CN103182513A - Device for preparing metal powder by inert gas shielded plasmas - Google Patents
Device for preparing metal powder by inert gas shielded plasmas Download PDFInfo
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- CN103182513A CN103182513A CN2013101107497A CN201310110749A CN103182513A CN 103182513 A CN103182513 A CN 103182513A CN 2013101107497 A CN2013101107497 A CN 2013101107497A CN 201310110749 A CN201310110749 A CN 201310110749A CN 103182513 A CN103182513 A CN 103182513A
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Abstract
The invention relates to the technical field of metallurgy and in particular relates to a device for preparing metal powder by inert gas shielded plasmas. The technical scheme is as follows: a plasma generator is connected with a reaction control chamber, wherein a charging ejector is communicated above the reaction control chamber; a cooling collecting chamber is communicated below the reaction control chamber; the charging ejector, the reaction control chamber and the cooling collecting chamber are connected with an inert gas storage bottle, respectively; and a gas escape tube is further arranged on the cooling collecting chamber. The device for preparing metal powder by inert gas shielded plasmas can be used for preparing various metallic simple substances with a melting point of 300 DEG C to 15000 DEG C, alloy crystals, amorphous particles and powder, so that the preparation is free of purity and oxidative deterioration influences needed by the smelting points and the activities of the target metals, controllable in a large-scale manner and capable of realizing the laboratory production and large-scale industrial production. Moreover, the device is low in energy consumption, simple in process, and capable of repeatedly utilizing the inert gases and centrifugal axle cooling liquids in the gas chamber without pollution.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to metallurgical technology field, be specifically related to the device that the inert gas shielding plasma prepares metal dust.
Background technology
At present the metal dust of preparation purity height, homogeneous grain diameter mainly contains two kinds of centrifugal atomizing method and mechanical atomization methods, and is specific as follows:
1. centrifugal atomizing method
The centrifugal atomizing method is that molten metal bath is poured into the disk or cup of rotation from crucible or casting ladle, perhaps directly melts an end of rotating metallic bar, and molten metal is fractured into droplet under the effect of rotary centrifugal force, is frozen into metal dust subsequently.
1.1 rotation electrode atomization (REP)
The circular fuel rod of sacrificial electrode rotates at a high speed along its long axis direction, and end stretches into spray chamber, by the arc-melting of tungsten electrode.Because rotation, molten metal bath stream diverges to droplet in tangential direction, and the technological parameter of this technology is wayward, and therefore the powder size of producing distributes and is difficult to meet pre-provisioning request.
1.2 fast setting rate method (RSR)
Fast setting rate method is also referred to as the rotating disc atomization, its technological principle is: molten metal bath is poured in the spill disk atomizer of rotation with the bottom filling crucible, disc rotation speed reaches 35000 rev/mins, under centrifugal action, molten metal tangentially ejects the formation droplet, be subjected to the forced convertion cooling of high speed helium flow, drop rapid solidification powdered.The gained powder is spherical, and the problem that fast setting rate method causes easily has erosion that crucible lets slip a remark and the distortion of rotating circular disk, and especially problem is more outstanding when producing high temperature or reactive alloys powder.
1.3 rotate agar diffusion method with holes (RPC)
Rotating agar diffusion method with holes is that molten metal bath is poured in the atwirl steel bowl, wall of cup at steel bowl is drilled with many apertures, under centrifugal action, molten metal is extruded from aperture, flight cooling in air, form the needle powder particle, powder particle is because size is relatively large, and flying speed is low, so cooling velocity is less, rotate agar diffusion method with holes and only be applied to low-melting-point metal, as aluminium, lead, zinc etc.
1.4 liquation extraction method
The liquation extraction method is after metal or alloy melts in electrical heating groove, by lifting device liquid level is contacted with the swiveling wheel wheel rim on top is stable, many breach are arranged on the wheel rim, thrown away by centrifugal force after the liquation that adheres to wheel rim stops certain hour, cooled and solidified into strips, thread or fibrous powder.There is not the problem of spray nozzle clogging in this technology; and can be used for the production active metal powder; this class methods shortcoming is to be heated to molten condition to raw material in advance; waste time and energy; energy resource consumption and pollution are huge; perhaps rule is pure with maintenance inadequately for Zhi Bei metal dust, all is unfavorable for scale and high activity metal powder production.
2. mechanical atomization method
The mechanical atomization method is with pure mechanical means molten metal to be broken into droplet, is rapidly solidificated into metal dust then.
2.1 two roller atomizations
Two roller atomizations are to make alloy melting in the crucible with high-frequency heating, feed argon gas after waiting to reach predetermined temperature, under argon pressure, molten alloy liquid is ejected into through leting slip a remark in two roller gaps of high-speed reverse rotation, liquation forms dull and stereotyped liquid stream during by roll gap, be atomized into drop subsequently, enter fast sloppy heat pond and be frozen into powder, still be in the experimental study stage and be used for powder by atomization.
2.2 vibrating electrode atomization
The vibrating electrode atomization is in vacuum or inert gas shielding chamber; one end fuel rod electrode freely constantly moves to another fixing water cooled electrode; the free end of fuel rod is by arc-melting; molten metal liquid is because the vibration of electrode produces drop, and the vibration of fuel rod electrode is produced by a resonator.Because the drop flying speed is slow, can obtain spherical powder, but cooling velocity is very little.This atomization method can be used for production high-purity or high activity metal powder, but is not used widely, and does not also possess the potentiality of carrying out industrial mass production.
2.3Duwez marksmanship
Less alloy material (often less than 500mg) induction melting in crucible, by 2-3Mpa or higher gases at high pressure effect, vibrating diaphragm in the vibrating tube destroys, produce the vibration ripple, make the molten metal bath fragmentation be atomized into drop, the speed of drop can reach the hundreds of meter per second, after clashing into static matrix, be cooled to very thin flakelike powder, flake thickness is inhomogeneous, and Duwez marksmanship technology can obtain very high cooling velocity.This method can be applicable to many metals and alloy system, but only limits to laboratory research, is unfavorable for carrying out large-scale production.
2.4 hammer anvil method
The hammer anvil method is that metal charge is placed on the horizontal plane of anvil block, after melting with electric arc, beam-plasma or electron beam, weight directly pounded on anvil block, thereby obtained the round sheet powder.In addition piston anvil block technology and the double-piston technology similar to hammer anvil method principle, they are respectively between the piston and anvil block of motion, and extrusion metal drop between the piston of two move toward one another, thereby obtain flakelike powder.Be used for the laboratory and produce the leafy powder sample, also be applicable to various metals and alloy powder, but should not be used to production high-purity or high activity metal powder.
Summary of the invention
The present invention mainly be waste time and energy at existing in the prior art, energy resource consumption and pollution is huge, the metal dust of preparation rule and keep pure and can not be used for deficiencies such as refractory metal and high activity metal powder production inadequately, provide a kind of applicable to precious metal, alloy, reactive metal and the preparation equipment that needs to keep highly purified metal dust.
Its technical scheme is: comprise plasma generator, reaction control room, feed injector, cooling collecting chamber and inert gas gas bomb; Plasma generator coupled reaction control room wherein, top, reaction control room is communicated with feed injector, the below is communicated with the cooling collecting chamber, and described feed injector, reaction control room, cooling collecting chamber are connected with the inert gas gas bomb by escape pipe, valve respectively; Described cooling collecting chamber is provided with the gas escape pipe, and its outlet is connected with feed injector with the inert gas gas bomb respectively by filter, air pump, valve; Described cooling collecting chamber inside is provided with centrifugal shaft, wall is provided with chuck, and described centrifugal shaft is connected with cooling recirculation system respectively with chuck.
Described centrifugal shaft rotating speed is adjustable, and described valve is air-operated solenoid valve.
The present invention is under the protection of high-pressure inert gas (argon, krypton, xenon, helium etc.); utilize plasma generator to produce and add the generation high-temperature plasma; fusion need prepare the metal of powder in being full of the air chamber of inert gas; form high temperature and high speed molten metal drip; be ejected into a controlled rotation and have on the centrifugal shaft of cooling system; the effect of reach bump, disperseing and cooling off rapidly; form pure metallic particles or powder, the granule size of powder and type can realize by the temperature of control plasma generator and the rotating speed of centrifugal shaft.
The present invention can prepare fusing point 300-15000 ℃ various metal simple-substances, alloy crystal, noncrystal particle and powder, no longer be subjected to the influence of fusing point, the activity of metal target, required purity, oxidation deterioration, and scale is controlled, can realize laboratory and large-scale industrial production, and apparatus of the present invention energy consumption is low, technology is simple, and inert gas and centrifugal shaft cooling fluid in the air chamber can reuse pollution-free.
Description of drawings
Fig. 1 is structural representation of the present invention.
The specific embodiment
Below in conjunction with specific embodiment the present invention is further described.
With reference to Fig. 1, plasma generator 2 coupled reaction control rooms 3, reaction 3 tops, control room connection feed injector 5, below are communicated with cooling collecting chamber 4, and described feed injector 5, reaction control room 3, cooling collecting chamber 4 pass through escape pipe 8 and electromagnetic valve 12-2,12-4 respectively, 12-5 is connected with inert gas gas bomb 6; Cooling collecting chamber 4 is provided with gas escape pipe 9, and its outlet is connected with feed injector 5 with inert gas gas bomb 6 respectively by filter 13, air-operated solenoid valve 12-6,12-1,12-2 and air pump 11; Cooling collecting chamber 4 inside are provided with the adjustable centrifugal shaft of rotating speed 10, wall is provided with chuck, and centrifugal shaft 10 is connected with cooling water recirculation system 7 by air-operated solenoid valve 12-7,12-8,12-9,12-10 respectively with chuck.
During use, connect power supply 1, start plasma generator 2, open air-operated solenoid valve 12-4,12-5, the gas pressure in conditioned reaction control room 3 and the cooling collecting chamber 4 makes in the reaction control room and produces high-temperature plasma; Open air-operated solenoid valve 12-7,12-8,12-9,12-10 simultaneously, connect the cooling recirculation system in the cooling collecting chamber 4, namely reduce the temperature of centrifugal shaft 10 and chuck, the temperature in cooling collector 4 spaces also decreases; Open air-operated solenoid valve 12-2 this moment; regulate inert gas pressure greater than the pressure in the reaction control room 3; metal charge high velocity jet in the injector is entered reaction control room 3; and fusion therein; form high temperature and high speed molten metal drip; be ejected into then on the high speed rotating centrifugal axle 10; once disperse and cool off; molten drop through centrifugal shaft 10 bumps and dispersion; move in the collecting chamber 4 and cool off collecting chamber 4 inwalls and contact in cooling; carry out secondary dispersion and cooling; thereby form pure metallic particles or powder deposition in the bottom of cooling collecting chamber 4, the granule size of powder and type can realize by the temperature of control plasma generator and the rotating speed of centrifugal shaft.Open the air-operated solenoid valve 12-6 on the gas escape pipe 9 behind the end-of-job, inert gas reclaims inert gas to gas bomb 6 by filter 13 filtrations, air pump 11 pressurization backs by air-operated solenoid valve 12-3, can directly introduce feed injector 5 by air-operated solenoid valve 12-1 after the part gas pressurized, be used for reinforced operation next time.After 4 pressure releases of cooling collecting chamber, both can collect metal dust.
Claims (2)
1. an inert gas shielding plasma prepares the device of metal dust, it is characterized in that, comprises plasma generator, reaction control room, feed injector, cooling collecting chamber and inert gas gas bomb; Plasma generator coupled reaction control room wherein, top, reaction control room is communicated with feed injector, the below is communicated with the cooling collecting chamber, and described feed injector, reaction control room, cooling collecting chamber are connected with the inert gas gas bomb by escape pipe, valve respectively; Described cooling collecting chamber is provided with the gas escape pipe, and its outlet is connected with feed injector with the inert gas gas bomb respectively by filter, air pump, valve; Described cooling collecting chamber inside is provided with centrifugal shaft, wall is provided with chuck, and described centrifugal shaft is connected with cooling recirculation system respectively with chuck.
2. inert gas shielding plasma according to claim 1 prepares the device of metal dust, it is characterized in that, described centrifugal shaft rotating speed is adjustable, and described valve is air-operated solenoid valve.
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| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
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| CN201310110749.7A CN103182513B (en) | 2013-04-01 | 2013-04-01 | Device for preparing metal powder by inert gas shielded plasmas |
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| CN201310110749.7A CN103182513B (en) | 2013-04-01 | 2013-04-01 | Device for preparing metal powder by inert gas shielded plasmas |
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Cited By (5)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN104722764A (en) * | 2015-03-11 | 2015-06-24 | 江永斌 | Cyclically-cooled metal powder evaporation preparation device |
| CN105081321A (en) * | 2015-08-24 | 2015-11-25 | 大连交通大学 | Cooling system for amorphous metal member formed in laser 3D printed manner and cooling method of cooling system |
| CN105618774A (en) * | 2016-04-11 | 2016-06-01 | 西安欧中材料科技有限公司 | Plasma rotating electrode pulverizing cooling system |
| CN107377911A (en) * | 2017-08-05 | 2017-11-24 | 芜湖君华材料有限公司 | A kind of closed amorphous band fast quenching protection gas cyclic utilization system |
| CN107671302A (en) * | 2017-10-31 | 2018-02-09 | 广州番禺职业技术学院 | A kind of shotting shunting collector and method |
Citations (4)
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| CN1130114A (en) * | 1995-09-07 | 1996-09-04 | 上海申建冶金机电技术工程公司 | Method for preparing quickly solidifing hydrogen-stored alloy powder material |
| RU2238174C1 (en) * | 2003-09-30 | 2004-10-20 | Военная академия Ракетных войск стратегического назначения им. Петра Великого | Method for producing ultrafinely divided powder and apparatus for performing the same |
| WO2005019485A1 (en) * | 2003-08-22 | 2005-03-03 | International Titanium Powder, Llc. | Indexing separation system |
| CN102166654A (en) * | 2010-12-30 | 2011-08-31 | 东莞市高能磁电技术有限公司 | Preparation method for highly-efficient nickel-graphite powder and special device |
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2013
- 2013-04-01 CN CN201310110749.7A patent/CN103182513B/en active Active
Patent Citations (4)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN1130114A (en) * | 1995-09-07 | 1996-09-04 | 上海申建冶金机电技术工程公司 | Method for preparing quickly solidifing hydrogen-stored alloy powder material |
| WO2005019485A1 (en) * | 2003-08-22 | 2005-03-03 | International Titanium Powder, Llc. | Indexing separation system |
| RU2238174C1 (en) * | 2003-09-30 | 2004-10-20 | Военная академия Ракетных войск стратегического назначения им. Петра Великого | Method for producing ultrafinely divided powder and apparatus for performing the same |
| CN102166654A (en) * | 2010-12-30 | 2011-08-31 | 东莞市高能磁电技术有限公司 | Preparation method for highly-efficient nickel-graphite powder and special device |
Cited By (6)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN104722764A (en) * | 2015-03-11 | 2015-06-24 | 江永斌 | Cyclically-cooled metal powder evaporation preparation device |
| CN105081321A (en) * | 2015-08-24 | 2015-11-25 | 大连交通大学 | Cooling system for amorphous metal member formed in laser 3D printed manner and cooling method of cooling system |
| CN105081321B (en) * | 2015-08-24 | 2017-04-12 | 大连交通大学 | Cooling system for amorphous metal member formed in laser 3D printed manner and cooling method of cooling system |
| CN105618774A (en) * | 2016-04-11 | 2016-06-01 | 西安欧中材料科技有限公司 | Plasma rotating electrode pulverizing cooling system |
| CN107377911A (en) * | 2017-08-05 | 2017-11-24 | 芜湖君华材料有限公司 | A kind of closed amorphous band fast quenching protection gas cyclic utilization system |
| CN107671302A (en) * | 2017-10-31 | 2018-02-09 | 广州番禺职业技术学院 | A kind of shotting shunting collector and method |
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| CN103182513B (en) | 2015-06-03 |
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Effective date of registration: 20170419 Address after: No. 108 South Road, Haian Industrial Park, Haian, Jiangsu, China, Co-patentee after: Jiangsu Yingqiu Group Co., Ltd. Patentee after: Haian Yingqiu Powder Metallurg Co., Ltd. Address before: 226600 Haian City, Nantong province Haian County Industrial Park Road, No. 108, South Road, No. Patentee before: Jiangsu Yingqiu Group Co., Ltd. |
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