CN103177794B - Back silver paste used for solar batteries and preparation method thereof - Google Patents
Back silver paste used for solar batteries and preparation method thereof Download PDFInfo
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- CN103177794B CN103177794B CN201110442625.XA CN201110442625A CN103177794B CN 103177794 B CN103177794 B CN 103177794B CN 201110442625 A CN201110442625 A CN 201110442625A CN 103177794 B CN103177794 B CN 103177794B
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Abstract
The invention discloses a kind of back silver paste used for solar batteries and preparation method thereof, this back silver paste is grouped into by the one-tenth of following weight ratio: ball shape silver powder 50 ~ 70%; Organic carrier 12 ~ 30%; Solvent 7 ~ 10%; Plasticizer 1 ~ 3%; Auxiliary agent 0.5 ~ 2%; Inorganic additive 0.2 ~ 3%; Lead-free glass powder 2 ~ 8%.Compared with prior art, the present invention by regulating auxiliary agent, weight ratio relation between organic carrier and solvent, thus regulates the viscosity of this back silver paste, makes this back silver paste have good printing, avoids the dry net in printing process, network blocking phenomenon; On the other hand, the present invention is by the composition in adjustment lead-free glass powder and content, contact resistance between the silver-colored back electrode formed after reducing back silver paste sintering and aluminum back electrode, adds adhesive force and the solderability of back silver paste simultaneously, thus improves the transformation efficiency of battery.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to technical field of electronic materials, more particularly, relate to a kind of back silver paste used for solar batteries and preparation method thereof.
Background technology
Solar-photovoltaic technology (Photovoltaic) is the technology converting solar energy into electric power, and its core is the semiconductor substance that can discharge electronics.As the main application form of solar-photovoltaic technology, solar-energy photo-voltaic cell has positive pole and the two-layer semiconductor of negative pole, solar radiation on the semiconductor time, the intersection generation current of positive pole and negative pole, therefore, solar-energy photo-voltaic cell have fuel free, without the advantage of noxious gas emission, also have simultaneously not fragile, easy care, can the feature such as Fast Installation and noiseless.
As far back as 1839, French scientist shellfish Crelle (Becqurel) found, illumination can make to produce potential difference between the different parts of semi-conducting material, and this phenomenon is called as " photovoltaic effect ", was called for short " photovoltaic effect ".1954, the proper guest of American scientist and Pierre pine made in the U.S.'s Bell Laboratory single crystal silicon solar cell that photoelectric conversion efficiency is 4.5% first, have been born and solar energy have been converted to the practical photovoltaic power generation technology of electric energy.Along with solar photovoltaic industry technical merit improves constantly, production scale continuous enlargement, in the more than ten years of 1990 ~ 2006 years, global solar battery production increases more than 50 times.In recent years, along with global energy situation is becoming tight and the highlighting of the problem such as global warming, the deterioration of the ecological environment, solar energy power generating is developed rapidly as the continuable alternative energy source of one.
Predict according to EPIA EPIA, solar energy power generating can occupy the important seat of world energy sources consumption in 21 century, not only wants Substitute For Partial conventional energy resource, and will become the main body of world energy supplies.Expect the year two thousand thirty, regenerative resource will account for more than 30% in total energy structure, and solar energy power generating will reach more than 10% in world's total electricity supply; To the year two thousand forty, regenerative resource will account for more than 50% of total energy consumption, and solar energy power generating will account for more than 20% of total electricity; To 21 century Mo, regenerative resource will account for more than 80% in energy resource structure, and solar power generation will account for more than 60%.Above-mentioned numeral be enough to demonstrate solar photovoltaic industry development prospect and in the important strategic position of energy field.
In the preparation process of crystal silicon solar cell sheet, back silver paste and back aluminum slurry are printed on silicon chip back side, after dry and sintering, form back electrode at the back side of silicon chip of solar cell.Due to back silver paste have by back surface field collect electric current conflux derive and welding welding two aspect effect, there is contact between back of the body silver and back of the body aluminium simultaneously, therefore, contact resistance between the aluminum back electrode that the silver-colored back electrode formed after requiring back silver paste sintering and back aluminum slurry are formed is less, requires to there is stronger adhesive force between back silver paste and silicon substrate simultaneously.But the contact resistance between the silver-colored back electrode that the back silver paste of prior art report is formed and aluminum back electrode is higher, and adhesive force between back silver paste and substrate is poor.
Summary of the invention
In view of this, the technical problem to be solved in the present invention is to provide a kind of back silver paste used for solar batteries and preparation method thereof, and the adhesive force of this back silver paste is comparatively strong, and contact resistance between the silver-colored back electrode that formed of this back silver paste and aluminum back electrode is less.
In order to solve above technical problem, the invention provides a kind of back silver paste used for solar batteries, being grouped into by the one-tenth of following weight ratio:
Ball shape silver powder 50 ~ 70%;
Organic carrier 12 ~ 30%;
Solvent 7 ~ 10%;
Plasticizer 1 ~ 3%;
Auxiliary agent 0.5 ~ 2%;
Inorganic additive 0.2 ~ 3%;
Lead-free glass powder 2 ~ 8%, described lead-free glass powder is (49 ~ 71) by weight ratio: (4 ~ 8): (1 ~ 3): (2 ~ 9): (3 ~ 7): the Bi of (16 ~ 32)
2o
3, B
2o
3, La
2o
3, ZnO, Al
2o
3and SiO
2composition.
Preferably, the particle diameter of described ball shape silver powder is 0.7 ~ 5 μm, and tap density is 3.4 ~ 5.5g/cm
3.
Preferably, described organic carrier is (5 ~ 11) by weight ratio: (2 ~ 5): the ethyl cellulose resin of (84 ~ 93), acrylic resin and diluent form, and described diluent is one or more in butyl carbitol acetate, butyl carbitol, terpinol and ten diester alcohol.
Preferably, described solvent is one or more in butyl carbitol acetate, butyl carbitol, terpinol and ten diester alcohol.
Preferably, described plasticizer is one or more in acetyl tributyl citrate acetate, THC and tri-n-butyl citrate.
Preferably, described auxiliary agent is dispersant and/or light diffusing agent, and described inorganic additive is Na
2o, Bi
2o
3, TiO
2, ZnO, ZrO
2with one or more in SrO.
Accordingly, the present invention also provides a kind of preparation method of back silver paste used for solar batteries, comprises the following steps:
By Bi
2o
3, B
2o
3, La
2o
3, ZnO, Al
2o
3and SiO
2by weight be (49 ~ 71): (4 ~ 8): (1 ~ 3): (2 ~ 9): (3 ~ 7): (16 ~ 32) mixing, through hot melt, cooling, ball milling with obtain lead-free glass powder after sieving;
By ball shape silver powder, organic carrier, solvent, plasticizer, auxiliary agent, inorganic additive and described lead-free glass powder by weight be (50 ~ 70): (12 ~ 30): (7 ~ 10): (1 ~ 3): (0.5 ~ 2): (0.2 ~ 3): (2 ~ 8) mixing, filter after dispersion, obtain back silver paste used for solar batteries.
Preferably, described organic carrier is prepared as follows:
Ethyl cellulose resin and acrylic resin are added in diluent, 1 ~ 3 hour is incubated under the condition of 70 ~ 90 DEG C, organic carrier is obtained after filtration, described diluent is one or more in butyl carbitol acetate, butyl carbitol, terpinol and ten diester alcohol, and the weight ratio of described ethyl cellulose resin, acrylic resin and diluent is (5 ~ 11): (2 ~ 5): (84 ~ 93).
Preferably, the weight ratio of described ethyl cellulose resin, acrylic resin and diluent is (7 ~ 11): (2 ~ 4): (85 ~ 91).
Preferably, the weight ratio of described ball shape silver powder, organic carrier, solvent, plasticizer, auxiliary agent, inorganic additive and described lead-free glass powder is (50 ~ 62): (15 ~ 30): (7 ~ 10): (1 ~ 3): (0.5 ~ 2): (0.5 ~ 3): (3 ~ 7).
The invention provides a kind of back silver paste used for solar batteries and preparation method thereof, this back silver paste is grouped into by the one-tenth of following weight ratio: ball shape silver powder 50 ~ 70%; Organic carrier 12 ~ 30%; Solvent 7 ~ 10%; Plasticizer 1 ~ 3%; Auxiliary agent 0.5 ~ 2%; Inorganic additive 0.2 ~ 3%; Lead-free glass powder 2 ~ 8%.Compared with prior art, the present invention by regulating auxiliary agent, weight ratio relation between organic carrier and solvent, thus regulates the viscosity of this back silver paste, makes this back silver paste have good printing, avoids the dry net in printing process, network blocking phenomenon; On the other hand, the present invention is by the composition in adjustment lead-free glass powder and content, contact resistance between the silver-colored back electrode formed after reducing back silver paste sintering and aluminum back electrode, adds adhesive force and the solderability of back silver paste simultaneously, thus improves the transformation efficiency of battery.
Accompanying drawing explanation
Fig. 1 is solar-energy photo-voltaic cell structural representation disclosed by the invention.
Embodiment
Be clearly and completely described the technical scheme in the embodiment of the present invention below, obviously, described embodiment is only the present invention's part embodiment, instead of whole embodiments.Based on the embodiment in the present invention, those of ordinary skill in the art, not making the every other embodiment obtained under creative work prerequisite, belong to the scope of protection of the invention.
The invention discloses a kind of back silver paste used for solar batteries, be grouped into by the one-tenth of following weight ratio:
Ball shape silver powder 50 ~ 70%;
Organic carrier 12 ~ 30%;
Solvent 7 ~ 10%;
Plasticizer 1 ~ 3%;
Auxiliary agent 0.5 ~ 2%;
Inorganic additive 0.2 ~ 3%;
Lead-free glass powder 2 ~ 8%, described lead-free glass powder is (49 ~ 71) by weight ratio: (4 ~ 8): (1 ~ 3): (2 ~ 9): (3 ~ 7): the Bi of (16 ~ 32)
2o
3, B
2o
3, La
2o
3, ZnO, Al
2o
3and SiO
2composition.
Silver has that resistivity is low, pliability and the feature such as ductility is good, and be good conductivity and conductive metal, therefore, the present invention take silver particles as conducting particles.The particle diameter of ball shape silver powder of the present invention is preferably 0.7 ~ 5 μm, is more preferably 1.5 ~ 4 μm, is more preferably 2.5 ~ 4 μm; Tap density is preferably 3.4 ~ 5.5g/cm
3, be more preferably 3.6 ~ 4.5g/cm
3, be more preferably 3.8 ~ 4.3g/cm
3.Because the present invention is neccessary composition with ball shape silver powder, decreases the shrinkage after electrocondution slurry sintering, improve the electric conductivity of slurry simultaneously.The particle diameter of above-mentioned ball shape silver powder is average grain diameter, is calculated by measured value, and described measured value is preferably determined by LA-920 particles distribution instrument.
According to the present invention, organic carrier and resin binder are preferably (5 ~ 11) by weight ratio: (2 ~ 5): the ethyl cellulose resin of (84 ~ 93), acrylic resin and diluent form, described diluent is one or more in butyl carbitol acetate, butyl carbitol, terpinol and ten diester alcohol, the weight ratio of described ethyl cellulose resin, acrylic resin and diluent is preferably (7 ~ 11): (2 ~ 4): (85 ~ 91), wherein the effect of diluent is the viscosity regulating this organic carrier.Described acrylic resin is preferably the long-pending hydrochemical M-7 of Japan.
In addition, described solvent is preferably one or more in butyl carbitol acetate, butyl carbitol, terpinol and ten diester alcohol.Described plasticizer is preferably one or more in acetyl tributyl citrate acetate, THC and tri-n-butyl citrate.Described inorganic additive is preferably Na
2o, Bi
2o
3, TiO
2, ZnO, ZrO
2with one or more in SrO.Described auxiliary agent is dispersant and/or light diffusing agent, is more preferably one or more in the silicone based light diffusing agent of BYK-110, BYK-111, Japanese SHIN-ETSU HANTOTAI.Meanwhile, for the concrete model of the silicone based light diffusing agent of described Japanese SHIN-ETSU HANTOTAI, there is no particular restriction in the present invention, can be selected by the character of back silver paste; The consumption of above-mentioned auxiliary agent, inorganic additive and plasticizer is decided by the characteristic of required back silver paste.
The lead-free glass powder that the present invention adopts is by Bi
2o
3, B
2o
3, La
2o
3, ZnO, Al
2o
3and SiO
2composition is preferably (55 ~ 70) by weight ratio: (5 ~ 8): (1 ~ 3): (2 ~ 9): (3 ~ 7): the Bi of (20 ~ 30)
2o
3, B
2o
3, La
2o
3, ZnO, Al
2o
3and SiO
2composition.The particle diameter of described lead-free glass powder is preferably 0.5 ~ 6.0 μm, is more preferably 1.0 ~ 5.0 μm, is more preferably 2.0 ~ 4.0 μm; Softening point is preferably 460 ~ 560 DEG C, is more preferably 470 ~ 550 DEG C, is more preferably 480 ~ 530 DEG C.In back silver paste, lead-free glass powder is as inorganic binder, and its softening point of 460 ~ 560 DEG C preferably had so that back silver paste roasting at 600 ~ 900 DEG C, thus adheres on a silicon substrate.If softening point is too low, then sintering degree can be excessively; Softening point is too high, during roasting, enough molten sulfurs can not occur, thus adhesion strength is lower, can not realize liquid-phase sintering with silver particles.
Therefore, the present invention by regulating auxiliary agent, weight ratio relation between organic carrier and solvent, thus regulates the viscosity of this back silver paste, makes this back silver paste have good printing, avoids the dry net in printing process, network blocking phenomenon; On the other hand, the present invention is by the composition in adjustment lead-free glass powder and content, contact resistance between the silver-colored back electrode formed after reducing back silver paste sintering and aluminum back electrode, adds adhesive force and the solderability of back silver paste simultaneously, thus improves the transformation efficiency of battery.
Accordingly, the present invention also provides a kind of preparation method of back silver paste used for solar batteries, comprises the following steps: by Bi
2o
3, B
2o
3, La
2o
3, ZnO, Al
2o
3and SiO
2by weight be (49 ~ 71): (4 ~ 8): (1 ~ 3): (2 ~ 9): (3 ~ 7): (16 ~ 32) mixing, through hot melt, cooling, ball milling with obtain lead-free glass powder after sieving; By ball shape silver powder, organic carrier, solvent, plasticizer, auxiliary agent, inorganic additive and described lead-free glass powder by weight be (50 ~ 70): (12 ~ 30): (7 ~ 10): (1 ~ 3): (0.5 ~ 2): (0.2 ~ 3): (2 ~ 8) mixing, filter after dispersion, obtain back silver paste used for solar batteries.
In above-mentioned preparation process, the present invention passes through to regulate the ratio changing lead-free glass powder and silver powder, thus regulates contact resistance and the cell conversion efficiency of the rear silver of sintering and silicon; By regulating the ratio of organic carrier and solvent, thus regulating viscosity and the printing of product, preventing the dry net in printing process, network blocking phenomenon; By the dispersiveness regulating the content of auxiliary agent can adjust slurry; The ratio changing inorganic additive can the resistance of regulating cell sheet and cell conversion efficiency.Therefore, the crystal silicon solar cell sheet weldability that the back silver paste used for solar batteries utilizing the present invention to prepare obtains is good, transformation efficiency is high.
In back silver paste, lead-free glass powder is as inorganic binder, the present invention is by the composition in adjustment lead-free glass powder and content, contact resistance between the silver-colored back electrode formed after reducing back silver paste sintering and aluminum back electrode, add adhesive force and the solderability of back silver paste simultaneously, thus improve the transformation efficiency of battery.The particle diameter of lead-free glass powder prepared by the present invention is preferably 0.5 ~ 6.0 μm, is more preferably 1.0 ~ 5.0 μm, is more preferably 2.0 ~ 4.0 μm; Softening point is preferably 460 ~ 560 DEG C, is more preferably 470 ~ 550 DEG C, is more preferably 480 ~ 530 DEG C.
In addition, described organic carrier is prepared as follows: add in diluent by ethyl cellulose resin and acrylic resin, 1 ~ 3 hour is incubated under the condition of 70 ~ 90 DEG C, organic carrier is obtained after filtration, described diluent is butyl carbitol acetate, butyl carbitol, one or more in terpinol and ten diester alcohol, described ethyl cellulose resin, the weight ratio of acrylic resin and diluent is (5 ~ 11): (2 ~ 5): (84 ~ 93), described ethyl cellulose resin, the weight ratio of acrylic resin and diluent is preferably (7 ~ 11): (2 ~ 4): (85 ~ 91).In the preparation process of above-mentioned organic carrier, described holding temperature is preferably 75 ~ 85 DEG C, is more preferably 80 DEG C; Described temperature retention time is preferably 1.5 ~ 2.5 hours, is more preferably 2 hours, the form that described insulation preferably adopts constant temperature to be incubated.
In the process of back silver paste, preferably adopt the mix products of three-roller to each raw material to disperse, being more preferably dispersed to particle diameter is less than 15 μm, is adjusted to appropriate viscosity, filters and obtains back silver paste used for solar batteries.
In sum, the present invention by regulating auxiliary agent, weight ratio relation between organic carrier and solvent, thus regulates the viscosity of this back silver paste, makes this back silver paste have good printing, avoids the dry net in printing process, network blocking phenomenon; On the other hand, the present invention is by the composition in adjustment lead-free glass powder and content, contact resistance between the silver-colored back electrode formed after reducing back silver paste sintering and aluminum back electrode, adds adhesive force and the solderability of back silver paste simultaneously, thus improves the transformation efficiency of battery.
Prepare solar cell with back silver paste used for solar batteries prepared by the present invention, as shown in Figure 1, comprise crystalline silicon matrix 1, back of the body silver 2, back of the body aluminium 3 and front electrode 4.The printing performance of the back silver paste prepared due to the present invention and levelability better, thus this solar cell can not ftracture in sintering process, avoids in printing process and slips through the net and the generation of network blocking phenomenon; Back of the body silver 2 defines good ohmic contact with crystalline silicon matrix 1 simultaneously, and back silver paste is less with the contact resistance of back of the body aluminium, and therefore this solar cell has good cell conversion efficiency.
In order to further illustrate technical scheme of the present invention, below in conjunction with embodiment, the preferred embodiment of the invention is described, but should be appreciated that these describe just for further illustrating the features and advantages of the present invention, instead of limiting to the claimed invention.
The chemical reagent that the embodiment of the present invention adopts is commercial.
Step 1) preparation of lead-free glass powder
In the raw material shown in table 1 and ratio, by Bi
2o
3, B
2o
3, La
2o
3, ZnO, Al
2o
3and SiO
2mix, through hot melt, cooling, ball milling with obtain lead-free glass powder after sieving, this lead-free glass powder particle diameter is 0.5 ~ 6.0 μm, and softening point is 460 ~ 560 DEG C.
Step 2) preparation of organic carrier
In the raw material shown in table 1 and ratio, ethyl cellulose resin and acrylic resin are added in diluent, under 80 DEG C of constant temperatures, dissolve completely, be incubated after 2 hours, filter to obtain organic carrier with 250 mesh standard sieves.
Step 3) preparation of back silver paste used for solar batteries
In the raw material shown in table 1 and ratio, by ball shape silver powder, solvent, plasticizer, auxiliary agent, inorganic additive, step 1) lead-free glass powder prepared and step 2) prepare organic carrier, mix, with Na
2o is inorganic additive, three-roller is dispersed to less than 15 μm, is adjusted to appropriate viscosity, filters and obtains back silver paste used for solar batteries.
Embodiment 2 ~ 5
Adopt the raw material shown in table 1 and ratio, according to the preparation method of embodiment 1, prepare back silver paste used for solar batteries.
The raw material that table 1 embodiment of the present invention 1 ~ 5 adopts and process conditions
On monocrystalline silicon piece, carry out performance test to the back silver paste used for solar batteries prepared by the embodiment of the present invention 1 ~ 5, use the screen painting of 60 μm of live widths, results of property is as shown in table 2:
The results of property of back silver paste used for solar batteries prepared by table 2 embodiment of the present invention 1 ~ 5
To the above-mentioned explanation of the disclosed embodiments, professional and technical personnel in the field are realized or uses the present invention.To be apparent for those skilled in the art to the multiple amendment of these embodiments, General Principle as defined herein can without departing from the spirit or scope of the present invention, realize in other embodiments.Therefore, the present invention can not be restricted to these embodiments shown in this article, but will meet the widest scope consistent with principle disclosed herein and features of novelty.
Claims (6)
1. a back silver paste used for solar batteries, is grouped into by the one-tenth of following weight ratio:
Ball shape silver powder 50 ~ 70%;
Organic carrier 12 ~ 30%; Described organic carrier is (5 ~ 11) by weight ratio: (2 ~ 5): the ethyl cellulose resin of (84 ~ 93), acrylic resin and diluent form, and described diluent is one or more in butyl carbitol acetate, butyl carbitol, terpinol and ten diester alcohol;
Solvent 7 ~ 10%; Described solvent is one or more in butyl carbitol acetate, butyl carbitol, terpinol and ten diester alcohol;
Plasticizer 1 ~ 3%; Described plasticizer is one or more in acetyl tributyl citrate acetate, THC and tri-n-butyl citrate;
Auxiliary agent 0.5 ~ 2%; Described auxiliary agent is dispersant and/or light diffusing agent;
Inorganic additive 0.2 ~ 3%; Described inorganic additive is Na
2o;
Lead-free glass powder 2 ~ 8%, described lead-free glass powder is (49 ~ 71) by weight ratio: (4 ~ 8): (1 ~ 3): (2 ~ 9): (3 ~ 7): the Bi of (16 ~ 32)
2o
3, B
2o
3, La
2o
3, ZnO, Al
2o
3and SiO
2composition.
2. back silver paste used for solar batteries according to claim 1, is characterized in that, the particle diameter of described ball shape silver powder is 0.7 ~ 5 μm, and tap density is 3.4 ~ 5.5g/cm
3.
3. a preparation method for back silver paste used for solar batteries according to claim 1, comprises the following steps:
By Bi
2o
3, B
2o
3, La
2o
3, ZnO, Al
2o
3and SiO
2by weight be (49 ~ 71): (4 ~ 8): (1 ~ 3): (2 ~ 9): (3 ~ 7): (16 ~ 32) mixing, through hot melt, cooling, ball milling with obtain lead-free glass powder after sieving;
By ball shape silver powder, organic carrier, solvent, plasticizer, auxiliary agent, inorganic additive and described lead-free glass powder by weight be (50 ~ 70): (12 ~ 30): (7 ~ 10): (1 ~ 3): (0.5 ~ 2): (0.2 ~ 3): (2 ~ 8) mixing, filter after dispersion, obtain back silver paste used for solar batteries.
4. preparation method according to claim 3, is characterized in that, described organic carrier is prepared as follows:
Ethyl cellulose resin and acrylic resin are added in diluent, under the condition of 70 ~ 90 DEG C, is incubated 1 ~ 3 hour, after filtration, obtains organic carrier.
5. preparation method according to claim 4, is characterized in that, the weight ratio of described ethyl cellulose resin, acrylic resin and diluent is (7 ~ 11): (2 ~ 4): (85 ~ 91).
6. preparation method according to claim 3, it is characterized in that, the weight ratio of described ball shape silver powder, organic carrier, solvent, plasticizer, auxiliary agent, inorganic additive and described lead-free glass powder is (50 ~ 62): (15 ~ 30): (7 ~ 10): (1 ~ 3): (0.5 ~ 2): (0.5 ~ 3): (3 ~ 7).
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CN103745764B (en) * | 2013-12-19 | 2016-03-23 | 浙江凯盈新材料有限公司 | A kind ofly adhere to good back silver with silicon solar cell back surface field aluminium paste and starch and preparation method thereof |
CN106297955A (en) * | 2016-09-30 | 2017-01-04 | 天津宝兴威科技有限公司 | A kind of nano silver conductive paste |
CN107845439A (en) * | 2017-11-03 | 2018-03-27 | 通威太阳能(安徽)有限公司 | A kind of silicon solar cell back silver paste and preparation method thereof |
CN109215835B (en) * | 2018-09-27 | 2020-11-24 | 海宁市瑞银科技有限公司 | Low-resistivity high-adhesion back silver paste for PERC battery and preparation method thereof |
CN115985549B (en) * | 2023-01-06 | 2024-04-16 | 广州市儒兴科技股份有限公司 | Electrode slurry and preparation method thereof |
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