CN103205650A - Steel plate with great heat and abrasion resistance and manufacturing method thereof - Google Patents
Steel plate with great heat and abrasion resistance and manufacturing method thereof Download PDFInfo
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Abstract
The present invention provides a steel plate with great heat and abrasion resistance and a manufacturing method thereof. The steel plate comprises the following chemical composites, in percentage by weight: 0.10-0.30% of C, 0.10-1.50% of Si, 0.50-2.00% of Mn, 0-0.015% of P, 0-0.010% of S, 0.2-2.00% of Cr, 0.10-1.50% of Mo, 0-1.00% of Ni, 0-0.10% of V, 0-0.10% of RE, 0-1.00% of W, 0.010-0.080% of Al, 0.0005 -0.0040% of B, 0-0.080% of Ti, 0.0010-0.0080% of Ca, 0-0.0080% of N, 0-0.0080% of O, 0-0004% of H and the balance being Fe and inevitable impurities. The mechanical properties of the steel plate are that the Brinell hardness is greater than 360HB, and the 500 DEG C tensile strength is more than 1000MPa. The steel plate obtained by the various components through processes such as quenching and tempering has excellent mechanical properties and abrasion resistance, and is particularly suitable for various mechanical parts which are easy to wear while working under high temperature.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to wear resisting steel, particularly relate to a kind of heat-resistant antifriction steel plate and manufacture method thereof; Its mechanical property: Brinell hardness is greater than 360HB, and the tensile strength under 500 ℃ is greater than 1000MPa.
Background technology
It is severe especially that wear-resisting steel plate is widely used in working conditions, requires high strength, on the engineering goods such as the engineering of high-wear resistance, mining, agricultural, manufacture of cement, harbour, electric power and metallurgy.As dozer, shovel loader, excavator, wagon tremie and grab bucket, stacker-reclaimer, conveying warp architecture etc.
In recent decades, the exploitation of wear resisting steel and application development are very fast, and what generally apply at present is the dilute-alloy martensite wear resisting steel.This type of wear resisting steel is mainly by increasing carbon content and adding appropriate alloying element, as chromium, molybdenum, nickel, vanadium, tungsten, cobalt, boron etc., take full advantage of the mechanical property of the schedule of reinforcement raising wear resisting steels such as phase transformation strengthening, it mainly obtains martensite wear resistant steel by quenching and low-temperature tempering heat treatment mode.There is certain disadvantage in this type of steel grade--and under hot environment, its strong hardness all declines to a great extent, and then reduces wear resistance, in the work-ing life of significantly reducing wear resisting steel, affects applying of wear resisting steel.
Chinese patent CN101451220 discloses a kind of low-carbon low-alloy abrasion-resistant steel, and chemical composition is: C:0.12-0.16%, Si:0.10-0.70%, Mn:0.90-1.50%, P≤0.020%, S≤0.010%, Ni:0.05-0.30%, V:0.03-0.08%, Nb:0.01-0.06%, Al:0.020-0.08%, Cr:0.20-0.70%, Mo:0.1-0.50%, Ti:0.010-0.060%, B:0.0005-0.0030%, all the other are Fe and inevitable impurity; Mechanical property: tensile strength >=1220MPa, hardness: 360-440HB, adopt the production of quenching+low-temperaturetempering (150-250 ℃) thermal treatment process.Because it adopts the low-temperaturetempering explained hereafter, this often causes steel plate mechanical property and wear resisting property under hot conditions significantly to reduce, and then reduces service life of equipment.
Summary of the invention
A kind of heat-resistant antifriction steel plate and manufacture method thereof have been the object of the present invention is to provide, this heat-resistant antifriction steel plate is on the basis of adding appropriate alloying element, obtain the heat-resistant antifriction steel plate that still there is better strong hardness and wear resistance under comparatively high temps, be of value to the widespread use on various engineerings under hot conditions.
To achieve these goals, the present invention adopts following technical scheme:
A kind of heat-resistant antifriction steel plate, the weight percent of its chemical composition is: C:0.10-0.30%, Si:0.10-1.50%, Mn:0.50-2.00%, P≤0.015%, S≤0.010%, Cr:0.20-2.00%, Mo:0.10-1.50%, Ni≤1.00%, V≤0.10%, RE≤0.10%, W≤1.00%, Al:0.010-0.080%, B:0.0005-0.0040%, Ti≤0.080%, Ca:0.0010-0.0080%, N≤0.0080%, O≤0.0080%, H≤0.0004%, all the other are Fe and inevitable impurity.Its typical mechanical property: Brinell hardness is greater than 360HB, and the tensile strength under 500 ℃ is greater than 1000MPa.
Above-mentioned RE represents rare earth element, specifically is selected from one or more in La, Ce, Nd.
The chemical composition effect of heat-resistant antifriction steel plate involved in the present invention is as follows:
Carbon: carbon is the most basic in wear resisting steel, most important element, can improve intensity and the hardness of steel, and then improves the wear resistance of steel, but its toughness to steel and welding property are unfavorable, therefore, controlling carbon content in heat-resistance and wear-resistance steel of the present invention is 0.10-030wt.%, is preferably 0.12-0.30wt.%.
Silicon: silicon is solid-solubilized in ferrite and austenite and improves their hardness and intensity, yet the too high meeting of silicone content causes the toughness of steel to descend.In addition, the high temperature resistance characteristic that silicon has, can improve the temper resistance of steel.Controlling silicone content in heat-resistance and wear-resistance steel of the present invention is 0.10-1.50wt.%, and preferred Si content is 0.20-1.50%.
Manganese: manganese increases the hardening capacity of steel strongly, reduces the critical cooling velocity of wear resisting steel transition temperature and steel.But when manganese content is higher, the tendency of the grain coarsening of making is arranged, and increase the crisp susceptibility of tempering of steel, and easily cause in strand occurring segregation and crackle, reduce the performance of steel plate, controlling manganese content in heat-resistance and wear-resistance steel of the present invention is 0.50-2.00wt.%, is preferably 0.50-1.80wt.%.
Chromium: chromium can reduce critical cooling velocity, improve the hardening capacity of steel.Chromium can form multiple carbide in steel, improves intensity and hardness.Chromium can stop or slow down separating out and assembling of carbide when tempering, can improve the temper resistance of steel, and controlling chromium content in heat-resistance and wear-resistance steel of the present invention is 0.30-2.00wt.%, is preferably 0.30-1.80wt.%.
Molybdenum: molybdenum can crystal grain thinning, improves intensity and toughness.Molybdenum is present in solid solution phase and Carbide Phases in steel, therefore, has the effect of solution strengthening and carbide dispersion-strengthened containing molybdenum steel simultaneously.Molybdenum is the element that reduces temper brittleness, can improve tempering and stablize.Therefore controlling molybdenum content in heat-resistance and wear-resistance steel of the present invention is 0.10-1.50wt.%, is preferably 0.20-1.30wt.%.
Nickel: nickel can reduce critical cooling velocity, improve the hardening capacity of steel, but too high levels easily causes surface of steel plate oxide skin to be difficult to come off, and cost significantly increases, and controlling nickel content in heat-resistance and wear-resistance steel of the present invention is≤1.00wt.% to be preferably≤0.80wt.%.
Vanadium: vanadium makes steel billet be unlikely to the too thick of growth at the heating phase austenite crystal, in the inferior operation of rolling subsequently, can make the crystal grain of steel obtain further refinement, improves intensity and the toughness of steel.In addition, vanadium at high temperature has the precipitation strength effect.Controlling content of vanadium in heat-resistance and wear-resistance steel of the present invention is≤0.10wt.% that preferably content of vanadium is 0.020-0.10wt.%.
Rare earth RE: add the segregation that rare earth can reduce the elements such as sulphur, phosphorus in steel, improve shape, the size of non-metallic inclusion and distribute, simultaneously can crystal grain thinning, the strengthening crystal boundary, raising strong hardness and toughness.The content of rare earth is difficult for too much, otherwise can produce macrosegregation, reduces slab quality and mechanical property.Therefore controlling content of rare earth in heat-resistance and wear-resistance steel of the present invention is≤0.10wt.% to be preferably≤0.080wt.%.
Tungsten: tungsten can increase temper resistance and the heat resistance of steel, and can play certain Grain refinement.In addition, tungsten can form hard carbide and increase the wear resistance of steel.Control W content in heat-resistance and wear-resistance steel of the present invention and be≤the 1.00wt.% scope in, be preferably≤0.80wt.%.
Aluminium: but the aluminium crystal grain thinning, and fixedly the nitrogen in steel and oxygen, alleviate the susceptibility of steel to breach, reduce or eliminate the aging phenomenon of steel, and the toughness of raising steel, in heat-resistance and wear-resistance steel of the present invention, aluminium content is controlled at 0.010-0.080wt.%, is preferably 0.020-0.080wt.%.
Boron: boron can increase the hardening capacity of steel but too high levels will cause hot-short phenomenon, affect welding property and the hot workability of steel, therefore need the strict content of controlling boron, controlling boron content in heat-resistance and wear-resistance steel of the present invention is 0.0005-0.0040wt.%, is preferably 0.0005-0.0020wt.%.
Titanium: titanium is one of carbide, with carbon, forms trickle TiC particle, is distributed in crystal boundary, reaches the effect of crystal grain thinning, and controlling titanium in heat-resistance and wear-resistance steel of the present invention is≤0.080wt.% to be preferably 0.005-0.060wt.%.
Calcium: in steel, add appropriate calcium to change the strip sulfide inclusion in steel into spherical CaS or (Ca, Mn) S is mingled with, the formed oxide compound of calcium and sulfide inclusion density are little, are easy to floating and get rid of.Calcium also significantly reduces the segregation of sulphur at crystal boundary, and these all are of value to the quality that improves cast steel, and then improves the performance of steel.Controlling calcium contents in heat-resistance and wear-resistance steel of the present invention is 0.0010-0.0080wt.%, is preferably 0.0010-0.0050wt.%.
Phosphorus and sulphur: in wear resisting steel, sulphur and phosphorus are harmful element, and their content will strictly be controlled, and in steel grade involved in the present invention, control phosphorus content≤0.015wt.%, are preferably≤0.012wt.%; Control sulphur content≤0.010wt.%, be preferably sulphur content≤0.005wt.%.
Nitrogen, oxygen, hydrogen: in steel, too much oxygen, nitrogen and hydrogen is especially very disadvantageous to weldability, impelling strength and splitting resistance to the performance of steel, reduce quality and the work-ing life of steel plate, but controlled sternly and can significantly increase production cost, therefore, control nitrogen content≤0.0080wt.% in heat-resistance and wear-resistance steel of the present invention, be preferably≤0.0050wt.%; Control oxygen level≤0.0080wt.%, be preferably≤0.0050wt.%; Control hydrogen richness≤0.0004wt.%, be preferably≤0.0003wt.%.
The manufacture method of heat-resistant antifriction steel plate of the present invention, comprise the steps:
Proportioning according to above-mentioned chemical composition is smelted, and through steps such as casting, heating, rolling, quenching and tempering, obtains described heat-resistant antifriction steel plate; Wherein, in described heating steps, Heating temperature is 1000-1250 ℃, and soaking time is 2-3h; In described rolling step, adopt free rolling, roll rear air cooling; In described quenching step, quenching temperature is 800-980 ℃, and soaking time is 60-120min; In described tempering step, tempering temperature is 400-650 ℃, and soaking time is 30-100min.
Preferably, in heat-processed, Heating temperature is 1000-1200 ℃; Preferred, in heat-processed, Heating temperature is 1050-1200 ℃; For guaranteeing that carbon and alloying element fully spread, prevent that austenite crystal from too growing up and the billet surface severe oxidation, in heat-processed, most preferred Heating temperature is 1050-1150 ℃.
Preferably, in the quenching step, quenching temperature is 820-960 ℃; Preferred, quenching temperature is 820-950 ℃; Most preferred, quenching temperature is 830-950 ℃.
Preferably, in tempering step, Heating temperature is 400-630 ℃; Preferred, in tempering step, Heating temperature is 400-620 ℃; Most preferred, in tempering step, Heating temperature is 400-600 ℃.
Because heat-resistant antifriction steel plate science of the present invention has designed content and each processing parameter of carbon and alloying element, highly malleablized effect by alloying element and quenching and tempering heat treatment process, make this steel plate there is excellent mechanical property and wear resisting property, easy-abrasion part in the especially applicable various mechanical means that need to work under hot conditions.
The present invention compared with prior art has following features:
1. from chemical composition, the chemical composition of heat-resistant antifriction steel plate of the present invention be take middle low-carbon and low-alloy as main, by adopting higher C content (0.10-0.30%), guarantees that wear-resisting steel plate has higher hardness and wear resistance; Add appropriate Cr, Mo, V, Re and elements such as w and improve the high temperature drag of steel plate, guarantee that steel plate still has good strong hardness under comparatively high temps (300-600 ℃), and then still there is excellent wear resistance under comparatively high temps.
2. from production technique, heat-resistant antifriction steel plate of the present invention adopts to quench and increases temperature tempering process production, and the compounds such as assurance alloying element V are fully separated out, and then improve steel plate strong hardness at high temperature, and then improve wear resisting property.
3. from product performance, heat-resistant antifriction steel plate of the present invention (300-600 ℃) under comparatively high temps has high rigidity and good wear resistance, and has good machining property; Wear-resisting steel plate of the present invention hardness after high tempering is higher, be greater than 360HB, there is good high temperature tensile properties, 500 ℃ of lower tensile strength are greater than 1000MPa, this is mainly that higher carbon content and appropriate alloying element can improve high temperature lower steel plate resistance to tempering, keep higher strong hardness, and then guarantee to have good wear resistance
.
Heat-resistant antifriction steel plate of the present invention has obvious advantage.It controls the content of carbon and alloying element, and technique is simple, mechanical property is good, and the heat-resistance and wear-resistance steel with above-mentioned advantage is the inexorable trend of social economy and development of iron & steel industry.
Embodiment
Below in conjunction with specific embodiment, technical scheme of the present invention is described in further detail, should be clear and definite, embodiment is only that specific description of embodiments of the present invention, protection scope of the present invention is not formed to any restriction.
Embodiment
The heat-resistant antifriction steel plate of following examples 1-10 and the steel plate of Comparative Examples 1, the weight percent of its chemical composition is as shown in table 1; The manufacture method of the heat-resistant antifriction steel plate of embodiment 1-10 and the steel plate of Comparative Examples 1 is: corresponding raw materials for metallurgy is carried out successively in accordance with the following steps: smelting → casting → heating → rolling → quenching → tempering, control the steel plate chemical element quality per distribution ratio in each embodiment and Comparative Examples 1, in heating steps, Heating temperature is 1000-1250 ℃; In the rolling step, adopt free rolling, roll rear air cooling; In the quenching step, quenching temperature is 800-980 ℃, and soaking time is 60-120min; In tempering step, tempering temperature is 400-650 ℃, and soaking time is 30-100min; Its concrete technology parameter is as shown in table 2.
Table 1 unit: weight percent
Annotate: the mixture that the RE in above-described embodiment 1,4,6,8,10 is La, Ce and Nd.
Table 2
1, mechanical property test
The heat-resistant antifriction steel plate of embodiment of the present invention 1-10 and the wear-resisting steel plate of Comparative Examples 1 are carried out to Mechanics Performance Testing, and its test result as shown in Table 3 and Table 4.
Table 3
Table 4
From table 3 and table 4, can find out, the heat-resistant antifriction steel plate of embodiment of the present invention 1-10, its Brinell hardness is 380-450HB, tensile strength under 500 ℃ is 1000-1300MPa, above explanation heat-resistant antifriction steel plate involved in the present invention has higher strong hardness, obviously is better than the steel plate of Comparative Examples 1.
Heat-resistant antifriction steel plate science of the present invention has designed content and each processing parameter of carbon and alloying element, highly malleablized effect by alloying element and quenching and tempering heat treatment process, make this steel plate still there is excellent mechanical property and wear resisting property at higher temperature, easy-abrasion part in the especially applicable various mechanical means that need to work under hot conditions.
Claims (12)
1. a heat-resistant antifriction steel plate, the weight percent of its chemical composition is: C:0.10-0.30%, Si:0.10-1.50%, Mn:0.50-2.00%, P≤0.015%, S≤0.010%, Cr:0.30-2.00%, Mo:0.10-1.50%, Ni≤1.00%, V≤0.10%, RE≤0.10%, W≤1.00%, Al:0.010-0.080%, B:0.0005-0.0040%, Ti≤0.080%, Ca≤0.0080%, N≤0.0080%, O≤0.0080%, H≤0.0004%, all the other are Fe and inevitable impurity; Its mechanical property: Brinell hardness is greater than 360HB, and 500 ℃ of tensile strengths are for being greater than 1000MPa.
2. heat-resistant antifriction steel plate as claimed in claim 1, is characterized in that, RE is selected from one or more in La, Ce, Nd.
3. heat-resistant antifriction steel plate as claimed in claim 1 or 2, is characterized in that C:0.12-0.30%; Si:0.20-1.50%, by weight percentage.
4. heat-resistant antifriction steel plate as claimed in claim 1 or 2, is characterized in that Mn:0.50-1.80%; Cr:0.30-1.80%; Mo:0.20-1.30%, by weight percentage.
5. heat-resistant antifriction steel plate as claimed in claim 1 or 2, is characterized in that, Ni≤0.80%; V:0.020-0.10%; RE≤0.08%, by weight percentage.
6. heat-resistant antifriction steel plate as claimed in claim 1, is characterized in that, W≤0.8%; Al:0.020-0.080%; B:0.0005-0.0020%, by weight percentage.
7. heat-resistant antifriction steel plate as claimed in claim 1 or 2, is characterized in that Ti:0.005-0.060%; Ca:0.0010-0.0050%, by weight percentage.
8. heat-resistant antifriction steel plate as claimed in claim 1 or 2, is characterized in that, N≤0.0050%; O≤0.0050%; H≤0.0003%; P≤0.012%; S≤0.005%, by weight percentage.
9. the manufacture method of described heat-resistant antifriction steel plate as arbitrary as claim 1-8, comprise the steps:
Proportioning according to above-mentioned chemical composition is smelted, and through casting, heating, rolling, quenching and tempering step, obtains described heat-resistant antifriction steel plate; Wherein, in described heating steps, Heating temperature is 1000-1250 ℃, and soaking time is 2-3h; In described rolling step, adopt free rolling, roll rear air cooling; In described quenching step, quenching temperature is 800-980 ℃, and soaking time is 60-120min; In described tempering step, tempering temperature is 400-650 ℃, and soaking time is 30-100min.
10. the manufacture method of heat-resistant antifriction steel plate as claimed in claim 9, is characterized in that, in heating steps, Heating temperature is 1000-1200 ℃; Preferred, in heat-processed, Heating temperature is 1050-1200 ℃; Most preferred, in heating steps, Heating temperature is 1050-1150 ℃.
11. the manufacture method of heat-resistant antifriction steel plate as claimed in claim 9, is characterized in that, in the quenching step, quenching temperature is 820-960 ℃; Preferred, in the quenching step, quenching temperature is 820-950 ℃; Most preferred, in the quenching step, quenching temperature is 830-950 ℃.
12. the manufacture method of heat-resistant antifriction steel plate as claimed in claim 9, is characterized in that, in tempering step, Heating temperature is 400-630 ℃; Preferred, in tempering step, Heating temperature is 400-620 ℃; Most preferred, in tempering step, Heating temperature is 400-600 ℃.
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