CN103182513B - Device for preparing metal powder by inert gas shielded plasmas - Google Patents
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- CN103182513B CN103182513B CN201310110749.7A CN201310110749A CN103182513B CN 103182513 B CN103182513 B CN 103182513B CN 201310110749 A CN201310110749 A CN 201310110749A CN 103182513 B CN103182513 B CN 103182513B
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- 229910052751 metal Inorganic materials 0.000 title claims abstract description 44
- 239000002184 metal Substances 0.000 title claims abstract description 44
- 239000000843 powder Substances 0.000 title claims abstract description 32
- 239000011261 inert gas Substances 0.000 title claims abstract description 25
- 210000002381 plasma Anatomy 0.000 title abstract 4
- 238000001816 cooling Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 36
- 239000007789 gas Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 19
- 238000006243 chemical reaction Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 16
- 230000000694 effects Effects 0.000 claims abstract description 10
- 238000002844 melting Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 9
- 230000008018 melting Effects 0.000 claims abstract description 7
- 239000000428 dust Substances 0.000 claims description 10
- 238000005859 coupling reaction Methods 0.000 claims description 3
- 239000008187 granular material Substances 0.000 claims description 3
- 239000013528 metallic particle Substances 0.000 claims description 3
- 239000006185 dispersion Substances 0.000 claims description 2
- 230000035939 shock Effects 0.000 claims description 2
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 abstract description 16
- 239000000956 alloy Substances 0.000 abstract description 10
- 229910045601 alloy Inorganic materials 0.000 abstract description 9
- 238000004519 manufacturing process Methods 0.000 abstract description 7
- 239000007788 liquid Substances 0.000 abstract description 5
- 238000002360 preparation method Methods 0.000 abstract description 5
- 239000002245 particle Substances 0.000 abstract description 4
- 239000013078 crystal Substances 0.000 abstract description 2
- 230000006866 deterioration Effects 0.000 abstract description 2
- 238000005265 energy consumption Methods 0.000 abstract description 2
- 238000009776 industrial production Methods 0.000 abstract description 2
- 150000002739 metals Chemical class 0.000 abstract description 2
- 239000000126 substance Substances 0.000 abstract description 2
- 238000003723 Smelting Methods 0.000 abstract 1
- 238000005272 metallurgy Methods 0.000 abstract 1
- 230000001590 oxidative effect Effects 0.000 abstract 1
- 238000003860 storage Methods 0.000 abstract 1
- 238000000889 atomisation Methods 0.000 description 10
- XKRFYHLGVUSROY-UHFFFAOYSA-N Argon Chemical compound [Ar] XKRFYHLGVUSROY-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 6
- 239000000446 fuel Substances 0.000 description 4
- 229920001817 Agar Polymers 0.000 description 3
- 239000008272 agar Substances 0.000 description 3
- 229910052786 argon Inorganic materials 0.000 description 3
- 238000009690 centrifugal atomisation Methods 0.000 description 3
- 238000009792 diffusion process Methods 0.000 description 3
- 238000010438 heat treatment Methods 0.000 description 3
- 229910000831 Steel Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- 238000005516 engineering process Methods 0.000 description 2
- 238000000605 extraction Methods 0.000 description 2
- 229910052734 helium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- 239000001307 helium Substances 0.000 description 2
- SWQJXJOGLNCZEY-UHFFFAOYSA-N helium atom Chemical compound [He] SWQJXJOGLNCZEY-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 239000000155 melt Substances 0.000 description 2
- 239000007921 spray Substances 0.000 description 2
- 239000010959 steel Substances 0.000 description 2
- 239000002699 waste material Substances 0.000 description 2
- HCHKCACWOHOZIP-UHFFFAOYSA-N Zinc Chemical compound [Zn] HCHKCACWOHOZIP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 239000004411 aluminium Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910052782 aluminium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- XAGFODPZIPBFFR-UHFFFAOYSA-N aluminium Chemical compound [Al] XAGFODPZIPBFFR-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 230000015572 biosynthetic process Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000005266 casting Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000012809 cooling fluid Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000000498 cooling water Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000007423 decrease Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000007812 deficiency Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000008021 deposition Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000009826 distribution Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000010891 electric arc Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000010894 electron beam technology Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000003628 erosive effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000001125 extrusion Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000012840 feeding operation Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000011049 filling Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000013467 fragmentation Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000006062 fragmentation reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000006698 induction Effects 0.000 description 1
- 229910052743 krypton Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- DNNSSWSSYDEUBZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N krypton atom Chemical compound [Kr] DNNSSWSSYDEUBZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 238000011031 large-scale manufacturing process Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000011133 lead Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000012423 maintenance Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000003647 oxidation Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000007254 oxidation reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000010970 precious metal Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000007712 rapid solidification Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000002994 raw material Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000003870 refractory metal Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000009987 spinning Methods 0.000 description 1
- WFKWXMTUELFFGS-UHFFFAOYSA-N tungsten Chemical compound [W] WFKWXMTUELFFGS-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 229910052721 tungsten Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000010937 tungsten Substances 0.000 description 1
- XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N water Substances O XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 229910052724 xenon Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- FHNFHKCVQCLJFQ-UHFFFAOYSA-N xenon atom Chemical compound [Xe] FHNFHKCVQCLJFQ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 239000011701 zinc Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910052725 zinc Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
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- Manufacture Of Metal Powder And Suspensions Thereof (AREA)
Abstract
The invention relates to the technical field of metallurgy and in particular relates to a device for preparing metal powder by inert gas shielded plasmas. The technical scheme is as follows: a plasma generator is connected with a reaction control chamber, wherein a charging ejector is communicated above the reaction control chamber; a cooling collecting chamber is communicated below the reaction control chamber; the charging ejector, the reaction control chamber and the cooling collecting chamber are connected with an inert gas storage bottle, respectively; and a gas escape tube is further arranged on the cooling collecting chamber. The device for preparing metal powder by inert gas shielded plasmas can be used for preparing various metallic simple substances with a melting point of 300 DEG C to 15000 DEG C, alloy crystals, amorphous particles and powder, so that the preparation is free of purity and oxidative deterioration influences needed by the smelting points and the activities of the target metals, controllable in a large-scale manner and capable of realizing the laboratory production and large-scale industrial production. Moreover, the device is low in energy consumption, simple in process, and capable of repeatedly utilizing the inert gases and centrifugal axle cooling liquids in the gas chamber without pollution.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to metallurgical technology field, be specifically related to the device that inert gas shielding plasma prepares metal dust.
Background technology
Current preparation purity metal dust that is high, homogeneous grain diameter mainly contains centrifugal atomization and mechanical atomisation two kinds, specific as follows:
1. centrifugal atomization
Centrifugal atomization is the disk or cup that molten metal bath is poured into rotation from crucible or casting ladle, or directly melts one end of rotating metallic bar, and under the effect of rotary centrifugal force, molten metal is fractured into droplet, is frozen into metal dust subsequently.
1.1 rotating electrode atomized methods (REP)
The circular fuel rod of sacrificial electrode is along its long axis direction High Rotation Speed, and end stretches into spray chamber, by the arc-melting of tungsten electrode.Owing to rotating, molten metal bath stream diverges to droplet in tangential direction, and the technological parameter of this technique is wayward, and therefore produced powder size distribution is difficult to meet pre-provisioning request.
1.2 fast setting rate methods (RSR)
Fast setting rate method is also referred to as spinning disk atomization method, its technological principle is: molten metal bath bottom filling crucible is poured in the spill disk atomizer of rotation, disc rotation speed reaches 35000 revs/min, under centrifugal action, molten metal tangentially ejects formation droplet, be subject to the forced convertion cooling of high speed helium flow, drop rapid solidification powdered.Gained powder is spherical, the distortion of the erosion that the problem that fast setting rate method easily causes has crucible to let slip a remark and rotating circular disk, and especially when producing high temperature or reactive alloys powder, problem is more outstanding.
1.3 rotate agar diffusion method with holes (RPC)
Rotating agar diffusion method with holes is that molten metal bath is poured in atwirl steel bowl, the wall of cup of steel bowl is drilled with many apertures, under centrifugal action, molten metal is extruded from aperture, cooling of flying in atmosphere, form needle powder particle, powder particle due to size relatively large, flying speed is low, and therefore cooling velocity is less, rotate agar diffusion method with holes and be only applied to low-melting-point metal, as aluminium, lead, zinc etc.
1.4 liquation extraction methods
Liquation extraction method is after metal or alloy melts in electrical heating groove, by lifting device, liquid level is contacted with the swiveling wheel wheel rim on top is stable, wheel rim there are many breach, the liquation adhering to wheel rim stops and is centrifuged power after certain hour and throws away, cooled and solidified into strips, thread or fibrous powder.There is not the problem of spray nozzle clogging in this technique; and can be used for production active metal powder; this class methods shortcoming be must in advance heating raw materials to molten condition; waste time and energy; energy resource consumption is huge with pollution; or the metal dust of preparation not rule is pure with maintenance, is all unfavorable for scale and high activity metal powder production.
2. mechanical atomisation
Mechanical atomisation is, with pure mechanical means, molten metal is broken into droplet, is then rapidly solidificated into metal dust.
2.1 pairs of roller atomizations
Two roller atomization is the alloy melting made with high-frequency heating in crucible, argon gas is passed into after predetermined temperature to be achieved, under argon pressure, molten alloy liquid is ejected in two roller gaps of high-speed reverse rotation through leting slip a remark, liquation is by forming dull and stereotyped liquid stream during roll gap, be atomized into drop subsequently, enter rapid cooling molten bath and be frozen into powder, and be still in the experimental study stage for powder by atomization.
2.2 vibrating electrode atomizations
Vibrating electrode atomization is in vacuum or inert gas shielding room; one end freely fuel rod electrode is constantly moved to another fixing water cooled electrode; the free end of fuel rod is by arc-melting; molten metal liquid is due to the vibration generation drop of electrode, and the vibration of fuel rod electrode is produced by a resonator.Because droplet flight speed is slow, spherical powder can be obtained, but cooling velocity is very little.This atomization method can be used for production high-purity or high activity metal powder, but is not used widely, and does not also possess the potentiality of carrying out industrial mass production.
2.3Duwez marksmanship
Less alloy material (being often less than 500mg) induction melting in crucible, by the gases at high pressure effect of 2-3Mpa or higher, vibrating diaphragm in vibrating tube destroys, produce vibration ripple, make molten metal bath fragmentation be atomized into drop, the speed of drop can reach hundreds of meter per second, after clashing into stationary base, be cooled to very thin flakelike powder, flake thickness is uneven, and Duwez marksmanship technique can obtain very high cooling velocity.This method can be applicable to many metals and alloy system, but is only limitted to laboratory research, is unfavorable for carrying out large-scale production.
2.4 hammer anvil methods
Hammer anvil method is that metal charge is placed on the horizontal plane of anvil block, after melting, is directly pounded on anvil block by weight with electric arc, beam-plasma or electron beam, thus obtains round sheet powder.Similar to hammer anvil method principle also has piston anvil block technique and double-piston technique, and they are respectively between the piston and anvil block of motion, and extrusion metal drop between the piston of two move toward one another, thus obtain flakelike powder.For product in laboratory leafy powder sample, be also applicable to various metal and alloy powder, but should not be used to production high-purity or high activity metal powder.
Summary of the invention
The present invention mainly in prior art exist waste time and energy, energy resource consumption and pollution is huge, preparation metal dust not rule and keep pure and the deficiency such as refractory metal and high activity metal powder production can not be used for, one is provided to be applicable to precious metal, alloy, active metal and need the Preparation equipment keeping highly purified metal dust.
Its technical scheme is: comprise plasma generator, reaction controlling room, feed injector, cooling collecting chamber and inert gas gas bomb; Wherein plasma generator coupled reaction control room, be communicated with feed injector, below connection cooling collecting chamber above reaction controlling room, described feed injector, reaction controlling room, cooling collecting chamber are connected with inert gas gas bomb respectively by escape pipe, valve; Described cooling collecting chamber is provided with gas escape pipe, and its outlet is connected with inert gas gas bomb and feed injector respectively by filter, air pump, valve; Described cooling collecting chamber inside is provided with centrifugal shaft, wall is provided with chuck, and described centrifugal shaft is connected with cooling recirculation system respectively with chuck.
Described centrifugal shaft rotating speed is adjustable, and described valve is air-operated solenoid valve.
The present invention is under the protection of high-pressure inert gas (argon, krypton, xenon, helium etc.); utilize plasma generator to produce and add generation high-temperature plasma; in the air chamber being full of inert gas, melting needs the metal preparing powder; form high temperature and high speed molten metal drip; be ejected into a controllable rotating and have on the centrifugal shaft of cooling system; the effect reaching shock, dispersion and cool rapidly; form pure metallic particles or powder, the granule size of powder and type can be realized by the rotating speed of the temperature and centrifugal shaft that control plasma generator.
The present invention can prepare various metal simple-substances, alloy crystal, amorphous particles and the powder of fusing point 300-15000 DEG C, no longer be subject to the impact of the fusing point of metal target, activity, required purity, oxidation deterioration, and scale is controlled, laboratory and large-scale industrial production can be realized, and apparatus of the present invention energy consumption is low, technique is simple, and the inert gas in air chamber and centrifugal shaft cooling fluid can reuse pollution-free.
Accompanying drawing explanation
Fig. 1 is structural representation of the present invention.
Detailed description of the invention
Below in conjunction with specific embodiment, the present invention is described further.
With reference to Fig. 1, plasma generator 2 coupled reaction control room 3, be communicated with feed injector 5, below connection cooling collecting chamber 4 above reaction controlling room 3, described feed injector 5, reaction controlling room 3, cooling collecting chamber 4 are connected with inert gas gas bomb 6 respectively by escape pipe 8 and electromagnetic valve 12-2,12-4,12-5; Cooling collecting chamber 4 is provided with gas escape pipe 9, and its outlet is connected with inert gas gas bomb 6 and feed injector 5 respectively by filter 13, air-operated solenoid valve 12-6,12-1,12-2 and air pump 11; Cooling collecting chamber 4 inside is provided with the adjustable centrifugal shaft of rotating speed 10, wall is provided with chuck, and centrifugal shaft 10 is connected with cooling water recirculation system 7 respectively by air-operated solenoid valve 12-7,12-8,12-9,12-10 with chuck.
During use, switch on power 1, start plasma generator 2, open air-operated solenoid valve 12-4,12-5, regulate the gas pressure in reaction controlling room 3 and cooling collecting chamber 4, make the indoor generation high-temperature plasma of reaction controlling, open air-operated solenoid valve 12-7,12-8,12-9,12-10, connect the cooling recirculation system in cooling collecting chamber 4, namely reduce the temperature of centrifugal shaft 10 and chuck, the temperature in cooling collector 4 space also decreases simultaneously, now open air-operated solenoid valve 12-2, adjustment inert gas pressure is greater than the pressure in reaction controlling room 3, metal charge high velocity jet in injector is entered reaction controlling room 3, and melting wherein, form high temperature and high speed molten metal drip, then be ejected on High Rotation Speed centrifugal shaft 10, once disperse and cool, through the molten drop that centrifugal shaft 10 clashes into and disperses, move in cooling collecting chamber 4 and cool collecting chamber 4 contact internal walls, carry out twice dispersing and cooling, thus form pure metallic particles or the powder deposition bottom at cooling collecting chamber 4, the granule size of powder and type can be realized by the rotating speed of the temperature and centrifugal shaft that control plasma generator.The air-operated solenoid valve 12-6 on gas escape pipe 9 is opened after end-of-job, inert gas is reclaimed to gas bomb 6 by air-operated solenoid valve 12-3 after inert gas is filtered by filter 13, air pump 11 pressurizes, directly feed injector 5 can be introduced, for next feeding operation by air-operated solenoid valve 12-1 after part gas pressurized.When both collecting metal dust after the pressure release of cooling collecting chamber 4.
Claims (1)
1. inert gas shielding plasma prepares a device for metal dust, it is characterized in that, comprises plasma generator, reaction controlling room, feed injector, cooling collecting chamber and inert gas gas bomb; Wherein plasma generator coupled reaction control room, be communicated with feed injector, below connection cooling collecting chamber above reaction controlling room, described feed injector, reaction controlling room, cooling collecting chamber are connected with inert gas gas bomb respectively by escape pipe, valve; Described cooling collecting chamber is provided with gas escape pipe, and its outlet is connected with inert gas gas bomb and feed injector respectively by filter, air pump, valve; Described cooling collecting chamber inside is provided with centrifugal shaft, wall is provided with chuck, and described centrifugal shaft is connected with cooling recirculation system respectively with chuck; Described centrifugal shaft rotating speed is adjustable, and described valve is air-operated solenoid valve;
When described device uses; under the protection of high-pressure inert gas; plasma generator is utilized to produce high-temperature plasma; in the air chamber being full of inert gas, melting needs the metal preparing powder; form high temperature and high speed molten metal drip; be ejected into controllable rotating and have on the described centrifugal shaft of cooling system; the effect reaching shock, dispersion and cool rapidly; form pure metallic particles or powder, the granule size of powder and type are realized by the rotating speed of the temperature and centrifugal shaft that control plasma generator.
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| CN201310110749.7A CN103182513B (en) | 2013-04-01 | 2013-04-01 | Device for preparing metal powder by inert gas shielded plasmas |
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| CN201310110749.7A CN103182513B (en) | 2013-04-01 | 2013-04-01 | Device for preparing metal powder by inert gas shielded plasmas |
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| CN103182513A CN103182513A (en) | 2013-07-03 |
| CN103182513B true CN103182513B (en) | 2015-06-03 |
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Families Citing this family (5)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
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| CN104722764B (en) * | 2015-03-11 | 2017-01-25 | 江永斌 | Cyclically-cooled metal powder evaporation preparation device |
| CN105081321B (en) * | 2015-08-24 | 2017-04-12 | 大连交通大学 | Cooling system for amorphous metal member formed in laser 3D printed manner and cooling method of cooling system |
| CN105618774A (en) * | 2016-04-11 | 2016-06-01 | 西安欧中材料科技有限公司 | Plasma rotating electrode pulverizing cooling system |
| CN107377911A (en) * | 2017-08-05 | 2017-11-24 | 芜湖君华材料有限公司 | A kind of closed amorphous band fast quenching protection gas cyclic utilization system |
| CN107671302A (en) * | 2017-10-31 | 2018-02-09 | 广州番禺职业技术学院 | A kind of shotting shunting collector and method |
Citations (4)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN1130114A (en) * | 1995-09-07 | 1996-09-04 | 上海申建冶金机电技术工程公司 | Method for preparing quickly solidifing hydrogen-stored alloy powder material |
| RU2238174C1 (en) * | 2003-09-30 | 2004-10-20 | Военная академия Ракетных войск стратегического назначения им. Петра Великого | Method for producing ultrafinely divided powder and apparatus for performing the same |
| WO2005019485A1 (en) * | 2003-08-22 | 2005-03-03 | International Titanium Powder, Llc. | Indexing separation system |
| CN102166654A (en) * | 2010-12-30 | 2011-08-31 | 东莞市高能磁电技术有限公司 | Preparation method for highly-efficient nickel-graphite powder and special device |
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2013
- 2013-04-01 CN CN201310110749.7A patent/CN103182513B/en active Active
Patent Citations (4)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN1130114A (en) * | 1995-09-07 | 1996-09-04 | 上海申建冶金机电技术工程公司 | Method for preparing quickly solidifing hydrogen-stored alloy powder material |
| WO2005019485A1 (en) * | 2003-08-22 | 2005-03-03 | International Titanium Powder, Llc. | Indexing separation system |
| RU2238174C1 (en) * | 2003-09-30 | 2004-10-20 | Военная академия Ракетных войск стратегического назначения им. Петра Великого | Method for producing ultrafinely divided powder and apparatus for performing the same |
| CN102166654A (en) * | 2010-12-30 | 2011-08-31 | 东莞市高能磁电技术有限公司 | Preparation method for highly-efficient nickel-graphite powder and special device |
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