CN103189597B - 缠绕在管道井筛上的压接端部 - Google Patents
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Abstract
通过环绕并越过管道上缠绕的筛层的端部而将压接环定位在管状基管上来构造井筛。所述压接环绕所述筛层的外表面塑性变形。施加焊道以将所述压接环固定到所述基管。
Description
相关申请案的交叉引用
本申请案根据美国法典第35章第119节要求享有于2010年8月13日提交的美国专利申请序列号为12/855,932号的优先权,该专利申请的全部内容以引用的方式并入本文中。
技术领域
本说明书涉及在地下井筒中使用的过滤装置。
背景技术
几个世纪以来,已经通过钻井来从地下地层提取石油、天然气、水和其它流体。在提取流体时,在井筒中设置生产管柱,从而既增强了井筒的结构完整性,又有助于从井下提取流体。为使流体流动到生产管柱内,通常在与井的生产区对应的管柱区段中的管柱中设置有孔隙。虽然穿孔允许来自地层的所需流体进入,但是这些穿孔也会在生产期间允许不想要的材料从周围地基流入井中。如地层砂砾和其它微粒之类的杂物可与地层流体一起落入或被卷入管中,从而污染所采集的流体。砂砾和其它微粒不仅污染所采集的流体,这种微粒还能够对井操作者造成许多额外问题。例如,随着微粒流过生产设备,其逐渐侵蚀设备,积聚在腔室中,且阻塞流动通道。维修和更换因流入的微粒而损坏的生产设备,尤其对于有时位于地球表面之下几千英尺处的井下设备可能成本较高并且耗时。因此,已开发并利用包括砾石充填和井筛总成的各种生产过滤器和过滤方法,以防止微粒进入生产设备而同时保持充分的流体流动路径。
已经利用许多井筛过滤设计。井筛总成是安装在井中的具有一个或多个筛层的筛,其能够过滤防止指定尺寸和更大的微粒(如砂砾、岩石碎片和从周围砾石充填的砾石)通过。井筛的特定设计可考虑可能遇到的地下地层类型,以及井的类型。
发明内容
本说明书涉及在地下井筒中使用的过滤装置,例如井筛总成。
在某些方案中,井筛总成具有细长管状的基管,基管界定在基管的内部与外部之间延伸的间隙。筛层承载于基管上,并且包括绕基管的外部螺旋缠绕的丝。压接环被固定到基管并环绕基管和筛层的端部。压接环绕筛层的外表面塑性变形。
在某些方案中,用于构造井筛总成的方法包括环绕并越过管道上缠绕的筛层的端部而将压接环置于管状的基管上。压接环绕筛层的外表面塑性变形。施加焊接以将压接环固定到基管。
在某些方案中,所述方法包括将丝绕基管螺旋缠绕以界定筛层。在筛层的端部上引入压接环。压接环绕筛层塑性变形,并将筛层固定到基管。
一个或多个方案包括一些、不包括或包括所有以下特征。在某些情况下,端环被固定到基管并环绕基管。压接环绕端环的外表面塑性变形。压接环被焊接到端环,且端环被焊接到基管。端环是连续的或分开的。在某些情况下,分开的端环包括绕基管组装的多个弓形环段。在某些情况下,端环被省略,且压接环被焊接到基管。压接环被变形而与筛层的外表面接触。在某些情况下,筛层的材料和基管的材料对于焊接是不相容的。在某些情况下,第二压接环被固定到基管并环绕基管和筛层的第二端部,第二压接环绕筛层的外表面塑性变形。
在附图和下文描述中阐述一个或多个实施方案的细节。其它特征、目的和优点从描述和图,以及从权利要求将是显然的。
附图说明
图1是包括根据本文中所述的概念构造的多个井筛总成的示例性井系统的侧剖视图。
图2A至图2C是根据本文中所述的概念构造的井筛总成的半侧剖视图,其中图2A示出完整的井筛总成,图2B示出压接之前的井筛总成,且图2C示出压接之后的井筛总成。
图3A是根据本文中所述的概念构造的端环的立体图。
图3B是根据本文中所述的概念构造的压接环的立体图。
图4A至图4C是根据本文中所述的概念构造的另一井筛总成的半侧剖视图,其中图4A示出完整的井筛总成,图4B示出压接之前的井筛总成,且图4C示出压接之后的井筛总成。
各图中相同的附图标记指代相同的元件。
具体实施方式
图1示出包括多个井筛总成12的示例性井系统10。井系统10示出为水平井,其具有在有资源的地下区24中偏离至水平或大致水平的井筒14。套管16在井筒的竖直部分中被灌注水泥,并联结到位于地面20处的井口装置18。井筒14的剩余部分是完成的裸眼井(即没有套管)。生产管柱22从井口装置18通过井筒14延伸,并进入有资源的地下区24内。生产封隔器28密封处于生产管柱22与套管16之间的环形空间。生产管柱22操作于从地下区24生产流体(例如石油、天然气和/或其它流体)到地面20。生产管柱22包括一个或多个井筛总成12(示出两个)。在一些情况下,生产管柱22与井筒14的裸眼井部分之间的环形空间可用砾石和/或砂砾充填(为了方便,在下文中称为砾石充填26)。井筛总成12和砾石充填26允许生产管柱22与地下区24之间流体连通。砾石充填26提供第一阶段的过滤,防止微粒和较大的地层碎片通到生产管柱22。井筛总成提供第二阶段的过滤,且被构造为过滤以防止指定尺寸的和更大的微粒通过到达生产管柱22内。
虽然井筛总成是在水平井系统10的背景环境中示出的,但是井筛总成12可被设置于其它井构造中,包括具有竖直或大致竖直的井筒的竖直井系统,具有从共同井筒偏离的多个井筒的多分支井系统和/或其它井系统。另外,虽然井筛总成是在生产背景环境下说明的,但是井筛总成12可用于其它背景环境,包括注入、井处理和/或其它用途。
图2A至图2C是根据本文中所述的概念构造的井筛总成200的半侧剖视图。井筛总成200包括细长管状的基管210,该基管承载管道上缠绕的筛层220。基管具有介于基管的内部与外部之间的多个孔隙212,用以允许内部与外部之间的流体连通。在某些情况下,基管210的端部被调适用来(例如,通过箱和销和/或另外方式)联结到井柱的其它管。被缠绕在管道上的筛层220是通过将丝214绕基管210的外部螺旋缠绕而形成的一种筛。在某些情况下,当绕基管210的外部缠绕丝214时,在筛层220与基管210之间设置轴向肋条215。丝214可随其缠绕而被焊接到肋条215。筛层220的功能是过滤以防止指定尺寸的和更大的微粒通过而进入基管210的内部。因此,在某些情况下,螺旋的间距被选择成使得在多匝的丝214最密集于一处的位置,丝214的相邻匝之间的空间至少小于微粒的指定尺寸。在某些情况下,筛层220能够过滤防止砾石和/或砂砾尺寸的微粒通过。丝214可采用许多不同形状的形式。例如,在图2A中,丝214的轴向截面呈梯形,筛层220的外表面具有比筛层220的内表面更大的横向尺寸。在其它情况下,丝214可具有其它不同形状,包括三角形、圆形、椭圆、正方形和其它形状。
筛总成200是通过将丝214绕基管210的外部螺旋缠绕而形成的。接着,将端环216置于基管210上,并环绕基管210且与筛层220的端部相邻,而且在一些情况下与筛层220的端部相邻并接触。在某些情况下,端环216可以是连续环。在某些情况下,端环216可分开,以使得端环能够被打开并横向地置于基管210上,而不是需使端环在基管210的端部上被引入,并在基管210上被传送就位。在某些情况下,当分开时,端环216不需考虑基管210的整个长度或其它长度上的不规则度(例如,椭圆度、厚度和直径变化和其它不规则度),这是因为其不需要在基管210的长度上被传送。此外,在某些情况下,例如当筛层220在基管210长度的中间终止,而不是在与端部相邻处终止时,将端环216横向地置于基管210上能够达到更方便的效果。
分开的端环216可以是如图3A所示的绕基管210组装的两个或更多个弓形、C形的环段216a、216b。在其它情况下,端环216可以是具有单个切口的大致完整环,以允许端环216打开,且通过所述切口容纳基管210。可设置相对于单个切口的槽口或局部切口,以利于打开端环216。其它构造是同样可行的。在某些情况下,当绕基管210组装端环时,端环216的外径等于或略小于筛层220的外径。分开环216的内径等于或略大于基管210的外径。分开环216的内径可在基管210上形成松配合,以适应基管210的外径、椭圆度和/或基管210的其它不规则度的变化。
端环216被固定到基管和/或筛层220。在某些情况下,端环216被定位焊(tack weld)到基管210和/或筛层220。定位焊是一种以间隔开的间距来施加短焊接段或焊接点而不是连续焊接或长缝焊的技术。在其它情况下,端环216可被夹紧、由紧固件固定、用粘合剂固定和/或以另一方式固定。端环216不需要被永久和牢固地固定到基管210,因为如下文所述,端环216将在稍后的构造步骤中被进一步固定到基管。在某些情况下,端环216设有焊接坡口217,焊接坡口与面对筛层220的表面相对,以利于在端环216与基管210的外表面之间形成焊道。
压接环218(图3B)被设置成环绕并越过端环216与筛层220之间的界面,使得压接环218的一部分位于筛层220的端部上,且压接环218的一部分位于端环216上。在某些情况下,压接环218可与筛层220重叠1英寸到2英寸或更多。在某些情况下,压接环218可与筛层220重叠得较少。压接环218可以是基管210上的松配合件,以适应筛层220的外径、椭圆度和/或筛层220的其它不规则度的变化,且允许压接环218被容纳于筛层220的端部上,并在筛层上移动就位。一旦到位,压接环218就被压接,即,被塑形变形而成为与筛层220的外表面和分开环216形成紧密关系和/或接触(对比图2B和图2C)。在某些情况下,为预防指定尺寸的微粒通过,将压接环218压接成绕筛层220的整个圆周连续接触是可取的。在某些情况下,为预防指定尺寸的微粒通过,压接环218的全部或一部分可被压接以紧靠筛层220附近,但是与筛层间隔开,其中压接环218与筛层220之间的最大径向间隙至少小于由筛层220过滤的微粒的指定尺寸。
其后,通过沿圆周绕如图2A中所示的压接环218与端环216之间的界面和端环216与基管210之间的界面并与其接触来形成一个或多个焊道222,而将压接环218、端环216和基管210焊接在一起。焊道222可通过焊接、钎焊(brazing)、软焊(soldering)、作为聚合环氧材料(polymer epoxy)和/或以其它方式来沉积。焊接就是通过将材料和/或填充材料聚结(coalescing)来使多种材料接合(joining)。在金属组分的背景环境下,钎焊和软焊是在未聚合材料的情况下接合金属。焊道222可以是连续的且密封的,以防止指定尺寸的微粒和/或流体通过压接环218与端环216之间的界面和端环216与基管210之间,并将端环216、压接环218和筛层220固定到基管210。在某些情况下,可在压接环28与端环216和/或基管210与端环216之间额外地或替代性地设置O形环,用以密封以防止指定尺寸的微粒和/或流体通过。可在筛层220的相对的端部上安装压接环218和端环216的类似的或相同的总成。压接环218和端环216由此支撑筛层220并保持筛层220,以免筛层在基管210上轴向移动,而且在筛层220的端部预防指定尺寸的微粒在基管210与筛层220之间通过。
因为基管210和压接环218不需要焊接到筛层220,所以筛层220能够由那些无法与基管210和压接环218的材料焊接或容易地焊接的材料制成。
图4A至图4C是根据本文中所述的概念构造的另一井筛总成400的半侧剖视图。如同上文所述的井筛总成200,井筛总成400包括基管210、由绕基管210螺旋缠绕的丝214形成的筛层220、以及压接环218。然而,省略了端环216,且压接环218构造有足够的能够压接到筛层220的外表面和基管210的外表面两者的材料。其后,通过沿圆周绕压接环218与基管210之间的界面并与该界面接触来形成焊道而将压接环218焊接到基管210。
已描述许多实施方案。然而应理解,可在不脱离本发明的精神和范畴的情况下进行各种修改。因而,其它实施方案是在下文权利要求的范畴内。
Claims (18)
1.一种井筛总成,包括:
细长管状的基管,所述基管界定了在所述基管的内部与外部之间延伸的孔隙;
筛层,其被承载于所述基管上,且包括已经绕所述基管的所述外部螺旋缠绕的丝;和
压接环,其被固定到所述基管并环绕所述筛层的端部和所述基管,所述压接环绕所述筛层的外表面塑性变形而与所述筛层的外表面接触。
2.根据权利要求1所述的井筛总成,还包括被固定到所述基管并环绕所述基管的端环,所述压接环绕所述端环的外表面塑性变形而与所述端环的外表面接触。
3.根据权利要求2所述的井筛总成,其中所述压接环被焊接到所述端环,且所述端环被焊接到所述基管。
4.根据权利要求2所述的井筛总成,其中所述端环是分开的。
5.根据权利要求4所述的井筛总成,其中所述端环包括绕所述基管组装的多个弓形环段。
6.根据权利要求1所述的井筛总成,其中所述压接环被焊接到所述基管。
7.根据权利要求1所述的井筛总成,其中所述筛层的材料和所述基管的材料对于焊接是不相容的。
8.根据权利要求1所述的井筛总成,还包括被固定到所述基管并环绕所述基管和所述筛层的第二端部的第二压接环,所述第二压接环绕所述筛层的所述外表面塑性变形而与所述筛层的外表面接触。
9.一种用于构造井筛的方法,包括:
环绕并越过管道上缠绕的筛层的端部而将压接环置于管状的基管上;
将所述压接环绕所述筛层的外表面塑性变形而与所述筛层的外表面接触;和
施加焊道以将所述压接环固定到所述基管。
10.根据权利要求9所述的方法,还包括环绕所述基管并与所述筛层相邻设置端环,并将所述压接环绕所述端环的外表面塑性变形而与所述端环的外表面接触。
11.根据权利要求10所述的方法,其中施加焊道以将所述压接环固定到所述基管包括将所述压接环焊接到所述端环,且将所述端环焊接到所述基管。
12.根据权利要求10所述的方法,其中所述端环是分开的,且环绕所述基管设置所述端环包括在所述基管上横向地传送端环。
13.根据权利要求10所述的方法,其中所述端环包括多个弓形环段,且环绕所述基管设置所述端环包括绕所述基管组装所述端环段。
14.根据权利要求9所述的方法,还包括:
环绕并越过所述筛层的第二端部设置第二压接环;
绕所述筛层的所述外表面将所述第二压接环塑性变形而与所述筛层的外表面接触;和
施加焊道以将所述第二压接环固定到所述基管。
15.一种用于构造井筛的方法,包括:
将丝绕基管螺旋缠绕以界定筛层;
在所述筛层的端部上引入压接环;和
绕所述筛层将所述压接环塑性变形而与所述筛层接触,并将所述筛层固定到所述基管。
16.根据权利要求15所述的方法,还包括:
在相邻于所述筛层的所述端部的所述基管上横向地引入端环;和
绕所述端环将所述压接环塑性变形而与所述端环接触。
17.根据权利要求16所述的方法,还包括将所述端环焊接到所述基管,且将所述压接环焊接到所述端环。
18.根据权利要求15所述的方法,还包括将所述压接环焊接到所述基管。
Applications Claiming Priority (3)
Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
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US12/855,932 | 2010-08-13 | ||
US12/855,932 US8291971B2 (en) | 2010-08-13 | 2010-08-13 | Crimped end wrapped on pipe well screen |
PCT/US2011/046731 WO2012021397A1 (en) | 2010-08-13 | 2011-08-05 | Crimped end wrapped on pipe well screen |
Publications (2)
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CN103189597A CN103189597A (zh) | 2013-07-03 |
CN103189597B true CN103189597B (zh) | 2016-11-02 |
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CN201180039559.XA Active CN103189597B (zh) | 2010-08-13 | 2011-08-05 | 缠绕在管道井筛上的压接端部 |
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US (1) | US8291971B2 (zh) |
EP (2) | EP2603663B1 (zh) |
CN (1) | CN103189597B (zh) |
AU (1) | AU2011289643B2 (zh) |
BR (1) | BR112013003036B1 (zh) |
CA (1) | CA2807486C (zh) |
MY (1) | MY165465A (zh) |
SG (1) | SG187804A1 (zh) |
WO (1) | WO2012021397A1 (zh) |
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Also Published As
Publication number | Publication date |
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CA2807486C (en) | 2015-06-02 |
EP3527778A1 (en) | 2019-08-21 |
BR112013003036B1 (pt) | 2020-03-03 |
AU2011289643B2 (en) | 2015-07-09 |
US20120037357A1 (en) | 2012-02-16 |
US8291971B2 (en) | 2012-10-23 |
SG187804A1 (en) | 2013-03-28 |
CA2807486A1 (en) | 2012-02-16 |
CN103189597A (zh) | 2013-07-03 |
EP2603663A4 (en) | 2017-04-26 |
AU2011289643A1 (en) | 2013-03-28 |
MY165465A (en) | 2018-03-22 |
EP2603663B1 (en) | 2019-05-01 |
EP2603663A1 (en) | 2013-06-19 |
WO2012021397A1 (en) | 2012-02-16 |
BR112013003036A2 (pt) | 2016-06-14 |
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