CN103177794A - Solar battery back silver slurry and preparing method thereof - Google Patents

Solar battery back silver slurry and preparing method thereof Download PDF

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CN103177794A
CN103177794A CN201110442625XA CN201110442625A CN103177794A CN 103177794 A CN103177794 A CN 103177794A CN 201110442625X A CN201110442625X A CN 201110442625XA CN 201110442625 A CN201110442625 A CN 201110442625A CN 103177794 A CN103177794 A CN 103177794A
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back silver
silver paste
free glass
solar batteries
lead
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CN103177794B (en
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陈春锦
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Zhejiang Yuhui Yangguang Energy Resources Co Ltd
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Zhejiang Yuhui Yangguang Energy Resources Co Ltd
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Abstract

The invention discloses solar battery back silver slurry and a preparing method thereof. The solar battery back silver slurry comprises, by weight, 50-70% of spherical silver powder, 12-30% of organic carriers, 7-10% of solvent, 1-3% of elasticizer, 0.5-2% of adjuvant, 0.2-3% of inorganic additive, and 2-8% of lead-free glass powder. Compared with the prior art, the solar battery back silver slurry has the advantages that viscosity of the back silver slurry can be adjusted via adjusting weight ratio among the adjuvant, the organic carriers and the solvent, so that the back silver slurry is enabled to have good printability, net drying and net blockage during printing process are avoided; and on the other hand, via adjusting an ingredient and content of the lead-free glass powder, contact resistance between a back silver electrode and an aluminum back electrode formed after the back silver slurry is sintered is reduced, and adhesive force and weldability of the back silver slurry are increased at the same time, so that conversion efficiency of a battery is improved.

Description

Used for solar batteries back silver paste and preparation method thereof
Technical field
The present invention relates to technical field of electronic materials, more particularly, relate to a kind of used for solar batteries back silver paste and preparation method thereof.
Background technology
Solar-photovoltaic technology (Photovoltaic) is the technology that converts solar energy into electric power, and its core is the semiconductor substance that can discharge electronics.Main application form as solar-photovoltaic technology, solar-energy photo-voltaic cell has anodal and the two-layer semiconductor of negative pole, solar radiation is on semiconductor the time, the intersection generation current of positive pole and negative pole, therefore, solar-energy photo-voltaic cell have advantages of fuel free, without noxious gas emission, but also have simultaneously the characteristics such as not fragile, easy care Fast Installation and noiseless.
As far back as 1839, French scientist shellfish Crelle (Becqurel) found, illumination can make between the different parts of semi-conducting material and produce potential difference, and this phenomenon is called as " photovoltaic effect ", is called for short " photovoltaic effect ".1954, it was 4.5% single crystal silicon solar cell that the proper guest of American scientist and Pierre pine have been made photoelectric conversion efficiency first in U.S.'s Bell Laboratory, and to be born be converted to solar energy the practical photovoltaic power generation technology of electric energy.Along with the photovoltaic level of industrial technology improves constantly, production scale continues to enlarge, and in the more than ten years of 1990~2006 years, the global solar battery production has increased more than 50 times.In recent years, along with the global energy situation is becoming tight and the highlighting of the problem such as global warming, the deterioration of the ecological environment, solar energy power generating is developed rapidly as a kind of continuable energy substitution mode.
According to the EPIA of EPIA prediction, solar energy power generating can occupy the important seat of world energy sources consumption in 21 century, not only wants the Substitute For Partial conventional energy resource, and will become the main body of world energy supplies.Expect the year two thousand thirty, regenerative resource will account for more than 30% in the total energy structure, and solar energy power generating will reach more than 10% in world's total electricity supply; To the year two thousand forty, regenerative resource will account for more than 50% of total energy consumption, and solar energy power generating will account for more than 20% of total electricity; To 21 century Mo, regenerative resource will account in energy resource structure more than 80%, and solar power generation will account for more than 60%.Above-mentioned numeral is enough to demonstrate the development prospect of photovoltaic industry and in the important strategic position of energy field.
In the preparation process of crystal silicon solar cell sheet, back silver paste and back aluminum slurry are printed on silicon chip back side, after drying and sintering, form back electrode at the back side of silicon chip of solar cell.Because back silver paste has the effect that the electric current that back surface field is collected confluxes derives and weld welding two aspects, there is contact between back of the body silver and back of the body aluminium simultaneously, therefore, contact resistance between the aluminum back electrode that the silver-colored back electrode that forms after requirement back silver paste sintering and back aluminum slurry form is less, requires simultaneously to exist between back silver paste and silicon substrate stronger adhesive force.But silver-colored back electrode and the contact resistance between aluminum back electrode that the back silver paste of prior art report forms are higher, and the adhesive force between back silver paste and substrate is relatively poor.
Summary of the invention
In view of this, the technical problem to be solved in the present invention is to provide a kind of used for solar batteries back silver paste and preparation method thereof, and the adhesive force of this back silver paste is stronger, and silver-colored back electrode and the contact resistance between aluminum back electrode that this back silver paste forms are less.
In order to solve above technical problem, the invention provides a kind of used for solar batteries back silver paste, be grouped into by the one-tenth of following weight ratio:
Ball shape silver powder 50~70%;
Organic carrier 12~30%;
Solvent 7~10%;
Plasticizer 1~3%;
Auxiliary agent 0.5~2%;
Inorganic additive 0.2~3%;
Lead-free glass powder 2~8%, described lead-free glass powder is (49~71) by weight ratio: (4~8): (1~3): (2~9): (3~7): the Bi of (16~32) 2O 3, B 2O 3, La 2O 3, ZnO, Al 2O 3And SiO 2Form.
Preferably, the particle diameter of described ball shape silver powder is 0.7~5 μ m, and tap density is 3.4~5.5g/cm 3
Preferably, described organic carrier is (5~11) by weight ratio: (2~5): the ethyl cellulose resin of (84~93), acrylic resin and diluent form, and described diluent is one or more in butyl carbitol acetate, butyl carbitol, terpinol and ten diester alcohol.
Preferably, described solvent is one or more in butyl carbitol acetate, butyl carbitol, terpinol and ten diester alcohol.
Preferably, described plasticizer is one or more in acetyl tributyl citrate acetate, THC and tri-n-butyl citrate.
Preferably, described auxiliary agent is dispersant and/or light diffusing agent, and described inorganic additive is Na 2O, Bi 2O 3, TiO 2, ZnO, ZrO 2With one or more in SrO.
Accordingly, the present invention also provides a kind of preparation method of used for solar batteries back silver paste, comprises the following steps:
With Bi 2O 3, B 2O 3, La 2O 3, ZnO, Al 2O 3And SiO 2By weight be (49~71): (4~8): (1~3): (2~9): (3~7): (16~32) mixing obtains lead-free glass powder through hot melt, cooling, ball milling with after sieving;
Be (50~70) by weight with ball shape silver powder, organic carrier, solvent, plasticizer, auxiliary agent, inorganic additive and described lead-free glass powder: (12~30): (7~10): (1~3): (0.5~2): (0.2~3): mix (2~8), filter after disperseing, obtain the used for solar batteries back silver paste.
Preferably, described organic carrier is prepared as follows:
Ethyl cellulose resin and acrylic resin are added in diluent, be incubated 1~3 hour under the condition of 70~90 ℃, obtain organic carrier after filtration, described diluent is one or more in butyl carbitol acetate, butyl carbitol, terpinol and ten diester alcohol, and the weight ratio of described ethyl cellulose resin, acrylic resin and diluent is (5~11): (2~5): (84~93).
Preferably, the weight ratio of described ethyl cellulose resin, acrylic resin and diluent is (7~11): (2~4): (85~91).
Preferably, the weight ratio of described ball shape silver powder, organic carrier, solvent, plasticizer, auxiliary agent, inorganic additive and described lead-free glass powder is (50~62): (15~30): (7~10): (1~3): (0.5~2): (0.5~3): (3~7).
The invention provides a kind of used for solar batteries back silver paste and preparation method thereof, this back silver paste is grouped into by the one-tenth of following weight ratio: ball shape silver powder 50~70%; Organic carrier 12~30%; Solvent 7~10%; Plasticizer 1~3%; Auxiliary agent 0.5~2%; Inorganic additive 0.2~3%; Lead-free glass powder 2~8%.Compared with prior art, the present invention is by the weight ratio relation between adjusting auxiliary agent, organic carrier and solvent, thereby the viscosity of regulating this back silver paste makes this back silver paste have good printing, has avoided the dried net in the printing process, network blocking phenomenon; On the other hand, the present invention is by regulating composition and the content in lead-free glass powder, reduced the silver-colored back electrode that forms after the back silver paste sintering and the contact resistance between aluminum back electrode, increased simultaneously adhesive force and the solderability of back silver paste, thereby improved the transformation efficiency of battery.
Description of drawings
Fig. 1 is solar-energy photo-voltaic cell structural representation disclosed by the invention.
Embodiment
The below is clearly and completely described the technical scheme in the embodiment of the present invention, and obviously, described embodiment is only the present invention's part embodiment, rather than whole embodiment.Based on the embodiment in the present invention, those of ordinary skills belong to the scope of protection of the invention not making the every other embodiment that obtains under the creative work prerequisite.
The invention discloses a kind of used for solar batteries back silver paste, be grouped into by the one-tenth of following weight ratio:
Ball shape silver powder 50~70%;
Organic carrier 12~30%;
Solvent 7~10%;
Plasticizer 1~3%;
Auxiliary agent 0.5~2%;
Inorganic additive 0.2~3%;
Lead-free glass powder 2~8%, described lead-free glass powder is (49~71) by weight ratio: (4~8): (1~3): (2~9): (3~7): the Bi of (16~32) 2O 3, B 2O 3, La 2O 3, ZnO, Al 2O 3And SiO 2Form.
Silver has that resistivity is low, pliability and the characteristics such as ductility is good, is good conductivity and conductive metal, and therefore, the present invention is take silver particles as conducting particles.The particle diameter of ball shape silver powder of the present invention is preferably 0.7~5 μ m, more preferably 1.5~4 μ m, more preferably 2.5~4 μ m; Tap density is preferably 3.4~5.5g/cm 3, 3.6~4.5g/cm more preferably 3, 3.8~4.3g/cm more preferably 3Take ball shape silver powder as neccessary composition, reduce the shrinkage after the electrocondution slurry sintering due to the present invention, improved simultaneously the electric conductivity of slurry.The particle diameter of above-mentioned ball shape silver powder is average grain diameter, calculates by measured value, and described measured value is preferably determined by the LA-920 particles distribution instrument.
According to the present invention, organic carrier is that resin binder preferably is (5~11) by weight ratio: (2~5): the ethyl cellulose resin of (84~93), acrylic resin and diluent form, described diluent is one or more in butyl carbitol acetate, butyl carbitol, terpinol and ten diester alcohol, the weight ratio of described ethyl cellulose resin, acrylic resin and diluent is preferably (7~11): (2~4): (85~91), wherein the effect of diluent is to regulate the viscosity of this organic carrier.Described acrylic resin is preferably the long-pending hydrochemical M-7 of Japan.
In addition, described solvent is preferably one or more in butyl carbitol acetate, butyl carbitol, terpinol and ten diester alcohol.Described plasticizer is preferably one or more in acetyl tributyl citrate acetate, THC and tri-n-butyl citrate.Described inorganic additive is preferably Na 2O, Bi 2O 3, TiO 2, ZnO, ZrO 2With one or more in SrO.Described auxiliary agent is dispersant and/or light diffusing agent, more preferably one or more in the silicone based light diffusing agent of BYK-110, BYK-111, Japanese SHIN-ETSU HANTOTAI.Simultaneously, there is no particular restriction for the concrete model of the silicone based light diffusing agent of described Japanese SHIN-ETSU HANTOTAI in the present invention, can be selected by the character of back silver paste; The consumption of above-mentioned auxiliary agent, inorganic additive and plasticizer is decided by the characteristic of required back silver paste.
The lead-free glass powder that the present invention adopts is by Bi 2O 3, B 2O 3, La 2O 3, ZnO, Al 2O 3And SiO 2Forming, is preferably (55~70) by weight ratio: (5~8): (1~3): (2~9): (3~7): the Bi of (20~30) 2O 3, B 2O 3, La 2O 3, ZnO, Al 2O 3And SiO 2Form.The particle diameter of described lead-free glass powder is preferably 0.5~6.0 μ m, more preferably 1.0~5.0 μ m, more preferably 2.0~4.0 μ m; Softening point is preferably 460~560 ℃, and more preferably 470~550 ℃, more preferably 480~530 ℃.In back silver paste, lead-free glass powder is as inorganic binder, the softening point of 460~560 ℃ that it preferably has so that back silver paste 600~900 ℃ of lower roastings, thereby stick on silicon substrate.If softening point is too low, the sintering degree can be excessively; Softening point is too high during roasting, enough molten sulfurs can not occur, thereby adhesion strength is lower, can not realize liquid-phase sintering with silver particles.
Therefore, the present invention is by the weight ratio relation between adjusting auxiliary agent, organic carrier and solvent, thereby the viscosity of regulating this back silver paste makes this back silver paste have good printing, has avoided the dried net in the printing process, network blocking phenomenon; On the other hand, the present invention is by regulating composition and the content in lead-free glass powder, reduced the silver-colored back electrode that forms after the back silver paste sintering and the contact resistance between aluminum back electrode, increased simultaneously adhesive force and the solderability of back silver paste, thereby improved the transformation efficiency of battery.
Accordingly, the present invention also provides a kind of preparation method of used for solar batteries back silver paste, comprises the following steps: with Bi 2O 3, B 2O 3, La 2O 3, ZnO, Al 2O 3And SiO 2By weight be (49~71): (4~8): (1~3): (2~9): (3~7): (16~32) mixing obtains lead-free glass powder through hot melt, cooling, ball milling with after sieving; Be (50~70) by weight with ball shape silver powder, organic carrier, solvent, plasticizer, auxiliary agent, inorganic additive and described lead-free glass powder: (12~30): (7~10): (1~3): (0.5~2): (0.2~3): mix (2~8), filter after disperseing, obtain the used for solar batteries back silver paste.
In above-mentioned preparation process, the present invention changes the ratio of lead-free glass powder and silver powder by adjusting, thereby regulates contact resistance and the cell conversion efficiency of silver and silicon after sintering; By the ratio of adjusting organic carrier and solvent, thereby viscosity and the printing of regulating product prevent dried net, network blocking phenomenon in printing process; Can adjust the dispersiveness of slurry by the content of regulating auxiliary agent; Change resistance and cell conversion efficiency that the ratio of inorganic additive can the regulating cell sheet.Therefore, the crystal silicon solar cell sheet weldability of utilizing used for solar batteries back silver paste that the present invention prepares to obtain is good, transformation efficiency is high.
In back silver paste, lead-free glass powder is as inorganic binder, the present invention is by regulating composition and the content in lead-free glass powder, the silver-colored back electrode that forms after the back silver paste sintering and the contact resistance between aluminum back electrode have been reduced, increase simultaneously adhesive force and the solderability of back silver paste, thereby improved the transformation efficiency of battery.The particle diameter of the lead-free glass powder of the present invention's preparation is preferably 0.5~6.0 μ m, more preferably 1.0~5.0 μ m, more preferably 2.0~4.0 μ m; Softening point is preferably 460~560 ℃, and more preferably 470~550 ℃, more preferably 480~530 ℃.
in addition, described organic carrier is prepared as follows: ethyl cellulose resin and acrylic resin are added in diluent, be incubated 1~3 hour under the condition of 70~90 ℃, obtain organic carrier after filtration, described diluent is the butyl carbitol acetate, butyl carbitol, one or more in terpinol and ten diester alcohol, described ethyl cellulose resin, the weight ratio of acrylic resin and diluent is (5~11): (2~5): (84~93), described ethyl cellulose resin, the weight ratio of acrylic resin and diluent is preferably (7~11): (2~4): (85~91).In the preparation process of above-mentioned organic carrier, described holding temperature is preferably 75~85 ℃, more preferably 80 ℃; Described temperature retention time is preferably 1.5~2.5 hours, and more preferably 2 hours, the form of constant temperature insulation was preferably adopted in described insulation.
In the process of back silver paste, preferably adopt three-roller that the mix products of each raw material is disperseed, more preferably being dispersed to particle diameter is below 15 μ m, is adjusted to appropriate viscosity, filters to obtain the used for solar batteries back silver paste.
In sum, the present invention is by the weight ratio relation between adjusting auxiliary agent, organic carrier and solvent, thereby the viscosity of regulating this back silver paste makes this back silver paste have good printing, has avoided the dried net in the printing process, network blocking phenomenon; On the other hand, the present invention is by regulating composition and the content in lead-free glass powder, reduced the silver-colored back electrode that forms after the back silver paste sintering and the contact resistance between aluminum back electrode, increased simultaneously adhesive force and the solderability of back silver paste, thereby improved the transformation efficiency of battery.
Used for solar batteries back silver paste with the present invention's preparation prepares solar cell, as shown in Figure 1, comprises crystalline silicon matrix 1, back of the body silver 2, back of the body aluminium 3 and front electrode 4.Because printing performance and the levelability of the back silver paste of the present invention preparation are better, thereby this solar cell can not ftracture in sintering process, has avoided slipping through the net in the printing process and the generation of network blocking phenomenon; Back of the body silver 2 has formed good ohmic contact with crystalline silicon matrix 1 simultaneously, and back silver paste is less with the contact resistance of back of the body aluminium, so this solar cell has good cell conversion efficiency.
In order to further illustrate technical scheme of the present invention, below in conjunction with embodiment, the preferred embodiment of the invention is described, but should be appreciated that these describe just as further illustrating the features and advantages of the present invention, rather than limiting to the claimed invention.
The chemical reagent that the embodiment of the present invention adopts is commercial.
Step 1) preparation of lead-free glass powder
In the raw material shown in table 1 and ratio, with Bi 2O 3, B 2O 3, La 2O 3, ZnO, Al 2O 3And SiO 2Mix, obtain lead-free glass powder through hot melt, cooling, ball milling with after sieving, this lead-free glass powder particle diameter is 0.5~6.0 μ m, and softening point is 460~560 ℃.
Step 2) preparation of organic carrier
In the raw material shown in table 1 and ratio, ethyl cellulose resin and acrylic resin are added in diluent, under 80 ℃ of constant temperatures, dissolving, be incubated after 2 hours fully, filters to get organic carrier with 250 mesh standard sieves.
Step 3) preparation of used for solar batteries back silver paste
In the raw material shown in table 1 and ratio, with ball shape silver powder, solvent, plasticizer, auxiliary agent, inorganic additive, step 1) preparation lead-free glass powder and step 2) preparation organic carrier, mix, with Na 2O is inorganic additive, being dispersed on three-roller below 15 μ m, is adjusted to appropriate viscosity, filters to obtain the used for solar batteries back silver paste.
Embodiment 2~5
Adopt raw material and the ratio shown in table 1, according to the preparation method of embodiment 1, prepare the used for solar batteries back silver paste.
Raw material and process conditions that table 1 embodiment of the present invention 1~5 adopts
Figure BDA0000125079680000071
Figure BDA0000125079680000081
Figure BDA0000125079680000091
The used for solar batteries back silver paste prepared to the embodiment of the present invention 1~5 carries out performance test on monocrystalline silicon piece, use the screen painting of 60 μ m live widths, and results of property is as shown in table 2:
The results of property of the used for solar batteries back silver paste of table 2 embodiment of the present invention 1~5 preparation
Figure BDA0000125079680000092
To the above-mentioned explanation of the disclosed embodiments, make this area professional and technical personnel can realize or use the present invention.Multiple modification to these embodiment will be apparent concerning those skilled in the art, and General Principle as defined herein can be in the situation that do not break away from the spirit or scope of the present invention, realization in other embodiments.Therefore, the present invention will can not be restricted to these embodiment shown in this article, but will meet the widest scope consistent with principle disclosed herein and features of novelty.

Claims (10)

1. used for solar batteries back silver paste is grouped into by the one-tenth of following weight ratio:
Ball shape silver powder 50~70%;
Organic carrier 12~30%;
Solvent 7~10%;
Plasticizer 1~3%;
Auxiliary agent 0.5~2%;
Inorganic additive 0.2~3%;
Lead-free glass powder 2~8%, described lead-free glass powder is (49~71) by weight ratio: (4~8): (1~3): (2~9): (3~7): the Bi of (16~32) 2O 3, B 2O 3, La 2O 3, ZnO, Al 2O 3And SiO 2Form.
2. used for solar batteries back silver paste according to claim 1, is characterized in that, the particle diameter of described ball shape silver powder is 0.7~5 μ m, and tap density is 3.4~5.5g/cm 3
3. used for solar batteries back silver paste according to claim 1, it is characterized in that, described organic carrier is (5~11) by weight ratio: (2~5): the ethyl cellulose resin of (84~93), acrylic resin and diluent form, and described diluent is one or more in butyl carbitol acetate, butyl carbitol, terpinol and ten diester alcohol.
4. used for solar batteries back silver paste according to claim 1, is characterized in that, described solvent is one or more in butyl carbitol acetate, butyl carbitol, terpinol and ten diester alcohol.
5. used for solar batteries back silver paste according to claim 1, is characterized in that, described plasticizer is one or more in acetyl tributyl citrate acetate, THC and tri-n-butyl citrate.
6. used for solar batteries back silver paste according to claim 1, is characterized in that, described auxiliary agent is dispersant and/or light diffusing agent, and described inorganic additive is Na 2O, Bi 2O 3, TiO 2, ZnO, ZrO 2With one or more in SrO.
7. the preparation method of a used for solar batteries back silver paste comprises the following steps:
With Bi 2O 3, B 2O 3, La 2O 3, ZnO, Al 2O 3And SiO 2By weight be (49~71): (4~8): (1~3): (2~9): (3~7): (16~32) mixing obtains lead-free glass powder through hot melt, cooling, ball milling with after sieving;
Be (50~70) by weight with ball shape silver powder, organic carrier, solvent, plasticizer, auxiliary agent, inorganic additive and described lead-free glass powder: (12~30): (7~10): (1~3): (0.5~2): (0.2~3): mix (2~8), filter after disperseing, obtain the used for solar batteries back silver paste.
8. preparation method according to claim 7, is characterized in that, described organic carrier is prepared as follows:
Ethyl cellulose resin and acrylic resin are added in diluent, be incubated 1~3 hour under the condition of 70~90 ℃, obtain organic carrier after filtration, described diluent is one or more in butyl carbitol acetate, butyl carbitol, terpinol and ten diester alcohol, and the weight ratio of described ethyl cellulose resin, acrylic resin and diluent is (5~11): (2~5): (84~93).
9. preparation method according to claim 8, is characterized in that, the weight ratio of described ethyl cellulose resin, acrylic resin and diluent is (7~11): (2~4): (85~91).
10. preparation method according to claim 7, it is characterized in that, the weight ratio of described ball shape silver powder, organic carrier, solvent, plasticizer, auxiliary agent, inorganic additive and described lead-free glass powder is (50~62): (15~30): (7~10): (1~3): (0.5~2): (0.5~3): (3~7).
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CN103545018A (en) * 2013-10-25 2014-01-29 江苏惠星新能源科技有限公司 Black-side silver paste for solar energy and preparing method thereof
CN103745764A (en) * 2013-12-19 2014-04-23 浙江凯盈新材料有限公司 Back surface silver slurry with great adhesion with silicon solar battery back field aluminum slurry and preparation method of back surface silver slurry
CN106297955A (en) * 2016-09-30 2017-01-04 天津宝兴威科技有限公司 A kind of nano silver conductive paste
CN107845439A (en) * 2017-11-03 2018-03-27 通威太阳能(安徽)有限公司 A kind of silicon solar cell back silver paste and preparation method thereof
CN109215835A (en) * 2018-09-27 2019-01-15 海宁市瑞银科技有限公司 PERC battery low-resistivity high adhesion force back silver paste and preparation method thereof
CN115985549A (en) * 2023-01-06 2023-04-18 广州市儒兴科技股份有限公司 Electrode slurry and preparation method thereof

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