:
Description of drawings
Fig. 1 is the sublateral canal construction profile that the present invention is based on the anti-seepage of channels method of amino polymer material;
Fig. 2 is the trunk canal construction profile that the present invention is based on the anti-seepage of channels method of amino polymer material;
In the accompanying drawing, the list of parts of each label representative is as follows:
1, fixed impervious barrier, 2, the concrete lining structure.
The specific embodiment
Below in conjunction with accompanying drawing principle of the present invention and feature are described, institute gives an actual example and only is used for explaining the present invention, is not for limiting scope of the present invention.
Embodiment 1 sublateral canal antiseepage
A kind of amino polymer material is made up of the raw material of following parts by weight: 11 parts of main additives, 89 parts of auxiliary agents;
Wherein, described main additive comprises the raw material of following mass percent: amino resins 50%, lignosulfonates 20%, naphthaldehyde condensation compound 15%, NPE 3%, sorbitol anhydride monolaurate 2%, acetone 10%;
Described auxiliary agent is water.
As shown in Figure 1, a kind of anti-seepage of channels method based on above-mentioned amino polymer material, step is as follows:
1, according to the physical property test of on-the-spot soil sample, compound concentration is 11% impervious material solution.
2, remove tree root, mud, detritus soil, the rubbish in the canal bed and the hidden pipe masonry of hiding etc.At first make the center control line of channel with transit, Center stake is per 50 meters 1 of straightway, and 5 meters 1 at bend place uses taped measurement, and error is no more than 1/1000, and twice error is no more than 30 during angle measurement ".Secondly, by fourth class level requirement control elevation, per 200 meters are stayed 1 interim vertical control point.At last, according to center line and vertical control point, setting-out goes out channel footing line and canal mouth line totally 4 control lines.Adopt artificial hanging wire and wooden model essence to cut, side slope planeness allowable variation is ± 0.5 centimetre in reaching at the bottom of the canal.
3, channel soil property along the line mostly is fine sand soil, and soil is relatively drier, adopts the method for watering to regulate soil moisture content.
4, the amino polymer impervious material sprays.The amino polymer solution of preparation suitable concentration utilizes the pressurization flusher to be sprayed on upper soll layer, and infiltration forms the thick earth consolidation impervious barrier of 3cm.
5, adopt rolling apparatus that fixed impervious barrier is rolled 3 times, roll and behind spray liquid, to finish in 2 hours.
Embodiment 2 trunk canal antiseepages
A kind of amino polymer material is made up of the raw material of following parts by weight: 10 parts of main additives, 90 parts of auxiliary agents;
Wherein, described main additive comprises the raw material of following mass percent: amino resins 70%, lignosulfonates 10%, naphthaldehyde condensation compound 5%, NPE 3%, sorbitol anhydride monolaurate 2%, acetone 10%;
Described auxiliary agent is water.
As shown in Figure 2, a kind of anti-seepage of channels method based on above-mentioned amino polymer material, step is as follows:
1, according to the physical property test of on-the-spot soil sample, compound concentration is 10% impervious material solution.
2, remove tree root, mud, detritus soil, the rubbish in the canal bed and the hidden pipe masonry of hiding etc.At first make the center control line of channel with transit, Center stake is per 50 meters 1 of straightway, and 5 meters 1 at bend place uses taped measurement, and error is no more than 1/1000, and twice error is no more than 30 during angle measurement ".Secondly, by fourth class level requirement control elevation, per 200 meters are stayed 1 interim vertical control point.At last, according to center line and vertical control point, setting-out goes out channel footing line and canal mouth line totally 4 control lines.Adopt artificial hanging wire and wooden model essence to cut, side slope planeness allowable variation is ± 0.5 centimetre in reaching at the bottom of the canal.
3, soil layer compacting.Adopt the method for compaction in layers, soil thickness≤30, every layer of shop centimetre, shop soil is evenly smooth, and last one deck 30cm soil layer is not tamped earlier, and water content is controlled within optimum range.Canal slope compacted thickness be canal footing place to 1.5 meters of the inboard horizontal ranges of dike, be of a size of 1 meter to the compacting of levee crown place, form an inclined ladder shape.
4, the amino polymer impervious material sprays.The amino polymer solution of preparation suitable concentration utilizes the pressurization flusher to be sprayed on upper soll layer, and infiltration forms the thick earth consolidation impervious barrier of 5cm.
5, adopt rolling apparatus that fixed impervious barrier is rolled 5 times, roll and behind spray liquid, to finish in 1.5 hours.
6, liner structure construction.Adopt the typing channel-section steel to make sash by the design drawing requirement, external application wedge shape angle iron is bumped in the soil to be fixed.Concrete is built the end behind the Ying Xianpo, builds at last and presses the edge.After plate vibrator jolt ramming, adopt sanding machine to polish, till the surface glows cement paste, use artificial press polish at last.Press polish can be carried out at twice, has ground back press polish in time at sanding machine the 1st time, press polish 1 time again before the 2nd inferior concrete initial set, and with real outer light in accomplishing, corner angle are clearly demarcated, phenomenons such as surperficial no honeycomb, pitted skin, sand holes, blistering, be full of cracks.
The concrete striking time is advisable not damage the finished product concrete, waits concrete to reach initial set after the form removal, and watering is in time used the plastic sheeting covering curing then, and seals with the low bank of earth between fields.
7, crack treatment
The concrete anti-seepage canal crack occurs after operation a period of time unavoidably, and administrative staff answer running check, finds the crack on-call maintenance.For narrower crack, can adopt expanssion joint construction process to fill, if badly broken will dig out former antiseepage body, build again.
The above only is preferred embodiment of the present invention, and is in order to limit the present invention, within the spirit and principles in the present invention not all, any modification of doing, is equal to replacement, improvement etc., all should be included within protection scope of the present invention.