CN113437441A - Battery core combination method of hybrid battery module and hybrid battery module - Google Patents
Battery core combination method of hybrid battery module and hybrid battery module Download PDFInfo
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- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 40
- GELKBWJHTRAYNV-UHFFFAOYSA-K lithium iron phosphate Chemical compound [Li+].[Fe+2].[O-]P([O-])([O-])=O GELKBWJHTRAYNV-UHFFFAOYSA-K 0.000 claims abstract description 57
- KFDQGLPGKXUTMZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N [Mn].[Co].[Ni] Chemical compound [Mn].[Co].[Ni] KFDQGLPGKXUTMZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims abstract description 53
- XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N water Substances O XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims 2
- 239000011572 manganese Substances 0.000 abstract description 3
- PWHULOQIROXLJO-UHFFFAOYSA-N Manganese Chemical compound [Mn] PWHULOQIROXLJO-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 abstract description 2
- 229910052748 manganese Inorganic materials 0.000 abstract description 2
- QXZUUHYBWMWJHK-UHFFFAOYSA-N [Co].[Ni] Chemical compound [Co].[Ni] QXZUUHYBWMWJHK-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 abstract 1
- 238000010586 diagram Methods 0.000 description 14
- PXHVJJICTQNCMI-UHFFFAOYSA-N Nickel Chemical compound [Ni] PXHVJJICTQNCMI-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
- 238000009792 diffusion process Methods 0.000 description 3
- 229910018060 Ni-Co-Mn Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- 229910018209 Ni—Co—Mn Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- 108010001267 Protein Subunits Proteins 0.000 description 2
- 239000011159 matrix material Substances 0.000 description 2
- 238000012986 modification Methods 0.000 description 2
- 230000004048 modification Effects 0.000 description 2
- HFCVPDYCRZVZDF-UHFFFAOYSA-N [Li+].[Co+2].[Ni+2].[O-][Mn]([O-])(=O)=O Chemical compound [Li+].[Co+2].[Ni+2].[O-][Mn]([O-])(=O)=O HFCVPDYCRZVZDF-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- WFGBXPXOFAFPTO-UHFFFAOYSA-N [P].[Fe].[Li] Chemical compound [P].[Fe].[Li] WFGBXPXOFAFPTO-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 230000032683 aging Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000010941 cobalt Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910017052 cobalt Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- GUTLYIVDDKVIGB-UHFFFAOYSA-N cobalt atom Chemical compound [Co] GUTLYIVDDKVIGB-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 239000000463 material Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910052759 nickel Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 230000001105 regulatory effect Effects 0.000 description 1
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
- H01M50/00—Constructional details or processes of manufacture of the non-active parts of electrochemical cells other than fuel cells, e.g. hybrid cells
- H01M50/50—Current conducting connections for cells or batteries
- H01M50/502—Interconnectors for connecting terminals of adjacent batteries; Interconnectors for connecting cells outside a battery casing
- H01M50/509—Interconnectors for connecting terminals of adjacent batteries; Interconnectors for connecting cells outside a battery casing characterised by the type of connection, e.g. mixed connections
- H01M50/51—Connection only in series
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
- H01M12/00—Hybrid cells; Manufacture thereof
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
- H01M50/00—Constructional details or processes of manufacture of the non-active parts of electrochemical cells other than fuel cells, e.g. hybrid cells
- H01M50/50—Current conducting connections for cells or batteries
- H01M50/502—Interconnectors for connecting terminals of adjacent batteries; Interconnectors for connecting cells outside a battery casing
- H01M50/509—Interconnectors for connecting terminals of adjacent batteries; Interconnectors for connecting cells outside a battery casing characterised by the type of connection, e.g. mixed connections
- H01M50/512—Connection only in parallel
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- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02E—REDUCTION OF GREENHOUSE GAS [GHG] EMISSIONS, RELATED TO ENERGY GENERATION, TRANSMISSION OR DISTRIBUTION
- Y02E60/00—Enabling technologies; Technologies with a potential or indirect contribution to GHG emissions mitigation
- Y02E60/10—Energy storage using batteries
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Abstract
本发明涉及动力电池领域，提供一种混合电池模组的电芯组合方法以及混合电池模组。所述混合电池模组包括磷酸铁锂电芯和镍钴锰电芯，所述混合电池模组的电芯组合方法包括：将磷酸铁锂电芯和镍钴锰电芯以先串联后并联的方式组合；或者将磷酸铁锂电芯和镍钴锰电芯以先并联后串联的方式组合。本发明的混合电池模组的电芯组合方法，通过将磷酸铁锂电芯与镍钴锰电芯串并联，提升电池模组整体的能量密度，提升电池模组的低温性能，可以有效阻隔镍钴锰电芯热失控后的热蔓延，提升整个模组的安全性能，同时降低了热管理设计的难度。
The invention relates to the field of power batteries, and provides a battery cell combining method of a hybrid battery module and a hybrid battery module. The hybrid battery module includes a lithium iron phosphate cell and a nickel-cobalt-manganese cell, and the method for combining the cells of the hybrid battery module includes: combining the lithium iron phosphate cell and the nickel-cobalt-manganese cell in a series-connected manner and then in parallel. ; Or combine lithium iron phosphate batteries and nickel cobalt manganese batteries in parallel and then in series. The battery cell combination method of the hybrid battery module of the present invention improves the overall energy density of the battery module, improves the low temperature performance of the battery module, and can effectively block the nickel-cobalt battery by connecting the lithium iron phosphate battery cell and the nickel-cobalt-manganese battery cell in series and parallel. The thermal spread of the manganese cell after thermal runaway improves the safety performance of the entire module and reduces the difficulty of thermal management design.
Description
技术领域technical field
本发明涉及动力电池领域，具体地涉及一种混合电池模组的电芯组合方法以及一种混合电池模组。The invention relates to the field of power batteries, in particular to a battery cell combining method of a hybrid battery module and a hybrid battery module.
背景技术Background technique
现有的动力电池模组通常由磷酸铁锂(Lithium Iron Phosphate，简称LFP，又称磷酸锂铁、锂铁磷)电芯组合而成(即纯LFP模组)，这种电池模组的缺点是：能量密度低，无法满足用户高续航的需求，且SOC、SOH等估算不准确，致使电池管理系统无法有效起到管理作用，安全性较低。还有一种电池模组由镍钴锰酸锂电芯(包括镍(Ni)、钴(Co)、锰(Mn)三种材料，简称NMC电芯)组合而成，这种电池模组的缺点是：需要引入复杂的防热扩散设计，一方面增加模组和电池包的质量，降低了电池包的质量能量密度，另一方面也增加了模组和电池包的成本。目前，亟需一种安全性更高，且不需要增加复杂的防热失控设计的电池模组。Existing power battery modules are usually composed of lithium iron phosphate (Lithium Iron Phosphate, LFP for short, also known as lithium iron phosphate, lithium iron phosphorus) cells (ie pure LFP modules). Yes: the energy density is low, which cannot meet the needs of users for high battery life, and the estimation of SOC, SOH, etc. is inaccurate, so that the battery management system cannot effectively play a management role, and the safety is low. There is also a battery module composed of nickel-cobalt-manganate lithium batteries (including nickel (Ni), cobalt (Co), and manganese (Mn) three materials, referred to as NMC batteries). The disadvantage of this battery module is that : It is necessary to introduce a complex anti-thermal diffusion design. On the one hand, it increases the quality of the module and battery pack, reducing the mass energy density of the battery pack, and on the other hand, it also increases the cost of the module and battery pack. At present, there is an urgent need for a battery module with higher safety and no need to add a complicated thermal runaway design.
发明内容SUMMARY OF THE INVENTION
本发明的目的是提供一种混合电池模组的电芯组合方法及混合电池模组，以解决上述的问题。The purpose of the present invention is to provide a cell combination method of a hybrid battery module and a hybrid battery module to solve the above problems.
为了实现上述目的，本发明一方面提供一种混合电池模组的电芯组合方法，所述混合电池模组包括磷酸铁锂电芯和镍钴锰电芯，所述方法包括：In order to achieve the above object, one aspect of the present invention provides a cell combination method for a hybrid battery module, the hybrid battery module includes a lithium iron phosphate cell and a nickel cobalt manganese cell, and the method includes:
将磷酸铁锂电芯和镍钴锰电芯以先串联后并联的方式组合；或者Combining lithium iron phosphate cells and nickel cobalt manganese cells in series and then in parallel; or
将磷酸铁锂电芯和镍钴锰电芯以先并联后串联的方式组合。The lithium iron phosphate cell and the nickel cobalt manganese cell are combined in parallel and then in series.
进一步地，所述将磷酸铁锂电芯和镍钴锰电芯以先串联后并联的方式组合，包括：将磷酸铁锂电芯和镍钴锰电芯组成多个串联单元，其中每个串联单元包括至少一个由磷酸铁锂电芯串联连接组成的第一子单元和至少一个由镍钴锰电芯串联连接组成的第二子单元；将多个串联单元以并联连接的方式组合。Further, the combination of the lithium iron phosphate cell and the nickel-cobalt-manganese cell in a manner of connecting in series and then in parallel includes: forming a plurality of series units with the lithium iron phosphate cell and the nickel-cobalt-manganese cell, wherein each series unit includes: At least one first sub-unit composed of lithium iron phosphate cells connected in series and at least one second sub-unit composed of nickel-cobalt-manganese cells connected in series; multiple series units are combined in a parallel connection manner.
进一步地，所述第一子单元包括至少一个磷酸铁锂电芯，所述第二子单元包括至少一个镍钴锰电芯，所述第一子单元的磷酸铁锂电芯与所述第二子单元的镍钴锰电芯间隔排布。Further, the first subunit includes at least one lithium iron phosphate battery, the second subunit includes at least one nickel-cobalt-manganese battery, and the lithium iron phosphate battery of the first subunit is connected to the second subunit. The nickel-cobalt-manganese cells are arranged at intervals.
进一步地，所述第一子单元中的磷酸铁锂电芯的数量与所述第二子单元中的镍钴锰电芯的数量满足以下关系：Further, the number of lithium iron phosphate batteries in the first subunit and the number of nickel-cobalt-manganese batteries in the second subunit satisfy the following relationship:
或者or
其中，nLFP表示所述第一子单元中的磷酸铁锂电芯的数量，nNMC表示所述第二子单元中的镍钴锰电芯的数量，nNMx表示所述第二子单元中的无钴电芯的数量。Wherein, n LFP represents the number of lithium iron phosphate cells in the first sub-unit, n NMC represents the number of nickel-cobalt-manganese cells in the second sub-unit, and n NMx represents the number of lithium iron phosphate cells in the second sub-unit Number of cobalt-free cells.
进一步地，各个串联单元中磷酸铁锂电芯的数量相同，各个串联单元中镍钴锰电芯的数量相同。Further, the number of lithium iron phosphate batteries in each series unit is the same, and the number of nickel cobalt manganese batteries in each series unit is the same.
进一步地，所述将磷酸铁锂电芯和镍钴锰电芯以先并联后串联的方式组合，包括：将磷酸铁锂电芯和镍钴锰电芯组成多个并联单元，所述多个并联单元中至少有一个并联单元由磷酸铁锂电芯并联连接组成，且至少有一个并联单元由镍钴锰电芯并联连接组成；将所述多个并联单元以串联连接的方式组合。Further, the combination of the lithium iron phosphate cell and the nickel-cobalt-manganese cell in a parallel connection and then in series includes: forming a plurality of parallel units with the lithium iron phosphate cell and the nickel-cobalt-manganese cell, the multiple parallel units. At least one parallel unit is composed of lithium iron phosphate batteries connected in parallel, and at least one parallel unit is composed of nickel-cobalt-manganese batteries connected in parallel; the plurality of parallel units are connected in series.
进一步地，所述多个并联单元呈阵列排布。Further, the plurality of parallel units are arranged in an array.
进一步地，呈阵列排布的每一排电芯中磷酸铁锂电芯的数量相同，每一排电芯中镍钴锰电芯的数量相同。Further, the number of lithium iron phosphate cells in each row of cells arranged in an array is the same, and the number of nickel-cobalt-manganese cells in each row of cells is the same.
进一步地，呈阵列排布的每一排电芯中包括至少一个磷酸铁锂电芯，或者每一排电芯中包括至少一个镍钴锰电芯。Further, each row of cells arranged in an array includes at least one lithium iron phosphate cell, or each row of cells includes at least one nickel-cobalt-manganese cell.
进一步地，所述方法还包括：在每个串联单元中串联电流控制单元。Further, the method further includes: connecting a current control unit in series in each series unit.
进一步地，所述方法还包括：在每个并联单元中串联电流控制单元。Further, the method further includes: connecting a current control unit in series in each parallel unit.
进一步地，所述混合电池模组的容量满足以下条件：Further, the capacity of the hybrid battery module satisfies the following conditions:
在NLFP>NNMC时，
在NLFP≤NNMC时，
其中，NLFP表示所有串联单元的磷酸铁锂电芯的总数量，NNMC表示所有串单元的镍钴锰电芯的总数量，
进一步地，所述混合电池模组的初始SOC满足以下条件：Further, the initial SOC of the hybrid battery module satisfies the following conditions:
或者or
其中，
进一步地，所述镍钴锰电芯可替换为无钴电芯。Further, the nickel-cobalt-manganese cell can be replaced with a cobalt-free cell.
本发明另一方面提供一种混合电池模组，所述混合电池模组采用上述的混合电池模组的电芯组合方法制作而成。Another aspect of the present invention provides a hybrid battery module. The hybrid battery module is fabricated by using the above-mentioned method for combining cells of a hybrid battery module.
本发明的混合电池模组的电芯组合方法，通过将磷酸铁锂电芯与镍钴锰电芯(或无钴电芯)串并联，修饰磷酸铁锂模组的电压曲线，从而更准确地计算电池模组的SOC、SOH，便于电池管理系统的管理；通过将磷酸铁锂电芯与镍钴锰电芯(或无钴电芯)串并联，提升电池模组整体的能量密度，提升电池模组的低温性能。由于磷酸铁锂电芯不易起火爆炸，将磷酸铁锂电芯与镍钴锰电芯串并联，可以有效阻隔镍钴锰电芯热失控后的热蔓延，提升整个模组的安全性能，同时降低了热管理设计的难度。并且，磷酸铁锂电芯的成本低于镍钴锰电芯，混合模组的单位瓦时成本低于由纯镍钴锰模组的单位瓦时成本。The battery cell combination method of the hybrid battery module of the present invention modifies the voltage curve of the lithium iron phosphate module by connecting the lithium iron phosphate cell and the nickel cobalt manganese cell (or the cobalt-free cell) in series and parallel, so as to more accurately calculate The SOC and SOH of the battery module are convenient for the management of the battery management system; by connecting the lithium iron phosphate cells and the nickel-cobalt-manganese cells (or cobalt-free cells) in series and parallel, the overall energy density of the battery module is improved, and the battery module is improved. low temperature performance. Since the lithium iron phosphate battery is not easy to catch fire and explode, connecting the lithium iron phosphate battery and the nickel-cobalt-manganese battery in series and parallel can effectively block the thermal spread of the nickel-cobalt-manganese battery after thermal runaway, improve the safety performance of the entire module, and reduce the heat Difficulty managing design. Moreover, the cost of lithium iron phosphate batteries is lower than that of nickel-cobalt-manganese batteries, and the unit watt-hour cost of hybrid modules is lower than that of pure nickel-cobalt-manganese modules.
本发明实施方式的其它特征和优点将在随后的具体实施方式部分予以详细说明。Additional features and advantages of embodiments of the present invention are described in detail in the detailed description section that follows.
附图说明Description of drawings
附图是用来提供对本发明实施方式的进一步理解，并且构成说明书的一部分，与下面的具体实施方式一起用于解释本发明实施方式，但并不构成对本发明实施方式的限制。在附图中：The accompanying drawings are used to provide a further understanding of the embodiments of the present invention, and constitute a part of the specification, and together with the following specific embodiments, are used to explain the embodiments of the present invention, but do not limit the embodiments of the present invention. In the attached image:
图1是方形电芯的外形示意图；Figure 1 is a schematic diagram of the shape of a square cell;
图2是本发明一种实施例提供的先串后并组合方式的示意图；2 is a schematic diagram of a serial-first-parallel combination mode provided by an embodiment of the present invention;
图3是本发明一种实施例提供的先串后并组合方式(LFP电芯与NMC电芯间隔串联)的示意图；3 is a schematic diagram of a series-first-parallel combination method (LFP cells and NMC cells are connected in series at intervals) provided by an embodiment of the present invention;
图4是本发明一种实施例提供的先并后串组合方式(各并联单元之间以大面相对的方式进行串联)的示意图；4 is a schematic diagram of a parallel-first and then-serial combination method provided by an embodiment of the present invention (parallel units are connected in series in a large-faced opposite manner);
图5是本发明一种实施例提供的先并后串组合方式(各并联单元之间以侧面相对的方式进行串联)的示意图；5 is a schematic diagram of a parallel-first and then-serial combination method provided by an embodiment of the present invention (the parallel units are connected in series in a side-to-side manner);
图6是本发明一种实施例提供的先串后并组合方式的电流控制单元的设置示意图；6 is a schematic diagram of the arrangement of a current control unit in a series-first-parallel combination mode provided by an embodiment of the present invention;
图7是本发明一种实施例提供的先并后串组合方式的电流控制单元的设置示意图。FIG. 7 is a schematic diagram illustrating the arrangement of a current control unit in a parallel-before-series combination provided by an embodiment of the present invention.
具体实施方式Detailed ways
以下结合附图对本发明的具体实施方式进行详细说明。应当理解的是，此处所描述的具体实施方式仅用于说明和解释本发明，并不用于限制本发明。The specific embodiments of the present invention will be described in detail below with reference to the accompanying drawings. It should be understood that the specific embodiments described herein are only used to illustrate and explain the present invention, but not to limit the present invention.
磷酸铁锂(以下简称LFP)电芯与镍钴锰(以下简称NMC)电芯或无钴电芯(以下简称NMx电芯)组成的混合模组相较于纯LFP模组和纯NMC模组具有显著优势。混合模组与纯LFP模组相比，混合模组的SOC、SOH等计算更准确，更容易实现BMS的有效管理，而且混串模组的能量密度和功率密度更高，能够提供更优异的驾驶体验。混合模组与纯NMC(或NMx)模组相比，混合模组的安全性更高，且不需要增加复杂的防热失控设计，单位瓦时的成本更低。混合模组通常采用一并多串或多并多串的方式。The hybrid module composed of lithium iron phosphate (hereinafter referred to as LFP) cells and nickel cobalt manganese (hereinafter referred to as NMC) cells or cobalt-free cells (hereinafter referred to as NMx cells) is compared with pure LFP modules and pure NMC modules. has significant advantages. Compared with the pure LFP module, the hybrid module has more accurate calculation of SOC and SOH, and it is easier to realize the effective management of the BMS. Moreover, the hybrid module has higher energy density and power density, and can provide better performance. driving experience. Compared with pure NMC (or NMx) modules, hybrid modules have higher safety, do not need to add complex thermal runaway design, and have lower cost per watt-hour. Hybrid modules usually use a multi-series or multi-series approach.
本发明实施方式提供一种混合电池模组的电芯组合方法，所述混合电池模组包括LFP电芯和NMC电芯，所述方法包括：将LFP电芯和NMC电芯以先串联后并联的方式组合；或者将LFP电芯和NMC电芯以先并联后串联的方式组合。Embodiments of the present invention provide a method for combining cells of a hybrid battery module, the hybrid battery module includes LFP cells and NMC cells, and the method includes: connecting the LFP cells and the NMC cells in series and then in parallel or combine the LFP cells and NMC cells in parallel and then in series.
在一种实施方式中，采用LFP电芯和NMC电芯以先串联后并联的方式进行组合。具体为，将LFP电芯和NMC电芯组成多个串联单元，其中每个串联单元包括至少一个由LFP电芯串联连接组成的第一子单元和至少一个由NMC电芯串联连接组成的第二子单元，再将多个串联单元以并联连接的方式组合成混合电池模组。其中，由LFP电芯串联连接组成的第一子单元包括至少一个LFP电芯，由NMC电芯串联连接组成的第二子单元包括至少一个NMC电芯，所述第一子单元的LFP电芯与所述第二子单元的NMC电芯间隔排布。In one embodiment, LFP cells and NMC cells are combined in series and then in parallel. Specifically, the LFP cells and the NMC cells are formed into a plurality of series units, wherein each series unit includes at least one first subunit composed of LFP cells connected in series and at least one second subunit composed of NMC cells connected in series Subunits, and then combine multiple series units in parallel connection to form a hybrid battery module. The first subunit composed of LFP cells connected in series includes at least one LFP cell, the second subunit composed of NMC cells connected in series includes at least one NMC cell, and the LFP cells of the first subunit and arranged at intervals from the NMC cells of the second subunit.
图2是本发明一种实施例提供的先串后并组合方式的示意图；2 is a schematic diagram of a serial-first-parallel combination mode provided by an embodiment of the present invention;
图3是本发明一种实施例提供的先串后并组合方式(LFP电芯与NMC电芯间隔串联)的示意图。FIG. 3 is a schematic diagram of a series-first-parallel combination mode (LFP cells and NMC cells are connected in series at intervals) provided by an embodiment of the present invention.
图2表示由LFP电芯和NMC电芯先串后并组成的多串两并模组，Bi为包含任意数量的LFP或NMC电芯的基本串联单元，S1、S2是由Bi串联而成的串联单元。S1和S2并联后得到多串两并的模组。需要说明的是，串联单元Si的数量M≥1。举例而言，当Bi只包含一个电芯，且LFP电芯与NMC电芯间隔排布时，将得到图3所示的构型。图3中，C1表示LFP电芯，C2表示NMC电芯，或者C2表示LFP电芯，C1表示NMC电芯。Figure 2 shows a multi-series and two-parallel module composed of LFP cells and NMC cells in series and then in parallel. B i is a basic series unit containing any number of LFP or NMC cells, and S 1 and S 2 are composed of B i A series unit formed in series. After S1 and S2 are connected in parallel, a multi-series and two -parallel module is obtained. It should be noted that the
本实施例中，LFP电芯和NMC电芯均为方形形状。图1是方形电芯的外形示意图。参照图1，LFP电芯和NMC电芯均包括一顶面S1、一底面S4、两大面S3(面积最大)、两侧面S2。图2和图3中展示的均为电芯的大面S3相对进行串联的情况，在其它实施例中不同电芯也可以通过侧面S2相对进行串联。In this embodiment, both the LFP cell and the NMC cell are in a square shape. Figure 1 is a schematic diagram of the shape of a square cell. Referring to FIG. 1 , both the LFP cell and the NMC cell include a top surface S1 , a bottom surface S4 , two large surfaces S3 (with the largest area), and two side surfaces S2 . FIG. 2 and FIG. 3 show the case where the large faces S3 of the cells are connected in series relative to each other. In other embodiments, different cells can also be connected in series relative to each other through the side faces S2 .
在优选实施例中，由LFP电芯串联连接组成的第一子单元中的LFP电芯的数量与由NMC电芯串联连接组成的第二子单元中的NMC电芯的数量满足以下关系：In a preferred embodiment, the number of LFP cells in the first subunit composed of LFP cells connected in series and the number of NMC cells in the second subunit composed of NMC cells connected in series satisfies the following relationship:
或者or
其中，nLFP表示所述第一子单元中的LFP电芯的数量，nNMC表示所述第二子单元中的NMC电芯的数量，nNMx表示所述第二子单元中的NMx电芯的数量。Wherein, n LFP represents the number of LFP cells in the first subunit, n NMC represents the number of NMC cells in the second subunit, and n NMx represents the NMx cells in the second subunit quantity.
例如，第一子单元中的LFP电芯的数量为7，第二子单元中的NMC电芯的数量为6；或者，第一子单元中的LFP电芯的数量为14，第二子单元中的NMC电芯的数量为12。For example, the number of LFP cells in the first subunit is 7, and the number of NMC cells in the second subunit is 6; or, the number of LFP cells in the first subunit is 14, and the number of the second subunit is 14 The number of NMC cells in is 12.
在另一实施例中，上述的NMC电芯可替换为NMx电芯(无钴电芯)。In another embodiment, the above-mentioned NMC cells can be replaced with NMx cells (cobalt-free cells).
在另一种实施方式中，采用LFP电芯和NMC电芯以先并联后串联的方式进行组合。具体为，将LFP电芯和NMC电芯组成多个并联单元，所述多个并联单元中至少有一个并联单元由LFP电芯并联连接组成，且至少有一个并联单元由NMC电芯并联连接组成。然后，将多个并联单元以串联连接的方式组合成混合电池模组，其中多个并联单元呈阵列排布。呈阵列排布的每一排电芯中LFP电芯的数量相同，每一排电芯中NMC电芯的数量相同。其中，呈阵列排布的每一排电芯中包括至少一个LFP电芯，或者每一排电芯中包括至少一个NMC电芯。In another embodiment, LFP cells and NMC cells are combined in parallel first and then in series. Specifically, the LFP cells and the NMC cells are formed into multiple parallel units, at least one of the multiple parallel units is composed of LFP cells connected in parallel, and at least one parallel unit is composed of NMC cells connected in parallel . Then, a plurality of parallel cells are combined in series to form a hybrid battery module, wherein the plurality of parallel cells are arranged in an array. The number of LFP cells in each row of cells arranged in an array is the same, and the number of NMC cells in each row of cells is the same. Wherein, each row of cells arranged in an array includes at least one LFP cell, or each row of cells includes at least one NMC cell.
图4是本发明一种实施例提供的先并后串组合方式(各并联单元之间以大面相对的方式进行串联)的示意图；4 is a schematic diagram of a parallel-first and then-serial combination method provided by an embodiment of the present invention (parallel units are connected in series in a large-faced opposite manner);
图5是本发明一种实施例提供的先并后串组合方式(各并联单元之间以侧面相对的方式进行串联)的示意图。FIG. 5 is a schematic diagram of a parallel-first and then-serial combination method provided by an embodiment of the present invention (parallel units are connected in series in a side-to-side manner).
参照图4和图5，LFP电芯与NMC电芯以先并后串的矩阵排布。其中，Pi,j为并联单元，下标i，j表示第i排、第j个并联单元，i≥1，j≥1。并联单元Pi,j可以是由纯LFP电芯并联而成，也可以是由纯NMC或NMx等电压单调变化的电芯并联而成。Pi,j中含有的LFP或NMC(NMx)电芯数量大于或等于1。并联单元Pi,j之间有两种连接方式，其中一种如图4所示，并联单元之间大面相对进行串联；另一种如图5所示，并联单元Pi,j之间侧面相对进行串联。因此，LFP电芯和NMC(NMx)电芯可以处于矩阵中任意的位置。Referring to FIG. 4 and FIG. 5 , the LFP cells and the NMC cells are arranged in a matrix in parallel first and then in series. Among them, P i,j is the parallel unit, the subscript i,j represents the i-th row and the j-th parallel unit, i≥1, j≥1. The parallel unit P i,j may be formed by parallel connection of pure LFP cells, or may be formed by parallel connection of pure NMC or NMx cells with monotonically varying voltages. The number of LFP or NMC (NMx) cells contained in P i,j is greater than or equal to 1. There are two connection methods between the parallel units P i, j , one of which is shown in Figure 4, and the parallel units are connected in series; the other is shown in Figure 5, between the parallel units P i, j The sides are connected in series. Therefore, LFP cells and NMC (NMx) cells can be located anywhere in the matrix.
在另一实施例中，上述的NMC电芯可替换为NMx电芯。In another embodiment, the above-mentioned NMC cells can be replaced with NMx cells.
为了使整个电池包中的空间利用率最高，LFP电芯与NMC(或NMx)电芯进行串并联组合时，电芯的尺寸需要从整体上进行匹配。对于先串后并方式，需保证每个串联单元Si整体的尺寸完全相等，即各串联单元Si中LFP电芯的数量相等，各串联单元Si中NMC(或NMx)电芯的数量相等。同时，当LFP电芯与NMC(或NMx)电芯以大面相对进行串联时，大面要完全相等；当LFP电芯与NMC(或NMx)电芯以侧面相对进行串联时，侧面要完全相等。对于先并后串方式，需保证每一排电芯的整体尺寸完全相等，即每一排中LFP电芯的数量相等，每一排中NMC(或NMx)电芯的数量相等。同时，当LFP电芯与NMC(或NMx)电芯以大面相对进行串联时，大面要完全相等。In order to maximize the space utilization in the entire battery pack, when LFP cells and NMC (or NMx) cells are combined in series and parallel, the size of the cells needs to be matched as a whole. For the series-first-parallel method, it is necessary to ensure that the overall size of each series unit Si is exactly the same, that is, the number of LFP cells in each series unit Si is equal, and the number of NMC (or NMx ) cells in each series unit Si is equal. equal. At the same time, when LFP cells and NMC (or NMx) cells are connected in series with large faces facing each other, the large faces should be completely equal; when LFP cells and NMC (or NMx) cells are connected in series with side faces facing each other, the sides should be completely equal. For the parallel-before-series method, it is necessary to ensure that the overall size of each row of cells is exactly the same, that is, the number of LFP cells in each row is equal, and the number of NMC (or NMx) cells in each row is equal. At the same time, when the LFP cell and the NMC (or NMx) cell are connected in series with the large faces facing each other, the large faces should be completely equal.
混合模组中LFP电芯和NMC(或NMx)电芯的数量可以按照比例进行搭配。对于先串后并方式，各个串联单元中LFP电芯的数量相同，各个串联单元中NMC电芯的数量相同，各个串联单元的电压相等。即各串联单元Si中LFP电芯的数量相等且各串联单元Si中NMC(或NMx)电芯的数量相等，并保证各串联单元Si的电压相等。LFP电芯和NMC(或NMx)电芯的具体数量取决于混合模组的设计目的。例如，当混合模组的设计目的是改善LFP模组的能量密度、提升SOC计算精度、改进BMS的管理策略时，每个串联单元Si至少含有一个NMC(或NMx)电芯；当混合模组的设计目的是改善NMC(或NMx)模组的安全性能时，每个串联单元Si中则至少含有一个LFP电芯，用以隔离NMC(或NMx)电芯，抑制热失控的迅速蔓延、扩散。先串后并方式的一种特殊情况是，串联单元S1仅由LFP电芯或NMC(或NMx)电芯组成，串联单元S2仅由NMC(或NMx)电芯或LFP电芯组成，但S1和S2中电芯的数量不同。假设S1由LFP串联而成，S2由NMC(或NMx)串联而成，则S1中LFP的数量与S2中NMC(或NMx)电芯数量要满足以下关系：The number of LFP cells and NMC (or NMx) cells in the hybrid module can be matched in proportion. For the series-first-parallel mode, the number of LFP cells in each series unit is the same, the number of NMC cells in each series unit is the same, and the voltages of each series unit are equal. That is, the number of LFP cells in each series unit Si is equal, and the number of NMC (or NMx ) cells in each series unit Si is equal , and the voltages of each series unit Si are guaranteed to be equal. The specific number of LFP cells and NMC (or NMx) cells depends on the design purpose of the hybrid module. For example, when the design purpose of the hybrid module is to improve the energy density of the LFP module, improve the SOC calculation accuracy, and improve the management strategy of the BMS, each series unit Si contains at least one NMC (or NMx ) cell; When the design purpose of the group is to improve the safety performance of the NMC (or NMx ) module, each series unit Si contains at least one LFP cell to isolate the NMC (or NMx) cell and suppress the rapid spread of thermal runaway ,diffusion. A special case of the series- first -parallel mode is that the series unit S1 consists only of LFP cells or NMC (or NMx) cells, and the series unit S2 consists only of NMC (or NMx ) cells or LFP cells, But the number of cells in S 1 and S 2 is different. Assuming that S1 is composed of LFPs in series, and S2 is composed of NMCs (or NMx ) in series, the number of LFPs in S1 and the number of NMC (or NMx ) cells in S2 must satisfy the following relationship:
或者or
其中，nLFP表示所述第一子单元中的LFP电芯的数量，nNMC表示所述第二子单元中的NMC电芯的数量，nNMx表示所述第二子单元中的NMx电芯的数量。Wherein, n LFP represents the number of LFP cells in the first subunit, n NMC represents the number of NMC cells in the second subunit, and n NMx represents the NMx cells in the second subunit quantity.
对于先并后串方式，各排LFP电芯的数量相等；各排NMC或NMx电芯的数量相等。LFP电芯和NMC或NMx电芯的具体数量取决于混串-并模组的设计目的。例如，当混串-并模组的设计目的为改善LFP模组的能量密度、提升SOC计算精度、改进BMS的管理策略时，每排中至少含有一个NMC或NMx电芯的并联单元Pi,j；当混串-并模组的设计目的为改善NMC或NMx模组的安全性能时，每排结构中则至少含有一个LFP电芯并联单元Pi,j，用以隔离NMC或NMx电芯，抑制热失控的迅速蔓延、扩散For the parallel-before-series mode, the number of LFP cells in each row is equal; the number of NMC or NMx cells in each row is equal. The specific number of LFP cells and NMC or NMx cells depends on the design purpose of the serial-parallel module. For example, when the design purpose of the hybrid serial-parallel module is to improve the energy density of the LFP module, improve the SOC calculation accuracy, and improve the management strategy of the BMS, each row contains at least one parallel unit P i of NMC or NMx cells, j ; When the design purpose of the mixed series-parallel module is to improve the safety performance of the NMC or NMx module, each row of the structure contains at least one LFP cell parallel unit P i,j to isolate the NMC or NMx cells , inhibit the rapid spread and diffusion of thermal runaway
从容量匹配上，混合电池模组的容量满足以下条件：In terms of capacity matching, the capacity of the hybrid battery module meets the following conditions:
在NLFP>NNMC时，
在NLFP≤NNMC时，
其中，NLFP表示所有串联单元的LFP电芯的总数量，NNMC表示所有串单元的NMC电芯的总数量，
从初始SOC匹配上，混合电池模组的初始SoC满足以下条件：From the initial SOC matching, the initial SoC of the hybrid battery module satisfies the following conditions:
或者or
即
其中，
为了实现对通过每个电芯的电流进行人为管控，本发明实施方式在混合电池模组中设置电流控制单元。In order to manually control the current passing through each cell, the embodiment of the present invention provides a current control unit in the hybrid battery module.
图6是本发明一种实施例提供的先串后并组合方式的电流控制单元的设置示意图。参照图6，对于先串后并的组合方式，在每个串联单元中串联电流控制单元。电流控制单元串联到串联基本单元S中，电流控制单元能够控制每个串联电路的电流，实时控制通过每个电芯的电流，实现每个电芯状态的主动控制。FIG. 6 is a schematic diagram of the arrangement of a current control unit in a series-first-parallel combination mode provided by an embodiment of the present invention. Referring to FIG. 6 , for the combination of series-first-parallel, a current control unit is connected in series in each series-connected unit. The current control unit is connected in series to the series basic unit S, and the current control unit can control the current of each series circuit, control the current passing through each cell in real time, and realize the active control of the state of each cell.
图7是本发明一种实施例提供的先并后串组合方式的电流控制单元的设置示意图。参照图7，对于先并后串的组合方式，在每个并联单元中串联电流控制单元。电流控制单元串联到基本并联单元P中，电流控制单元可以控制每一个并联电路的电流，从而有效调控并联电芯的老化速率、温度分布等，提升模组的一致性。FIG. 7 is a schematic diagram illustrating the arrangement of a current control unit in a parallel-before-series combination provided by an embodiment of the present invention. Referring to FIG. 7 , for the combination of parallel first and then series, the current control unit is connected in series in each parallel unit. The current control unit is connected in series to the basic parallel unit P, and the current control unit can control the current of each parallel circuit, thereby effectively regulating the aging rate and temperature distribution of the parallel cells, and improving the consistency of the module.
本发明实施方式通过将LFP电芯与NMC(或NMx)电芯串并联，修饰LFP模组的电压曲线，从而更准确地计算电池模组的SOC、SOH，便于电池管理系统的管理；通过将LFP电芯与NMC(或NMx)电芯串并联，提升电池模组整体的能量密度，提升电池模组的低温性能。由于LFP电芯不易起火爆炸，将LFP电芯与NMC(或NMx)电芯串并联，可以有效阻隔NMC(或NMx)电芯热失控后的热蔓延，提升整个模组的安全性能，同时降低了热管理设计的难度。并且，LFP电芯的成本低于NMC电芯，混合模组的单位瓦时成本低于由纯NMC模组的单位瓦时成本。The embodiment of the present invention modifies the voltage curve of the LFP module by connecting the LFP cell and the NMC (or NMx) cell in series and parallel, so as to more accurately calculate the SOC and SOH of the battery module, which is convenient for the management of the battery management system; LFP cells and NMC (or NMx) cells are connected in series and parallel to improve the overall energy density of the battery module and the low temperature performance of the battery module. Since the LFP cells are not easy to catch fire and explode, connecting the LFP cells in series and parallel with the NMC (or NMx) cells can effectively block the thermal spread of the NMC (or NMx) cells after thermal runaway, improve the safety performance of the entire module, and reduce the Difficulty in thermal management design. Moreover, the cost of LFP cells is lower than that of NMC cells, and the cost per watt-hour of hybrid modules is lower than that of pure NMC modules.
本发明实施方式还提供一种混合电池模组，所述混合电池模组采用上述的混合电池模组的电芯组合方法制作而成。An embodiment of the present invention further provides a hybrid battery module, which is fabricated by using the above-mentioned method for combining cells of a hybrid battery module.
本发明实施方式还提供一种电池包，所述电池包包括上述的混合电池模组。An embodiment of the present invention also provides a battery pack, wherein the battery pack includes the above-mentioned hybrid battery module.
以上结合附图详细描述了本发明的可选实施方式，但是，本发明实施方式并不限于上述实施方式中的具体细节，在本发明实施方式的技术构思范围内，可以对本发明实施方式的技术方案进行多种简单变型，这些简单变型均属于本发明实施方式的保护范围。另外需要说明的是，在上述具体实施方式中所描述的各个具体技术特征，在不矛盾的情况下，可以通过任何合适的方式进行组合。为了避免不必要的重复，本发明实施方式对各种可能的组合方式不再另行说明。The optional embodiments of the present invention have been described in detail above with reference to the accompanying drawings. However, the embodiments of the present invention are not limited to the specific details of the above-mentioned embodiments. Within the scope of the technical concept of the embodiments of the present invention, the technical The scheme undergoes various simple modifications, and these simple modifications all belong to the protection scope of the embodiments of the present invention. In addition, it should be noted that each specific technical feature described in the above-mentioned specific implementation manner may be combined in any suitable manner under the circumstance that there is no contradiction. In order to avoid unnecessary repetition, various possible combinations are not described in the embodiments of the present invention.
此外，本发明的各种不同的实施方式之间也可以进行任意组合，只要其不违背本发明实施方式的思想，其同样应当视为本发明实施方式所公开的内容。In addition, various different embodiments of the present invention can also be combined arbitrarily, as long as they do not violate the idea of the embodiments of the present invention, they should also be regarded as the contents disclosed by the embodiments of the present invention.
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| CN116093526A (en) * | 2023-02-01 | 2023-05-09 | 中国重汽集团济南动力有限公司 | Hybrid battery pack, running device and electric automobile |
| WO2023130215A1 (en) * | 2022-01-04 | 2023-07-13 | 宁德时代新能源科技股份有限公司 | Hybrid series-connected battery module, battery pack and electrical apparatus |
| DE102023120991A1 (en) * | 2023-04-11 | 2024-10-17 | GM Global Technology Operations LLC | DESIGN FOR MIXED MODULE FOR TUNEABLE FUNCTIONS |
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