CN103187583B - Hybrid battery power supply system with self-regulation capability and manufacturing method thereof - Google Patents
Hybrid battery power supply system with self-regulation capability and manufacturing method thereof Download PDFInfo
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- CN103187583B CN103187583B CN201110458898.3A CN201110458898A CN103187583B CN 103187583 B CN103187583 B CN 103187583B CN 201110458898 A CN201110458898 A CN 201110458898A CN 103187583 B CN103187583 B CN 103187583B
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- lithium manganate
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- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02E—REDUCTION OF GREENHOUSE GAS [GHG] EMISSIONS, RELATED TO ENERGY GENERATION, TRANSMISSION OR DISTRIBUTION
- Y02E60/00—Enabling technologies; Technologies with a potential or indirect contribution to GHG emissions mitigation
- Y02E60/10—Energy storage using batteries
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- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02P—CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES IN THE PRODUCTION OR PROCESSING OF GOODS
- Y02P70/00—Climate change mitigation technologies in the production process for final industrial or consumer products
- Y02P70/50—Manufacturing or production processes characterised by the final manufactured product
Abstract
The invention discloses a hybrid battery power supply system with a self-regulation capability and a manufacturing method thereof. The hybrid battery power supply system comprises one or more individual lead acid battery cells and one or more individual lithium manganate battery cells, wherein individual lead acid batteries are connected in series to form a lead acid battery pack branch; individual lithium manganate batteries are connected in series to form a lithium manganate battery pack branch; the open circuit voltage VP of the lead acid battery pack branch is smaller than the open circuit voltage VM of the lithium manganate battery pack branch, and difference value of VM and VP is larger than or equal to 0.10 and smaller than or equal to 0.2; and the lead acid battery pack branch is electrically connected in parallel with the lithium manganate battery pack branch. The hybrid battery power supply system utilizes excellent high-power discharging performance of a lithium manganate battery pack to enable the discharging mode of the power supply system to practically protect the lead acid battery pack, and prolongs the service life of the lead acid battery pack. According to the invention, the current regulation during the charging is determined by the characteristics of the batteries connected in parallel, and the interference of any electronic circuit is not required.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to hybrid battery power-supply system, particularly relate to the hybrid battery power supply possessing self-adjusting ability.
Background technology
As everyone knows, lead-acid battery and lithium manganate battery belong to the secondary cell of different chemical system, and respectively have feature alone.Fig. 6 is simply comparing of 24V lead-acid battery group and lithium manganate battery group.Wherein lead-acid battery have that voltage is steady, safe and reliable, cheap, applied widely, abundant raw materials and recovery and reusing and recycling rate advantages of higher, be a kind of battery that output is maximum, purposes is the widest in all kinds of battery in the world, it is mainly used in the back-up source such as telecommunications, bank, solar energy and wind energy energy storage, automobile, motorcycle and motor vehicle.But lead-acid battery also exposes a lot of defect in application process:
1. gravimetric specific energy is too low, is only 30 watt-hours/kilogram Wh/Kg.Table 7 shows the weight of the lead-acid battery device of two kinds of different purposes;
2. cycle life is short, as battery for electric vehicle, uses about one-year age to change with regard to needs;
3. easily cause polar plate sulfation when charge less electricity uses, make battery life serious curtailment.As motor vehicle, wind energy and solar energy lead-acid battery, because often the charging of fullcharging electricity can not be carried out to battery in time, recycle under making battery be in partial state of charge, thus cause polar plate sulfation, cause capacity attenuation and the lost of life;
4. be not suitable for heavy-current discharge.When Fig. 8 shows different multiplying electric discharge, battery capacity is equivalent to the ratio of 1C1 multiplying power discharging battery capacity.Can find out, along with discharge-rate increases (discharging current increase), the capacity that battery can be released sharply declines.When institute's electrical appliance works with higher-wattage, battery running time obviously shortens, and causes the capacity not reaching nominal;
5, comparatively serious to the pollution of environment, and belong to high resource-hungry product, the two high assets industry that country all can not support energetically with future now.
Above-mentioned defect seriously constrains the application of lead-acid battery in motor vehicle, wind energy and solar energy storage, automobile and motorcycle initiating etc.
For solving the problem, people develop the secondary cell made new advances in succession, and are applied to described field, and lithium manganate battery is representative wherein, especially modified lithium manganate battery, and it has following distinguishing feature:
1, there is higher gravimetric specific energy, about 125 watt-hours/kilogram Wh/Kg.Fig. 9 shows the weight of the lithium manganate battery device of two kinds of different purposes.
2, have extended cycle life, can reach more than 1200 times, actual life can reach 4 years.Figure 10 shows lithium manganate battery cycle life curve under normal temperature condition.
3, lithium manganate battery can use under any state-of-charge, can not affect battery life, and use under being often suitable for the environment of civil power and charged state instability because of unsaturated charged recycling.
4, heavy-current discharge performance is excellent, and battery capacity of discharging under different multiplying difference is very little, can 10C
1a ~ 25C
1a continuing current flow discharges, and this is that lead-acid battery cannot realize.Lithium manganate battery is at different multiplying (C
xa) capacity and 1C during electric discharge
1multiplying power (C
1the capacity comparison of A) discharging as shown in figure 11.
But lithium manganate battery also has its limitation, and mainly price is higher, its price is about 2 ~ 3 times of lead-acid battery, and this limits applying of lithium manganate battery to a certain extent.
Although prior art proposes the scheme of some hybrid batteries, they all need, for each battery branch road configure dedicated control circuit, to control the break-make of each branch road respectively, i.e. discharge and recharge, and cause power-supply system complicated, cost is high, and failure rate is high.
To sum up, a kind of power-supply system possessing self-regulation ability is needed can to merge the advantage of described lead-acid battery and lithium manganate battery, the power-supply system of their defects of forgoing.
Summary of the invention
The technical problem to be solved in the present invention is avoid the deficiencies in the prior art part and propose a kind of the hybrid battery power-supply system and the manufacture method thereof that comprise lead-acid battery and lithium manganate battery, give full play to the characteristic of all types of battery, when not applied mechanical or electronic control circuit, realize the parallel connection of lead-acid battery group and lithium manganate battery group, and realize:
1. by the number of elements of connecting of adjustment lead-acid battery group and lithium manganate battery group cell separately, the open circuit voltage reaching two kinds of variety classes battery pack is basically identical, and parallel connection is charged to two battery pack under realizing same voltage, thus ensure that lead-acid battery group and lithium manganate battery group reach the charged state of needs;
2. by changing the density of electrolyte of lead-acid battery, and the method for other suitable lithium electricity positive electrode that adulterates in lithium manganate cell positive electrode material, cost lowlyer, efficiency solves the problem of the mutual interference between two kinds of variety classes battery pack higher;
3. used by lead-acid battery group and the parallel connection of lithium manganate battery group, utilize the advantage that lithium manganate battery group platform is higher, lithium manganate battery group preferential discharge during electric discharge, realize protecting the use of lead-acid battery group, extend lead-acid battery group cycle life 1 ~ 3 times;
4. the lead-acid battery group utilizing price comparatively cheap and price lithium manganate battery group costly carries out in parallel use, it is simple that the hybrid battery system making it combine not only has structure, easy to implement, the advantage that specific energy is high, and have lower year use cost with the feature such as excellent high power discharge performance.
The present invention proposes a kind ofly have the lead-acid batteries of self-regulating function and the hybrid battery system of lithium manganate battery group; to realize when not adding other machinery or electronic control circuit; by the automatic adjustment of hybrid battery system self to size of current; make each branch voltage consistent; and under same voltage, discharge and recharge is carried out to the lead-acid battery group of parallel connection and lithium manganate battery group; utilize the advantage of lithium manganate battery group simultaneously; abundant realization is protected the use of lead-acid battery group; reduce costs, extend the object in the useful life of two kinds of batteries.
For achieving the above object, the invention provides and a kind of there is the lead-acid batteries of self-regulating function and the hybrid battery system of lithium manganate battery group, this hybrid battery system comprises at least one group of lead acid accumulator and at least one group of lithium manganate battery, described lead-acid batteries and lithium manganate battery group are connected in parallel, and hybrid battery power-supply system is realized:
1. by selecting each battery cell series connection number of elements increased or reduce in battery pack, the open circuit voltage reaching two kinds of variety classes batteries is basically identical, under realizing same voltage, parallel connection is charged to lead-acid battery group and lithium manganate battery group, ensures that lead-acid battery group and lithium manganate battery group reach the charged state of needs.
2. by adjustment lead-acid battery density of electrolyte, the open circuit voltage of lead-acid battery group and lithium manganate battery group two kinds of batteries in parallel connection is more or less the same, reach and do not utilize other battery management element to realize simple parallel connection, guarantee to affect because two branch voltages differences are excessive and even damage hybrid battery system.
3. utilize lithium manganate battery group high power discharge excellent performance, and discharge platform is a little more than the characteristic of lead-acid battery group, when realizing high power discharge, energy is exported based on lithium manganate battery group, the electric discharge of lead-acid battery group is auxiliary, externally export energy from two branch roads, and two branch road output voltages are consistent simultaneously.Realize without voltage regulating element, reach the ability that two branch roads in parallel all can export energy simultaneously.And high power discharge is comparatively large to the damage of lead-acid battery group, in fact this discharge mode protects lead-acid battery group, extends its useful life.
4., because lithium manganate battery group open circuit voltage and discharge platform are all a little more than lead-acid battery group, when with smaller power/multiplying power discharging, early stage exports energy with lithium manganate battery group, and lead-acid battery group does not export energy substantially; Along with the reduction of discharge voltage, progress into the later stage exporting energy based on lead-acid battery group, now lithium manganate battery group exports energy is auxiliary.This discharge mode makes lithium manganate battery group all discharge comparatively completely at every turn, and lead-acid battery group depth of discharge is more shallow.As everyone knows, the cycle life of lead-acid battery group depends on its depth of discharge to a great extent, when lead-acid battery group depth of discharge is selected suitable time (such as 50%), lithium manganate battery group can be coordinated to reach good life expectancy.
5., because the charging platform voltage of lead-acid battery group is slightly lower than lithium manganate battery group, when initial charge, think that lead-acid battery group is charged as master, along with the rising of lead-acid battery group voltage, transfer to gradually and think that lithium manganate battery group is charged as master.Lead-acid battery group easily forms sulfation when charge less electricity recycles, and battery capacity decay is serious, and lithium manganate battery group recycles under unsaturated state-of-charge, on the life-span without any impact.Be preferably the lead-acid battery group charging comparatively responsive to degree of charge like this, avoid the periodic duty under unsaturated state-of-charge of lead-acid battery group to the full extent, extend battery life.In this charging process, the adjustment of electric current is that two kinds of batteries in parallel connection own characteristics determine, automatically carries out, interferes without any need for electronic circuit.
6. because lithium manganate battery group is different from the charging interval needed for lead-acid battery group, in hybrid battery system after constant voltage charge is about 1h, lithium manganate battery group is full of electricity substantially, and lead-acid battery group also needs continuation constant voltage charge about 3h just can be full of electricity, therefore, can in lithium manganate battery manufacturing process, more particularly in its positive electrode batch mixing process, mix one or both mixing and the overcharging resisting/mistake accounting for gross mass 5% ~ 70% mass fraction is put and the good LiFePO 4 material of floating charge ability and rate nickel-cobalt-manganese ternary material (hereinafter referred ternary material) improve the combination property of lithium manganate battery group, and the discharge platform of lithium manganate battery group can be regulated and controled by adjusting the amount of mixing LiFePO4 or ternary material, realize lithium manganate battery group preferential discharge as far as possible, the lead-acid battery group later stage discharges again, protection lead-acid battery group, extend the cycle life of lead-acid battery group.In addition; the baffle of lithium manganate battery group should also have the function preventing floating charge; just automatically can disconnect after being full of electricity and not recharging; so just can prevent lithium manganate battery group leader time floating charge and affect its performance, ensureing that the phenomenon that lithium manganate battery group cycle life does not sharply shorten by its charging modes difference produces as far as possible.
7. lead-acid battery group in parallel and the Capacity Ratio of lithium manganate battery group can be selected (preferred mixed proportion is 30:70 ~ 70:30) in the scope of 1:99 ~ 99:1, and the charging current of this hybrid battery system is limited in less than 0.3 times of hybrid battery power system capacity, charge cutoff mode is determined according to electric current in latter stage, can stop charging when charging current is in hybrid battery power system capacity latter stage within the scope of 0.01 ~ 0.2 times.
8. hybrid battery system (is not charged shelving, electrical appliance is not powered) time, especially time near the theoretical cutoff voltage being discharged to lead-acid battery group, lead-acid battery group is comparatively serious to the charging of lithium manganate battery group, its charging capacity can reach 3% of lead-acid battery pool-size, even more, this will cause larger impact to the lead-acid battery group cycle life in hybrid battery system, therefore a kind of full-automatic switch be made up of some common electronics components and parts or common electronics components and parts and simple chip can be adopted to make hybrid battery system under the state of shelving, can not link together thus avoid the formation of inner looping, thus ensure that lead-acid battery group can not overdischarge.
The present invention solve the technical problem can by realizing by the following technical solutions:
Design, manufacture a kind of hybrid battery power-supply system possessing self-adjusting ability, comprise at least one lead-acid battery monomer, and at least one lithium manganate battery monomer; Described lead-acid battery is monomer series-connected forms lead-acid battery group branch road, and described lithium manganate battery is monomer series-connected forms lithium manganate battery group branch road, the open circuit voltage V of described lead-acid battery group branch road
pbe less than the open circuit voltage V of lithium manganate battery group branch road
m, and meet 0.10≤(V
m-V
p)/V
m≤ 0.2; Described lead-acid battery group branch road is electrically connected with lithium manganate battery group branch circuit parallel connection.
Particularly, the open circuit voltage V of described lead-acid battery group branch road
pwith the open circuit voltage V of lithium manganate battery group branch road
m, meet 0.104≤(V
m-V
p)/V
m≤ 0.117.
The proportionate relationship of the capacitance summation of all lead-acid battery monomers and the capacitance summation of all lithium manganate battery monomers is in the scope of 1:99 ~ 99:1; The proportionate relationship of the capacitance summation of preferred all lead-acid battery monomers and the capacitance summation of all lithium manganate battery monomers is in the scope of 30:70 ~ 70:30.
Described hybrid battery power-supply system also comprises controlled branch switch device; Described lead-acid battery group branch road is electrically connected with described lithium manganate battery group branch circuit parallel connection with after branch switch devices in series again; When described hybrid battery power-supply system be in do not charge or not discharge condition time, described branch switch device disconnects, thus makes lead-acid battery group branch road can not be in parallel with lithium manganate battery group branch road; When described hybrid battery power-supply system is in charge or discharge state, described branch switch device closes, thus lead-acid battery group branch road is electrically connected with lithium manganate battery group branch circuit parallel connection.
Described hybrid battery power-supply system also comprises the control chip that its control port is electrically connected with described branch switch device, and current signal collecting unit; Described control chip by power input port parallel connection electrical connection described lithium manganate battery group branch road; Described current signal collecting unit is connected on the output branch road of described hybrid battery power-supply system; Described current signal collecting unit gathers the current signal information of hybrid battery power-supply system input and output branch road and sends to control chip, when control chip judges that hybrid battery power-supply system input and output branch road does not have electric current, disconnects with regard to controlling brancher switching device; When control chip judges that hybrid battery power-supply system input and output branch road has electric current, close with regard to controlling brancher switching device.
Described branch switch device is metal-oxide layer-semiconductor-field effect transistor Metal-Oxide-Semiconductor Field-Effect Transistor.
Described hybrid battery power-supply system also comprises the lithium battery branch protection plate be electrically connected in series with lithium manganate battery group, for preventing the overcharge of lithium manganate battery group.
The present invention solve the technical problem can also by realizing by the following technical solutions:
Implement a kind of manufacture method possessing the hybrid battery power-supply system of self-adjusting ability, comprise the steps:
A. lead-acid battery monomer and lithium manganate battery monomer is manufactured respectively;
B. at least one lead-acid battery monomer and at least one lithium manganate battery monomer is chosen; By monomer series-connected for lead-acid battery one-tenth lead-acid battery group branch road, by monomer series-connected for lithium manganate battery one-tenth lithium manganate battery group branch road; Adjust the concentration of electrolyte of each lead-acid battery monomer, make the open circuit voltage V of described lead-acid battery group branch road
pbe less than the open circuit voltage V of lithium manganate battery group branch road
m, and meet 0.10≤(V
m-V
p)/V
m≤ 0.2;
C. described lead-acid battery group branch road is electrically connected with lithium manganate battery group branch circuit parallel connection.
In steps A when manufacturing described lithium manganate battery monomer, when lithium manganate battery monomer positive pole batch mixing, in positive-active composition, be doped into lithium phosphate material and rate nickel-cobalt-manganese ternary material that its gross mass accounts for described positive pole batch mixing gross mass 5% to 70%.
During in order to prevent from not using hybrid battery power-supply system, interact between lead-acid battery group branch road and lithium manganate battery group branch road, step C comprises as follows step by step
The branch switch device of C1. connecting controlled on described lead-acid battery group branch road;
C2. the lead-acid battery group branch road of branch switch device of having connected described in C1 is step by step electrically connected with described lithium manganate battery group branch circuit parallel connection.
Compared with the existing technology comparatively, the technique effect that the present invention " possesses hybrid battery power-supply system and the manufacture method thereof of self-adjusting ability " is:
1. utilize lithium manganate battery group high power discharge excellent performance, and discharge platform is a little more than the characteristic of lead-acid battery group, when realizing high power discharge, energy is exported based on lithium manganate battery group, the electric discharge of lead-acid battery group is auxiliary, externally export energy from two branch roads, and two branch road output voltages are consistent simultaneously.Realize without voltage regulating element, reach the ability that two branch roads in parallel all can export energy simultaneously.And high power discharge is comparatively large to the damage of lead-acid battery group, in fact this discharge mode protects lead-acid battery group, extends its useful life;
2., because lithium manganate battery group open circuit voltage and discharge platform are all a little more than lead-acid battery group, when with smaller power/multiplying power discharging, early stage exports energy with lithium manganate battery group, and lead-acid battery group does not export energy substantially; Along with the reduction of discharge voltage, progress into the later stage exporting energy based on lead-acid battery group, now lithium manganate battery group exports energy is auxiliary.This discharge mode makes lithium manganate battery group all discharge comparatively completely at every turn, and lead-acid battery group depth of discharge is more shallow.As everyone knows, the cycle life of lead-acid battery group depends on its depth of discharge to a great extent, when lead-acid battery group depth of discharge is selected suitable time (such as 50%), lithium manganate battery group can be coordinated to reach good life expectancy.
3., because the charging platform voltage of lead-acid battery group is slightly lower than lithium manganate battery group, when initial charge, think that lead-acid battery group is charged as master, along with the rising of lead-acid battery group voltage, transfer to gradually and think that lithium manganate battery group is charged as master.Lead-acid battery group easily forms sulfation when charge less electricity recycles, and battery capacity decay is serious, and lithium manganate battery group recycles under unsaturated state-of-charge, on the life-span without any impact.Be preferably the lead-acid battery group charging comparatively responsive to degree of charge like this, avoid the periodic duty under unsaturated state-of-charge of lead-acid battery group to the full extent, extend battery life.In this charging process, the adjustment of electric current is that two kinds of batteries in parallel connection own characteristics determine, automatically carries out, interferes without any need for electronic circuit;
4. hybrid battery system (is not charged shelving, electrical appliance is not powered) time, especially time near the theoretical cutoff voltage being discharged to lead-acid battery group, lead-acid battery group is comparatively serious to the charging of lithium manganate battery group, its charging capacity can reach 3% of lead-acid battery pool-size, even more, this will cause larger impact to the lead-acid battery group cycle life in hybrid battery system, therefore the present invention realizes full-automatic switch with controlled branch switch device makes hybrid battery system under the state of shelving, can not link together thus avoid the formation of inner looping, thus ensure that lead-acid battery group can not overdischarge.
Accompanying drawing explanation
Fig. 1 is the electrical connection schematic diagram of the present invention's first embodiment that " possesses hybrid battery power-supply system and the manufacture method thereof of self-adjusting ability ";
Fig. 2 is the electrical connection schematic diagram of second embodiment of the invention;
Fig. 3 be lead-acid battery group that capacity is identical and lithium manganate battery group when discharging with 0.7C1 battery voltage change schematic diagram;
Fig. 4 is lead-acid battery pool-size: lithium manganate battery pool-size=1:1, hybrid battery system 5A discharge, and the electric current of two parallel branches distributes schematic diagram;
Fig. 5 is that lead-acid battery group of the present invention and lithium manganate battery group two branch current change schematic diagram in time;
Fig. 6 is lead-acid battery group and lithium manganate battery group contrast schematic diagram;
Fig. 7 is the weight contrast schematic diagram of the lead-acid battery device of different purposes;
Fig. 8 is lead-acid battery different multiplying (C
xa) capacity and 1C during electric discharge
1multiplying power (C
1a) the capacity comparison figure discharged;
Fig. 9 shows the weight contrast schematic diagram of the lithium manganate battery device of two kinds of different purposes;
Figure 10 is lithium manganate battery cycle life curve chart under normal temperature condition;
Figure 11 is lithium manganate battery different multiplying (C
xa) capacity and 1C during electric discharge
1multiplying power (C
1a) the capacity comparison figure discharged;
Figure 12 is the example schematic of the open-circuit voltage values after the lead-acid battery group 1 with different monomers number combines with lithium manganate battery group 2;
Figure 13 is internal resistance and the initial instant electric current in loop after two battery pack parallel connections shown in Figure 12;
To be the lead-acid battery group 1 with different monomers number implement schematic diagram with the charging voltage after lithium manganate battery group 2 combines to Figure 14.
Embodiment
Be described in further detail below in conjunction with accompanying drawing illustrated embodiment.
The present invention designs, manufactures a kind of hybrid battery power-supply system possessing self-adjusting ability, comprises at least one lead-acid battery monomer 11, and at least one lithium manganate battery monomer 21; Described lead-acid battery is monomer series-connected forms lead-acid battery group branch road 1, and described lithium manganate battery is monomer series-connected forms lithium manganate battery group branch road 2, the open circuit voltage V of described lead-acid battery group branch road 1
pbe less than the open circuit voltage V of lithium manganate battery group branch road 2
m, and meet 0.10≤(V
m-V
p)/V
m≤ 0.2; Described lead-acid battery group branch road 1 is electrically connected with the parallel connection of lithium manganate battery group branch road 2.
Particularly, the open circuit voltage V of described lead-acid battery group branch road 1
pwith the open circuit voltage V of lithium manganate battery group branch road 2
m, meet 0.104≤(V
m-V
p)/V
m≤ 0.117.
The proportionate relationship of the capacitance summation of all lead-acid battery monomers 11 and the capacitance summation of all lithium manganate battery monomers 21 is in the scope of 1:99 ~ 99:1; The proportionate relationship of the capacitance summation of preferred all lead-acid battery monomers 11 and the capacitance summation of all lithium manganate battery monomers 21 is in the scope of 30:70 ~ 70:30.
First embodiment of the invention, as shown in Figure 1, described hybrid battery power-supply system also comprises controlled branch switch device 3; Described lead-acid battery group branch road 1 is electrically connected with described lithium manganate battery group branch road 2 parallel connection after connecting with branch switch device 3 again; When described hybrid battery power-supply system be in do not charge or not discharge condition time, described branch switch device 3 disconnects, thus makes lead-acid battery group branch road 1 can not be in parallel with lithium manganate battery group branch road 2; When described hybrid battery power-supply system is in charge or discharge state, described branch switch device 3 closes, thus lead-acid battery group branch road 1 is electrically connected with the parallel connection of lithium manganate battery group branch road 2.
Second embodiment of the invention, as shown in Figure 2, described hybrid battery power-supply system also comprises the control chip 41 that its control port is electrically connected with described branch switch device 3, and current signal collecting unit 42; Described control chip 41 by power input port parallel connection electrical connection described lithium manganate battery group branch road 2; Described current signal collecting unit 42 is connected on the output branch road of described hybrid battery power-supply system; Described current signal collecting unit 42 gathers the current signal information of hybrid battery power-supply system input and output branch road and sends to control chip 41, when control chip 41 judges that hybrid battery power-supply system input and output branch road does not have electric current, disconnect with regard to controlling brancher switching device 3; When control chip 41 judges that hybrid battery power-supply system input and output branch road has electric current, close with regard to controlling brancher switching device 3.
Described branch switch device 3 is metal-oxide layer-semiconductor-field effect transistor Metal-Oxide-Semiconductor Field-Effect Transistor.
Described hybrid battery power-supply system also comprises the lithium battery branch protection plate 5 be electrically connected in series with lithium manganate battery group 2, for preventing lithium manganate battery group 2 overcharge.
The present invention also proposes the method for the hybrid battery power-supply system possessing self-adjusting ability described in a kind of manufacture, comprises the steps:
A. lead-acid battery monomer and lithium manganate battery monomer is manufactured respectively;
B. at least one lead-acid battery monomer and at least one lithium manganate battery monomer is chosen; By monomer series-connected for lead-acid battery one-tenth lead-acid battery group branch road, by monomer series-connected for lithium manganate battery one-tenth lithium manganate battery group branch road; Adjust the concentration of electrolyte of each lead-acid battery monomer, make the open circuit voltage V of described lead-acid battery group branch road
pbe less than the open circuit voltage V of lithium manganate battery group branch road
m, and meet 0.10≤(V
m-V
p)/V
m≤ 0.2;
C. described lead-acid battery group branch road is electrically connected with lithium manganate battery group branch circuit parallel connection.
In steps A when manufacturing described lithium manganate battery monomer, when lithium manganate battery monomer positive pole batch mixing, in positive-active composition, be doped into lithium phosphate material and rate nickel-cobalt-manganese ternary material that its gross mass accounts for described positive pole batch mixing gross mass 5% to 70%.
During in order to prevent from not using hybrid battery power-supply system, interact between lead-acid battery group branch road and lithium manganate battery group branch road, step C comprises as follows step by step
The branch switch device of C1. connecting controlled on described lead-acid battery group branch road;
C2. the lead-acid battery group branch road of branch switch device of having connected described in C1 is step by step electrically connected with described lithium manganate battery group branch circuit parallel connection.
Below describe the present invention program and principle thereof in detail:
As shown in Figure 1, there is a metal-oxide layer-semiconductor-field effect transistor Metal-Oxide-Semiconductor Field-Effect Transistor centre to the simple parallel way of hybrid battery system, is abbreviated as MOSFET, hereinafter metal-oxide-semiconductor.On lead-acid battery group 1 branch road, when hybrid battery system is in charging or when powering to electrical appliance, metal-oxide-semiconductor is just connected, otherwise just disconnect, and what to power for this control circuit is lithium manganate battery group 2, its main advantage to reduce influencing each other between two kinds of variety classes secondary cells, ensure that hybrid battery system has longer cycle life.
Main points of the present invention are, lead-acid battery group 1 is with the parallel-connection structure of lithium manganate battery group 2, first hybrid battery system two leg open voltage can be made substantially the same by the number of elements changing two branch road series connection cells, also will see hybrid battery system charging/discharging voltage situation particularly, its principle to make maximum charging voltage and final discharging voltage all roughly the same.Due to the one that lithium manganate battery is lithium rechargeable battery, the impact of its density of electrolyte open-circuit voltage is less, and adjustment density of electrolyte has little significance.Wherein, lithium manganate battery monomer open circuit voltage is at about 4.17V.And the impact of lead-acid battery density of electrolyte open-circuit voltage significantly, therefore change the voltage of lead-acid battery group 01 by adjustment lead-acid battery density of electrolyte, the open circuit voltage of itself and lithium manganate battery group 02 is more or less the same.More particularly, the open circuit voltage of lead-acid battery monomer can calculate adjustment according to following formula:
V=(0.85+d) V, wherein, V is the open circuit voltage of lead-acid battery, 0.85 is empirical coefficient, and d is the sour density of lead-acid battery, the span of d be 1.30 ~ 1.33g/mL(in particular cases, can add/inject the sulfuric acid that density is higher), corresponding voltage V is 2.15 ~ 2.18V.
From above formula, the sour density d changing lead-acid battery wherein can change the open circuit voltage V of lead-acid battery.
The example of the open-circuit voltage values after the lead-acid battery group 1 with different monomers number combines with lithium manganate battery group 2 as shown in figure 12.
In fact, when lead-acid battery group 1 is in parallel with lithium manganate battery group 2, the initial voltage of two branch roads is different, and thus can produce an electric current in shunt circuit, this electric current is relevant with the resistance of each branch road of parallel branch.Under normal circumstances, LiMn2O4 internal resistance of single cell is at the 10m Ω order of magnitude, and plumbic acid internal resistance of single cell, at 0 ~ 10m Ω order of magnitude, adds the internal resistance of route protection plate in addition, and by the example of Figure 12, the internal resistance in rear loop in parallel and initial instant electric current are as shown in figure 13.
From Figure 12 and Figure 13; the open circuit voltage of lead-acid battery group 1 is regulated by the sour density adjusting lead-acid battery; the immediate current size that the parallel connection of adjustable two branched battery groups is initial afterwards; can select suitable initial instant electric current, the circuit of protection parallel connection is unlikely to by larger initial instant electrical injuries.After the parallel connection of two branched battery groups, be equivalent to lithium manganate battery group 2 pairs of lead-acid battery groups 1 and charge, when lead-acid battery group 1 voltage rise, lithium manganate battery group 2 voltage drop are to same value, both stopped.This time remaining, less than 1 second kind time, in fact can not cause lead-acid battery group 1 overcharge.
Another main points of the present invention are, the lead-acid battery group 1 of capacity type comparatively cheap for price and price power-type lithium manganate battery group 2 is costly unified into hybrid battery system, hybrid battery system after parallel connection can regulate the discharging current of two kinds of battery branch roads automatically, make two branched battery voltages identical all the time, and lithium manganate battery group 2 loop preferentially provide high power discharge.
See Fig. 3, due to discharge platform voltage comparatively lead-acid battery group 1 height of lithium manganate battery group 2, under same discharging current condition, the power ratio lead-acid battery group more than 1 that it can provide, especially high power discharge.Therefore, during high power discharge, more energy can be provided with the lead-acid battery group of the more same capacity of hybrid battery system that lithium manganate battery group 2 composes in parallel by lead-acid battery group 1, and the energy had more is relevant with capacity ratio shared by lithium manganate battery group 2 in hybrid battery system, in hybrid battery system, lithium manganate battery group 2 capacity proportion is higher, then the hybrid battery system high power discharge energy that can provide is also higher.For this reason, the lead-acid battery group 1 that hybrid battery system of the present invention can select Capacity Ratio different and lithium manganate battery group 2 carry out parallel connection, specifically, the mixed proportion of lead-acid battery group 1 and lithium manganate battery group 2 can 1:99 ~ 99:1 in a big way in selects, preferred mixed proportion is that the hybrid battery system optimum capacity of 30:70 ~ 70:30(such as on electric bicycle compare is 1:1).
In a preferred embodiment, when lead-acid battery group 1 capacity: during lithium manganate battery group 2 capacity=1:1, electric current distribution condition when two parallel branches of hybrid battery system are discharged as shown in Figure 4.As can be seen from Figure 4, because of lithium manganate battery group 2 discharge platform and voltage, comparatively lead-acid battery group 1 is high, and hybrid battery system of the present invention is when comparatively low-rate discharge, and input energy with lithium manganate battery group 2 early stage in electric discharge, namely lithium manganate battery group loop preferentially provides energy.Phase then discharges based on lead-acid battery group 1 after discharge.It is automatically regulate that electric current in discharge process distributes, and controls without any need for electronic circuit.When especially discharging with relatively high power, in electric discharge in earlier stage, comparatively lead-acid battery group branch road B is more for the electric current that lithium manganate battery group branch road A provides, and thus avoids lead-acid battery group 1 and carries out heavy-current discharge, protect lead-acid battery group 1, extend its life-span.This hybrid battery system is in whole discharge process, the electric current of lead-acid battery group 1 and lithium manganate battery group 2 two branch roads be according to respective branch road provide the ability of energy automatically to regulate, the voltage of two branch roads is identical all the time, and the voltage externally exported also is identical.
Another main points of the present invention are: because of the high-temperature behavior (especially high temperature shelving performance) of lithium manganate battery and overcharging resisting/mistake exoergic power relatively other high-performance power lithium-ion battery can differ from, in the present invention, the above-mentioned performance of lithium manganate battery is improved by the LiFePO 4 material and ternary material mixing one or both mixing, the main manufacture method difference of its battery is when lithium manganate cell positive electrode batch mixing, be doped in positive-active composition one or both mixing and account for LiFePO 4 material and the ternary material of gross mass 5%-70% mass fraction, there is because lithium iron phosphate positive material has special and highly stable olivine structural high security and the overcharging resisting more slightly better than ternary material/mistake exoergic power that other conventional lithium ion battery do not have, therefore, a certain amount of LiFePO4 or ternary material is mixed in lithium manganate battery, make up existing lithium manganate battery defect, greatly improve the good method of a class of existing lithium manganate battery overall performance.The discharge platform of lithium manganate battery group 2 can also be regulated and controled by the amount of mixing LiFePO 4 material or ternary material simultaneously; realize lithium manganate battery group 2 preferential discharge as far as possible; lead-acid battery group 1 later stage discharges again, and protection lead-acid battery group 1, extends the cycle life of lead-acid battery group 1.In addition; the baffle of lithium manganate battery group 2 should also have the function preventing floating charge; just automatically can disconnect after being full of electricity and not recharging; so just can prevent the long-time floating charge of lithium manganate battery group 2 and affect its performance, ensureing that the phenomenon that lithium manganate battery group 2 cycle life does not sharply shorten by its charging modes difference produces as far as possible.
Main points of the present invention are also, the hybrid battery system after parallel connection can regulate the charging current of two kinds of battery pack branch roads automatically, make two branched battery group voltages identical all the time, and preferentially mainly charge to lead-acid battery group 1.
Charging voltage embodiment after the lead-acid battery group 1 with different monomers number combines with lithium manganate battery group 2 is as Figure 14.From table 6 Figure 14, lead-acid battery group 1 is substantially the same with lithium manganate battery group 2 charging voltage, and identical charging voltage can be used to charge.This hybrid battery system is with constant voltage charge, but the mode of restriction charging current is carried out.Its charging voltage can adopt the charging voltage in Figure 14, charging current is then limited in less than 0.3 times of hybrid battery power system capacity, charge cutoff mode can be determined according to electric current in latter stage, can stop charging when latter stage when charging current is in 0.05 ~ 0.2 times of hybrid battery power system capacity.As lead-acid battery group 1 with unsaturated charged recycle time, be easy to form sulfation, battery capacity and life time decay can be accelerated, therefore should ensure in use as far as possible lead-acid battery group 1 be discharged at every turn after full charge again.And lithium manganate battery group 2 is insensitive for state-of-charge, with unsaturated charged carry out recycling can't affect its life-span.So hybrid battery system of the present invention in use, preferentially ensure lead-acid battery group 1 full charge all the time, thus protect lead-acid battery group 1, and will obviously extend the useful life of lead-acid battery group 1.
As shown in Figure 5, during charging, because the internal resistance of lead-acid battery group 1 is less, and charging platform voltage comparatively lithium manganate battery group 2 is low, when starting to charge, charging current mainly concentrates on lead-acid battery group branch road B.Along with the raising of lead-acid battery group 1 voltage, lead-acid battery group 1 voltage is gradually near lithium manganate battery group 2 charging voltage platform, and in this process, lithium manganate battery group branch road A charging current increases gradually, and lead-acid battery group branch road B charging current reduces gradually.Whole process automatically regulates charging current according to two branched battery group charge acceptances, makes the charging voltage of two branch roads and cell voltage be consistent all the time.
As for the parallel connection completing lead-acid battery group 1 and lithium manganate battery group 2, define hybrid battery system.This two branched battery is when shelving, and the electronic control circuit general principle that is applied to of mutually charging for a long time to prevent it is comparatively simple.Its control principle is exactly can allow the signal of relay identification way circuit having no current pass through to convert to, metal-oxide-semiconductor is made to become full-automatic switch according to the change of above-mentioned signal, but, corresponding electronic element precision needed for electronic control circuit and sensitive very high, its electronic control circuit rough schematic as shown in Figure 2.What deserves to be explained is that the electronic control circuit with this function can concentrate on one piece of circuit board with the lithium electric protection plate with anti-overcharge function to complete, and the hybrid battery system protection plate that this kind has an additional functionality only adds some costs slightly than independent lithium electric protection plate.
Significant contribution of the present invention is, it efficiently solves the problem by the voltage and current of control circuit monitoring battery in prior art.The present invention makes full use of lead-acid battery group 1 and the respective feature of lithium manganate battery group 2, make when not needing other electronic circuit additional, by each branch road discharging current of self automatic adjustment of this hybrid battery system, make two branched battery voltages identical all the time, and lithium manganate battery group 2 loop preferentially provides high power discharge ability, avoid lead-acid battery group 01 heavy-current discharge to its damage, extend its life-span.The present invention also can regulate each branch road charging current automatically, makes two branched battery voltages identical all the time, and preferentially ensure that the lead-acid battery group 1 being easy to damage is in fullcharging electricity recurrent state all the time, extends its life-span.The invention enables the mutual supplement with each other's advantages of two kinds of battery pack, achieve making full use of the advantage of a wherein branched battery group, avoid the defect of another branched battery group simultaneously.It is simple that the present invention also has structure, easy to implement, the features such as cost is low.
Claims (8)
1. possess a hybrid battery power-supply system for self-adjusting ability, it is characterized in that:
Comprise at least one lead-acid battery monomer (11), and at least one lithium manganate battery monomer (21); Described lead-acid battery is monomer series-connected forms lead-acid battery group branch road (1), and described lithium manganate battery is monomer series-connected forms lithium manganate battery group branch road (2), the open circuit voltage V of described lead-acid battery group branch road (1)
pbe less than the open circuit voltage V of lithium manganate battery group branch road (2)
m, and meet 0.10≤(V
m-V
p)/V
m≤ 0.2; Described lead-acid battery group branch road (1) is electrically connected with lithium manganate battery group branch road (2) parallel connection;
Described hybrid battery power-supply system also comprises controlled branch switch device (3); Described lead-acid battery group branch road (1) is electrically connected with described lithium manganate battery group branch road (2) parallel connection after connecting with branch switch device (3) again;
When described hybrid battery power-supply system be in do not charge or not discharge condition time, described branch switch device (3) disconnects, thus makes lead-acid battery group branch road (1) can not be in parallel with lithium manganate battery group branch road (2); When described hybrid battery power-supply system is in charge or discharge state, described branch switch device (3) closes, thus lead-acid battery group branch road (1) is electrically connected with lithium manganate battery group branch road (2) parallel connection.
2. the hybrid battery power-supply system possessing self-adjusting ability according to claim 1, is characterized in that:
The open circuit voltage V of described lead-acid battery group branch road (1)
pwith the open circuit voltage V of lithium manganate battery group branch road (2)
m, meet 0.104≤(V
m-V
p)/V
m≤ 0.117.
3. the hybrid battery power-supply system possessing self-adjusting ability according to 1 claim, is characterized in that:
The proportionate relationship of the capacitance summation of all lead-acid battery monomers (11) and the capacitance summation of all lithium manganate battery monomers (21) is in the scope of 1:99 ~ 99:1;
The proportionate relationship of the preferred capacitance summation of all lead-acid battery monomers (11) and the capacitance summation of all lithium manganate battery monomers (21) is in the scope of 30:70 ~ 70:30.
4. the hybrid battery power-supply system possessing self-adjusting ability according to claim 1, is characterized in that:
Also comprise the control chip (41) that its control port is electrically connected with described branch switch device (3), and current signal collecting unit (42); Described control chip (41) by power input port parallel connection electrical connection described lithium manganate battery group branch road (2); Described current signal collecting unit (42) is connected on the output branch road of described hybrid battery power-supply system;
Described current signal collecting unit (42) gathers the current signal information of hybrid battery power-supply system input and output branch road and sends to control chip (41), when control chip (41) judges that hybrid battery power-supply system input and output branch road does not have electric current, disconnect with regard to controlling brancher switching device (3); When control chip (41) judges that hybrid battery power-supply system input and output branch road has electric current, close with regard to controlling brancher switching device (3).
5. the hybrid battery power-supply system possessing self-adjusting ability according to claim 1 or 4, is characterized in that:
Described branch switch device (3) is metal-oxide layer-semiconductor-field effect transistor.
6. the hybrid battery power-supply system possessing self-adjusting ability according to claim 1, is characterized in that:
Also comprise the lithium battery branch protection plate (5) be electrically connected in series with lithium manganate battery group (2), for preventing lithium manganate battery group (2) overcharge.
7. possess a manufacture method for the hybrid battery power-supply system of self-adjusting ability, it is characterized in that comprising the steps:
A. lead-acid battery monomer and lithium manganate battery monomer is manufactured respectively;
B. at least one lead-acid battery monomer and at least one lithium manganate battery monomer is chosen; By monomer series-connected for lead-acid battery one-tenth lead-acid battery group branch road, by monomer series-connected for lithium manganate battery one-tenth lithium manganate battery group branch road; Adjust the concentration of electrolyte of each lead-acid battery monomer, make the open circuit voltage V of described lead-acid battery group branch road
pbe less than the open circuit voltage V of lithium manganate battery group branch road
m, and meet 0.10≤(V
m-V
p)/V
m≤ 0.2;
C. described lead-acid battery group branch road is electrically connected with lithium manganate battery group branch circuit parallel connection;
Step C comprises as follows step by step
The branch switch device of C1. connecting controlled on described lead-acid battery group branch road;
C2. the lead-acid battery group branch road of branch switch device of having connected described in C1 is step by step electrically connected with described lithium manganate battery group branch circuit parallel connection.
8. the manufacture method possessing the hybrid battery power-supply system of self-adjusting ability according to claim 7, is characterized in that:
In steps A when manufacturing described lithium manganate battery monomer, when lithium manganate battery monomer positive pole batch mixing, in positive-active composition, be doped into LiFePO 4 material and rate nickel-cobalt-manganese ternary material that its gross mass accounts for described positive pole batch mixing gross mass 5% to 70%.
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| CN201110458898.3A CN103187583B (en) | 2011-12-31 | 2011-12-31 | Hybrid battery power supply system with self-regulation capability and manufacturing method thereof |
| CN2011205727870U CN202423480U (en) | 2011-12-31 | 2011-12-31 | Hybrid battery power supply system with self-adjusting capability |
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| CN201110458898.3A CN103187583B (en) | 2011-12-31 | 2011-12-31 | Hybrid battery power supply system with self-regulation capability and manufacturing method thereof |
| CN2011205727870U CN202423480U (en) | 2011-12-31 | 2011-12-31 | Hybrid battery power supply system with self-adjusting capability |
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| EP2983268B1 (en) * | 2013-04-03 | 2018-10-17 | Panasonic Intellectual Property Management Co., Ltd. | Battery system |
| CN113437441A (en) * | 2021-06-16 | 2021-09-24 | 蜂巢能源科技有限公司 | Battery core combination method of hybrid battery module and hybrid battery module |
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| CN1949563A (en) * | 2006-10-26 | 2007-04-18 | 复旦大学 | High safety performance lithium ion cell and preparing method thereof |
| CN101552348A (en) * | 2009-02-13 | 2009-10-07 | 深圳市雄韬电源科技有限公司 | Mixing accumulator system |
| CN101740803B (en) * | 2009-02-13 | 2011-12-21 | 深圳市雄韬电源科技股份有限公司 | Self-regulating hybrid battery of lead-acid batteries and LiFePO4 batteries |
| CN201750183U (en) * | 2010-07-28 | 2011-02-16 | 深圳市科列技术有限公司 | Charge protection device of lithium iron phosphate battery for communication base station |
| CN202423480U (en) * | 2011-12-31 | 2012-09-05 | 深圳市雄韬电源科技股份有限公司 | Hybrid battery power supply system with self-adjusting capability |
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