CN103198494A - Building elevation extraction method based on building outer contour lines and laser-point cloud - Google Patents
Building elevation extraction method based on building outer contour lines and laser-point cloud Download PDFInfo
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- CN103198494A CN103198494A CN2013101151930A CN201310115193A CN103198494A CN 103198494 A CN103198494 A CN 103198494A CN 2013101151930 A CN2013101151930 A CN 2013101151930A CN 201310115193 A CN201310115193 A CN 201310115193A CN 103198494 A CN103198494 A CN 103198494A
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Abstract
The invention provides a building elevation extraction method based on building outer contour lines and a laser point cloud. The building elevation extraction method includes the following steps that the outer contour lines of a building are obtained; a ground plane, namely an XY plane, is selected and used as a projection plane, projections of the outer contour lines on the XY plane are shown as multiple line segments which are from P1, P2 to Pn, and a buffering region is selected; whether laser points in a three-dimensional panoramic picture are in the buffering region is judged, and therefore all the laser points in the buffering region are obtained; and a filtering algorithm is used, all the laser points in the buffering region are subjected to denoising processing, and then building elevations are generated according to the laser points and the outer contour lines of the building. Through the building elevation extraction method based on the building outer contour lines and the laser point cloud, the defects in the prior art are overcome, the building elevations can be generated automatically or semi-automatically, a streetscape data production cycle and a digital city production cycle are greatly shortened, and the building elevation extraction method based on the building outer contour lines and the laser point cloud has very high economic value and very high social value.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to a kind ofly based on buildings outer contour and three-dimensional laser point cloud, extract the method for the facade of buildings automatically, belong to the mapping information field.
Background technology
The streetscape service is the new highlight of present digital city development, is focus on the present internet and the developing direction of Map Services.
The streetscape service be unable to do without the support of data, in the streetscape data acquisition, has gathered three-dimensional laser point cloud data and full-view image data simultaneously at present.Three-dimensional laser point cloud is the high-precision three-dimensional coordinate of body surface, can directly obtain ground article coordinate and characteristic information by a cloud.But three-dimensional laser point cloud is raw data, is not that streetscape is served needed achievement data.In the data production run, need extract the facade of buildings according to three-dimensional laser point cloud.
The facade of buildings is the abstract representation of skin face, it is all the time perpendicular to ground level, being main streetscape achievement data, being used for the redirect location, streetscape advertisement putting of streetscape full-view image etc., is that the Internet user experiences the significant data basis with value-added service.
Because the data that obtain of streetscape data acquisition are magnanimity, and traditional buildings facade production relies on manually basically, and automaticity is low, causes streetscape data production cost very big, is unfavorable for the promotion and application that streetscape is served.
Summary of the invention
The invention provides a kind of method based on buildings outer contour and three-dimensional laser point cloud extraction buildings facade, solved the deficiency in the above-mentioned background technology, shorten the streetscape data greatly and produce and the digital city fabrication cycle, have very huge economy and social value.
Realize that the technical scheme that above-mentioned purpose of the present invention adopts is:
A kind of elevation of building extracting method based on building outer contour and laser point cloud is characterized in that may further comprise the steps:
(1), obtains the outer contour of buildings;
(2), choose ground level be the XY plane as the projecting plane, outer contour is projected as multi-line section P on the XY plane
1P
2P
n, and node P
1, P
2P
nCoordinate on the XY plane is respectively (X
1, Y
1), (X
2, Y
2) ... (X
n, Y
n), choose on the XY plane from multi-line section P
1P
2P
nDistance be that zone in the scope of d is buffer zone, wherein d is the buffering radius;
(3), (Z) Z in ignores for X, Y, judges that (X Y) whether in buffer zone, thereby obtains all laser spots in buffer zone to coordinate with the three-dimensional coordinate of the three-dimensional laser point in the laser point cloud;
(4), adopt filter algorithm, all laser spots in buffer zone are carried out denoising;
(5), according to laser spots and outer contour in buffer zone, generate elevation of building.
The outer contour acquisition methods of buildings is artificial the drafting in the step (1), or utilizes the outer contour coordinate of buildings among the existing DLG, or utilizes automation algorithm to extract automatically in laser point cloud.
Judge in the step (3) laser spots whether the method in buffer zone be specially: suppose that the coordinate of arbitrary laser spots P on the XY plane is for (Xp Yp), calculates this P and arrives multi-line section P
1P
2P
nIn the distance of each line segment, be respectively d
1, d
2D
N-1, judge d
1, d
2D
N-1In whether have value less than buffering radius d, if exist, then put P in buffer zone, if there is no, then put P not in buffer zone.
The numerical value of buffering radius d is empirical value, and according to the error size in the three-dimensional laser point cloud, suitable d value size is also different.In general, the measuring error in the three-dimensional laser point cloud is more big, and the d value is more big, rule of thumb, excessive or too small d value, the accuracy that all can make this method extract elevation of building reduces.Therefore buffering radius d value is 0.05 ~ 0.5 meter among the present invention.
The method that generates elevation of building in the step (5) is: at first count maximal value and the minimum value of Z coordinate in the laser spots after the filtration, be respectively Zmax and Zmin, then according to multi-line section P
1P
2P
nNode coordinate and Zmax, Zmin value, obtain multi-line section P
1P
2P
nIn arbitrary line segment P
iP
I+1Facade in the three-dimensional coordinate on four summits, be followed successively by (X
i, Y
i, Zmin), (X
I+1, Y
I+1, Zmin), (X
I+1, Y
I+1, Zmax) with (X
i, Y
i, Zmax), wherein 1≤i≤n-1 according to four apex coordinates, generates arbitrary line segment P
iP
I+1Facade, by this circulation until generating multi-line section P
1P
2P
nFacade.
Step can also adopt following method in (5): namely adopt fitting algorithm that all laser spots in buffer zone are carried out match, simulate elevation of building.
Method provided by the present invention has been utilized the three-dimensional coordinate of laser point cloud, while is in conjunction with the outer contour of buildings, automatically calculate the apex coordinate of each facade and generate each facade, because the three-dimensional coordinate of laser point cloud is given data, the outer contour of buildings can manually be drawn or extract by automation algorithm or data with existing, therefore method provided by the present invention only needs less or does not need manually-operated, can extract the buildings facade.With respect to the method that facade is manually drawn in former employing, the present invention can greatly shorten the streetscape data and produce and the digital city fabrication cycle, has very high practice and is worth.
Embodiment
Below in conjunction with specific embodiment the present invention is done detailed specific description.
Buildings in the present embodiment is an office building, the outer contour coordinate that its outer contour coordinate is buildings among the existing DLG.
Choose ground level and be the XY plane as the projecting plane, because outer contour is projected as multi-line section P on the XY plane
1P
2P
3P
4P
5P
6P
7P
8, node P so
1, P
2, P
3, P
4, P
5, P
6, P
7, P
8Coordinate on the XY plane is respectively (X
1, Y
1), (X
2, Y
2) ... (X
8, Y
8), choose on the XY plane from multi-line section P
1P
2P
nDistance be that zone in 0.1 meter scope is buffer zone, wherein cushioning radius is 0.1 meter.
(Z) Z in ignores for X, Y, judges that (X Y) whether in buffer zone, supposes that the coordinate of arbitrary laser spots P on the XY plane is for (Xp Yp), calculates this P to multi-line section P to coordinate with the three-dimensional coordinate of the three-dimensional laser point in the laser point cloud then
1P
2P
3P
4P
5P
6P
7P
8In the distance of each line segment, be respectively d
1, d
2D
7, judge d
1, d
2D
7In whether have value less than 0.1 meter, if exist, then put P in buffer zone, if there is no, then put P not in buffer zone.Utilize the method to obtain all laser spots in buffer zone.
Adopt filter algorithm, all laser spots in buffer zone are carried out denoising.
Count maximal value and the minimum value of Z coordinate in the laser spots after the filtration then, be respectively Zmax and Zmin.According to multi-line section multi-line section P
1P
2P
3P
4P
5P
6P
7P
8Node coordinate and Zmax, Zmin value, obtain multi-line section multi-line section P
1P
2P
3P
4P
5P
6P
7P
8In the first line segment P
1P
2Facade in the three-dimensional coordinate on four summits, be followed successively by (X
1, Y
1, Zmin), (X
2, Y
2, Zmin), (X
2, Y
2, Zmax) with (X
1, Y
1, Zmax), according to these four apex coordinates, generate line segment P
1P
2Facade.Continue to generate P then
2P
3Facade, repeat according to this, until generating P
7P
8Facade after, finish the work.
The last step that generates elevation of building can also adopt following method in the present embodiment, namely adopts fitting algorithm that all laser spots in buffer zone are carried out match, thereby obtains elevation of building.
Claims (6)
1. elevation of building extracting method based on building outer contour and laser point cloud is characterized in that may further comprise the steps:
(1), obtains the outer contour of buildings;
(2), choose ground level be the XY plane as the projecting plane, outer contour is projected as multi-line section P on the XY plane
1P
2P
n, and node P
1, P
2P
nCoordinate on the XY plane is respectively (X
1, Y
1), (X
2, Y
2) ... (X
n, Y
n), choose on the XY plane from multi-line section P
1P
2P
nDistance be that zone in the scope of d is buffer zone, wherein d is the buffering radius;
(3), (Z) Z in ignores for X, Y, judges that (X Y) whether in buffer zone, thereby obtains all laser spots in buffer zone to coordinate with the three-dimensional coordinate of the three-dimensional laser point in the laser point cloud;
(4), adopt filter algorithm, all laser spots in buffer zone are carried out denoising;
(5), according to laser spots and outer contour in buffer zone, generate elevation of building.
2. according to claim 1 based on the elevation of building extracting method of building outer contour and laser point cloud, it is characterized in that: the outer contour acquisition methods of buildings is drawn for artificial in the step (1), or utilize the outer contour coordinate of buildings among the existing DLG, or utilize automation algorithm in laser point cloud, to extract automatically.
3. according to claim 1 based on the elevation of building extracting method of building outer contour and laser point cloud, it is characterized in that: judge in the step (3) laser spots whether the method in buffer zone be specially: suppose that the coordinate of arbitrary laser spots P on the XY plane is (Xp, Yp), calculate this P to multi-line section P
1P
2P
nIn the distance of each line segment, be respectively d
1, d
2D
N-1, judge d
1, d
2D
N-1In whether have value less than buffering radius d, if exist, then put P in buffer zone, if there is no, then put P not in buffer zone.
4. according to claim 1 or 3 described elevation of building extracting method based on building outer contour and laser point cloud, it is characterized in that: buffering radius d is 0.05 ~ 0.5 meter.
5. according to claim 1 based on the elevation of building extracting method of building outer contour and laser point cloud, it is characterized in that: the maximal value and the minimum value that at first count Z coordinate in the laser spots after the filtration in the step (5), be respectively Zmax and Zmin, then according to multi-line section P
1P
2P
nNode coordinate and Zmax, Zmin value, obtain multi-line section P
1P
2P
nIn arbitrary line segment P
iP
I+1Facade in the three-dimensional coordinate on four summits, be followed successively by (X
i, Y
i, Zmin), (X
I+1, Y
I+1, Zmin), (X
I+1, Y
I+1, Zmax) with (X
i, Y
i, Zmax), wherein 1≤i≤n-1 according to four apex coordinates, generates arbitrary line segment P
iP
I+1Facade, by this circulation until generating multi-line section P
1P
2P
nFacade.
6. the elevation of building extracting method based on building outer contour and laser point cloud according to claim 1 is characterized in that: adopt fitting algorithm that the laser spots in all buffer zones is carried out match in the step (5), simulate elevation of building.
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| CN103198494A true CN103198494A (en) | 2013-07-10 |
| CN103198494B CN103198494B (en) | 2016-05-11 |
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Cited By (12)
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| CN103544728A (en) * | 2013-08-23 | 2014-01-29 | 武汉海达数云技术有限公司 | Method for filtering out detected surface in live-action map on basis of normal vector |
| CN103699900A (en) * | 2014-01-03 | 2014-04-02 | 西北工业大学 | Automatic batch extraction method for horizontal vector contour of building in satellite image |
| CN103499343B (en) * | 2013-09-25 | 2015-06-24 | 武汉海达数云技术有限公司 | Automatic classifying and identifying method for road line point cloud based on three-dimensional laser reflection strength |
| CN104751479A (en) * | 2015-04-20 | 2015-07-01 | 中测新图(北京)遥感技术有限责任公司 | Building extraction method and device based on TIN data |
| CN104796649A (en) * | 2014-01-21 | 2015-07-22 | 北京炬力北方微电子有限公司 | 3D projection method and device |
| CN105469355A (en) * | 2015-11-18 | 2016-04-06 | 重庆市勘测院 | Method extracting 2.5-dimensional map building contour on basis of city three-dimensional model |
| CN109059864A (en) * | 2018-08-08 | 2018-12-21 | 广州市城市规划勘测设计研究院 | Unmanned plane large scale topographical map house alien invasion mapping method, device and medium |
| CN109163708A (en) * | 2018-08-08 | 2019-01-08 | 广州市城市规划勘测设计研究院 | Optimization method, device and the medium of unmanned plane large scale topographical map house line |
| CN111915721A (en) * | 2020-07-28 | 2020-11-10 | 广州中科智巡科技有限公司 | Laser point cloud-based method and system for rapidly extracting flat section of power transmission line corridor building |
| CN112529952A (en) * | 2020-12-15 | 2021-03-19 | 武汉万集信息技术有限公司 | Object volume measuring method and device and electronic equipment |
| CN116452775A (en) * | 2023-06-14 | 2023-07-18 | 北京飞渡科技股份有限公司 | Building elevation division method, device, medium and equipment |
| CN117315184A (en) * | 2023-08-29 | 2023-12-29 | 泰瑞数创科技(北京)股份有限公司 | Method for automatically generating LOD1.3 model of building |
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| CN103544728A (en) * | 2013-08-23 | 2014-01-29 | 武汉海达数云技术有限公司 | Method for filtering out detected surface in live-action map on basis of normal vector |
| CN103544728B (en) * | 2013-08-23 | 2016-03-30 | 武汉海达数云技术有限公司 | A kind of based on normal vector in live-action map by spy face filter method |
| CN103499343B (en) * | 2013-09-25 | 2015-06-24 | 武汉海达数云技术有限公司 | Automatic classifying and identifying method for road line point cloud based on three-dimensional laser reflection strength |
| CN103699900A (en) * | 2014-01-03 | 2014-04-02 | 西北工业大学 | Automatic batch extraction method for horizontal vector contour of building in satellite image |
| CN103699900B (en) * | 2014-01-03 | 2016-10-05 | 西北工业大学 | Building horizontal vector profile automatic batch extracting method in satellite image |
| CN104796649A (en) * | 2014-01-21 | 2015-07-22 | 北京炬力北方微电子有限公司 | 3D projection method and device |
| CN104796649B (en) * | 2014-01-21 | 2017-12-26 | 北京炬力北方微电子有限公司 | A kind of method and device of tripleplane |
| CN104751479A (en) * | 2015-04-20 | 2015-07-01 | 中测新图(北京)遥感技术有限责任公司 | Building extraction method and device based on TIN data |
| CN105469355A (en) * | 2015-11-18 | 2016-04-06 | 重庆市勘测院 | Method extracting 2.5-dimensional map building contour on basis of city three-dimensional model |
| CN105469355B (en) * | 2015-11-18 | 2019-04-23 | 重庆市勘测院 | The method for extracting 2.5 dimension map contour of building based on city threedimensional model |
| CN109163708A (en) * | 2018-08-08 | 2019-01-08 | 广州市城市规划勘测设计研究院 | Optimization method, device and the medium of unmanned plane large scale topographical map house line |
| CN109059864A (en) * | 2018-08-08 | 2018-12-21 | 广州市城市规划勘测设计研究院 | Unmanned plane large scale topographical map house alien invasion mapping method, device and medium |
| CN109163708B (en) * | 2018-08-08 | 2021-09-10 | 广州市城市规划勘测设计研究院 | Optimization method, device and medium for unmanned aerial vehicle large-scale topographic map house line |
| CN111915721A (en) * | 2020-07-28 | 2020-11-10 | 广州中科智巡科技有限公司 | Laser point cloud-based method and system for rapidly extracting flat section of power transmission line corridor building |
| CN111915721B (en) * | 2020-07-28 | 2024-01-26 | 广州中科智巡科技有限公司 | Method and system for extracting horizontal section of power transmission line corridor building based on laser point cloud |
| CN112529952A (en) * | 2020-12-15 | 2021-03-19 | 武汉万集信息技术有限公司 | Object volume measuring method and device and electronic equipment |
| CN112529952B (en) * | 2020-12-15 | 2023-11-14 | 武汉万集光电技术有限公司 | Object volume measurement method and device and electronic equipment |
| CN116452775A (en) * | 2023-06-14 | 2023-07-18 | 北京飞渡科技股份有限公司 | Building elevation division method, device, medium and equipment |
| CN116452775B (en) * | 2023-06-14 | 2023-09-19 | 北京飞渡科技股份有限公司 | Building elevation division method, device, medium and equipment |
| CN117315184A (en) * | 2023-08-29 | 2023-12-29 | 泰瑞数创科技(北京)股份有限公司 | Method for automatically generating LOD1.3 model of building |
| CN117315184B (en) * | 2023-08-29 | 2024-03-29 | 泰瑞数创科技(北京)股份有限公司 | Method for automatically generating LOD1.3 model of building |
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